Product Differentiation Research Articles

Implementation of Differentiation Learning In SMK Negeri 9 Padang

This research was motivated by the discovery of different learning styles and characteristics of students, which became a challenge for culinary teachers. This research aims to describe the process of implementing differentiated learning in the culinary skills program at SMK Negeri 9 Padang starting from the initial stages, implementation, to evaluation. This type of research is descriptive research with a qualitative approach using the case study method. The informants for this research were 5 culinary teachers at SMK Negeri 9 Padang. The technique for taking informants uses the Purposive Sampling technique. Data collection techniques are carried out by conducting interviews, observation and documentation. In order to increase the accuracy of the data, the author tested the validity of the data by means of data triangulation. Next, the data is analyzed by collecting the data obtained, reducing the data, presenting the data, and drawing conclusions. The research results show that the initial stage of differentiated learning is carried out by planning lessons, teachers also attend various training and seminars to increase their skills and knowledge in implementing differentiated learning. The implementation of differentiated learning is divided into several activities according to the teaching module design. These learning activities are differentiated based on three components, namely content differentiation in the form of involving students in group assignments; process differentiation in the form of the use of learning video teaching media, textbooks, oral explanations, as well as the formation of study groups, and product differentiation in the form of practice with groups with different products so that students can learn from other groups, presentations in front of the class, and individual assignments. Evaluation of differentiated learning is carried out by teachers with assessments which include assessments at the beginning of the learning process, assessments during the learning process, and assessments at the end of learning which are used to see students' abilities in understanding and remembering lesson material.

Pengaruh Diferensiasi Produk,Penetapan Harga,dan kualitas Produk Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Produk

The purpose of this study was to examine product differentiation on product purchasing decisions (Case Study at the Padang Center Batik Palace), to test pricing for product purchasing decisions (Case Study at the Padang Center Batik Palace), to test product quality on product purchasing decisions (Case Study at the Palace of Batik Center Padang). Type of Research This type of research is in the form of quantitative research. Sampling method using the lemeshow formula as many as 100 respondents. Data analysis techniques used were validity, reliability, descriptive analysis, normality test, multicollinearity test, heteroscedasticity test, multiple regression analysis, and t test. The results of the study show that differentiation has a positive and significant effect on product purchasing decisions (Case Study at the Batik Center Palace in Padang). Pricing has a positive and significant effect on product purchasing decisions (Case Study at the Palace of Batik Center Padang). And product quality has a positive and significant effect on product purchasing decisions (Case Study at the Padang Center Batik Palace).

Words matter: descriptors for nicotine that comes from tobacco and descriptors for synthetic nicotine that is created in a laboratory differentially impact understanding of nicotine source and risk perceptions

BackgroundNicotine products increasingly contain synthetic nicotine made in a lab (NML), not from tobacco. ‘Tobacco-free nicotine’ is most often used to describe NML commercially, but other descriptors are emerging (eg,...

Entrepreneurial alertness: A mechanism for innovation and growth in an emerging economy

AbstractIn this study, we draw from the conservation of resources theory to develop and test a model on the processes through which resiliency influences two entrepreneurial strategies, product differentiation and international diversification. Results from 226 entrepreneurs in Pakistan demonstrate that psychological resiliency predicts product diversification and international diversification through entrepreneurial alertness. Also, we find that institutional voids moderate the relationship between entrepreneurial alertness, product diversification, and international diversification. Our theorizing advances entrepreneurial alertness as a lynchpin variable for operationalizing founders’ characteristics to affect innovation and expansion efforts. Furthermore, by demonstrating the complementary effect of institutional voids on the entrepreneurial alertness–product differentiation and entrepreneurial alertness–international diversification relationships, we draw the attention of entrepreneurs to the brighter side of institutional voids. This is an important addition to international entrepreneurship literature and a critical contextual contribution to entrepreneurial alertness theory development because limited attention is devoted to examining how resiliency promotes entrepreneurial alertness for facilitating product differentiation and international diversification strategies in the Asia Pacific region.

