Organization Of Production Research Articles

РАЗРАБОТКА МЕТОДИК КОНТРОЛЯ КАЧЕСТВА ИНГРЕДИЕНТОВ КОМБИНИРОВАННОГО ЛЕКАРСТВЕННОГО СРЕДСТВА ПОРОШОК АНТИГРИППИНА

Imported medicines to eliminate symptoms of acute respiratory viral infections prevail in the pharmaceutical market of Russia, but their share is decreasing. At the same time, drug prices are increasing. In such a situation it is necessary to optimize expenditures that would not reduce the availability and effectiveness of therapy. The solution to this problem may be the organization of small-scale production of medicines in the country. There is a demand for small-scale production in Russia, but it is still characterized as insignificant. In recent years in Russia such production has been organized at medical universities and the St. Petersburg Research Institute of Influenza. The task of such enterprises is to produce pilot batches of drugs for laboratory and clinical trials, as well as for sale through the retail network. For this purpose, the compositions of combined drug prescriptions are being unified, the production technology is being improved, experimental substantiation and extension of shelf life are being carried out, and the possibility of small-scale production is being investigated. The relevance of this study is due to the fact, that the methods of qualitative and quantitative analysis of the chemical composition of the combined medicinal product are considered. The possibility of practical application of the developed methods of analysis to assess the quality of antigrippin is shown. Scientific novelty consists in the fact that the present work is the first attempt to comprehensively evaluate the methods of analysis of antigrippin. Practical value: the work identified and analyzed the most appropriate methods of quality control antigrippin, as well as fully and in detail described the methods of analysis. The results of approbation of methods are statistically processed.

INSTITUTIONAL ASPECTS OF IMPLEMENTATION INNOVATIVE REPRODUCTION IN THE NATIONAL ECONOMY

The institutional determinants of ensuring the expanded reproduction of the national economy on an innovative basis are substantiated. It is established that innovative reproduction is determined by the modern model and ontological principles of formation of the innovation process, which acts as an organizational basis for promoting a scientific product to a commodity producer and is focused on meeting the needs of consumers of innovations, as well as on developing own innovations that allow obtaining a long-term economic effect and are focused on the long-term nature of innovative development. It is stated that in order to modernize the innovation process at all stages of its organization, it is necessary to introduce elements of institutional design to form transitional forms of process implementation and transform them into more modern forms. It is proved that the organization of the production process based on the development of own innovations provides a spiral dynamics of reproduction, which allows obtaining in a new production cycle modernized or fundamentally new innovations that improve production, contribute to an increase in the output of innovative goods and obtaining a commercial effect in the form of additional monetary income. It is determined that the innovative type of reproduction is based on a system of regulated formal norms that direct economic entities to participate in the process of production, distribution and consumption of an innovative product. The innovative dynamics is realized through the institutions formed at each level of the hierarchy with the appropriate direction and coordination of the norms of innovative behavior of economic entities. It is argued that the dynamics of innovative transformations, the formation of an organizational model of the innovation process and the nature of extended reproduction are influenced by exogenous and endogenous factors. The endogenous factors of influence of innovative reproduction (personnel, financial, information support, equipment and technologies, organization of production) are systematized. It is substantiated that exogenous influence on innovative reproduction is exerted by factors formed by basic economic institutions, formal norms and infrastructure provision.

Theoretical system of levels of constructing vehicle movement of ground urban electric transport vehicle

Digitalization of the transport industry and the use of artificial intelligence technologies in the automation of control of its main processes determine the need to search for new approaches to the description of electrical complexes and systems of transport purpose, their internal and external system properties. The public ground urban electric transport system is considered as a complex process of conversion, transmission and use of electrical energy and information in the electrical complex of urban electric transport, manifested in the organization of controlled movement of vehicles in specific conditions of production tasks and technology of passenger transportation. Based on the synergetic description of the properties, principles of organization and functioning of a complex production and technical system of urban electric transport, the controlled movement of vehicles has been presented as a multilevel technological process implemented by the electrical complex of urban electric transport. It has been proved that the basis of this process, formed by 5 hierarchically arranged levels, each of which provides a separate specific task of building the movement of vehicles, is the implementation of algorithms of traction electrical equipment. A theoretical system of levels of vehicle motion construction as a multilevel process has been formulated, mathematical models of each level have been identified, and sets of conditions characterizing "external" and "internal" "order parameters" defining hierarchical interlevel interrelations have been determined. The results of the work may be of interest to the developers of control systems of autonomous vehicles and driver assistance systems during the selection and justification of algorithms for the effective control of the electrical complex of traction electrical equipment of urban electric transport.

