Production Units Research Articles

Evlogia Eco Care: start-up to scale-up

Learning outcomes After completion of the case study, students will be able to discuss the characteristics of sustainable enterprises driving the innovation; analyze the concept of waste to wealth, along with its associated benefits and challenges; provide an example of a sustainable start-up that operates conventionally and is attempting to increase production capacity through automation; and describe the strategies for scaling up the business. Case overview/synopsis Mr Manigandan Kumarappan’s goal was to provide the world with alternatives to plastic and other nonbiodegradable articles used in homes, offices, hotels and other places which compelled him to leave his corporate life behind and become an entrepreneur. His knowledge, expertise and creativity made him work toward providing a sustainable solution to the plastic-free world which made him create leafy straws for the world. His start-up Evalogia made 10,000 straws a day, mostly with manual production and machine-assisted in part of the processes. Evalogia got orders from all over the world after the ban on plastic from many countries. However, Evalogia was unable to meet the demand, as the manufacturing process mostly depended on manual production at present. Hence, the company planned to scale up its production capacity from 10,000 straws per day to 100,000 straws to meet the demand through automation or by increasing the production units to meet the growing demand from domestic and international markets. Kumarappan wondered if increasing the number of manufacturing facilities would make it harder to hire new staff, manage existing ones, train them and provide overall supervision; if these tasks were not completed well, the product’s quality and, subsequently, its demand, might suffer. The automation process required huge investment, time and a great deal of skepticism for its success. Kumarappan was stuck over whether to add more production units or automate the process to increase production. Complexity academic level This case study is suitable for graduate students. Supplementary materials Teaching notes are available for educators only. Subject code CSS 3: Entrepreneurship.

Seasonal anestrus of sheep flocks

Objective: To determine seasonal anestrus in relation to the season of the year, feeding type, breed, and social environment variables of sheep production systems in Singuilucan, Hidalgo, Mexico. Design/Methodology/Approach: Based on n=41 semi-structured surveys applied to the producers of the study area, a logistic regression analysis was carried out to determine the influence of the study variables on the seasonal anestrus of sheep production systems. Results: Thirty-nine production units with seasonal anestrus periods were identified. Seasonal anestrus was influenced by the season of the year, feeding type, breed, and social environment variables (P<0.05). The anestrus periods were influenced (P<0.05) by spring (season of the year), range and shed system with concentrate feeding (feeding type), wool sheep (breeds), and the presence or absence of rams in the flock (social environment). Study Limitations/Implications: Determining which variables influence seasonal anestrus will help to develop sheep reproductive programs. Findings/Conclusions: Wool sheep have a seasonal anestrus in spring. The season of the year, feeding type, breed, and social environment variables influenced the seasonal anestrus of sheep production systems in Singuilucan, Hidalgo, Mexico.

The economic and financial performance of biogas production: a retrospective analysis of the French case

Purpose While numerous studies have focused on the economic impact of technical changes made to anaerobic digestion plants, there is limited understanding of the overall economic and financial performance of the biogas production units. This study aims to analyse the economic and financial performance of the biogas production sector over a 5-year period using various accounting indicators. Design/methodology/approach The research is based on an examination of financial data of French biogas units over a five-year period (2015–2019). Following a research protocol detailed in the study, 334 units were studied: 192 projects run by farmers, 83 projects run by industrial companies and 59 run by a mixed partnership (farmers, local authorities, and industry). Findings This study reveals that biogas production is performing well both economically and financially, but the performance varies depending on the type of producer: farmers better perform from an economic point of view, while industrialists are looking for financial profitability. Farmers exploit their competitive advantage based on waste disposal. Industrialists offset this disadvantage by a better ability to raise funds to negotiate payment terms and interest rates. Originality/value The originality of the study lies in its business approach. It completes the energy efficiency one which is more usual in energy sector management publications. Additionally, the study spans a five-year period, providing a longitudinal perspective of companies’ economic and financial performance. Furthermore, the data is sourced from reliable government sources.

