Production Of New Generation Research Articles

Material concepts for top of rail friction management – Classification, characterisation and application

The concept of managing and adjustment of friction between the wheel and rail has a long history within the operation of railways systems. In the past, adjustment/management has been limited to gauge face lubrication and the use of sanding equipment. The introduction of the top of rail (TOR) friction modifier (FM) over the last 20 years now allows for the modification of the friction at the top of rail–wheel tread interface. This paper focusses on the concept of TOR friction adjustment. Recent developments have led to a new generation of products, defined here as, TOR lubricants (oil and/or grease-based) and hybrid materials (oil/water mixtures), which are non-drying or slow drying. Definitions and functional difference are detailed and contrasted with that of the water-based drying FM. The water-based TOR-FM once applied rapidly dries, mixes with the existing third-body layer, and allows for the accommodation of shear displacement. TOR lubricants and hybrid materials rely on mixed boundary layer lubrication, contrary to application of the water-based TOR-FM. It has been shown that the adhesion level is highly influenced by the lubricant application rates. The risks and benefits (lateral force reduction, corrugation mitigation, and impact on energy consumption and influence on rolling contact fatigue) are discussed for all product classifications. However, a lack of data exists for the TOR lubricants especially in the area of rolling contact fatigue where laboratory studies have identified the possibility of crack interaction. Whilst it can be seen that TOR lubricants have the ability to provide similar benefits to that of a water-based FM, they exhibit a strong dependency on the application rate which may lend itself to adhesion and RCF issues. Further work is recommended in this area.

Productividad de recursos humanos, innovación de producto y desempeño exportador: Una investigación empírica

Purpose: The objective of this research is to examine the relationships between human resource (HR) productivity, product innovation, and export performance of the Spanish manufacturing SMEs. Our central proposition is that HR productivity enables the development of product innovation to increase firms’ export performance.Design/methodology: The proposed conceptual model, is tested using the technique of variance-based structural equation modeling and the estimation method of partial least squares, on a sample of 858 Spanish manufacturing SMEs.Findings: The empirical analysis supports our theory.Research limitations/implications: This research only focuses on the role of product, innovation in the relationship between HR productivity and export performance. Further research may study the mediating role of organizational capabilities based on other types of innovation (e.g., process, organizational, or marketing innovation).Practical implications: Suggest to entrepreneurs of SMEs, that increased HR productivity can lead to such impacts are captured by innovation, resulting in the generation of new products, which will lead demand shocks, and consequently a higher increase in firms’ exports.Originality/value: This research explains conceptually and empirically shows, that product innovation is a key intermediate mechanism, through which the Spanish manufacturing SME can increase its export results by exploiting the productivity of its talent base.

Overall Evaluation of Produced Flavored Low Lactose Milk Powder for Lactose Intolerants

<p>One of the ways that can prevent lactose intolerant refuge to use dairy products is generation of new products<br />which is easily accessible.<br />In this study, flavored (banana, cocoa) low-lactose milk powder, flavored (banana and cocoa) milk powder,<br />low-lactose milk powder and milk powder were produced using a co-current spray dryer. The inlet and outlet<br />temperature was 145°C and 75°C, respectively.<br />Moisture, fat and lactose of treatments were measured and carbohydrates were compared also. Samples which<br />treated with enzyme (lactase, 0.15%) are bare of harmful carbohydrate for lactose intolerant and they can<br />reconstitute this powder for using and benefit the nutritional matters of milk without any side effects.<br />After reconstituting of samples, sensory evaluation was investigated. Investigations revealed that flavored<br />low-lactose milk accepted as a new product that doesn’t have disadvantages of low-lactose milk because of its<br />sweetness taste and flavored milk because of adding sugar (6-7%).</p>

Next Generation of Smart Sensorless Drives for Sustainable Underwater Vehicles

Abstract: Both Autonomous and Remotely Operated Underwater Vehicle play a key role in the development of offshore industrial installations assuring both cost and safety improvements in a very harsh environment. In order to improve performances, reliability and sustainability of underwater robotics, there is the need of a new generation of motors and drives devoted to this kind of applications. In this work authors focus their attention to most interesting aspect of the development of this new generation of products, introducing design examples and results of experimental activities performed on motors installed on Tifone, Marta and Feel Hippo AUVs

Espresso: A stream cipher for 5G wireless communication systems

The demand for more efficient ciphers is a likely to sharpen with new generation of products and applications. Previous cipher designs typically focused on optimizing only one of the two parameters - hardware size or speed, for a given security level. In this paper, we present a methodology for designing a class of stream ciphers which takes into account both parameters simultaneously. We combine the advantage of the Galois configuration of NLFSRs, short propagation delay, with the advantage of the Fibonacci configuration of NLFSRs, which can be analyzed formally. According to our analysis, the presented stream cipher Espresso is the fastest among the ciphers below 1500 GE, including Grain-128 and Trivium.