Agricultural Experimentation in Cotton Cultivation under Natural and Climatic Conditions of Southern Russia (1920s-1940s)

This article examines the intricacies of cotton production organization in Southern Russia during the 1930s. It analyzes the progression and outcomes of cotton planting and harvesting campaigns amid challenging natural and climatic conditions. A comparative analysis of cotton sowing practices in Kalmykia and Dagestan is presented. The findings indicate that non-irrigated cotton farming developed more intensively in the former region, while irrigated cotton cultivation thrived in Dagestan, which had ample water resources. It is concluded that the increase in cotton production in Southern Russia during this period primarily resulted from the expansion of cultivated areas. The study demonstrates that pre-war Southern Russian cotton farming did not meet practical expectations and failed to provide the country with sufficient raw cotton. Archival documents serve as the primary materials for this research, introducing previously unpublished resources into the academic discourse. The relevance and practical significance of this study lie in the fact that the historical experience of cotton sowing in Southern Russia can inform contemporary agricultural development in the country.

Unleashing green innovation: navigating the path with green inclusive leadership, green knowledge management and internal CSR communication

Purpose Drawing upon the natural resource-based view (NRBV), organizational learning (OL) and contingency theories, this paper aims to develop and test a theoretical framework that examines the impact of green inclusive leadership on green innovation in business-to-business (B2B) context. This framework further examines the simple and serial mediation of green knowledge acquisition and sharing and the moderation of internal corporate social responsibility(CSR) communication. Design/methodology/approach Using survey questionnaires, authors collected multiwave data from 215 middle managers from different manufacturing and production organizations operating in Pakistan. The hypotheses were inspected using the PROCESS macro. Findings According to the findings, green inclusive leadership and green innovation are positively associated, and green knowledge acquisition and green knowledge sharing are efficient serial mediators of this relationship. Furthermore, the results suggest that internal CSR communication moderates the serial mediation such that the indirect relationship between green inclusive leadership and green innovation was stronger at high levels of internal CSR communication rather than at lower levels. Practical implications This research offers implications for manufacturing industry leaders and policymakers. Green inclusive leadership nurtures green knowledge dynamics, making it vital for achieving United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals and promoting ecological stewardship. Investing in green knowledge processes and transparent internal CSR communication can enhance sustainable innovation and align with broader sustainability goals in organizations predominantly operating under the B2B model. Originality/value By merging NRBV, OL and contingency theories and drawing links across different genres of literature, this study provides unique insight into leadership, knowledge management, corporate communication, sustainability and CSR and innovation in the B2B sector.

Threads of change: textile production and consumption during the Early Iron Age in Eastern Iberia

The establishment of Phoenician colonies in the South and East of Iberia between the 9th and 8th centuries BCE directly and indirectly provided an unprecedented stimulus for the economic and social development of the local communities, which became increasingly integrated into the trade dynamics of the Mediterranean. Textile production and consumption seem to have played a significant role that has not been sufficiently appreciated so far and that will be the basis of the spectacular textile development that followed. Therefore, this article analyses the textile tools and elements related to clothing found in different archaeological sites in Eastern Iberia between the 8th and 6th centuries BC, both indigenous and Phoenician, which coexisted in the same territory, establishing important economic and exchange relationships. The evidence seems to indicate significant changes in textile tools, but above all in the organisation of production and forms of textile consumption.