PROFITABILITY AND ITS DETERMINANTS OF MODERN HONEY PRODUCTION AMONG BENEFICIARIES OF KSAMBTT IN KANO STATE, NIGERIA

The study was conducted to examine the economics of modern honey production and among the beneficiaries of KSAMBTT Kano State, Nigeria. Structured questionnaire were used to collect information from 125 honey producers using multistage sampling techniques. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics, budgetary techniques, and multiple regression model. The study revealed that majority of honey producers were male and married with mean age of 40.27 years, about 87% had one form of education or the other, and a mean of 8 household members. The study also revealed that majority of honey producers had mean production experience of 14 years. The study showed that the average total output per unit of production was 220 liters per year, total cost was N620.70 per liter, and total gross revenue per liter was N1496.80 with net income of N876.10 per liter. Age (p<0.05), marital status (p<0.05), cost of modern equipment (p<0.01), and number of modern beehive (p<0.1) were the factors significantly influencing the profitability of honey production in the study area. The study further indicated that high cost of equipment, scarcity of modern processing equipment and tools and poor management were the major problems affecting honey production in the study area. The study concluded that honey production was a profitable venture in the study area and those farmers that were engaged in the venture obtained good returns. The study recommended that government and non-governmental organizations should organize more honey production trainings at a large scale so as to accommodate more people especially females in the business.

IMPACTO AMBIENTAL POR USO DE PLAGUICIDAS Y SUSTENTABILIDAD DEL SISTEMA PRODUCTIVO DEL MAÍZ AMARILLO DURO EN HUAURA, PERÚ

<p><strong>Background:</strong> Hard yellow maize (MAD) is one of the main crops in economic, social and environmental terms worldwide, however, it is managed through conventional agriculture which entails a high dependence on agrochemical inputs, which cause a negative impact on the agroecosystem and through this study it will be possible to identify the critical points and establish solutions for them. <strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the coefficient of environmental impact of pesticides in the field and find the general sustainability index of the MAD production units. <strong>Objective:</strong> Determine the coefficient of environmental impact of pesticides in the field and find the general sustainability index of the MAD production units. <strong>Methodology:</strong> The environmental impact (EI ha<sup>-1</sup>) of pesticides in the field was evaluated by calculating the environmental impact coefficient (EIQ), concentration of the active ingredient, dose and number of applications. In addition, sustainability was determined through multicriteria analysis by applying 85 questionnaires with structured questions to farmers whose main activity is MAD, with economic, social and environmental indicators standardized on a scale of 1 to 5. <strong>Results:</strong> The study showed that the EI ha<sup>-1</sup> of MAD was 105.11 rated as high, which generates a negative impact on the environment and a high risk for farmers who apply these pesticides. It was also found that the sustainability index of the social and economic dimensions was 3.56 and 3.18 respectively, while the environmental index (2.64) obtained a value below the minimum sustainable threshold, therefore the MAD production system in Huaura is not sustainable. The analysis found the critical points: levels and types of fertilization (2.74), incorporation of organic matter (2.33), crop residue management (1.51), living barriers (1.36), pest control method (2.49), frequency of pesticide applications (2.53), irrigation system (2.54), level of education (2.96), quality of technical assistance and training (2.8), income from other activities (2.9) and marketing channel (1.82). <strong>Implications:</strong> Timely intervention on critical points allows establishing solution options and improving pesticide management.<strong> Conclusion: </strong>The study showed that the IE ha<sup>-1</sup> of MAD was high, indicating that the pesticides used for chemical pest and disease control generate a negative impact on the environment and a high risk for farmers who apply these pesticides. Likewise, it was found that the MAD production system is not sustainable. Therefore, the identification of the critical points allows the establishment of strategies to strengthen the MAD agroecosystem in Huaura, Peru.</p>

Study of the nutritional and microbiological quality of dried mangoes produced by two units in Korhogo (Ivory Coast)

Objective of this study was to evaluate the nutritional and microbiological qualities of dried mangoes produced by two production units, namely Gninnangnon and Ivoire Organics located in the town of Korhogo. Four samples were taken from each unit and everything was mixed to constitute the sample from each unit. Samples were crushed and the flours obtained were used for the analysis of nutritional and microbiological parameters. Results of the nutritional parameters of Gninnangnon and Ivoire Organics obtained are respectively: humidity (19.74 and 19.43%), pH (3.10 and 3.08), total sugars (5.45 and 5.12%), carotenoids (2.80 and 2.90 mg/100g) and compounds phenolics (197.41 and 153.96 mg/100g). Regarding microbiological parameters, the samples did not contain Staphylococci, E. coli and Salmonella. All samples contained GAM and yeasts and molds. In addition, the Ivoire Organics sample contained total and fecal Coliforms unlike that of Gninnangnon. Despite the presence of certain germs, the results suggest that mangoes dried by these companies could be consumed safely.

