Production Paradigm Research Articles

Complementary Use of Ground-Based Proximal Sensing and Airborne/Spaceborne Remote Sensing Techniques in Precision Agriculture: A Systematic Review

As the global population continues to increase, projected to reach an estimated 9.7 billion people by 2050, there will be a growing demand for food production and agricultural resources. Transition toward Agriculture 4.0 is expected to enhance agricultural productivity through the integration of advanced technologies, increase resource efficiency, ensure long-term food security by applying more sustainable farming practices, and enhance resilience and climate change adaptation. By integrating technologies such as ground IoT sensing and remote sensing, via both satellite and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), and exploiting data fusion and data analytics, farming can make the transition to a more efficient, productive, and sustainable paradigm. The present work performs a systematic literature review (SLR), identifying the challenges associated with UAV, Satellite, and Ground Sensing in their application in agriculture, comparing them and discussing their complementary use to facilitate Precision Agriculture (PA) and transition to Agriculture 4.0.

Produksi Menurut Muhammad Abdul Mannan Dan Relevansinya Terhadap Sustainable Development Goals (SDGS)

Islam controls all aspects of human economic life, including production, distribution, and consumption—activities that are crucial for generating economic growth. According to an article by Abdul Mannan, this production paradigm establishes the idea that morality and profit are both important factors in economic welfare. This study is driven by moral responsibility disparities that are at odds with the idea of production and a need to examine how thinking relates to the SDGs agenda. In-depth analysis of this relevance is done using the characters' thinking. This study employs a qualitative methodology, a library research approach, and content analysis as the research tool. This investigation clarifies Mannan's theory of production. The findings of this study demonstrate that Mannan's ideas about Islamic production are highly pertinent to the SDGs, which can also promote moral responsibility in every aspect of production.

A framework for multi-robot control in execution of a Swarm Production System

Swarm Production Systems adopt an agile, reconfigurable and flexible production philosophy using mobile robot platforms for workstations and material transport. As a result, the factory floor can continuously restructure itself to an optimal spatial topology suited to any given production mix. This new production paradigm has to deal with frequently changing factory layouts and an execution plan for a fleet of autonomous robots in the planning stage. For every reconfiguration in the event of a change of order, the carrier and process robots require an initial task plan prior to runtime production and a reactive mechanism to adapt to uncertainties on the shop floor. An interoperable management system across the production and robotics domain called the Swarm Manager handles the task planning, allocation and scheduling for process and product transport robots. This research provides conceptualization with an abstract framework and an architecture describing methods with required functionalities for a Swarm Manager. A generic framework based on multi-agent systems addresses the explicit functional scope for individual agents inside the Swarm Manager. Based on the functional needs, a system-level architecture is proposed to explain algorithms within task planning, allocation and scheduling agents, and information flow within them.

The evolution of logistics paradigms: The role of the technological factor

Aim. To identify the key stages and features of the development of logistics paradigms, as well as to justify the place and role of technology in their evolution.Tasks. To determine the main reasons for evolutionary changes in the development of logistics at different stages of its history in the context of technological development; to identify general patterns and key stages in the development of logistics paradigms; to characterize the features of each paradigm, including principles, tools and logistics concepts.Methods. In this article, using general scientific methods, as well as systemic, comparative and historical approaches, the features of the development and change of logistic paradigms, taking into account the factors of their evolution, are revealed.Results. The stages of evolution of logistic paradigms are systematized. It is shown that the most important reasons and conditions that triggered the changes in logistic approaches were technological changes. The conclusion about combining analytical and informational logistic paradigms in the production paradigm, reflecting the possibility of using information technology for modeling logistic processes, has been substantiated. It has been proved that the current stage in the evolution of logistic paradigms is determined by the spread of so-called end-to-end technologies (big data, artificial intelligence, etc.) to the field of logistics, which defines a new logistic paradigm as digital. The results of the study can be used to develop new approaches and concepts in logistics, increase the efficiency of logistics processes and improve the quality of services provided to consumers.Conclusions. The main reasons for evolutionary changes in the development of logistics and the change of logistics paradigms are new economic challenges and technological development, which creates opportunities for improving the efficiency of logistics systems under new conditions. The change of each logistic paradigm is a natural process of evolution, which is associated primarily with the accumulation of knowledge and the development of new technologies that create new opportunities for improving the efficiency of logistic systems.