An Experimental Approach to Minoan Larnakes: Exploring Craft Spaces for Production of Large Ceramic Vessels

ABSTRACT This article aims to explore craft spaces associated with the production of Minoan larnakes. Larnakes are large clay coffins, used mainly on Crete from the beginning to the end of the Minoan Bronze Age (ca. 2650–1050 BCE). Scholars have long given attention to larnakes for their iconographical richness. However, previous research has neglected the context of production and modes of distribution of these artifacts. This study investigates the spatial organization of craft spaces for larnax production, using an experiment conducted in collaboration with traditional potters, and compares the results with the ethnographic and archaeological record. The study offers new insights on the organization of larnax production and the production of large vessels in general, by formulating criteria to identify workshops related to the manufacture of large vessels. Examining the relationship between vessel size and craft spaces offers a better understanding of the organization of this pottery craft in Minoan Crete.

Defects as risk factors in housing construction

The article presents an analysis of defects in residential construction as key risk factors for the effectiveness of a construction investment. In a very competitive market, investors have to compete with each other with the organization of construction production and the quality of the product, which is a building structure. One of the basic criteria for evaluating the quality of building structures is the number and type of construction defects. Therefore, the analysis of the risk of such failures and statistical studies of the frequency and type of their occurrence were the crux of the research process presented in the article. An extensive and detailed theoretical analysis of the problem of defects in housing construction was supported by an empirical analysis. Based on the results of research on completed construction investments, the structure of the database was developed, and then a quantitative and objective analysis of defects in residential buildings was carried out. The whole is summarized with research conclusions and recommendations regarding the implementation of residential construction investments.

Роль іноземних капіталів у формуванні господарської системи України: аналіз наукової літератури другої половини XIX – початку XX ст.

The article is devoted to the analysis of scientific literature of the second half of the 19th - beginning of the 20th centuries, regarding the role of foreign capital in the formation of the economic system of Ukraine. In the context of modern challenges as to the financial support of the war economy, and in the future – of the post-war recovery, attention is focused on the presence of a wide scientific discourse on the search for financial sources of reconstruction, whose important aspect is the attraction of foreign capital. An important informative source for the development of this issue is the presence of domestic historical experience of the period of market-industrial transformations, when Ukraine’s economic system developed as part of the overall imperial complex, and foreign investments became an important factor in its formation and development. In particular, it was found that due to direct and portfolio foreign investments, extensive modernization of this country's industry, and development of the financial sector and communication routes took place, which gives grounds to characterize foreign investment as one of the main stimulating factors for the development of an economic system. Along with this, it is emphasized that foreign investment can be considered a factor in the innovative development of Ukraine’s economy in the second half of the 19th and early 20th centuries, due to the promotion of the creation of new branches of production, the introduction of new technologies and methods of production organization into domestic practice, etc. An important practical conclusion of the conducted research is that the existing historical experience is an important source of substantiation of modern state policy measures in terms of ensuring a favorable institutional environment for attracting foreign capital for the implementation of socially significant projects of modernization and restoration.

Metallurgical technology and resources mobility in the El Argar culture: An archaeometallurgical study at Laderas del Castillo (Callosa de Segura, Alicante)

Metallurgy has been defined as a pivotal activity in understanding of the development of El Argar society. Nonetheless, comprehensive studies of extractive metallurgical processes based on archaeometallurgical analyses remain lacking. This article examines the production remains found at the El Argar site of Laderas del Castillo, documented from 2150 to 1950 cal BC, including samples of slag, crucibles, copper prills and artefacts. Laderas del Castillo emerges as a key site for understanding the technology and organization of metallurgical production in the El Argar world. There are few sites with archaeometric analysis of metallurgical remains, and the present case allows for an almost complete view of the entire metallurgical chaîne opératoire in this period. Microstructural analyses of smelting remains by SEM-EDS reveal a technological tradition that mirrors the previous Copper Age one and the direct exploitation of complex arsenical copper ores with occasional copper sulphides. Despite the existence of closer mineralizations, lead isotope analyses show the exploitation of various copper resources and sources far from the settlement (Linares, the Interior of the Baetic Cordilleras and Almagrera, about 300, 200 and 140 km respectively). These active exchange networks in Laderas del Castillo reflect the same pattern found in the rest of the El Argar territory, which is based on the intensive exploitation of mineralizations in the interior of the Baetics and the Southeast of the peninsula. Some of these sources have also been observed in Copper Age metallurgy, suggesting that the mobility and exchange networks operating in the southeast during the El Argar period were rooted in earlier archaeological phases, indicating a wide and complex exchange network in the region.