Influence of different doses of essential amino acids on growth and development of broiler chickens

Optimization of the amino acid balance of essential amino acids, as well as individual amino acids and probiotics, allows improving production indicators such as poultry livability, live weight gain, feed conversion and increasing the economic efficiency of meat production. The purpose of the research was to evaluate the eff ect of diff erent levels of arginine in poultry diets on average daily live weight gain and determine its effect on the livability of broiler chickens, optimize the amino acid composition of broiler chicken diets in accordance with the recommended standards of essential amino acids. The experiment was conducted at Kuratye LLC in Verkhniy Tagil in the Sverdlovsk region on the cross Arbor Acres of broiler chickens. The diet of the experimental group of broilers diff ered from the control diet in that the content of the amino acid arginine was brought to the standards recommended by German poultry farmers. It was found that the average daily live weight gain of broilers in the experimental group for the entire growing period was 47.7 g in the control group, in the experimental group it was 9.0 % higher than in the control and was 52.0 g. The European productivity index, calculated taking into account live weight, livability, fattening period of poultry and costs per unit of production in the control group was 274.0, and in the experimental group it was 309.2 units. From the conducted studies it follows that it is necessary to take into account the ratio of arginine to lysine in the diets of broiler chickens at the level of 1.04, 1.06 and 1.07, respectively, for the rearing phases such as starting, growth and finishing periods.

Prevalencija i čimbenici rizika povezani s neonatalnim proljevom goveda u teladi koja se hrani majčinim mlijekom u državi Veracruz, Meksiko

Bovine neonatal diarrhoea (BND) is a problem of great relevance in cattle herds, resulting in a decline in productivity and performance in production units, and causing great economic losses. The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of BND in the state of Veracruz. In total, 300 lactating calves were sampled. Samples were analysed for Rotavirus, Coronavirus, Escherichia coli and Cryptosporidium spp. Differences between groups were determined by chi-square and risk factors were determined by Odds Ratio. The general prevalence of three geographical areas sampled was 85%. Regarding the analysed pathogens, Cryptosporidium spp. Had the highest prevalence with 76%, followed by E. coli with a prevalence of 42%. Two pathogens were present in coinfections with a 32% prevalence, unlike diarrhoea caused by one, three or four pathogens. Calves that consume standing water after birth present a higher risk of infection. It is necessary to establish sanitaryprogrammes to reduce the risk of infection, help to avoid economic losses, and improve the productivity of the herd. BND related pathogens Rotavirus, Coronavirus, Escherichia coli and Cryptosporidium spp. are present in the sampled areas.

Analysis of the dynamics of development of greenhouse vegetables in Russia during the pre-sanctions and sanctions periods

This article examines the dynamics of acreage, the main elements of production costs, labor costs per unit of production, output and profitability of products as key indicators of the economic development of greenhouse vegetables. The analysis of causal relationships of changes and interpretation of indicators of economic development of the sub-sector is carried out. The main challenges and prospects for the development of greenhouse vegetables industry have been studied, including the dependence of the industry on foreign supplies of components and seeds, the need to expand the range of products and strengthen the export potential of the industry. The results of the study allowed us to conclude that the vegetable growing of greenhouses (horticulture) in Russia has made a significant leap in its development, over the period 2006–2022 significantly increased production volumes and, in general, judging by key economic indicators of development, overcomes sanctions pressure, expressed primarily in the rise in the cost of production and sales logistics.

Are research articles becoming more syntactically complex? Corpus-based evidence from research articles in applied linguistics and biology (1965–2015)

Research on the diachronic changes of syntactic complexity in research articles (RAs) in recent decades has been scant. As one of the first studies addressing this gap, the present study investigated the diachronic changes of eight indices of syntactic complexity in the RAs of applied linguistics and biology from 1965 to 2015 based on a corpus of 720 RAs (totalling 4.14 million tokens) from prestigious journals. The study revealed several common patterns of diachronic changes in syntactic complexity in two disciplines. First, RA writers in both disciplines tended to produce longer production units and employed more coordinate phrases and complex nominals over time, reflecting increased levels of syntactic complexity in two disciplines in recent five decades. In addition, both disciplines displayed an overall decline in the reliance on clausal elaboration (e.g. clausal coordination and clausal subordination), but an increase in phrasal complexity (e.g. phrasal coordination and complex nominals), which demonstrated an increased level of information compression in RA writing over time. The study also discussed changes in publication norms and practices in the two academic fields in recent decades that may be related to the diachronic changes of syntactic complexity features.

