Professional Activities Research Articles

РАЗРАБОТКА КРИТЕРИЕВ СИСТЕМЫ РЕЙТИНГА ПРЕПОДАВАТЕЛЯ ДЛЯ ВУЗОВ IT-НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ

The article is devoted to the development of a system of criteria for rating teachers for IT universities, which will improve the quality of education. The relevance of this study in connection with the rapid development of technological processes lies in the need to consider the contribution of teachers to the development using innovative technologies and improving the education system. The object of the study is universities that train future personnel in the field of information technology. At the beginning of the article, the authors analyze the existing criteria for assessing the rating of teachers based on the ranking provisions of 5 different universities and identify the problem that many teachers have academic knowledge, but do not devote enough time to developments using advanced technologies and their implementation in the educational process. In this connection, a new group of criteria is being introduced, which includes criteria for professional activity. It is expected that the implementation of the system of developed criteria will lead to an improvement in the quality of education, which will contribute to improving the quality of the university’s graduates in the field of information technology.

The potential for using entrustable professional activities in assessing optometric clinical competence.

Qualifications required to practise optometry seek to provide assurance that those completing them have the necessary competencies to be safe and effective clinicians. Often, this assurance is gained via high stakes assessments such as objective structured clinical examinations. This paper introduces entrustable professional activities (EPAs) as a potential alternative approach to assessing optometric clinical competence. Entrustable professional activities are defined in the context of optometric practice and the potential advantages and challenges of using them are outlined.

Psychological and pedagogical classes in the system of continuous education: search for the optimal model

Introduction. The development of a regional network of psychological and pedagogical classes (PPC) is of particular relevance due to the worsening shortage of teaching staff. Currently, the most widespread are the intra-school, network and resource models of PPC. At the same time, universities providing scientific and methodological support for teaching and training courses are searching for an optimal model of their organization that would combine the most strengths of established models. Novgorod State University is implementing a cluster model of PPC. The purpose of the article is to study the specifics and effectiveness of the cluster model of psychological and pedagogical classes. Materials and methods. Using theoretical methods (analysis and synthesis of scientific literature, historical and pedagogical analysis of scientific sources on the research problem, comparison of the essence of various PPC models), a study was conducted that made it possible to identify the features of the PPC cluster model. In order to identify the dynamics of students' ideas about the teaching profession and their assessment of various forms of education, a survey of 124 schoolchildren was conducted. To determine the methods of forming PPC and organizing the educational process in these classes, interviews were conducted with the heads of 13 schools in the Novgorod region, for which a standardized interview was developed. Results. The study theoretically substantiates the cluster model of PPC, which integrates elements of traditional PPC models into a single construct. In this model, the university acts as a resource scientific and methodological center, which, in cooperation with the subjects of the pedagogical cluster, conducts educational intensives and specialized shifts with students aimed at developing students’ primary skills in teaching professional activities. The results of the survey recorded a positive trend in schoolchildren’s attitude towards the teaching profession. After completing the first year of study, the number of students with a positive image of the teaching profession increased by 21%. 83.9% of respondents gave a high rating to various forms of training in the PPC. During interviews, school leaders confirmed the effectiveness of the cluster model of organizing educational training, especially noting the effectiveness of educational intensives and specialized shifts, as well as the additional educational program implemented by the university. Conclusion. The study confirmed the effectiveness of an integrated system of scientific and methodological support for psychological and pedagogical classes, which was formed at the intersection of educational, regional pedagogical and university pre-professional clusters. The cluster model proposed by Novgorod State University has significant integration potential and assumes a wide range of interaction between various subjects of the territorial educational system.