WAYS TO INCREASE THE SILICON LEVEL IN THE NEW GENERATION FOOD PRODUCTS

In this report the authors consider the possibility of increasing the silicon content in food products of new generation - crisps and cocktail Altyn Astyk (golden grain). The authors have presented results of clinical research on effects of crisp bread on patients with a celiac disease and influence of cocktail on contents of silicon and calcium are in human tissues (blood, brain, vessels).

Reinvention, Revolution and Revitalization: Real Life Tales from Publishing’s Front Lines

Over the past 10 years the publishing industry has undergone major changes with the shift from format driven print publishing to the dynamic delivery of information to users in a variety of digital and printed formats. These changes have affected all aspects of the publishing business including the technology platforms and product development processes. This paper will survey these areas and discuss (1) The principals of the information delivery platforms powering the new generation of products; (2) Strategies for innovation and product development including; (a) Innovation Hubs: enabling new products while maintaining the core; (b) Data driven publishing: the complete picture of your users and markets; (c) Contextual delivery to better deliver information beyond the traditional touch points of publishing and research. These strategies will allow publishing and information provider organizations to reinvent themselves in the continuing digital revolution and are key to bringing new vitality to the ever-changing role of publisher and information provider.

Does Cultural Diversity of Migrant Employees Affect Innovation?

Increasing international labor migration has important effects on the workforce composition of firms in all migrant-receiving countries. The consequences of these changes for firm performance have attracted growing attention in recent years. In this paper, we focus explicitly on the impact of cultural diversity among migrant employees on the innovativeness of firms. We briefly synthesize empirical evidence from a range of contexts across Europe, North America, and New Zealand. We then utilize two unique and harmonized linked employer–employee datasets to provide comparative microeconometric evidence for Germany and the Netherlands. Our panel datasets contain detailed information on the generation of new products and services, determinants of innovation success, and the composition of employment in establishments of firms over the period 1999 to 2006. We find that innovation in both countries is predominantly determined by establishment size and industry. Moreover, obstacles encountered and organizational changes faced by firms drive innovation too. With respect to the composition of employment, the presence of high-skilled staff is most important. Cultural diversity of employees has a positive partial correlation with product innovation. The size and statistical significance of this effect depends on the econometric model specification and the country considered. We conclude from the literature synthesis and the new comparative evidence that cultural diversity of employees can make a positive, but modest and context dependent, contribution to innovation.

ESTS Presidential Address. Education motivation... inspiration of Generation Y. The evolution of our species.

The academic environment is intellectually dynamic and is constantly evolving and transforming itself. The profound changes in academic medicine and health-care delivery are due to multiple factors and are making the traditional model of faculty development obsolete. These modifications are mainly related to a decrease in government support and to changes in the sophistication, costs and funding of biomedical research. They are also related to the evolution of reimbursement systems for hospitals and physicians, to a general loss of respect for the medical and scientifi cp rofessions and to radical changes in the structure of the health-care delivery system. However, these modifications are also linked to the evolution of motivations and values among different generations and their interaction with new technologies. The art of mentorship, which relies upon the mentor–mentee relationship, is clearly affected by these changes. In fact, intergenerational differences may have become so striking that they are causing misunderstanding and incomprehension. They may also interfere with learning objectives, patient care and administrative management of medical institutions, consequently raising barriers to mentoring [1]. The impact also may be felt in hiring, work habits and financial decisions [2]. Current residency applicants belong to Generation Y and are significantly different from previous trainees and the faculty who supervise them. They live in an era with incredible and exciting opportunities in medicine and research. The analysis of intergenerational differences in the workplace is crucial to improve communication, which should lead to a modification of the mechanisms for resident attraction, recruitment and management, as well as of educational paradigms. Academic leadership should evolve and adapt to the changing world in order to pursue highquality objectives and keep high educational standards. This should, in turn, contribute to the production of new generations of high-level educators and mentors.