The Agrotourism and an Approach to the Ecuadorian Regulation About Tourist Farms

Objective: This essay attempts to contextualize the current reality of tourist haciendas and farms in Ecuador, based on an analysis of agrotourism experiences and an approach to Ecuadorian regulation. Theoretical Framework: A literature review is carried out on agrotourism and its practices worldwide, also referencing case studies related to rural tourism and agrotourism experiences such as, for example: the coffee region and other experiences close to the Ecuadorian reality. Method: The theoretical information is organized as a funnel, with the purpose of analyzing agrotourism from international experiences to addressing Ecuadorian regulations. Then, through the review of Ecuadorian regulations and the official database of the Ministry of Tourism of Ecuador, results can be illustrated through thematic cartography and comparative tables. Results and Discussion: The results show a diversity of approaches to the virtues of agrotourism worldwide, which start from improving the quality of life of the receiving communities, to the inclusion of new techniques that raise the level of experience in agrotourism farms such as storytelling that uses historical elements to establish a narrative that accompanies the guidance of visitors. Research Implication: In Ecuador, although it is true that agrotourism is promoted, aspects that could lead farms or Agricultural Production Units (UPA) to be a registerable tourist category like large haciendas are not fully included in the regulations. This limits the tourist development of potential areas due to the size of their properties and the simplicity of their facilities. Originality/Value: The concept of a tourist farm is not included in the catalog of services of the Ministry of Tourism of Ecuador, but it is a term that is beginning to be used by academics and tourism operators, especially on the Ecuadorian coast, where it is cataloged in this way. to the possession of small arable lands, especially of small size. There is a large field of knowledge that can begin by studying the potential that these tourist farms have to offer for new market niches, so exploring these new trends is a great opportunity for Ecuadorian tourism.

Green Manufacturing and Performances in Apparel Export Industry: Mediating Role of Green Innovation

Implementing green manufacturing in the production process of garment export-oriented enterprises not only contributes to environmental well-being but also enhances competitiveness in the global market and boosts overall company performance. Furthermore, it is critical to take immediate action to improve sustainable production levels via green innovation. This study aims to investigate the impact of green manufacturing on operational performance, environmental performance, and economic performance in the apparel manufacturing export industry. The study also investigates the mediating role of green innovation as a mediator between the green manufacturing and types of performances. A survey method is used to collect data from 123 garment export units, and structural equation modelling (SEM) is used to analyze the results. This study delivers empirical evidence of the impact of the implementation of green manufacturing on green innovation and economic performance. Moreover, green innovation has a significant impact on economic performance and environmental performance. The results signify that green innovation partially mediates green manufacturing and economic performance. Green innovation fully mediates green manufacturing and environmental performance, and also green manufacturing and operational performance. This study is unique in its focus on the use of green manufacturing and green innovation in garment export production units. It provides insights into how these green practices might improve firm performance and the environment.

Paradigm on Levenberg–Marquardt neural algorithm analysis of heat conduction optimization for ternary hybrid nanofluid with entropy generation

AbstractThe significance of the present article is to enhance the thermal management and energy efficiency of complex engineering infrastructures such as energy storage systems, modern electric vehicles, thermal insulations, heavy‐duty machinery, and production units. This research aims to understand the intricate relationship between the thermal conductivity performance of ternary () hybrid nanomaterial and entropy generation to optimize material design and efficacy. A synergetic combination of three distinct nanomaterials silicon dioxide, ferric oxide, and titanium oxide with ethylene glycol and water in the ratio 3:2 as a base solvent is comprised of contributing unique thermophysical properties. To elucidate the impact of this hybrid composition on thermal conductivity, various factors are analyzed. The advanced computational technique of Artificial intelligent feed‐forward neural network (AIFFNN) is utilized. The problem governed the system of PDEs, which is transformed into ODEs by dimensionless similarity. Adams method provided the dataset which is filtered and embedded into Marquardt–Levenberg Algorithm (LMA). The study examines the role of nanomaterial constituents, morphology, and boundary conditions on thermal performance and entropy generation. Graphical analysis of velocity, temperature, and entropy is provided with respect to varying parameters, including surface absorption (λ), magnetic strength (Tesla M), radiation parameter (Rd), Brownian motion (Br), and Eckert number (Ec). The findings have practical significance for optimizing material design in engineering and industrial applications.

