Professional Discourse Research Articles

The Digital Turn in Business Anthropology

This essay examines the emerging “digital turn” in business anthropology, a phenomenon propelled by the increasing prevalence and influence of digital technologies. Despite the significant underrepresentation of digital anthropology in current literature within the Journal of Business Anthropology, its relevance to the traditionally focused areas of organizational culture, marketing, consumer research, advertising, and user experience is irrefutable, given the rapid digitalization of the business landscape. By exploring evidence of the “digital turn” and the potential for digital anthropology to overtake design anthropology as a dominant paradigm, this essay advocates for integrating digital anthropology into the professional discourses and research practices of business anthropologists. It highlights the capacity of digital anthropology to equip practitioners with the necessary tools and perspectives to navigate and respond effectively to the ever-evolving digital landscape. Furthermore, the essay delves into the potential of emerging digital technologies, such as AI, to revolutionize anthropological research and practice. Simultaneously, it underscores the entrepreneurial opportunities available to founder anthropologists, specifically by productizing anthropological knowledge and methods. However, practitioners must also acknowledge and address significant challenges such as the rapid pace of digital transformation, privacy and ethical considerations, and the risk of introducing machine bias into the research process. In conclusion, the essay posits that the emerging “digital turn” in business anthropology offers substantial opportunities that will shape the discipline in the coming years, warranting its inclusion by practitioners and academics alike.

Выразительная модификация терминов в современном законодательном дискурсе (на примере немецкого Уголовного кодекса)

The paper is devoted to the study of various linguistic ways and means acting as textual expressiveness in German criminal provisions. The aim of the research is to identify the expressive capabilities of the legal language realised through an emotional-evaluative component embedded in the semantic content of terminological units in the analysed term system. The authors consider the features of subjectivism as a desire to achieve the aesthetics of a professional translation text enhancing affectivity, which manifests itself in the evaluative perception of certain actions and situations. At the same time, the scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that the attempt made allows identifying and analysing the emotional and expressive features of the legal language taking into account the subjective interpretation of the content of legal concepts. As a result of the study, it has been found that the Criminal Code of Germany, despite the objective and dispassionate language peculiar to this form of actualisation of professional scientific discourse, is characterised by the presence of a sufficient amount of expressive vocabulary. The explicit methods of expressiveness verbalisation in this subject area include terminological definitions with a specific emotive meaning, attributive evaluative vocabulary, emphatic and metaphorical phrases.

American telephone voice: Socio-phonetic features of identity in professional and non-professional discourse

American telephone voice: Socio-phonetic features of identity in professional and non-professional discourse

TEACHING PROFESSIONAL DISCOURSE IN A FOREIGN LANGUAGE THROUGH EDUCATIONAL SPEECH SITUATIONS AND ROLE-PLAYING GAMES

This article explores the methodology and effectiveness of teaching professional discourse in a foreign language through educational speech situations and role-playing games. By integrating traditional and innovative teaching methods, the study aims to enhance students' competence and fluency in professional communication. Key components of the methodology include the introduction of speech models, language exercises, and the application of knowledge in various professional situations. The research involved experimental work with 2nd year students in the “Foreign Language” specialty of Kh. Dosmukhamedov Atyrau University. The results indicated that this interactive and immersive approach yielded a positive trend in the development of foreign language professional discourse. The study concludes that the success of mastering a foreign language in the context of professional communication heavily relies on the right approach, making the learning process interesting and dynamic. This methodological organization offers valuable insights into modern foreign language teaching methods, particularly in professional discourse training.

Attachment behaviours in adults with intellectual disabilities in assisted living facilities: representations from direct-care staff.

Studies on individuals with intellectual disabilities (IDs) indicate that primary care staff are potential attachment figures. Therefore, the ability to interpret and respond to attachment behaviours with sensitivity is crucial for professionals working with adults with IDs. However, little is known regarding representations and understanding of these attachment behaviours among professionals. This study investigated the representations of attachment behaviours among adults with IDs, as observed and interpreted by direct-care staff in assisted living facilities. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 19 support workers in seven assisted living facilities in the French community of Belgium. A thematic content analysis was performed. Professional discourse elicited various forms of attachment behaviours that were sometimes considered challenging. Staff reported difficulties in finding a balance between supporting selective attachment and maintaining 'the right distance' to prevent a negative impact on their work conditions. This study gives insight to how using an attachment-informed framework may provide a new perspective on behaviours of adults with IDs in assisted living facilities, as well as the need to offer professionals the opportunity to reflect upon their practices in relation to this dimension.