Peculiarities of tolerance to uncertainty in students at different stages of education: the contribution of dispositional hope and optimism

Introduction. The rapidly changing conditions of modern society are characterized by a certain degree of unpredictability. A person's success and well-being depend on his ability to accept challenges and adapt to a transforming world. Modern research focuses on the study of various factors influencing an individual’s tolerance to uncertainty. However, not enough attention is paid to the consideration of dispositional hope and optimism as predictors of this phenomenon. The purpose of the study is to study the characteristics of dispositional hope and optimism as predictors of tolerance to uncertainty in students and to establish the direction of connections between the studied characteristics, taking into account age and gender. Materials and methods. The study involved 191 1st and 5th year students of the St. Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering (Russian Federation). Methods: «Uncertainty Tolerance Scale, MSTAT-I» by D. McLane, adapted by E. G. Lukovitskaya, E. N. Osina, «Dispositional Hope Scale (ADHS)» adapted by K. Muzdybaev, «Optimism and Activity» questionnaire (Arousability and Optimism Scale, AOS) Schuller, A. Comunian adapted by N. E. Vodopyanova. Results. It was found that 1st year students show a higher level of tolerance to uncertainty (46,2±11,4) than 5th year students (42,3±11,0). 1st and 5th year boys have a higher tolerance for uncertainty than 1st and 5th year girls. Among 1st and 5th year boys, «activity» (B=1,55; p ≤ 0,001, respectively B=1,24; p≤0,01) and «optimism» (В=1,81; р≤0,03, respectively B=1,62; p≤0,001). The greatest predictors of tolerance to uncertainty among first-year girls are the «integral index of hope» (B=0,84; p≤0,01), «ability to find ways» (B=0,59; p≤0,01) and «activity» (B=2,16; p≤0,001) By the 5th year, girls’ tolerance to situations of uncertainty decreases and hope for a better future disappears. Conclusion. The results of the study contribute to the understanding of the influence of hope and optimism on the development of tolerance to uncertainty. Integration into the educational process of programs aimed at developing tolerance to uncertainty using positive thinking methods can have a positive impact on the future professional activities of future specialists.

Principles of criminal law of Ukraine and principles of criminal law protection of professional activity of law enforcement officers

The article analyzes the links between the basic principles of criminal law of Ukraine and the principles governing criminal law protection of professional activities of law enforcement agencies. Special attention is paid to the study of interaction and impact of these principles on law enforcement. The author refers to the contributions of national scholars who have studied the nature of certain principles of criminal law and offers a systematic analysis for further improvement of the regulatory framework. The author emphasizes that modern changes in criminal law should reflect not only historical experience, but also modern challenges that require a deeper understanding and application of the principles of justice, legality, humanism and democracy. The author also emphasizes the need to enshrine the principles in the new edition of the Criminal Code of Ukraine in order to comply with international standards and ensure legal certainty and objectivity of law enforcement. According to the author, there is a need for greater clarity and systematization of the principles of criminal law, and their inclusion in the Criminal Code will help ensure greater transparency and efficiency in their application. The author of the article emphasizes the importance of the principles of criminal law proposed by P. L. Fries, which form the basis for criminal law protection of professional activities of law enforcement agencies, but also emphasizes the possibility of their expansion. In particular, the author proposes new articles for the Criminal Code of Ukraine which include the principles of legality, equality before the law, guilt, justice, individualization of punishment, personal nature of responsibility, humanism, and inevitability of responsibility. The author comes to the conclusion that the principles of criminal law protection of the professional activities of law enforcement agencies are based on constitutional and criminal law principles. The basic principles such as the rule of law, justice, equality before the law, individualization of punishment, and inevitability of liability form the structure of protection of law enforcement officers’ rights. An analysis of the principles which are repeated in constitutional and special criminal provisions shows that it is inappropriate to allocate separate principles for law enforcement officers. The author proposes a two-tier system of principles for effective criminal law protection which avoids duplication of categories and ensures systematic and rational law application.

