At present, one of the main industrial components of the country is the oil and gas industry. Oil production, oil refining, oil transportation - all links of the oil shoulder are an integral part of the world hydrocarbon space. A feature of the oil industry personnel labor is the impact on workers of dangerous and harmful factors that threaten health and life. The deterioration of the health of the able-bodied population, the reduction in the period of active working capacity, the increase in the number of diseases, disability and even the early death rate caused by professional activity is one of the main problems of the Russian Federation. That is why the tasks of the state as a whole and of any oil industry enterprise in particular are to maintain professional health and longevity through developing technologies and reducing morbidity and injury. Statistical information on accidents and injuries in Russian industry is presented. The structure and dynamics of occupational morbidity in the oil and gas industry are shown. The main methods of analyzing the danger of occupational diseases in oil refineries are considered. The method of integrated assessment of the harm index using is proposed. It is shown that its implementation in combination with modern monitoring technologies will allow to develop and implement a professional risk management system, to justify a rational set of measures to improve working conditions at oil refineries.