Manajemen Pembelajaran Berdiferensiasi PAI Kurikulum Merdeka Pada SMKN 1 Bakam

This research is based on failure and ignorance in managing learning for teachers, students and the learning process. Learning using conventional methods (teacher center) without distinguishing between the various characteristics of students results in monotonous learning and tends to be more passive. Therefore, religious learning and morals have not shown results that are in accordance with educational goals and the application of PAI learning in everyday life is less than optimal. This causes complex moral degradation in students both as perpetrators and victims. The aim of writing this thesis is to explain PB management and its implementation in PAI lessons at SMKN 1 Bakam. This type of research is qualitative research with descriptive methods and uses a phenomenological approach. The data collection methods used were interviews, observation and documentation. Then the data is analyzed using a data reduction pattern, data presentation followed by drawing conclusions. The data collection technique was carried out using purposive sampling followed by testing the validity of the data in the form of triangulation. This research was conducted at a vocational school center of excellence as a pilot project. PAI differentiated learning management in the independent curriculum at SMKN 1 Bakam uses 5 patterns, namely: (a) Preparation of KOSP (vision, mission and goals); (b) Preparation of learning administration and learning tools; (c) Implementation of differentiated learning; (d) Carry out academic supervision; (e) Formative assessment and summative assessment. Management of differentiated learning implementation is carried out with steps: 1). Develop learning administration (effective week, prota, prosem) and learning tools (CP, TP, ATP and teaching modules); 2). Conditioning teaching materials with methods, media and learning environments; 3). Carry out differentiated learning with steps: Pre-activity (non-cognitive and cognitive assessment); initial activities of content differentiation (material, interests and learning styles); core activities of process differentiation (use of methods, models and media), product differentiation (goods, services); Concluding activities with formative assessment activities; 4). Conduct learning assistance; 5). Conduct summative assessments

A systematic literature review on environmental, agronomic, and socioeconomic factors for the integration of small-scale coffee producers into specialized markets in Oaxaca, Mexico

The coffee sector’s challenges, such as low and volatile prices, prompt adopting strategies focused on product differentiation, including high-quality specialty coffee. Nevertheless, documented evidence shows that small producers in Oaxaca, Mexico, are not equally benefiting from this market opportunity compared to other states in Mexico, such as Veracruz or Chiapas. This review article identifies and analyzes the factors in integrating small Oaxacan producers into the specialty market. A total of 138 scientific contributions were analyzed, emphasizing three thematic axes: (1) Trends and behavior of the coffee market. (2) Factors to enable the production of high-quality coffee, and (3) Current situation and challenges of small coffee producers in the specialized market. We found that coffee quality depends on the environment (mainly altitude, temperature, and geographical conditions) and agronomic, genetic, and socio-economic factors. Moreover, agronomic and genetic factors should focus on choosing coffee varieties suited to the environmental conditions of the farm and adopting innovations in production, harvest, and post-harvest processes. The most significant socio-economic factors that hinder small coffee producers’ participation in the specialized market include but are not limited to, lack of information, social connection, and financial resources. However, in the literature analyzed here, it was also possible to identify specific farmworker experiences that operate with a community approach and have inserted their small producers into high-quality market transactions. For this reason, this article suggests that the standardization model of quality from the collective approach within the community-based enterprise is a sustainable and inclusive alternative to achieve the goal: the insertion of small Oaxacan coffee producers into the more significant specialty market.

Pengaruh Harga Dan Diferensiasi Produk Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Pada Rumah Makan Sagala Sunda

The aim of this research is to determine the partial and simultaneous influence of price and product differences on purchasing choices at the Sagala Sunda Restaurant. This research method uses quantitative, which is based on certain groups or samples based on the principles of positivism. The research population consisted of customers who ate at the Sagala Sunda Restaurant, resulting in a sample size of 150 people. Data examination includes instrument analysis to assess validity and reliability, classical assumption tests such as normality tests, heteroscedasticity tests, and multicollinearity tests, hypothesis tests such as t tests and F tests, multiple linear regression analysis, and calculating the coefficient of determination. The findings from this research show that price and product differentiation have a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions at the Sagala Sunda Restaurant. In addition, it is shown that these two variables together contribute 78.5% of the impact on purchasing decisions.