"No discussions about discharge of semen!" : The wild life of the urologist Felix Schlagintweit (1868-1950)

Felix Schlagintweit worked in amedical clinic, was co-owner of asanatorium, had aprivate practice and wrote fictional books. He massively improved diagnostic methods (e.g., cystoscope) and was interested in psychoanalysis. He rejected the effectiveness of surgical treatment alone and also sole use of psychosomatics. In his view, conservative treatment options were often at least as effective. Because Schlagintweit refused to take part in national socialism, he was purged from professional discourse after 1933 and was only later were his contributions to the history of urology rediscovered.

Preprint Peer Review Enhances Undergraduate Biology Students' Disciplinary Literacy and Sense of Belonging in STEM.

Education about scientific publishing and manuscript peer review is not universally provided in undergraduate science courses. Since peer review is integral to the scientific process and central to the identity of a scientist, we envision a paradigm shift where teaching peer review becomes integral to undergraduate science education. We hypothesize that teaching undergraduates how to peer review scientific manuscripts may facilitate their development of scientific literacy and identity formation. To this end, we developed a constructivist, service-learning curriculum for biology undergraduates to learn about the mechanisms of peer review using preprints and then to write and publish their own peer reviews of preprints as a way to authentically join the scientific community of practice. The curriculum was implemented as a semester-long intervention in one class and, in another class, as an embedded module intervention. Students' scientific literacy and peer review ability were assessed using quantitative methods. Student's perceptions of their scientific literacy and identity were assessed using thematic analysis of students' reflective writing. Here, we present data on the improvement in the peer review ability of undergraduates in both classes and data on the curriculum's interrelated impact on students' development of scientific literacy, identity, and belonging in peer and professional discourse spaces. These data suggest that undergraduates can and should be trained in peer review to foster the interrelated development of their scientific literacy, scientific identity, and sense of belonging in science.

Ressentis des professionnels de santé sur la sexualité des patients hospitalisés en psychiatrie : une étude qualitative

ObjectivesQuestions concerning the sexuality of patients in psychiatric hospitals have come to light, particularly since the introduction of mixed gender patients in these institutions in the 1960s. Although the concerns about mixed gender are less topical, there are questions about the approach used toward sexuality in psychiatric hospitals. Today, even in a desire to protect patients, it is no longer acceptable to prohibit sexual relations on the wards in general, without considering the patient's clinical condition. A global study of the sexuality of patients in psychiatric hospitals is necessary. Initially, our study will focus on the attitudes of caregivers about the sexuality of patients. The main objective of this article is to present a thematic analysis of the discourse of health care professionals interviewed about the sexuality of adult patients hospitalized in psychiatry wards, focusing particularly on their feelings. The secondary objectives are to understand the problems encountered in daily practice by health professionals and to identify possible areas for improvement. MethodsThe study was carried out in three centers, and a total of 18 caregivers were included. The criteria for participation were to be a health professional who cared for or had treated adult patients on psychiatric wards. For this study, we favored qualitative research because it focuses on the subject's discourse, which will allow us to concentrate on the feelings of the caregivers interviewed. ResultsFirst of all, the theme of persistent taboos that we initially encountered must be qualified. In fact, although sexuality is often discussed only if the health care team is confronted with it in the department, it appears that it is increasingly possible to discuss it. Second, we noted the prevalence of the themes of vulnerability and consent in the discourse of health professionals. These themes are directly linked to those of difficulty and anxiety, which were also highlighted during the data analysis. This suggests that it is difficult for health care providers to assess whether a patient has consented to engage in sexual activity, especially for those hospitalized under duress. Sexual violence is a major concern for caregivers. How best can they protect vulnerable patients while respecting their privacy and rights? Furthermore, we found a certain heterogeneity in the way care was provided. There are differences within the same institution, but also within the same department, depending on the caregivers. The study also allowed us to identify variations in the way patients are treated and the way they feel, depending on their gender, with men often being considered as predators and women as victims. Among the subjects interviewed, there was an unanimous desire to have access to training concerning the sexuality of patients. Finally, the subject of sexuality raises other issues such as the rights of hospitalized patients and restrictions of freedom imposed during hospitalization and also the position of the health care team with respect to a patient's intimacy and communication between the medical and paramedical teams. Many aspects of this issue where there is a need for improvement must be studied, particularly training, which seems essential to enable caregivers to feel more comfortable and to offer better quality care to patients. The training on dealing with sexuality is inseparable from the training on the rights of hospitalized patients. Other areas for improvement have been identified, such as the implementation of workshops on sexuality in the wards or the development of multidisciplinary protocols in the event of a reported sexual assault or significant doubt on the part of the health care team regarding possible violence where the victim is not able to call the health care team or notify the competent authorities. ConclusionIn this qualitative approach to the sexuality of patients hospitalized in psychiatry, we have seen that the attitudes of health care providers concerning sexuality have evolved considerably because of new legislation and a change in the way society views this issue. Nevertheless, professionals seem to have difficulty in assessing the capacity to consent to sexual intercourse in patients who present a significant degree of vulnerability due to the psychological disorders they may be suffering from. In addition, we feel it is important to emphasize the need for training in the promotion of sexual and emotional health, the prevention of sexual violence and the management of sexual violence. Also, the establishment of multi-professional discussion forums on the issue of sexuality in patients with psychiatric disorders should be supported. Finally, we believe that this study should be supplemented by a qualitative analysis of the discourse of patients hospitalized in psychiatric institutions to better understand the areas of care that should be developed in the future, from the perspective of a global approach to the person suffering from mental disorders.

