Model Of Production Process Research Articles

Performances Management When Modelling Internal Structure of a Production Process

Performance management is a central point for both public and private organizations. In the data envelopment analysis (DEA) method, performance management takes the form of measuring relative efficiency. Furthermore, considering each organization and or production process as a black box,  inputs are transformed into outputs. In reality, production organizations or processes are composed of different parts that carry out different related activities. For this reason, modeling the internal structure of a production process like a system of interconnected parts makes it possible to measure its performance at the sub-process level. In this paper, we hypothesized a production process, made up of three interconnected parts. It is a new strategy to acquire relative efficiency consisting of building a block inside the system with at least two sub-processes. This step refers to a basic model of relational Network Data Envelopment Analysis (NDEA). Also, we used the additive decomposition formula to measure the efficiency of the whole process. We highlighted the differences in the measurement, between the direct application of the relational NDEA model and the measurement with the block approach model.We compared the cumulative empirical distribution functions of the efficiency scores of a sub-process with the decomposition formula multiplicative and our  approach. In conclusion, the paper proposes, a new strategy to measure the relative performances of a production process model as a network system of three subprocesses, which combines the NDEA and the DEA. This allows us to reevaluate, the indications of policy at the individual sub-process level (block). Moreover, it is a versatile approach which allows aggregation of the sub-processes in blocks, according to the particular policy requirements, legislative technological constraints, etc.

Development of a Design Algorithm for the Logistics System of Product Distribution of the Mechanical Engineering Enterprise

The purpose of this research is to represent the results of the development of the design algorithm for the logistics system for the distribution of products of a mechanical engineering enterprise, which would determine the characteristics of the production distribution channel, the optimal arrangement of the elements of the logistics system of product distribution in the environment, and also to optimize the resources flow with regard to the limitations. The main content of this research is the analysis of publications of Russian and foreign scientists and specialists in the field of production management, modeling and optimization of organizational structures and production processes, design of logistics systems. The practical significance of the research is the possibility of the appliance of the presented algorithm by the management team of a mechanical engineering enterprise in a market environment. It would permit to improve the efficiency of using the existing resources of the enterprise. This article is addressed to specialists in the field of theory and practice of production organization

Modeling of production processes in rural areas: management and development effectiveness

In the modern economy, the process of studying independent and alternative approaches to studying a business (organization) is happening more and more. Such alternative approaches of today include: “neoclassical theory”, “theory of transaction costs” (theory of specific assets), “theory of incomplete contracts” (theory of property rights), and also “agent theory” (theory of incentives). Such integrated systems and approaches of economics and management as “resource theory”, “knowledge theory”, “strategic theory”, “entrepreneurial theory”, “network theory”, “theory of resource dependence”, “theory of institutional isomorphism”, “theory of situational choice", "The theory of strategic choice" is currently promising and relevant. The article discusses the basic model of neoclassical theory. The main superiority of this theory is expressed in the fact that it predetermines the technological component as a whole as an economy in the broad sense of the understanding and depends on the scale of activity of the economic entity. Moreover, this theory provides for the reflection of savings in the activities of an economic entity, taking into account the scale of activity and business processes (factors) that characterize the volume of production and turnover of organizations. In the framework of the approach under consideration, a certain macrostructure is determined that incurs costs of economic resources: fixed assets, the number of employees that affect the turnover of organizations. The rational management task that the Udmurt Republic encounters is to determine the forecast for the turnover of organizations for given resources and in calculating the fixed assets necessary for its value and the number of employees. It was revealed that the rural economy of Udmurtia has a negligible effect on the scale of resources, since with a simultaneous increase in labor and capital by 1%, the turnover of organizations increases by 1.82%, and the final product is most dependent on the state of the workforce, as the current state the equipment used is in critical condition in terms of wear and efficiency.