Art literacy of masters students and masters in folk artistic culture

Introduction. The relevance of studying the phenomenon of artistic literacy is determined by the fact that the ability to understand art is a necessary skill of a modern person. Artistic literacy at work refers to the ability to study art, as well as apply this knowledge when creating your own works of art. The purpose of this article: to study the characteristics of artistic literacy of undergraduates and masters of folk art culture. Materials and methods. This study of artistic literacy was carried out through a diagnostic method. The sample members were masters and undergraduates in the field of study 51.04.02 “Folk artistic culture” in the direction “Musical heritage of the Russian people”, studying or completing their studies at I.A. Bunin Yelets State University. The sample consisted of 43 respondents (N=43). At the time of the study, 19 subjects were studying in the 1st and 2nd years of a master’s degree; 24 subjects completed their studies in this master’s program in 2021-2023. The “Artistic Literacy Scale” by I. Yucetoker was identified as a diagnostic technique, which includes 26 statements. Each statement is asked to be rated on a 5-point scale. The artistic literacy scale consists of 4 factors: “Information need”, “Research activity”, “Use of knowledge of the artistic field in scientific activity”, “Transfer of the results of scientific research into the artistic field into performance and creativity”. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS software. To process the results of the diagnostic technique, a t-test for independent samples was used. Also, to identify certain aspects of the conditions for the formation of artistic literacy, interviews were conducted with some of the study participants. Results. The level of artistic literacy among all members of the sample is quite high. There were no statistically significant differences among the groups of respondents distributed by gender (t (43) = 1.42; p > 0.05), while statistically significant differences were observed between the groups of undergraduates and masters (t (43) = 3.02; p > 0.05). Master's students demonstrate better results, which is determined by their professional experience. The main problem areas for master's students are related to the use of knowledge of the artistic sphere in scientific activities and the transfer of the results of scientific research into the artistic sphere into performance and creativity. Apparently, the process of developing functional literacy at a professional level is associated not only with receiving vocational education, but also with the first experience of professional activity. The high level of artistic literacy of master's students is due to the presence of such circumstances as passion for a certain creative and/or performing practice, extensive experience of solo or group participation in various musical or cultural projects. Scientific novelty. For the first time, based on a sample of Russian students, the results of assessing artistic literacy are shown. Practical significance. The results of the study can be used to optimize the process of organizing research work of undergraduates, as well as industrial internships.

Developing and Validating Entrustable Professional Activities (EPAs) for Rheumatology Fellowship Training Programs in Saudi Arabia: A Delphi Study.

Entrustable professional activities (EPAs) define the core tasks that a graduating rheumatologist needs to perform independently in practice. The objective of this study was to develop and validate EPAs for rheumatology fellowship training programs in Saudi Arabia. Experts met to develop an initial set of potential end-of-training EPAs by conducting a comprehensive literature review of EPAs and studying the Saudi rheumatology fellowship curriculum. Then, to validate the EPAs, we conducted two rounds of the modified Delphi technique among rheumatology experts in Saudi Arabia. A response rate of 80% was considered and the minimum number of experts needed to be 25 to 30. Descriptive statistics were utilized to describe participants' demographic characteristics and group responses to each statement in all rounds. The experts were asked to rate the relevancy of each EPA using a 5-point Likert scale in both Delphi rounds. In the preliminary phase, four rheumatologists developed an initial set of 36 core EPAs for rheumatology training program in Saudi Arabia. For the two-rounds Delphi techniques, 32 experts were invited to complete the study. The response rate of the first and second round were, 78.12% (25) and 93.75% (30), respectively. The first-round Delphi resulted in a robust consensus on 31 EPAs for rheumatology training.Five EPAs were excluded,and one new EPA was proposed.In the subsequent round,all 32 EPAs achieved strong consensus.The eliminated EPAs likely fell short in one or more of the following areas: relevance to rheumatology practice in Saudi Arabia, overlapping with other EPAs, or practical challenges in the implementation. We have developed and validated a core set of EPAs for rheumatology fellowship training programs in Saudi Arabia. Mapping and identifying milestones for these EPAs are essential steps to follow to enhance workplace curriculum development.

THEORETICAL AND PEDAGOGICAL BASIS OF THE METHODOLOGY FOR IMPROVING PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE OF FUTURE MUSIC TEACHERS

This article analyzes the theoretical and pedagogical foundations of the methodology of improving the professional competence of future music teachers. The theoretical knowledge and pedagogical practice approaches that are important in the formation of the professional competence of a music teacher are highlighted. Also, ways to develop important competencies in the professional activity of teachers - didactic, communicative, creative and technological skills are considered. In order to improve the professional competence of future teachers, the article focuses on strengthening the knowledge and skills of students through modern pedagogical technologies, interactive methods, analysis of musical works, and practical training.