Language, Politics, and Identity: an Interdisciplinary Investigation of Modern Political Discourse

The article discusses an interdisciplinary approach to the study of political discourse on the example of linguistic and political science studies devoted to the manifestation of national identity in the speeches of German politicians. The relevance is explained by the fact that the article for the first time considers the use of an interdisciplinary approach in the analysis of professional discourse by specialists from different scientific fields. The purpose of the work is to show how an interdisciplinary approach is implemented in the study of political discourse by linguists and political scientists. Both studies were carried out on the empirical material of 60 texts of public speeches by leading German politicians (H. Maas, Z. Gabriel, F.-W. Steinmeier, A. Merkel, O. Scholz, U. von der Leyen) at international and national events such as the Munich Security Conference, the UN General Assembly, government statements. Both studies used general scientific methods (description, analysis, continuous sampling method), as well as quantitative content analysis (political scientists) and statistical methods of the chi-square test and Cramer’s coefficient (linguists). The use of these methods led both research groups to approximately the same conclusions: German politicians tend to avoid emphasizing ethnic identity in their speeches on the international agenda, which is reflected in the language choices. The analysis by linguists of culture-bound elements with the help of the chi-square test showed that the elements of non-German realities predominate in the speeches. The content analysis carried out by political scientists revealed that the leading German politicians tend not to demonstrate their national identity, giving priority to positioning Germany as a member of the EU and NATO.

A Discourse of Professionalism of Advocates in Providing Legal Assistance in Indonesia

Advocate profession is an honorable profession and carries a great responsibility because work is not only about the advocate himself, but also related to the benefit of others. An advocate is obliged to help people who are unable to handle legal issues. Legal assistance must be carried out based on conscience and must not discriminate. This study uses normative legal research methods, and the approach used is a conceptual approach. Advocate professionalism in providing legal assistance free of charge can be seen from how effective the assistance has an impact on society, even though there are several obstacles in its implementation.

Fluid transitions – “weak” constellations of participation in the process of leaving care

This conceptual article describes how, in terms of organization theories, shifts in the chronological transition to adulthood produce “weak” constellations of participation during the process of leaving care. In contrast, the professional discourse on participation is dominated by concepts that ultimately call for “strong” constellations as a means of enabling participation. In that discourse, participation is seen as being governed by the organizational structure of the child and youth care services, which, for example, determine the chronology of the steps taken by care leavers (e.g., moving out of their residential home or the foster family) and thus also affect their opportunities for participation. Altogether, chrononormativities are seen to play a prominent guiding role. Research into participation relating to child and youth care generally pays little attention to emerging adulthood: the professional debate mainly relates to the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC), which focuses on the age of majority as its biographical milestone. For this reason, this article will start out by summarising the research on participation during the process of leaving care. Three analyses of contemporary society taken from youth studies will then be used to describe the chronological arrangements young people currently experience during this transition. First, we will examine the dynamics influencing young people’s biographies during emerging adulthood in some countries and affecting their opportunities for participation. Second, we will focus on the varied range of life circumstances, coping situations and social disadvantages facing care leavers. Third, we will study how the “beyond Covid” situation is affecting care leavers. Finally, we will argue that in view of these unclear chronological transitional constellations during the process of leaving care, it would be fruitful for research on participation to examine “weak” constellations of as a means of identifying and analysing different signals through which people make their voices heard. This understanding of participation against the background of leaving care will make it possible to recognise not just “strong”, activating forms of participation, but also different degrees of participation and ways in which it is expressed.