Bioengineered Skin Substitute Considerations in the Diabetic Foot Ulcer

Diabetes constitutes a global emergency with case numbers increasing exponentially every year. Diabetic foot ulcers are the leading cause of nontraumatic lower limb amputations. A complex background of pathophysiologic events has been identified with advances in molecular biology such that newer interventions are possible. Bioengineered skin substitutes currently play an important role in the diabetic foot ulcer, particularly in the "stalled" wounds that fail to show progress in their healing trajectory. However, newer designs and scaffold incorporation may herald a new generation of products with more focused targeting of these pathophysiologic events. The major background impairment is that of vasculogenesis brought about as a direct result of hyperglycemia, advanced glycation end product/methylglyoxal generation, and its direct effect on endothelial progenitor cell production and attraction to the wound site. At the same time, glycation end products affect immunity and inflammation, increasing the susceptibility to infection. Thus, reactive oxygen species scavengers, methylglyoxal scavengers, vascular endothelial growth factor stimulators as well as various lipids and neuropeptides are all potential agents that could be incorporated into such templates. The logical sequence of events and possible interventions is detailed. In this manner, intrinsic healing is encouraged in preference to our current attempts at adding unknown quantities of specialized cellular and growth factor components which seem to provide very temporary advantages.

Optimal Capacity Conversion for Product Transitions Under High Service Requirements

We consider the capacity planning problem during a product transition in which demand for a new-generation product gradually replaces that for the old product. Capacity for the new product can be acquired both by purchasing new production lines and by converting existing production lines for the old product. Furthermore, in either case, the new product capacity is “retrofitted” to be flexible, i.e., to be able to also produce the old product. This capacity planning problem arises regularly at Intel, which served as the motivating context for this research. We formulate a two-product capacity planning model to determine the equipment purchase and conversion schedule, considering (i) time-varying and uncertain demand, (ii) dedicated and flexible capacity, (iii) inventory and equipment costs, and (iv) a chance-constrained service-level requirement. We develop a solution approach that accounts for the risk-pooling benefit of flexible capacity (a closed-loop planning approach) and compare it with a solution that is similar to Intel's current practice (an open-loop planning approach). We evaluate both approaches with a realistic but disguised example and show that the closed-loop planning solution leads to savings in both equipment and inventory costs and matches more closely the service-level targets for the two products. Our numerical experiments illuminate the cost trade-offs between purchasing new capacity and converting old capacity and between a level capacity plan versus a chase capacity plan.

Globalisation of R&D and host-country patenting of multinational corporations in emerging countries

The globalisation of RD 2) the generation of new products at selected lead markets in emerging countries; 3) the growing participation of host-country inventors in patenting activities.

Influence of Buckwheat Addition on Physical Properties, Texture and Sensory Characteristics of Extruded Corn Snacks

Corn (maize), rice or buckwheat products play an important role in the nutrition of people with gluten intolerance (celiac disease), who cannot consume bakery, pasta or snack products made from commonly used raw materials. Those diseases have been connected with life-long intolerance to a gliadin fraction of wheat and also to other prolamines: rye (secalin), barley (hordein) and possibly oats (avenin) [Counts & Sierpina, 2006; Wronkowska et al., 2008]. Specific physicochemical properties of raw materials of corn and buckwheat, such as high starch content, proteins with a low content of α-gliadin fraction, dietary lipids, no gluten, hypoallergenic, many valuable compounds (flavonoids, rutin), trace elements, dietary fibre and delicate flavour, make them very desirable in the production of a new generation of products and convenience foods intended for specific audiences [Kreft et al., 2006; Wronkowska et al., 2008]. Protein content in buckwheat flour has been reported in the range from 8.5 to 18.9%, depending on the origin and variety [Krkoskova & Mrazova, 2005]. Buckwheat protein is gluten-free, which may increase the assortment of products for consumers suffering from celiac disease [Moroni et al., 2011] and have a high biological value due to the well-balanced amino-acid composition, although their digestibility is relatively low [Wronkowska & Soral-Śmietana, 2008]. The only method of therapy is a gluten-free diet based

TYPOLOGY OF MARKETING STRATEGIES FOR COMPANIES OF FOOD INDUSTRY

The paper presents the typology of marketing strategies for food industry companies in Poland. The aim of this article is to determine the most effective strategies for food industry sector in Poland. The results of estimation of the selected food markets attractiveness (based on Porter’s 5 forces analysis) and segmentation (based on cyclical study TGI) are the base of typology of marketing strategies. Presented typology of marketing strategies based on research conducted in the period 1998-2012. In the framework of food industry there were selected the following branches for segmentation research: dairy, meat and edible fats. The results of research allowed to determination of possibilities of implementation of marketing strategies on the selected food markets. There are possibilities of wider use of strategies of market penetration and development and strategy of influencing on purchasers. The next recommended group are strategies of cooperation with partners in the field of distribution and strategy of the cost leadership, especially for large companies, which benefit from economies of scale. Next proposal is connected with differentiation strategy recommended for producers of new-generation products.