Typology of Results of Cooperation Between Russian Universities and Business

Development of high-tech industries is an important task for the Russian economy, the solution of which requires the joint efforts of educational, research and production organizations with the governmental support. Nowadays significant results have been achieved in the field of cooperation between universities and business. Their systematization and analysis will make it possible to determine both the most effective areas of interaction and those requiring further development. The purpose of the research presented in the article is to identify typical models of cooperation between universities and business based on analyzing the results of their scientific and educational interaction. To realize it, clustering of Russian universities was carried out. The cluster analysis identified 6 groups of universitates, each of which has specific features. Universities in the first two clusters are focused on commercializing income from R&D. Universities of cluster 1 are distinguished by a high share of extra-budgetary income from R&D, and from cluster 2 are distinguished by high extra-budgetary income from R&D based on the number of academic staff members. Universities from cluster 3 have high results of joint publication activities with business companies. In universities from clusters 4 and 5 educational cooperation with business is more developed. Universities from cluster 4 have an extensive network of partnerships with enterprises to organize internships for students. Universities from cluster 5 actively cooperate with business to train specialists on a contractual basis. Cluster 6 includes universities that have low results in all areas of cooperation with business. The results of the study demonstrate the main approaches of universities to interact with business companies. The research task was implemented for the first time on a representative sample of Russian universities based on an analysis of the quantitatively assessed results of their cooperation with business. The article may be of interest to universities aimed at developing partnerships with business companies, as well as government authorities developing projects to support university-industry interaction. Support measures could become more diversified, considering the specific features of each cluster, and be aimed at stimulating the development of priority areas of cooperation with business for a particular university.

THE LOGISTICS PROCESS AND ITS ROLE IN THE ACTIVITIES OF MODERN ENTERPRISES

THE PURPOSE OF THIS ARTICLE is to study the peculiarities of the logistics process in the activities of domestic enterprises. RESEARCH METHODS. In the process of writing the article, general scientific and special methods of researching the logistics process at the enterprise were used, including: epistemological analysis, theoretical generalization, analysis, synthesis, tabular and graphic. PRESENTATION OF THE MAIN RESEARCH MATERIAL. The article defines that at a modern enterprise, the organization of production, supply and sales processes is ensured with the help of logistics. The essence of the concept of "logistics" from the point of view of foreign and domestic scientists is summarized. It was found that the logistics process is the basis of logistics. The main and auxiliary logistics processes at the enterprise, which consist of separate logistics operations and functions, are summarized. A diagram of the logistics process at the enterprise, which occurs simultaneously with material and information flows, has been formed. Logistics operations with material flow in the logistics process of the enterprise are systematized, which include: supply, transportation, storage, production and sales. Logistics operations with information flow in the logistics process of the enterprise include: information collection; accumulation and storage of information; data processing; transmission of information. A descriptive description of the specified logistics operations is given. It has been proven that the complexity of the logistics process at the enterprise depends on the specifics of its activity and the technological process of manufacturing products. CONCLUSIONS FROM THE CONDUCTED RESEARCH. Under the influence of modern digital technologies, the enterprise's logistics process will continue to undergo transformations that will affect its duration, the change in the number of logistics operations and functions, the transition to automation, and the level of cost effectiveness. KEYWORDS: logistics; logistics process; logistics operations; logistics functions; enterprise; digitalization.

Просветительская работа по усилению кооперации на селе в Центральном Нечерноземье (1921–1925 годы)