International Merger and Acquisition: A Site of Interdisciplinary and Intertextual Discourse Activity

This ethnographic case study provides authentic insights into the intertextual negotiation processes for a particular merger-and-acquisition (M&A) transaction in the context of international legal practice, involving interdisciplinary legal and business professionals. Using genre and discourse analytical methodology, this study focuses on the interactional discourse practices and textual products used for negotiation of the primary sale and purchase agreement. By providing sociolinguistic insights into the M&A negotiation process, these research findings can promote a better understanding of the professional discourse activities and interactional role behaviors for this very important area of international business law practice.

Healthcare professionals discourses on men and masculinities in sexual healthcare: a focus group study

Studies have reported that men’s uptake of sexual health services is low, that these services make them feel vulnerable, and that they experience sexual healthcare (SHC) as stressful, heteronormative, potentially sexualised and “tailored for women”. They also suggest that healthcare professionals (HCPs) working in SHC view masculinity as problematic, and situated in private relationships. This study aimed to explore how HCPs construct the gendered social location in SHC, specifically in terms of masculinity and a perception that masculinity is situated in relationships. Critical Discourse Analysis was used to analyse transcripts from seven focus group interviews with 35 HCPs working with men’s sexual health in Sweden. The study found that gendered social locations were discursively constructed in four ways: (I) by problematising and opposing masculinity in society; (II) through discursive strategies where a professional discourse on men and masculinity is lacking; (III) by constructing SHC as a feminine arena where masculinity is a visible norm violation; (IV) by constructing men as reluctant patients and formulating a mission to change masculinity. The discourses of HCPs constructed the gendered social location of masculinity in society as incompatible with SHC, and saw masculinity in SHC as a violation of feminine norms. Men seeking SHC were constructed as reluctant patients, and HCPs were seen as agents of change with a mission to transform masculinity. The discourses of HCPs risk othering men in SHC, which could prevent care on equal terms. A shared professional discourse on masculinity could create a common foundation for a more consistent, knowledge-based approach to masculinity and men’s sexual health in SHC.

Educational Studies and Educational Practice: A Necessary Engagement

ABSTRACT This paper assesses prospects for the relationship between educational studies and educational practice, with reference to the current institutional and policy context in England. Drawing on the sociology of educational knowledge and practice, it is argued that educational studies can be conceptualised in contrasting ways, by considering internal structures, external relations and how disciplinary problematics are defined, but also by how educational practice is portrayed. To develop the analysis, Bernstein’s work on knowledge structures and academic and professional discourses is articulated with philosophical work that distinguishes between different conceptualisations of practice prevalent in the humanities and social sciences. This enables critical reflection on three arrangements of educational studies (the foundation disciplines, the new science, and the deliberative traditions) each with their own internal dynamic, socio-epistemic assumptions, relationship to policy, and implications for the future production of knowledge. This process of reflection is illustrated with reference to some recent developments in England that illuminate the current position of educational studies in relation to educational policy and practice.

#MedEd: Mapping the Current Landscape of Medical Education Discourse and Stakeholder Participation Across Social Media Platforms.

Background Medical education is a constantly evolving and multifaceted field that requires ongoing discussion and innovation. Social media platforms have emerged as a popular medium for disseminating information and engaging in professional discourse among medical educators. In particular, the hashtag #MedEd has gained widespread recognition amongst individuals and organizations within the medical education community. Our objective is to gain insights into the types of information and discussions surrounding medical education, as well as the individuals or organizations involved in these conversations. Methods Searches were conducted across major social media platforms, including Twitter, Instagram, and Facebook, using the hashtag #MedEd. The top 20 posts posted on these platforms were analyzed through a reflexive thematic analysis approach utilizing the Braun and Clarke method. Furthermore, an examination was conducted on the profiles of those responsible for posting the aforementioned top posts, to ascertain the degree of participation from individuals versus organizations within the broader discourse pertaining to the topic. Results Our analysis revealed three thematic categories associated with the usage of the #MedEd hashtag, including discussions on "continuous learning and medical case presentations," "medical specialties and topics," and "medical education pedagogy." The analysis revealed that social media can serve as a valuable platform for medical education by providing access to a diverse range of learning resources, fostering collaboration and professional networking, and providing innovative teaching methods. Furthermore, profile analysis showed that individuals were more actively involved in the discussion of medical education topics on social media compared to organizations across all three platforms. Conclusion Our study highlights the significant role that social media platforms play in facilitating the exchange of information and ideas within the medical education community. The hashtag #MedEd serves as a means of connecting individuals and organizations across the globe, enabling them to engage in professional discourse and stay informed on the latest developments in the field. Our findings suggest that a better understanding of the thematic categories and stakeholders involved in medical education discussions on social media can aid educators, learners, and organizations in enhancing their engagement with this dynamic field.