Operationalizing a Behavioral Finance Risk Model: A Theoretical and Empirical Framework

To keep up with the rather fast-growing interest in the discipline of Behavioral Finance and Economics caused in part by the new realities of the post-200S world, and the realities prevailing over three decades before and leading up to that year- there is a discernible need for the production of new generations of testable and yet more realistic models and theories as guides for financial and economic decision makers everywhere. The present work is one such attempt in that direction. This writing first improves upon a recently developed, and real-life-inspired, Behavioral Finance Risk Model (Yazdipour, 2011) and then offers a specific methodology for testing it.

The expansion into overseas markets of Kyoto city’s traditional-crafts sector

This study examined the current industrial structure of traditional tie-dyeing in Kyoto, as well as the results of the revitalization project known as “the Kyoto Premium program” in relation to the challenges faced by Japanese firms when it comes to opening up overseas markets. Kyoto traditional craft industries depend on China for some of their production processes and it is very important for manufacturers to be in possession of a business strategy that anticipates the building of company brands and the generation of new products. The author shows that the project referred to above provides for both an expansion into overseas markets and the promotion of brand values on the market for traditional crafts.

Photolysis of enrofloxacin and removal of its photodegradation products from water by reverse osmosis and nanofiltration membranes

Photolysis in natural aquatic environment might be an important elimination process for the light sensitive antibiotics, such as fluoroquinolones. Photolytic degradation of antibiotics present in wastewaters and natural aquifers can result in generation of new products that may be even more toxic than the parent compound. Therefore, it is important to identify these products and to remove them before entering, for example, drinking water sources, whereby the role of membrane processes is irreplaceable.In this study photodegradation of enrofloxacin (ENRO) in aquatic media was performed at two different pH values, 4 and 8. Four and three photodegradation products (PDPs) with different molecular weight were identified at pH 4 and 8, respectively. All of them, together with the enrofloxacin as the parent compound were removed almost completely (>99%) by reverse osmosis (RO) and tight nanofiltration (NF) membranes, while by loose NF membranes >92%, except for the smallest PDP with HL membrane (37%) at pH 8. The minimum amount of the compounds in the permeate is the proof that most of the selected RO/NF membranes make an effective barrier for them. The size exclusion was the main rejection mechanism, while the physico-chemical interactions and electrostatic repulsion/attraction probably had influence on the overall rejection by loose NF membranes for the smaller photodegradation products of ENRO.

Artificial and natural weathering of fire proofed wood cladding

Using wood in the French construction industry is not a fade but a real trend and this natural raw material is being used more frequently, especially in public or community buildings. As France has strict and demanding fire regulations, all construction materials, including wood, should comply with these rules (1). Even though wood is a very versatile and unique material, one of its weaknesses is poor fire reaction. This issue has to be solved for certain wood applications such as cladding. Effectiveness of treatment is well documented, however little information on fire reaction behaviour in real exterior conditions compared to artificial weathering can be found in the literature. An intensive and collective work has been published (2) (3) leading to a proposal of a new weathering procedure, that requires complex, newly design equipment (4) (5). Since this equipment is not readily available, this research uses techniques designed for testing finishes (6). The aim of this work is to investigate the applicability of these methods to basic boron and phosphorous-treated wood products and a new generation of products intended for exterior use.

Aiming high, but investing little

The French government has ambitious goals to make France a leading nation for synthetic biology research, but it still needs to put its money where its mouth is and provide the field with dedicated funding and other support.

From “blockbusters” to “biosimilars”: An opportunity for patients, medical specialists and health care providers

Advances in basic research and research and development plans of pharmaceutical companies are radically changing the kind of available drugs and therapeutic targets. We are switching from predominantly chemical molecules, aimed at treating large populations of patients (blockbuster drugs), to a new generation of products, mostly biotech, aimed at modifying a specific pathogenetic mechanism. In other word we are moving fast to targeted therapy, which represents the first step toward personalized therapy, where the right drug at the right dose is administered to the right person, at the right time.Like the patent expiration of chemical products has corresponded to the development of generic drugs, the expiration of new biotech products will witness the appearance of biosimilars. The latter are biologic products that are highly similar but not identical to the reference medical products in terms of quality, safety and efficacy. This implies specific research, clinical monitoring, physicians updating of knowledge for a safe and appropriate use of these products.We are the beginning of a devolution in patient's care and physicians' practice.