This article examines the effect of mass agitation on the organization of agricultural production in general, and rural cooperation in particular, during the transition to the New Economic Policy of the Soviet state. The object of the study is the socio-political relations that were established in the course of the development of rural cooperation in a number of central regions of Russia. The subject of the research is the organizational and regulatory decisions of Soviet party and public bodies aimed to facilitate the production activities of both individual peasant farms and grassroot structures of agricultural partnerships, artels and communes. The purpose of the article is to identify the specific features of the processes that took place, fill the gaps in the historical coverage of this issue and determine the forms in which this work was carried out. In particular, it analyses the methods and nature of the impact on the population aimed to eliminate illiteracy and organize political and agricultural education as well as cooperative agitation and propaganda. The paper focuses on such a form of cooperative propaganda as agricultural exhibitions. The study is relevant due to the increasing scientific and practical interest in the experience of reviving rural Russia after the Civil War. The novelty of the research consists in the extensive use of previously unpublished archival documents and poorly studied sources. The results and conclusions indicate that cooperative agrarian agitation and propaganda in 1921–1925 played a positive role in establishing and strengthening cooperation in rural areas. However, in practice it was often far from the real interests of the peasant masses. Studying the experience of reviving cooperative processes in rural areas in the context of toughening international sanctions can be of great scientific and practical importance. The combination of mass propaganda and actual material and financial support can become an effective argument for the population to stay in rural areas as well as for developing production forms of cooperation.

Mapping the Future: Unveiling Global Trends in Smart Waste Management Research

This study aims to investigate the current landscape and collaborative dynamics of research integrating Big Data with smart waste management (SWM) through a comprehensive bibliometric analysis. We examined 2,808 scientific articles published from 2007 to 2024 using advanced bibliometric tools, VOSviewer and R-Studio (Bibliometrix R Package), to understand trends, influential contributions, and research gaps. Our findings reveal key collaboration networks, author dynamics, and international cooperation patterns, highlighting productive countries, regions, and organizations in this emerging field. The analysis of publication and citation trends shows a significant growth in research output over the studied period, indicating increased interest and investment in SWM research. Additionally, we identified the top 10 journals, authors, countries, and organizations leading in productivity. By constructing author co-citation cluster networks from Web of Science data, we mapped prominent research clusters and organizational collaborations that drive advancements in SWM, particularly within smart cities. While the findings underscore notable progress, they also reveal that many organizations remain in the early stages of SWM exploration. These insights can help researchers and policymakers strengthen collaborative networks, accelerate research development, and support practical applications of SWM solutions. We also discuss limitations in bibliometric classification methods and propose future research directions, including more in-depth content analyses of SWM and related technologies.

The dynamics of digital technologies in the strategies of MNEs

ABSTRACT The use of digital technologies in commercial transactions affects both the strategies of international firms and the organisation of production across borders along a GVC. This paper examines the impacts of e-commerce on the internationalisation of firms and on the global extension of manufacturing MNEs. We consider how the use of digital technologies in commercial activities and the extent of control over international markets affect decisions around exporting and investing abroad. Final market transactions are approached through business-to-customer e-commerce (B2C), and inter-firm transactions through business-to-business e-commerce (B2B). Findings confirm general positive effects from B2C transactions, while B2B e-commerce with clients or suppliers reshapes global production networks in diverse ways, depending on the direction. Evidence is built using micro-data from Spanish manufacturing, examining companies that produce physical goods and adopt ICTs. Theoretical implications suggest a dynamic and mutually reinforcing relationship between the digitalisation and internationalisation of firms, enhanced by the GVC.

Análise Crítica dos Modelos de Maturidade da Gestão do Conhecimento

Assuming that organizations need to identify their knowledge management maturity levels before implementing such management, this study aims to critically analyze the main knowledge management maturity models found in the Information Science literature. The goal is to contribute to the selection of the most suitable maturity model for each organization at a given moment. To this end, the guiding concepts of knowledge management are presented, with emphasis on maturity models, which are tools used to evaluate existing knowledge management activities within an organization. As a methodology, a bibliographic review was conducted on the concepts under study, allowing the identification of the main maturity models to be analyzed and compared. Regarding the results, it is highlighted that the presentation, analysis, and comparison of the maturity models enable the identification of different contexts in which they should be applied. In conclusion, it is emphasized that the Knowledge Management Maturity Model is recommended when external support is sought; the application of the Organizational Knowledge Assessment tends to be simpler and more straightforward, besides being free of charge; and the model of the Asian Productivity Organization offers a more complex and comprehensive approach, including a well-structured evaluation methodology. Additionally, it is concluded that for organizations to effectively implement knowledge management and benefit from it, they must identify their maturity level in terms of this management. This should be done using a maturity model, and it is further highlighted that among various models, there is one best suited for each organization.