Analysis of Product Differentiation and Product Innovation on the Decision to Take Credit Through Competitive Advantage at Pt. Wahana Ottomitra Multiartha (WOM Finance) Sidoarjo Branch

The objectives of this research are to determine (1) the effect of product differentiation on the decision to take credit, (2) the effect of product innovation on the decision to take credit, (3) the effect of product differentiation on the decision to take credit through competitive advantage, and (4) the effect of product innovation on the decision to take credit through competitive advantage. The population in this study comprises 2,703 customers at PT. WOM Finance Sidoarjo Branch who have been regular customers for more than two years. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling, and the analysis method used is Partial Least Square (PLS). The results of this study indicate that (1) product differentiation can directly contribute to the decision to take credit, (2) product innovation can directly contribute to the decision to take credit, (3) product differentiation can contribute to the decision to take credit through competitive advantage, and (4) product innovation can contribute to the decision to take credit through competitive advantage.

Carbon pricing and airline network selection: A four-network perspective

This paper investigates how variations in aviation carbon pricing influence the network choices of airlines and social planner. Beyond the traditional direct-flight (DF) network, hub-and-spoke (HS) network and mixed (MX) network, we incorporate the 2-hub (2 H) network into our analysis. The findings reveal that as carbon pricing costs increase, the optimal network configuration for airlines progresses sequentially through 2 H, MX and DF. This suggests that due to horizontal product differentiation, the inclusion of 2 H in the model renders the HS network—which is widely utilized by numerous major airlines—no longer the optimal choice for airlines. From the perspective of social planner, the optimal network configuration undergoes a progression from HS, 2 H, HS, MX, DF, MX to DF as carbon pricing costs rise. While the HS network may not align with the optimal choice for airlines, it has the potential to be the socially optimal network. Furthermore, the transition of socially optimal networks exhibits discontinuities, resulting in significant deviations from the network decisions made by airlines. Overall, this paper broadens the scope of network choices available to airlines by incorporating the 2 H network and offers theoretical insights for policy formulation by both airlines and society within the context of aviation carbon offset.

Product differentiation of Sarawak premium rice using MOS gas sensors: comparison between transient and frequency response

In Malaysia, rice, ranked as the third most crucial crop, faces challenges due to domestic consumption outpacing production, resulting in increased instances of rice adulteration. This underscores the imperative of maintaining integrity and quality standards across the entire supply chain. This study uses an electronic nose, comprising four metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) gas sensors, and employing temperature modulation, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and supervised machine learning (classification models) to distinguish rice varieties such as Bario, Bajong, Borneo Fragrant, Biris, and Jasmine. The study evaluated 30 classifiers based on their classification and validation accuracy. Sensor data was first extracted from the transient response of sensors output voltage, yielding a 12-dimension dataset with response times of 30 s, 50 s, and 95 s. Classification models trained from this dataset achieved classification (training) accuracy of up to 100% and validation accuracy of up to 96%, where the best performing models are subspace discriminant and kernel naïve bayes classifiers. An attempt was also made to analyze the sensor data frequency response for rice classification. Comparison between the prediction results in the transient and frequency domains showed that transient response is better suited for the classification of rice.

Profiling of Tayammum Clay Product in Malaysia by Spectroscopic-Chemometric Approach

Tayammum is a dry purifying method that uses earthen materials, mostly clay. The technique is applied when there is no access to water or in specific circumstances, such as when a person has susceptible skin on water. In tayammum, Islamic law describes clay as pure dust or soil used as a cleansing agent. Nevertheless, no scientific report examined the components of clay present in tayammum clay. Therefore, this study aimed to characterise and profile the mineral composition of tayammum clay, which is a commercially available product in Malaysia. Twelve commercial clay samples and one representative sample were analysed by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy in the range of 4000 to 600 cm-1. PCA exploratory analysis clearly demonstrated the differentiation of the tayammum clay product into seven groups according to its functional group. Following the FTIR analysis, the samples underwent examination using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometers further to identify the mineral and element composition of the clay, respectively. The XRD analysis indicated that there were possibly four types of mineral powder commonly distributed in the market for Tayammum purposes which are three types of clay: palygorskite, kaolinite, and phengite, and another one is zeolite-type: Na-heulandite. All four of them are common materials used for adsorbent and cleansing purposes.