Peculiarities of the influence of the level of motivation for cognitive activities on the development of future teachers’ intellectual abilities

Introduction. The article considers the problem of developing Education students’ intellectual abilities at different levels of their cognitive motivation. The purpose of the study is to reveal how low and high levels of motivation for cognitive activities influence the development of the psychological system of intellectual abilities in different periods of Education students’ learning and professional activities. Materials and Methods. The study follows the system-genetic variant of the activity-based approach, which enables the authors to explain the influence of personality abilities (motivation) on the development of the abilities of the subject of the activity (intellectual abilities). The main methods employed include a survey, testing, analysis of regulatory documents and scholarly literature on the research problems. The sample consisted in 156 undergraduate students majoring in Education. Results. The authors have revealed a nonlinear nature of the influence of cognitive motivation on the development of intellectual abilities of Education students. It was found that an increase in cognitive motivation does not lead to an increase in absolute indicators of intellectual abilities and the level of general intelligence; its influence is manifested in a change in the structural organization of intellectual abilities in different periods of learning and professional activities. A high level of cognitive motivation ensures successful restructuring of intellectual abilities at the beginning of teacher training, testing new methods of intellectual activities in the middle of the degree course, optimization of the structure of intelligence at the end of studying. Thus, the influence of cognitive motivation on intellectual development is mediated by the acquisition of experience in educational and professional activities, requiring testing different methods of arranging students’ intellectual activities. Conclusions. Managing the process of developing motivation and intellectual abilities in a future teacher should take into account the complex nature of relationships between these psychological phenomena. The effect of pedagogical influence on motivation and, as a consequence, intellectual development is of a delayed nature, mediated by the acquisition of experience in solving educational and professional problems by future teachers at different stages of pursuing the degree programme.

THE PROVISION OF SAFE EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT IN PUBLIC SCHOOL

In the modern world, and especially in the Republic of Armenia, radical socio-political, socio-economic changes affect the socio-cultural conditions of human life, complicating the process of formation and development of an individual. For human livelihood, development and manifestation, it is necessary to provide all security bases: physical, psychological and social. The existence of the problem of life safety is recognized all over the world and the key role in ensuring personal safety belongs to education. The purpose of the article is to identify the problem of ensuring a safe educational environment in public school. Studying the educational environment, awareness of the safety of the educational environment arising from the fundamental rights of a student and teacher in a public school, ensuring its conditions, assessing the comfort and developmental significance of this environment provide an opportunity to obtain objective information about the educational institution and undertake work that will help to improve the quality of education in the case of quickly and efficiently created pedagogical conditions and professional supportive activities.

FORMATION OF EDUCATION QUALITY IN THE CONTEXT OF EDUCATIONAL REFORMS

The article presents the problem of quality of education and the main directions of educational reforms aimed at its solution. Accordingly, both the causes of the decline in the quality of education and the main components of its formation are discussed. The article also considers the structural and functional components of solving the problems arising during the professional activity of the pedagogue as a factor of increasing the quality of education. The article presents the analysis of the research conducted in a number of schools, the purpose of which is find out the impact of educational reforms on the formation of the quality of education. The article shows the indicators of the quality of education expressed in percentages in each school over the last three years. The indicated data are presented with help of tables and charts. The latter allows us to see changes in indicators expressing the quality of education due to the implementation of educational reforms. The article also compares the results recorded in different schools. Through comparative analysis, differences in changes expressed in the results of the quality of education are identified, corresponding to the characteristics of each school. Along with the differences, there are also some similarities. The latter is presented as a weak improvement in the quality of education. The article also notes that the observed results are preliminary due to the continuity of educational reforms. Also, the article emphasizes the importance of implementing the continuous monitoring process as a solution to the problem of ensuring the quality of education.