Circular fashion: evolving practices in a changing industry

Today we are witnessing a change in the production paradigm of the fashion industry. The negative impacts of different processes along the supply chain are evident and consumers have begun to shift to brands seeking effective organizational strategies and supply chain-management models that consider the safeguarding of the planet’s resources and demonstrate respect for people. Impelled by these developments, fashion brands are moving from market-driven to purpose-driven strategies. The fashion industry is now recognizing the circular economy (CE) as the leading entrepreneurial model for addressing supply-chain issues related to sustainability. However, there are still gaps in the levels of environmental, economic, social, and cultural sustainability being achieved. Implementation of this model on a large scale is still in the early stages and recent experience indicates a need to rethink the current linear system to enable different actors along the fashion-supply chain to adapt. Further, the fashion system lacks a holistic vision that can support and guide this sustainable transformation toward CE. This article describes how several companies are currently implementing circularity and presents evidence that an emphasis on this concept is relevant for the global fashion industry. It aims to show how emergent design practices are supporting fashion companies to better focus their sustainability agendas, to approach them in a holistic manner, and to consider all business processes with the goal of implementing sustainable development strategies. Analyzing contemporary design-driven best practices, the article introduces a taxonomy highlighting effective ongoing strategies (mini-loops) leading to incremental changes toward CE. Furthermore, it synthesizes possible future trajectories that could lead the fashion system to finally close the loop of circularity.

A Resource Nexus Analysis Methodology for Quantifying Synergies and Trade-Offs in the Agricultural Sector and Revealing Implications of a Legume Production Paradigm Shift

Resource management in the sustainability context has increasingly been a key object that makes the application of holistic approaches an imperative need. The water–energy–food nexus concept offers tools for such system analysis in an integrated manner, through the identification and quantification of synergies and trade-offs. The agricultural sector often constitutes one of the main resource depletion hotspots. In this article, a nexus assessment methodological approach is developed for an agricultural context. Water, energy, food, land uses, and greenhouse gas emissions are perceived as nexus components. The methodology considers resource uses within and outside the biogeographical system boundaries, interpreting them as direct and indirect interlinkages. The methodology is validated on an actual case study, in Thessaly, Central Greece. Four nexus indicators are introduced to assess the impact of different land use planning scenarios. Legume production, which has been considered as a relatively beneficial land use among other crop choices, is tested against the four nexus indicators. Multiple advantages of such a land use paradigm shift are revealed, specific to the directions of food security, energy security, and economic sustainability.

Understanding the Nature and Rationale of Carbon Neutrality

To achieve carbon neutrality, it is necessary to grasp the essence of carbon neutrality. This paper looks into a few fundamental issues of carbon neutrality, and provides an in-depth analysis from the perspectives of environmental sustainability, technological innovation, economic viability, energy security, and international cooperation. It is shown that efforts for carbon neutrality need to focus on the key carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from fossil fuel combustion. Fossil energy is considered to play a role as a short-term “ballast stone”, but its attributes decide that it can hardly lead to a sustainable future, and its phasing-out is inevitable. Disruptive zero-carbon energy production and revolutionary technological innovation in its consumption are accelerating that phasing-out process; the zero-carbon-oriented carbon neutrality goal is growing more resilient to market headwinds and releasing momentum for high-quality development. Carbon capture and carbon sinks are indispensable, but they are unable to provide a satisfactory path to carbon neutrality. Carbon neutrality requires substantial capital investment, which can be provided by zero-carbon products with ever-increasing market competitiveness. Investment in high carbon fossil fuel industry can be risky. High carbon lock-in not only increases the difficulty of carbon neutrality, but also intensifies the risk of energy security, and it is difficult to avoid the risk of market crowding-out, resulting in huge amounts of capital waste. Consequently, decarbonization is the trend of the times, giving an edge on seeking international justice and a louder voice in the international community, and also the focus of market competitiveness. However, the target year for carbon neutrality in China is before 2060, indicating that carbon neutrality is not a short-term goal. Therefore, it is impossible and unnecessary to have it realized overnight. The opportunity of carbon neutrality should be well taken for quality growth of the economy and enhancement of people’s well-being. Carbon neutrality is a long-term process which calls for thorough plans and step-by-step actions. It is also evident that along with energy revolution, carbon neutrality also brings revolutionary transformation of relations of production and development paradigm.