Solution of an EPQ model for imperfect production process under game and neutrosophic fuzzy approach

This article deals with an Economic Production Quantity (EPQ) deteriorating inventory model for non-random uncertain environment. It includes rework process, screening of imperfect items and partial backlogging. The items are partially serviceable, because at the time of production some items are found to be defective which cannot be recoverable or serviceable. At first, we develop a cost minimization problem under several assumptions related to imperfect items and rework process under certain linear constraints. We solve the crisp model (primal nonlinear problem) first, and then we convert this model into equivalent game problem taking the help of the theories related to strong and weak duality theorem. However, this game problem consists of the Lagrangian function that correspond a nonlinear objective function subject to some linear constraints. The main objective of the study is to develop a solution procedure of the problem associated to an imperfect process where all unit cost components might increase or decrease neutrosophically. Thus, according to the experiences gained by the decision maker (DM) we fuzzify all cost components as sub-neutrosophic offset. To defuzzify the model we have utilized the sine cuts of neutrosophic fuzzy numbers followed by a solution procedure developed in solving the matrix game exclusively. To validate the model, a numerical example is studied then we have compared the optimal results among the original problem, the equivalent game problem and the game problem under neutrosophic environment explicitly. Our findings reveal that under negative α-cuts the value of the objective function assumes lower and higher values. Finally, sensitivity analysis, graphical illustrations, conclusions and scope of future works have been discussed.

Ситуативная модель порождения речи: генезис и особенности

The article considers the problem of speech production process modelling. A situational model of speech production developed on the basis of a comparative analysis of some psycholinguistic models shows relation of a speech situation and the statement generation process. The author describes an activity-based four-phase model and analyses continuous influence of a speech situation, which, in its turn, is determined by the generated statement that transforms it, which leads to achieving the overall extra-linguistic purpose.

Examination of lean manufacturing systems by simulation technique in apparel industry

In this study, production time of three different products is determined by examining their production process and simulation models of these products are created by implementing statistical distribution of production times in an apparel company which is considering lean manufacturing principles. The validation of simulation models is done on the basis of mean throughput per day statistically. Afterwards, recent models are redesigned according to lean production principles, alternative models are created and examined in SIMUL8 software. In addition, a new algorithm which allows line balancing in simulation applications is developed. ‘Heart Algorithm’ called application tested on all models and positive feedback which increase the mean throughput per operator has received.

Application of artificial intelligence to maximize methane production from waste paper

This article proposes a methodology based on artificial intelligence to enhance methane production from waste paper. The proposed methodology combines fuzzy logic-based modelling and modern optimization. Firstly, a robust Adaptive Network-based Fuzzy Inference System model of methane production process through fuzzy logic modelling is created using experimental datasets. Second, a particle swarm optimizer was used to obtain the optimal process conditions. During the optimization procedure, the beating time and feedstock/inoculum ratio are employed as decision variables in order to maximize methane production. The obtained resulted from the proposed methodology are compared with those obtained by response surface methodology. The results of the comparison confirmed the superiority of the proposed methodology. The fuzzy model shows a better fitting to the experimental data compared to ANOVA. The fuzzy model showed a higher coefficient of determination and a lower value of root mean squared errors compared to ANOVA. Moreover, the proposed strategy, that is, modelling and optimization, is an effective method for increasing the biomethane yield at extended range conditions.

Research of the synchronous waven coordination model of production processes

In the article the model of one-level coordination of production processes is created and indicators of wave synchronous coordination algorithm are investigated. It is shown that in case of high complexity and fast reaction of elements to random perturbations, the case is possible when the required period of initiation of the coordination wave becomes less than the wave propagation through the system, i.e. the coordination time.

A Product-Process Model for Decision-Aid Perspective in Additive Manufacturing Field

Computer-Aided Design and Applications is an international journal on the applications of CAD and CAM. It publishes papers in the general domain of CAD plus in emerging fields like bio-CAD, nano-CAD, soft-CAD, garment-CAD, PLM, PDM, CAD data mining, CAD and the internet, CAD education, genetic algorithms and CAD engines. The journal is aimed at all developers and users of CAD technology to ptovide CAD solutions for various stages of design and manufacturing. The journal publishes all about Computer-Aided Design and Computer-Aided technologies.

Dynamic modeling of pellet production process for pellet injection system in ITER

Abstract This article proposes a dynamic simulation model of the pellet production process for the pellet injection system (PIS) in the fusion fuel cycle. The integrated devices in the pellet production process should be designed and operated to meet safety limitations while ensuring the required quantity of fuel supply. The presented model is used to investigate the variation in fuel inventory of the system under time-varying tokamak fuel demand. The model applies to the T2 pellet production in three different operation scenarios: inductive, hybrid and non-inductive operation. The simulation results suggest the reliable storage capacity of the main devices under a wide range of changing operating conditions. Preliminary analysis of design and operation options is expected to provide useful insights into the development of PIS.