Operational long-term management of a salt cavern for industry targeted green H2 production

Hydrogen and its derivatives such as ammonia are increasingly important for reducing carbon emissions in sectors with limited alternatives. Large production systems are generally preferred to reduce costs and for those, advanced management is a cornerstone to the project economic viability. The present work explores the development of an Energy Management System for an industrial low-emission ammonia production platform. The latter is connected to the electrical grid and consists of 1.5 GW of renewable production units, around 500 MW of electrolyzers and storage facilities including especially a salt cavern for H2 storage. The long-term management of the salt cavern is decisive to enhance the profitability while satisfying industry related constraints such as the carbon content of the produced H2. The literature lacks in addressing both aspects simultaneously. Methodological approaches to tackle the long-term management and industrial constraints are proposed and compared. For the considered platform, it is shown that a strategy based on precalculated cost functions in the long term horizon allows relative gains of 2.5% with respect to a state-of-the-art short term management leading to an annual cost saving of approximately $6.2 million in the platform operational expenses. This translates to a reduction of the gap between the state-of-the-art and the optimal a posteriori solution by about 82%.

Impact of the SENA Rural Entrepreneurship Training Program on the Development of Productive Units during the Covid 19 Pandemic in Colombia

Rural productive units represent an alternative for improving the quality of life in rural communities, but they require relevant training for their implementation and sustainability. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the business training processes offered by the National Learning Service (SENA) underwent significant transformations, which in many cases were not effective in consolidating these productive units. The objective of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of SENA training programs during the social confinement in Colombia and their impact on the development of rural productive units in municipalities of Cundinamarca. A qualitative approach with descriptive scope and an action research design was used, employing interviews and focus groups with 22 participants of the SENA Emprende Rural program. The findings indicate that the insufficient accompaniment by tutors and the lack of adequate training hindered the consolidation of the productive units, which led to the closure of seven of them by the beneficiaries. Therefore, it is concluded that it is necessary to offer training programs adjusted to the needs of the rural context, in addition to providing continuous support and financing to ensure the sustainability of the productive units.

Prediction of Overall Equipment Effectiveness in Assembly Processes Using Machine Learning

Abstract Nowadays, a lot of data is generated in production and also in the domain of assembly, from which different patterns can be extracted using machine learning methods with the support of data mining. With the support of various modern technical and Information Technology (IT) tools, the recording, storage and processing of large amounts of data is now a routine activity. Based on machine learning, efficiency metrics including Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE), can be partially predicted, but industrial companies need more accurate and reliable methods. The analyzed algorithms can be used in general for all production units or machines where production data is recorded by Manufacturing Execution System (MES) or other Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems are available. This paper presents and determinates which most used machine learning methods should be combined with each other in order to achieve a better prediction result.

Demand side management programs in smart grid through cloud computing

The development of power systems requires smart grids to facilitate real-time control and monitoring using bilateral communications across the power grid. With the implementation of a distributed structure, smart grids will be highly reliable, efficient, and secure, as well as affordable in terms of power management. With the expansion of the power grid at the level of distribution and the smarter equipment used by the shareholders, it is necessary to consider measures to balance production and consumption and to optimize the consumer pattern. One of these approaches is the use of demand-side management programs, in which the system operator seeks to optimize the coordination between production units, storage units, and consumption loads in a way that achieves maximum social welfare. This article attempts to present models for planning a demand-side management program that is presented in the presence of new cloud computing technologies. The model proposed is based on the use of storage units and will be able, in addition to covering uncertainty in renewable production, to customize energy reserves and computational capacity in a way that brings the lowest operating costs.