Fully Remote Software Development as a New Standard in the IT Industry: European Study 2022—2023

The pandemic and the emergence of the COVID-economy continue to have a significant impact on the organization of labor in the industries of the "new economy", of which the information technology industry is a prominent representative. By 2023, a significant number of Russian, European and global IT corporations and small software companies are working in a completely remote mode — outside the offices and without personal meetings of employees even within the same software development team. This article presents the results of a European study (Dec. 2022 — Jan. 2023), covering the experience of 48 software development and IT support teams in companies headquartered in Europe: Yandex, Sberbank, VTB to Deutsche Bank, ATOS IT, Finastra, etc. The experts determined the level of demand for new organizational and production paradigms in software development and presented their ideas and forecasts on the development of fully remote software development as a new IT industry standard in the medium term 2023—2024. The results of the study are presented in the form of solving the relevant research problems and testing the hypotheses about the level of consolidation of new paradigms in the practice of leading IT companies and their impact on the corporate culture and business processes of IT companies.

Cloud manufacturing architectures: State-of-art, research challenges and platforms description

The increasing incorporation of digital technologies in industrial systems in recent years, and their corresponding connection to the Internet of Things, has made it possible to offer production services through the cloud, giving rise to the Cloud Manufacturing production paradigm. This paradigm allows customers and production service providers to meet on a virtual platform, and from there, to generate business opportunities. In turn, different production service providers can associate with each other, in such a way that each one can enhance the level of service they offer or even take advantage of their idle capacity by offering it to other providers. These advantages have increased the interest in Cloud Manufacturing, yielding a wide number of architectures and systems that enable these interactions. In this paper, we present a comprehensive study about these architectures, as well as a review of the current literature on the subject. For this, a systematic review of the literature is reported. Based on an in-depth review of the selected works, we were able to identify the main contributions of the current state of the literature about Cloud Manufacturing architectures. Four lines of research were identified that should be strengthened and expanded in the future to continue with the development of this paradigm. These lines are: (i) digital twins developments, (ii) scheduling and logistics, (iii) services composition and resources sharing and (iv) interoperability. Finally, it is presented an open-source project for Cloud Manufacturing architectures and their implementation, which emerge from the literature review as a promising tool to leverage Cloud Manufacturing technologies.

Towards a smart lean green production paradigm to improve operational performance

Over the past decades more and more production companies have adopted the lean paradigm to get operational performance improvements. More recently, the competitive environment is requiring an increasing attention towards sustainability issues leading to the implementation of practices to also improve sustainability performance and, in particular, the environmental impacts. The relationships between lean and green approaches in terms of their mutual influence in achieving target performance have been investigated in several studies (see for example (Dieste et al., 2019)– (Henao et al., 2019)). Most of related studies identify a supportive relationship between the two paradigms, and only few negative effects have been identified. Whilst the impact on performance in lean-green contexts has become a field of research in its own, little has been said in literature about how the new Industry 4.0 (smart manufacturing) paradigm and the emerging technologies, impacting in every area of a production company, can be of support to further strengthen the lean-green binomial (an exception is represented by (Duarte and Cruz-Machado, 2017)).This paper aims at proposing a framework to analyse how a smart environment relying on the Industry 4.0 tools and technologies can support the evolution of a lean-green company towards higher levels of operational performance. The final goal is to support practitioners in the strategic choice of what smart technologies to adopt in combination with selected lean and green practices to create an impact on selected operations strategy indicators or to identify initiatives to fill operational gaps in the context of a continuous improvement and radical innovations plans. Such approach may serve as a signpost for the shaping of operations strategies, especially in relation to technology management. In order to achieve the above-mentioned goal, a four-step methodology has been adopted to review the existing literature and to organize it in a way that allows highlighting the impacts of smart technologies, lean and green practices on performance indicators and to identify possible reciprocal influences. Eventually, to get a validation of the proposed approach, a semi-structured interview has been shared with four manufacturing small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to get their perspective on framework potential benefits.

Heat and carbon uptake in the Southern Ocean: the state of the art and future priorities.

Heat and carbon uptake in the Southern Ocean: the state of the art and future priorities.

The Circular Economy as a New Production Paradigm to Enhance Resilience of MNEs and the Economic System

The consumption of natural resources has dramatically increased over the last 50 years and is expected to continue to rise. Also, environmental and geopolitical issues expose the economic system to uncertainty and risk. We claim that the circular economy approach is a potential solution that enables multinational enterprises to enhance their resilience by reducing the reliance on raw materials and the fragility of the supply chain, improving efficiency, and generating new revenue streams. This, in turn, affects the global value chains and the economic system. Lastly, we outline the role of all global economic actors in the circular transformation.