Product differentiation, quality, and milk price stability: The case of the Swiss cheese market

AbstractWe investigate potential linkages between product and quality differentiation in the cheese markets and raw milk producer prices. We analyze the co‐movements of producer prices of milk delivered to cheese processing channels with different differentiation strategies, namely industrial, artisanal, and artisanal cheese with geographical indications (GI) in the Swiss dairy market. We find that overall, product and quality differentiation in cheese markets helps milk producers achieve higher and more stable prices. Additional GI protection does not guarantee further enhancement of producer prices. Rather, its effectiveness may depend largely on the strength of GI protection and the governance of producer organizations.

Analysis of Millennial Entrepreneur Business Strategy Based on Digital Technology in Sidenreng Rappang Regency

This study examines the business strategies applied by millennial entrepreneurial students in Sidenreng Rappang Regency, South Sulawesi. These students are engaged in various business sectors such as food and beverages, fashion, cosmetics, services, art and design, and digital business. The primary purpose of the study is to analyze the strategies used in responding to business opportunities, competitive advantages, contributions to entrepreneurship learning in higher education, and obstacles and solutions faced by students. With a qualitative phenomenological approach, this study explores the experiences of young entrepreneurs in taking advantage of market opportunities that other entrepreneurs often ignore. Students utilize business model innovation theory by considering factors such as understanding consumer behavior, product differentiation, service quality, and location and network. Entrepreneurship learning in higher education makes an essential contribution to equipping students with an understanding of business strategies and their application in actual practice. Of the ten respondents, five have participated in entrepreneurship seminars and training, while the other five are self-taught and through campus activities. These two methods are considered influential in shaping entrepreneurial skills and mindsets. The challenges faced by millennial entrepreneurs, as well as the solutions they implement, show relevance to modern management theory. This research provides insight into how entrepreneurship education and training can support student business development.

Organic Product Labels: The Credence towards Customers Choice of Buying Behaviour

Purpose: The organic food sales are not gaining more potential, due to limited buyers, because the customers have a paucity of product labels. This distrust has highly affected the company's profits. The purpose of the study is to ease these sceptics nature which is crucial for the organic food chain and also the government, emphasizing the necessity to enhance trust and openness in compliance. In order to ensure the credibility of the certified labels, companies have to adopt a set of rules and standards which result in a long-term effect on eco-favoured customers, and trust in the organic label creates a positive impact on customer choice of buying behaviour. Besides, companies also focus on conveying the right messages, so that customers can differentiate organic products from conventional ones. Design: This literature highlights various issues pertaining to the organic product label and customers’ choice of buying behaviour, and data is obtained from multiple reviews of literature, journals, and case studies. Findings: Labelling strategy may reduce information asymmetry between customers and the company because labelling strategy may influence product differentiation. Originality/Value: Studies encompass the certification scheme which is necessary for labelling organic products. Studies identify reading the labels customers easily identify product attributes that serve as a medium between company and end-users. Moreover, green labels, eco-labels, energy labels, and organic labels serve as certificates of organic products. Paper Type: Case study

PENGARUH DIFERENSIASI PRODUK, DIGITAL MARKETING DAN KEBIJAKAN HARGA TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN WISATAWAN MENGINAP DI THE COMPASS ROSE UBUD

AbstractThe tourism industry is an important sector in national development. Bali is a province in Indonesia which is well known for having extraordinary tourism potential. Hotel is an accommodation facility that provides lodging facilities as well as food and beverage services which are commercial in nature and are growing rapidly. The beauty of the beaches in Bali can be an added value for the hotel itself and an attraction for tourists who will stay at that place. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of Product Differentiation, Digital Marketing and Pricing Policies on Tourist Decisions di The Compass Rose Ubud.The research location is The Compass Rose Ubud Bali. The method of determining the sample using the method purposive sampling. The sample of this research is consumers or customers who are aged 17 years and over as many as 110 respondents. The analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis.The results of the study show that product differentiation has a positive and significant effect on tourists' decisions at The Compass Rose Ubud. Digital marketing positive and significant effect on tourists' decisions The Compass Rose Ubud. Pricing policy has a positive and significant effect on tourist decisions. Product differentiation, digital marketing and price policy has a positive and significant effect on tourists' decisions The Compass Rose Ubud. Differentiation variables the product has the most dominant influence on tourists' decisions at The Compass Rose Ubud.