Языковые особенности немецкой терминологической системы маркетинга

The paper addresses the issues related to the study of the morphological and lexico-semantic structure of German-language terms in economic discourse, which contributes to a more complete understanding of the processes of term formation and the laws of their functioning in a specialised language. The research aims to give a comprehensive description of the German terminology that enables professional communication in the field of marketing. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that the analysed vocabulary as a marker of a highly specialised discourse is studied in conjunction with purposeful pragmatic and socio-psychological actions, which allows it to be interpreted most fully taking into account certain cognitive processes, i.e. from the perspective of how such language definitions are perceived by the audience for which they are intended. Word-formation models of terminological notions are also considered. As a result of the research, it has been found that lexical units in professional discourse, being the means for naming complex notions, differ, on the one hand, in the maximum capacity of the content and, on the other hand, in the maximum recognisability and free reproducibility. This function is implemented primarily by multicomponent composite words, which, possessing nominative integrity and compressive potential, eliminate the syntactic cumbersomeness of sentences, conveying in a concise form the content of a professional text.

Discourses of work life in narrative identities of people with advanced dementia.

There is no consensus as to whether people with advanced dementia can create a narrative identity. It is most often thought to be disturbed due to autobiographical memory disorders. In this paper, we examined how people with advanced dementia constructed their narrative identities in relation to their professional experience. This qualitative study used data obtained from 8 semi-structured interviews. The interviewees were people with advanced dementia aged between 66 and 89years. We analyzed the dataset based on the textual-oriented discourse analysis. The study participants created narrative identities. Their narrative identities were constructed within residual professional discourses learned during their lifespan. These discourses blended their narrative identities into coherent stories about who they are now, offered languages to describe current experiences, and emphasized important values for their self-image. The participants built narrative identities by referring to the past and imagining a better present with the omission of the future. The past was valued positively and was a source of positive nostalgia. Projections of a better present served to reveal their needs and assess ways to meet them. We argue that people with advanced dementia can create complex and coherent narrative identities. They are constructed around discourses and not only using autobiographical memories. Encouraging them to create narrative identities in the dialogue can be a simple therapeutic method by which they can maintain a sense of self-cohesion and belonging to the world.

Коллокации как инструмент обучения профессиональной русскоязычной речи иностранных студентов (на примере фрейм-сценария «Описание пожара»)

The research is aimed at working out the model of teaching vocation-oriented Russian to foreign students on the basis of collocations of the frame-scenario “Fire description”. Special attention is given to the tightness between a definite cognitive structure (slot) and relevant collocations which foreign students know well. This phenomenon makes their speech natural and fluent. In addition, it is noted that the whole lexical units actualize the meanings of professional discourse, have a linguodidactic potential and give a teacher an opportunity to form vocation-oriented speech skills efficiently. The scientific novelty consists in the presentation of a professional discourse fragment as a frame-scenario composed of slots. The slots are filled with the whole lexical units-collocations. The stepwise work with these collocations forms the skills which the foreign students need to participate in professional communication. As a result, the worked out model for teaching Russian as a foreign language allows the foreign students to develop the skills of making vocation-oriented monologues on the basis of the most acceptable combinations of lexical units.

Crisis, criticisms, and damaged credibility: A case study of organisational trust repair by a Victorian joint-stock bank

This article uses the organisational trust repair model developed by Gillespie and Dietz to examine how the Royal Bank of Liverpool, which suspended payments during the commercial crisis in 1847, escaped liquidation and resumed business. This case study uses newspaper reports and selected corporate records to explore the narratives of trust between bank management and different interest groups over the course of resuscitating the establishment. There are three important aspects which shaped the dynamics of trust repair in this case: (1) the bank’s appeal to its reputational past in the community to reassert its credibility; (2) the management’s tactful reconciliation of competing expectations from different parties, and (3) the renegotiation of boundaries between directors’ power and stakeholders’ rights. By exploring the professional standpoint, local attributes and moral discourses within which the bank was resuscitated, this article evaluates the firm’s strategies for rebuilding trust and its corporate legitimacy through a contemporary theoretical perspective, thus offering lessons for corporate trust repair in the twenty-first century.

Modern technologies for forming intercultural competence in students of HEIs in the process of professional training

The research examines theoretical and methodological approaches to the development of intercultural competence among higher education students, and how it varies due to changes in the digital environment. Attention is given to interactive methods for improving intercultural competence as a source of everyday and professional discourse formation, and enhancing communication skills among students. The k ey principles for stimulating the development and use of technologies in building intercultural competence in higher education institutions' practices are highlighted. The study's findings can be beneficial for future professionals and can be applied in universities' practices when organizing the educational process or educational programs aimed at training future specialists.