An emerging ‘camp labour regime’: refugees’ labour between production and reproduction

ABSTRACT Using Italy as a case study, this paper extends the debate on refugees’ differential inclusion in the European labour market by considering their spaces for living and social reproduction. Departing from the notion of ‘labour regime’ and the definition of a Dormitory Labour Regime, the paper argues that we are assisting in the emergence of a Camp Labour Regime – a situation in which the form of accommodation (i.e. refugee reception facilities) plays a pivotal role in the organisation of production, representing a nodal point to foster labour concentration, wage reduction and labour intensification, thereby ‘fashioning’ refugee labour as both cheap and flexible, although at the same time constituting spaces of opportunity for refugee workers. Therefore, the paper illustrates the role played by the three main actors – the state, the companies and the refugees themselves – in coproducing and partaking in this emerging Camp Labour Regime.

Intelligent System of Estimation of Total Factor Productivity (TFP) and Investment Efficiency in the Economy with External Technology Gaps

This paper is the first to propose an aggregate S-trend factor production function to estimate total factor productivity (TFP) and investment efficiency in an economy. This function implements Charles R. Hulten’s organizing principle: to what extent the growth of the economy is due to an increase in “productivity” (progress in technology and organization of production) and to what extent to “capital formation” (increased investment in human capital, knowledge, and fixed capital). Estimation of future members of the series is usually done by a forecast model. It is a model that approximates a trend. The Verhulst's S-curve y'(t) = u + A(1+B*exp(-a(t-m)))-1 is used as the approximation function. Here, A, B, and a are the parameters that change the shape of the S-curve, and u and m are the parameters that change the position of the S-curve in the first quarter, t ≥0. By aggregate S-trend production function, we mean a two-factor production function of the form Z(t) = P(t)y'(t) = P(t)*S(x(t), A, B, a, m, u). Here, the function S(x(t), A, B, a, m, u) is a S- curve trend with the factor x(t) ≡ t. It represents the GDP growth rate over a time interval equal to the product of the S-curve elasticity over the growth rate of n(t) over that interval and takes into account all factors affecting S-curve elasticity, including, for example, labor and capital. The value of the elasticity affects the value of TFP (P(t)), but not vice versa. In this sense, the trend forecasting model S(t) is certainly broader than the concept of “capital formation”. The error of approximation is quantitatively measured by the MAPE criterion.

The structuring of a (semi) agile-based organization: product orientation in a state agency

PurposeThe purpose of the paper is to analyze how a change towards product orientation based on an agile approach challenges, contrasts and/or coexists with other principles of organization and grouping, such as development projects, the existing hierarchical line structure and process management.Design/methodology/approachThis is a case study of one organization, based on an explorative appoach.FindingsTaking the competing dimension of coordination and principles of grouping as the starting point, this study identify, describe and analyze the tensions that result from the introduction of product organization. The product initiative has met many obstacles and tensions along four dimensions: Process, line, information technology units and development projects. For each of these dimensions a number of challenges have been identified, that contribute to increased complexity in the organization.Research limitations/implicationsA limitation of the study is that the findings cannot be generalized to other organizations.Practical implicationsA practical implication of the study is that product organization triggers tensions with other principles of organizations and grouping.Originality/valueThis study mainly contributes to the knowledge of agile management and agile organization, identifying and theorizing challenges that have been neglected and/or poorly understood both in the popular literature and in organizational research. This is particularly the case in the public sector. This study is also relevant to the domain of multidimensional structures, adding an understanding of the novel opportunities and challenges of product- and agile-based grouping of activities in an organization.

State support of regional innovation clusters as a tool for improving the competitive stability of regions: International practices

Subject. This article discusses the issues of improving the competitive stability of countries and regions, and the search for new forms of production organization. Objectives. The article aims to analyze the formation of cluster structures in developed countries. Methods. For the study, I used the general scientific research methods. Results. The article finds that a cluster is a network of territorially connected and mutually supportive enterprises. Improving the competitive stability of enterprises, regions and the national economy as a whole is ensured by vertical ties between producers and buyers, grouped around the scientific and educational center, with authorities at various levels. Conclusions. Industrial-territorial clusters develop successfully if their functioning creates a synergistic effect.