The green Fintech paradox: understanding the dynamics of green brand positioning and user decision-making in the digital financial landscape

Purpose The ever-evolving landscape of financial technology (Fintech) has revolutionised payment methods and raised questions about what drives user behaviour in adopting these innovative solutions. This study, using narrative transportation theory as an underpinning theory, aims to investigate into the dynamics of green user behaviour in adopting Fintech payments. Design/methodology/approach This study used a deductive approach, and with data obtained from 635 respondents through the purposive sampling technique, partial least squares structural equation modelling was employed to yield significant insights. Findings The study found a positive association between green brand positioning and product differentiation. However, it unexpectedly didn't impact user attitudes towards Fintech payments. Green brand image and perceived performance positively influenced product differentiation. Perceived product differentiation fully mediated the association between green brand positioning and user attitudes. The study introduced fear of missing out's (FOMO) moderating role, enriching eco-conscious marketing insights and user behaviour understanding. Research limitations/implications This study reveals crucial implications for marketers, policymakers and user experience (UX) designers operating within the Fintech industry. It emphasises green brand positioning's impact on product differentiation, user attitudes and its mediating role. It advocates for sustainability integration, innovation, strategic messaging and user-centric improvements to optimise user perceptions and competitiveness in the evolving Fintech landscape. The study's cross-sectional design may limit the ability to establish causal relationships over time and overlook temporal changes in green Fintech adoption dynamics; thus, longitudinal studies are warranted to better understand the evolving nature of user attitudes and behaviours towards green Fintech payments. Originality/value This study adds novelty to the existing body of literature by introducing the dimension of innovation appeal to green brand positioning and employing narrative transportation theory in the Fintech realm. The findings also add novelty by highlighting the moderating impact of fear of missing out in predicting the association between green brand positioning and product differentiation in the realm of green Fintech and green use behaviour.

Digital Product Differentiation and Firm Performance: Evidence from the Mobile App Market

Digital Product Differentiation and Firm Performance: Evidence from the Mobile App Market

Proposed Marketing Strategy to Increase Revenue Through Product Differentiation (Case Studyat Cement Inc.)

Proposed Marketing Strategy to Increase Revenue Through Product Differentiation (Case Studyat Cement Inc.)

Creativity: Studying the identity of processed meat packaging for retail entrepreneurs in Thailand

The aim of this research was to compare the newly developed processed meat packaging in Thailand’s retail market and to study the factors affecting consumer purchasing decisions. In this study, a mixed methods approach was applied using a structured questionnaire, in which the alpha coefficient was good (0.903), as the research tool. The collected data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and AMOS programs. The packaging comparison results showed that consumers’ satisfaction with the newly developed processed meat packaging led to increased satisfaction. In addition, three factors affecting the new packaging design were identified, which is consistent with the empirical data, and showed discriminant validity that could be applied to separate the factors used to evaluate the customers’ feelings in the retail market. The results also indicated that shelf life extension, product differentiation, and convenience of portability were the vital components affecting consumer purchasing decisions. Thus, entrepreneurs can adapt these three factors to the marketing strategies development of their processed meat packaging in order to maximize the distribution opportunities for their sustainable economic stability in Thailand’s retail market.

Meningkatkan Nilai Tambah Perusahaan sebagai Implikatif Peran Stakeholder Berprinsip Islami

The role of stakeholders is becoming increasingly important in creating added value, especially in the context of Islamic principles which provide an in-depth and holistic view of the concept of corporate value. This research aims to reveal in depth the efforts of PT Pesantren Agrobisnis Agroindustri Mukmin Mandiri in Sidoarjo Regency, an SME owned by an Islamic boarding school, in increasing added value so that it can continue to exist and develop. The research method used is a qualitative case study type, with data collection through direct observation, interviews and document analysis. The research results show that this company has succeeded in increasing added value through product differentiation, further processing, and applying Islamic working principles. These findings contribute to business and management literature, especially for companies that apply Islamic principles, by providing principles for effective and sustainable business strategies.