Characteristics of functional subsystems of modular didactic production system for gear trains

This paper presents the characteristics of the subsystems of the modular, didactic production system of single-stage gearboxes. The presented system is equipped with miniatures of devices commonly used in industry. The modular construction of the stand gives the possibility of free modelling of production processes and creates great opportunities for future activities of system development and its use. The paper presents the characteristics of the manufacturing, storage, transport and assembly subsystem and quality control. In the characteristics, the market recognition was presented and selected solutions and devices were described.

Rapid process development of serum-free pseudorabies virus production with the Quality by Design approach.

This study described a successful application of the Quality by Design (QbD) approach to pseudorabies virus (PRV) production process development in a fixed-bed bioreactor using the serum-free medium (SFM). The innovated tube-fixed-bed bioreactor was used as a scale-down model of the fixed-bed bioreactor for process development. Risk analysis was performed using Ishikawa diagram combined with failure mode effects analysis (FMEA). The comparative experiment was performed to screen proper medium for adherent African green monkey kidney (Vero) cells from three commercially available SFMs (VP-SFM, ProVERO-1 and Vero-A). The Vero-A medium showed as an outstanding one for further study. The PRV titer in harvest medium was consider as Critical Quality Attribute (CQA) and the Critical Process Parameters (CPPs) [time of infection (TOI), multiplicity of infection (MOI) and initial inoculation cell density] ranked high with risk priority number (RPN) were taken into design of experiment (DoE) methodology. Then prediction model of PRV production process was established and a robust PRV production process was explored. Under the robust setpoint conditions, the Xcell 1L laboratory-scale fixed-bed bioreactor yielded PRV titer up to 7.87 log10 TCID50/mL at 3dpi, which was comparable with that in the tube-fixed-bed bioreactor. Combination of the tube-fixed-bed bioreactor and QbD approach could further accelerate the development of a robust virus production process.

Теоретическая модель реинжиниринга бизнес-процессов с учетом общих центров обслуживания в структуре компании

The article is devoted to the study of the current state of business processes related to accounting and analytical services to companies, assessment of their impact on financial and economic activities and the appropriateness of delegating some functions to third-party enterprises or internal separate structures. 
 The aim of the article is the formation of a theoretical model of the business process of a manufacturing company based on the accounting and analytical functions of service centers in order to identify their impact on improving the efficiency and performance of economic agents. The basic research methods were statistical methods, modeling of economic and production processes. The study was based on the results of the authors’ study of the indicators of the accounting (financial) statements of common service centers (CSC) in Russia, for these purposes a sample of organizations was formed according to the criteria corresponding to the CSC of large holdings. As a result, the authors revealed that the specifics of the CSC activities is that they perform secondary, servicing functions and are one of the company's cost centers. The effect of the СSC activities is to optimize the model of business processes and save technological, time and financial resources. The complexity of evaluating the centers’ activities lies in the indirect effect, which is carried out on the basis of the scientific substantiation of managerial decisions and rationalization of the powers of managerial personnel and decision-makers at each stage of the business model.

Knowledge-Based Virtual Modeling and Simulation of Manufacturing Processes for Industry 4.0

Industry 4.0 aims at providing a digital representation of a production landscape, but the challenges in building, maintaining, optimizing, and evolving digital models in inter-organizational production chains have not been identified yet in a systematic manner. In this paper, various Industry 4.0 research and technical challenges are addressed, and their present scenario is discussed. Moreover, in this article, the novel concept of developing experience-based virtual models of engineering entities, process, and the factory is presented. These models of production units, processes, and procedures are accomplished by virtual engineering object (VEO), virtual engineering process (VEP), and virtual engineering factory (VEF), using the knowledge representation technique of Decisional DNA. This blend of the virtual and physical domains permits monitoring of systems and analysis of data to foresee problems before they occur, develop new opportunities, prevent downtime, and even plan for the future by using simulations. Furthermore, the proposed virtual model concept not only has the capability of Query Processing and Data Integration for Industrial Data but also real-time visualization of data stream processing.