INDICADORES DE SALUD EN BOVINOS DE UNIDADES DE PRODUCCIÓN DOBLE PROPÓSITO EN TRÓPICO SECO

<p><strong>Background:</strong> Beef ranks third in consumption in the Mexican market, where the diversity in supply sources and management systems used in production units is notable. This diversity is reflected in the health and welfare conditions of cattle. <strong>Objective:</strong> To evaluate health indicators of dual-purpose cattle in Michoacán, Mexico, aiming to promote quality in the meat industry. <strong>Methodology:</strong> Data were collected using the protocol adapted from UC Davis Cow-Calf Health and Handling. Bivariate and multivariate statistical techniques (principal component analysis and cluster analysis) were applied to analyze the data. <strong>Results:</strong> Six factors explain the cattle's current and past health conditions. From these, three groups of cattle were obtained with statistically significant differences in eight key indicators. Group 1 (G1) was characterized by good body condition and favorable past health status. Group 2 (G2) showed recent health problems, skin lesions, wildlife attacks, and parasitosis. Group 3 (G3) presented moderate conditions regarding past and recent health. <strong>Implications:</strong> This study provides a foundation for designing tools to enhance livestock living conditions by identifying and addressing individuals with poor health and welfare. These actions benefit livestock and directly improve the quality of meat derived from them. <strong>Conclusions:</strong> Group 2 (G2) was identified as having the greatest health problems, while G3 showed intermediate conditions and G1 grouped cattle with better health indicators. These findings underscore the importance of implementing improved animal health and welfare practices in production units to enhance the quality of meat produced.</p>

Comprehensive performance analysis and optimization of an ORC-HDH system for power and freshwater production driven by marine exhaust gas

Freshwater serves as a vital energy source for ships, underscoring the paramount importance of research into desalination systems in facilitating diverse and reliable energy supply for maritime vessels. Aiming at numerous waste heat of marine engines and the shortage of freshwater resources on board, this paper designs an innovative waste heat recovery (WHR) system. It includes an organic Rankine cycle, a compression refrigeration cycle, and a humidification-dehumidification (HDH) desalination system to recover waste heat from exhaust gases in cascades, which can effectively produce power, cooling, and freshwater, respectively. A parametric study of the co-generation system in terms of the freshwater production, gained output ratio (GOR), cost per unit of freshwater production, net power output, and per unit of output power cost, are conducted to identify the key operating parameters. A set of operating parameters is determined for the HDH system with a temperature of the humidifier outlet of 358.15 K and a mass flow rate ratio (MR) of seawater to humid air of 4.5. The effect of the relative humidity and temperature of the humid air, as well as the salinity and temperature of the seawater, on the performance of the HDH subsystem are analyzed. And the optimal operating conditions of the co-generation system are obtained through multi-objective cuckoo search optimization. The results demonstrate that the co-generation system can produce an output-power of 1479.8 kW, 500 kW, and 0.49 kg/s for cooling and freshwater production by using the working-fluid R365mfc/Cyclopentane with a mixing ratio of 33:67 under optimal conditions. The GOR and cost per unit of HDH subsystem are 1.62 and 1.70 $/m3, with a capital payback period of 4.18 years. The equivalent output-power of the co-generation system is 9.5 % higher than that of an ORC system.

Promoting the Renewable Energy Zones by implementing the photovoltaic panels in an industrial building

Abstract Environmental protection depends on energy production and use, which are responsible for ∼94% of carbon emissions. The lack of sufficient energy resources has led EU countries to alternatives for Green Energy production. Albania’s national response to climate change has been limited to some small changes mainly in the sector of the integrated water and environmental management legislation. However, in terms of changing the energy law, no effort has been made to prioritize green energy production. Doing so it is expected to contribute to the overall goal of reducing greenhouse gas emissions through the integration of clean energy solutions. The paper is referred to a specific case study focused on renewable energy using photovoltaic panels in an industrial building in Saranda, as the city with the most hours of sunshine per year in Albania. To support renewable energy initiatives, it is being emphasized with the help of statistical methods that Saranda has strong potential to invest in energy production through solar panels, which give rise to long-term renewable energy solutions. In summary, there are being identified three main factors that seemed to contribute to the results of national renewable energy solutions: 1) Creating renewable energy zones, 2) Installing solar panels for electricity generation 3) Enforcing regulations. In such conditions when energy of any kind is the most demanded product, green energy is the best way to manage it. It is being used in any country, but especially in Albania, which has a high average of sunny days, compared to other European countries, is an immediate requirement and, as such it should be stripped of it all useless bureaucracies to enable a higher production of it, even with state subsidies. But development will also have to overcome the above issue by adapting to energy production in small units where bureaucratic hurdles are even smaller.