Educational activities of continuing professional development as a platform for constant professional improvement of dentists

Continuing professional development lasts throughout the entire period of professional activity and enables a doctor not only to constantly maintain, but also to improve the standards of professional activity in accordance with the needs of the dental industry. Public professional associations are an effective platform for professional communication and improvement of knowledge and doctors’ practical skills. During the first half of 2024, the NGO “Association of Dentists of Ukraine” organized and conducted several educational events for dentists, both in real time and in classroom format. During educational events, doctors had the opportunity to familiarize themselves with the latest technologies in dentistry, were provided with educational and methodological materials for better knowledge acquisition and mastering skills, as well as regulatory and other documents providing medical dental care. The NGO “Association of Dentists of Ukraine” constantly monitors the satisfaction of doctors with educational events and, based on the results of the survey, publishes relevant articles in a professional journal.

MATHEMATICAL MODELS AND ALGORITHMS IN LOGISTICS: REAL- WORLD APPLICATIONS AND AI IMPACT

Have you ever pondered the importance of mathematics in the field of logistics? Have you also reflected on whether a solid understanding of mathematical principles is crucial for achieving success in a logistics profession? This article explores the intersection of mathematics and logistics, shedding light on the indispensable role mathematics plays within the industry. By exploring practical applications, it provides insights into the mathematical concepts integral to the daily activities of logistics professionals. Whether aspiring to enter the field or carrying out further studies in logistics, this article offers a foundational understanding of mathematics' importance in logistics. In addition, we have also shown a case in which technological development and artificial intelligence are applied, where we have employed logistic regression, k-nearest neighbors, and random forest classifiers on data collected from Amazon to analyze customer reviews. Our results demonstrate that logistic regression outperformed the others, achieving an accuracy rate of 86.75%. This result is suggestive of the importance of this technique in building customer relations, particularly in their use in decision-making methods.

The scholarly and practice profile of respiratory therapists in Canada: A cross-sectional survey.

Respiratory therapists (RTs) are expected to provide high-quality care for patients with chronic and acute cardiopulmonary conditions across the lifespan by staying abreast of emerging scientific evidence and effectively integrating it into clinical practice. This integration of evidence is encompassed within the competency of scholarly practice. However, there is currently a limited understanding of RTs' scholarly practice. Furthermore, despite RTs' widespread presence in the Canadian healthcare system, comprehensive studies describing the profiles of RTs are lacking. This study aimed to describe the demographic characteristics, scholarly and practice profiles of the respiratory therapy profession in Canada. A cross-sectional survey was distributed via the national professional association and regulatory bodies. The survey contained seven sections with 52 items. We calculated means and standard deviations, or medians and interquartile ranges for continuous variables and frequencies and proportions for categorical variables. Open-ended questions were analyzed using summative content analysis. We analyzed data from 832 participants (6.8% response rate) from Ontario (17.8%), Québec (15.7%), and Alberta (13.3%), and across other provinces. Nearly 40% had completed an undergraduate degree beyond their respiratory therapy diploma. Few participants had authored or co-authored peer-reviewed publications. RTs reported reading approximately 2.2 peer-reviewed publications monthly. Most participants agreed on the importance of critical reflection in practice (93.1%) and that having a supportive work environment was vital. Almost three-quarters of participants (73.4%) reported that they believe that RTs are valued members of interprofessional teams, and 78% agreed that understanding research enables them to engage in patient advocacy. This survey provides a portrait of the practice and scholarly profile of the respiratory therapy profession in Canada. While the profession shows potential for growth, concerns persist regarding limited engagement in activities related to scholarly practice. Addressing these challenges and nurturing a culture of scholarly practice are likely necessary to support the development of scholarly practice in the profession. Creating supportive environments, providing access to resources, and encouraging professional development activities may advance the scholarly practice of RTs. Future national surveys could employ random sampling strategies to achieve a more representative sample of the profession.