Modeling of oxygen delignification process using a Kriging-based algorithm

A phenomenological model of cellulose production processes presents limitations due to the presence of species and chemical reactions of complex computational representation. Modeling based on machine learning techniques is an alternative to overcome this drawback. This paper addresses the Gaussian process regressor (Kriging) method to model the oxygen delignification process in one of the largest pulp production plants of the world. Different correlation models were used to evaluate this method; furthermore, an optimization routine, based on the constrained optimization by linear approximation method, was coupled to model to minimize the objective function, which is based on the input cost. Results have shown the good performance of using a combined Kriging method with optimization routines in the non-linear industrial processes to obtain a representative model capable of providing optimized operating scenarios. A reduction of 36.5% in consumption of NaOH was obtained, while required restrictions are obeyed.

Modeling of production processes with regeneration for ensuring enterprise competitiveness

The article presents the research and rationale of theoretical issues and applied decisions regarding the influence of enterprises and the mechanism of managing production processes with regeneration (renovation) on the competitiveness. Mathematical tools were developed and methods for calculating basic economic indicators were suggested, namely, the starting factors and direct regulatory costs for materials; the economic and mathematical model of production processes with regeneration was designed, which allows comparing the output of production with the cost of its manufacturing and the improvements of the competitiveness of strategically important enterprises.

The generation of a mathematical model of the biogas production process from organic municipal solid waste

This paper justifies the efficiency of the biogas collection and utilization at the MSW (municipal solid waste) landfill in Almaty with the installation of several modern biogas plants. The optimal mode of processes occurring in a biogas plant is determined by computer generated simulations. Mathematical model parameters were identified to describe biochemical processes occurring in a biogas plant. Two approaches are used to resolve the mathematical model: the finite-difference method for solving the system of differential equations and simulation modeling by using the Any Logic package. A program is written in the algorithmic language C ++. Numerous calculations were carried out, the results of which are presented in curves and their qualitative picture is consistent with the ongoing processes. The created computer program allows to make a preliminary forecast of anaerobic fermentation occurring in the bioreactor depending on volume of the substrate, methane microorganisms and temperature conditions.

Numerical modelling of the multi-stage production process of large-size rings rolling for the shipbuilding industry including analysis of internal discontinuities

This article presents the problems related to production of large-size rings for the shipbuilding and offshore industries. The technology of shaping this type of products includes initial preparing of ingots, making a central hole and rolling on a multi-tool ring rolling mill. The main goal of the plastic deformation, in addition to obtaining the required geometric shape of the products, is to ensure an appropriate internal structure and thus the desired operational properties. A significant problem in the processes of shaping products from forging ingots is a proper characteristic of the internal defects of the cast structure. The purpose of plastic deformation applied at high temperature is to minimize these defects. This study examines the changes in the relative density of the material depending on the degree of structure modification (deformation degree). The results as well as boundary conditions reflected from the industrial processes were used as a data for the computer simulations of the large rings production processes. All of the technological operations are included in these simulations, from heating of the forging ingot to final rolling of the finished product. Numerical simulation was performed using QForm – commercial software based on finite element method (FEM).

Modeling and optimization of organizational management structures and production processes of an industrial enterprise during the transition to mass production

Modeling and optimization of organizational management structures and production processes of an industrial enterprise during the transition to mass production

Nutritional Quality and Safety Traceability System for China’s Leafy Vegetable Supply Chain Based on Fault Tree Analysis and QR Code

Leafy vegetables are consumed in most daily xdiets worldwide. As living standards improve, food quality, safety requirements, and nutrition are becoming increasingly important to consumers when purchasing leafy vegetables. This study proposes an evaluation and traceability method that can be used to track the nutritional quality of leafy vegetables. Employing the principles of the Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) system combined with fault tree analysis (FTA), a traceability model for the entire production and sale process of leafy vegetables is constructed. Four common leafy vegetables, spinach, rape, lettuce, and celery are examined in this research to establish a nutritional quality index system using fuzzy mathematics subordinate function method to evaluate nutritional quality. A nutritional quality and safety traceability system based on browser/server architecture and quick response (QR) code is then designed and developed for full traceability of leafy vegetable quality. This method can ensure food safety and hygiene through the control of key factors affecting food safety throughout the entire supply chain process.