POSSIBILITIES OF USING GAMIFICATION IN TEACHING ECONOMICS TO MEDICAL UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

Background. Among the key trends influencing education today, the following stand out: “massification” and internationalization of education, turbulence of the world economy, “digital revolution”, technological innovation. Gamification has become a popular tool for solving various problems of varying degrees of complexity and today is confidently used in areas including business, personnel management, healthcare, and education. The purpose is to examine the application of gamification in teaching economics to medical students. Materials and methods. When working on the article, we used an analysis of sources containing experience in the use of gamification by domestic and foreign scientists, generalization and systematization of the results obtained, modeling of the educational process, a pedagogical experiment on modifying existing economic games and using them in practical classes in economics, observation of behavior students in classes using gaming technologies, analyzing the results of using games. Results. The characteristics of generations differ in different countries depending on the economic, social, political and other conditions of the development of society. Taking these characteristics into account, educational standards and teaching technologies are changing. Educational technologies used in the process of teaching economics to students of generation “Y” required significant improvements for teaching to students of generation “Z”. The idea of using gaming technologies, which is actively used in our time, cannot be called completely new. The classics of pedagogy K.D. Ushinsky and Sukhomlinsky V.A. spoke about the need for games in learning. The authors conducted a pedagogical experiment on introducing gamification into the teaching of economics to medical university students. At a medical university, students study economics in their junior years, when they themselves are still dependent and, with rare exceptions, have no experience of earning money on their own. The use of games, common in teaching economics at specialized economic universities, presupposes a well-developed economic thinking and knowledge base. For medical students, gamification tools require significant adaptation and refinement. Also, when introducing games into the learning process, it is necessary to take into account the different perceptions of students of generations “Y” and “Z”. Generation Z is closer to computer games and, accordingly, there are opportunities for their use in education. However, as the experiment showed, these students willingly take part and show interest in classes using the classical principles of board games. As a result, approaches to introducing gamification into teaching economics to medical university students have been developed. An analysis of gamification as a tool for developing interest and motivation of students was carried out, taking into account the theory of generations. As part of gamification, board games were modified and tested, which allowed students to develop skills in applying economic knowledge in future professional activities, including the commercialization of scientific developments.

Blended learning as an innovative form of professional training of future teachers of defects for professional activity: a pilot study

Blended learning as an innovative form of professional training of future teachers of defects for professional activity: a pilot study

"DIGITAL" TEACHER: NEW ROLES, FUNCTIONS AND COMPETENCES

Background. The development of digital technologies is one of the priority tasks of modern education, a crucial step in improving the quality of learning and teaching and transforming the role of the teacher in the conditions of digitalisation of education. The purpose of the research presented in the article is to describe the qualitative changes in the professional activity of teachers and to consider the "digital" roles and digital competence of teachers based on the data of questionnaire survey of teachers working in profile psycho-pedagogical classes in the city of Tula and Tula region. Materials and methods. The methodological basis of the empirical study is the competence approach, in particular, digital competence. The main conceptual documents regulating the development of digital education are the national programme "Digital Economy of the Russian Federation" and the priority project "Modern Digital Educational Environment in the Russian Federation". In the course of the empirical study, the questionnaire method was applied. Results. Theoretical analysis allowed us to state that in modern conditions the professional activity of a teacher undergoes qualitative changes. In the conditions of digitalisation of education, the school needs a multi-profile professional with digital literacy and competence. The questionnaire survey of teachers working in psycho-pedagogical classes conducted in the course of the empirical study revealed the teachers' adherence to the traditional roles of a mentor and an organiser of the learning process and the formation of competencies in the field of integrative activity (a teacher is an integrator of students' knowledge, skills and abilities). The presented analytical and empirical data are based on modern Russian and foreign experience and take into account the specifics of the Tula region.

FORMATION OF RESEARCH AND COGNITIVE ACTIVITY OF STUDENTS

The article examines the issues of developing research and cognitive activity among students at the Dagestan State Pedagogical University (DSPU). In the context of rapid changes in information technologies and education, the focus is placed on the problems and methods of activating these aspects. The authors analyze the external and internal factors influencing students' cognitive activity and the motivations underlying the pursuit of knowledge and professional growth. An empirical study is presented, identifying the main obstacles to the formation of students' activity and suggesting solutions, including through the use of interactive teaching methods, case methods, project work, laboratory and practical classes, as well as brainstorming and technological tools. Purpose. The study aims to stimulate and enhance the research and cognitive activity of students at the Dagestan State Pedagogical University to improve the quality of higher education and form professionals capable of independent professional activity. Method and methodology. Application of a comprehensive approach, including the analysis of theoretical foundations of educational psychology, investigation of current interactive learning methods, and assessment of the practical application of the acquired knowledge in the educational process Results. Development and integration of interactive teaching methods, such as role-playing games, simulations, case methods, and project work, that demonstrate improved student motivation, activity, and quality of education. Scope of the results: higher education, particularly pedagogical universities and colleges, where the innovation can be integrated into teaching programs to develop critical thinking and independent research skills among future professionals.

LABOR VALUES IN THE PERCEPTION OF THE MILLENNIAL GENERATION IN THE CONDITIONS OF DIGITALIZATION

The purpose of the article is to explore the perception of work values as a marker of identity by the millennial generation in the context of the global digitalization of society. The millennial generation, being a significant part of the country’s economically active population, demonstrates its understanding of decent work, expressed in work preferences and value orientations, which, in turn, serves to determine the identity of this age group. Digitalization has contributed to the development and diversification of the employment sector by offering alternative forms, which has greatly changed the understanding of decent work. Based on data from a sociological study of formalized interviews among representatives of the millennial generation (n = 300), the key components of work values and their influence on the professional activity of representatives of the generation being studied were identified. The desire of millennials for career growth and professional self-improvement as the main labor value has been established; we can talk about a balance between external and internal labor orientations. It was revealed that an integral part of decent work for them is the presence of an expanded social package, including voluntary health insurance (VHI), and flexible work schedules. Millennials demonstrate high adaptability to changing conditions of the labor market and openness to innovation in organizing the labor process, which is manifested in a preference for remote forms of employment, opportunities for retraining and development. In the future, it is possible to study the attitudes towards work of millennials and centennials from a comparative perspective. The results of the article are of interest to those specializing in the field of sociology of labor and sociology of youth. The sociological research data can be used in the practical organization of labor activities to optimize personnel management and create a corporate culture that meets the needs of the new generation of workers.

Characterizing narrative feedback and predictors of feedback content on an entrustable professional activity (EPA) assessment tool

PurposeAlthough EPA assessment tools generally allow for narrative feedback, limited data exist defining characteristics and predictors of such feedback. We explored narrative feedback characteristics and their associations with entrustment, case-specific variables, and faculty/trainee characteristics.MethodsOur general surgery residency piloted an intraoperative Entrustable Professional Activities (EPA) assessment tool in 2022. The tool included an entrustment score, four sub-scores, and narrative feedback. Given strong intercorrelations (r = 0.45–0.69) and high reliability (α = 0.84) between sub-scores, we summed the four sub-scores into a composite score. We coded narrative feedback for valence (reinforcing vs constructive), specificity (specific vs general), appreciation (recognizing or rewarding trainee), coaching (offering a better way to do something), and evaluation (assessing against set of standards). Multivariable regression analyzed associations between feedback characteristics and entrustment score, composite score, PGY level, case difficulty, trainee/faculty gender, gender matching, faculty years in practice, faculty case volume with trainees, faculty evaluation score, and trainees’ under-represented in medicine (URiM) status.ResultsForty-six faculty completed 325 intraoperative EPA assessments for 44 trainees. Narrative feedback had high valence (82%) and specificity (80%). Comments frequently contained appreciation (89%); coaching (51%) and evaluation (38%) were less common. We found that faculty gender, trainee gender, and gender match predicted feedback characteristics. Generally, entrustment level, composite score, and PGY level correlated with feedback types (Table).ConclusionEntrustment and performance relate to the type of feedback received. Gender and gender match resulted in different types of feedback. Evaluative feedback was the least prevalent and warrants further exploration since evaluation is critical for learning.