Flow shop scheduling of hybrid make-to-stock and make-to-order in a distributed precast concrete production system

Prefabrication is not only economically optimal but also environmentally sustainable; hence, it is the future of construction. Furthermore, mass customization is the future of prefabrication. In the mass customization era, the production paradigm in precast concrete (PC) factories will inevitably shift toward a blend of make-to-order (MTO) and make-to-stock (MTS) from the current MTO dominant model. Because PC factories have more motivation to fulfill MTO orders to secure profit, a hierarchical scheduling mechanism of MTO first and MTS second seems reasonable. Meanwhile, an emerging trend of expanding factories overseas is observed in the PC industry, especially in land-scarce countries like Singapore. Given additional resources, the new multiple-factory production network leads to relatively relaxed MTO due dates, which makes the proposed hierarchical scheduling mechanism more sensible. However, finding an optimal production plan for hybrid MTO and MTS on multiple production lines is not easy. There is an assignment problem in addition to the scheduling problem. Both the assignment problem and the scheduling problem are in the class of combinatorial optimization problems (COPs). Given that the use of meta-heuristics for solving complex COPs is a rapidly growing research topic, this paper employs meta-heuristic methods to solve the two problems simultaneously. Comparisons between the genetic algorithm and the whale optimization algorithm are made. Through the computational evaluation of a test case, the performance and effectiveness of the proposed methods are verified.

Writing the Hong Kong self: fiction, artifacts and the making of history in Dung Kai-cheung’s Works and Creation: Vivid and Lifelike

ABSTRACT Hong Kong’s tumultuous political history over the last decade has continuously shed some light on the city’s complicated relationship with the Chinese mainland. At its core, this relationship is manifested in a nexus of power struggles between three contending ideologies—localism, Chinese nationalism and Western imperialism—that has prevailed all through Hong Kong’s colonial rule. This paper attempts to offer an alternative conceptual framework under which Hong Kong’s coloniality and its connection to the mainland are viewed with more nuances. Centering on the Hong Kong native writer Dung Kai-cheung’s 2005 novel Works and Creation: Vivid and Lifelike, this paper examines the ways in which Works interrogates the shifting paradigms of knowledge production on Hong Kong identity alongside the historical development of the city. In particular, my analysis focuses on how the narrator purposefully sets up a parallel between the creation of self and that of modern artifacts, leading eventually to a parallel between fiction writing and existing discourses of history and identity. Such a way of presenting Hong Kong’s history draws attention not only to the deficiencies in existing discourses on identity as embedded in the above-mentioned power structure, but also to the danger of imagining Hong Kong’s future in a perpetually dichotomized manner. Despite being written in the opening years of the twenty-first century, Works proves to be an insightful contribution—as this paper ultimately seeks to demonstrate—to Hong Kong’s ongoing political struggles.

Against academic “resourcification”: collaboration as delinking from extractivist “area studies” paradigms

ABSTRACT This article engages Asia Bazdyrieva’s idea of the “resourcification” of Ukraine – that is, the reduction of Ukraine in Soviet and Western geopolitical imaginations to a mere extraction resource – to develop and criticize the idea of “academic resourcification.” The author argues that Western researchers have often treated Ukrainian (and other non-Western) subjects as extraction resources, mining their expertise and knowledge, without acknowledging their agency or contributions in their work. The article argues for the decolonization of Western academic practice in the form of “delinking” from such exploitative and extractivist paradigms of knowledge production and instead aspiring, in the words of the decolonial scholar Walter Mignolo, to “thinking and doing otherwise.” Asking what it means to decolonize academia, the article turns for inspiration to Ukrainian decolonial researcher-artist-activists, considering the ways in which these individuals are modelling more equitable and ethical forms of knowledge production. The article ends by advocating collaborative methods – that is, the co-production of knowledge with local thinkers, rather than about them – as a productive model for Western scholars in their efforts to decolonize their research.

Circular Economy Industry 4.0 Technologies Using TOPSIS (Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution Method

Circular Economy and Industry 4.0 Technologies Introduction: Markets that promote product reuse rather than product elimination and subsequent extraction of new resources are examples of a circular economy. All waste categories, including clothing, scrap metal, and outdated technology, are recycled or put to better use in such economies. This approach can offer a solution not only to safeguard the environment but also to use natural resources more wisely and produce new industries, jobs, and skill sets. A paradigm of production and consumption known as the "circular economy" incorporates sharing, leasing, reuse, repair, refurbishment, and recycling to lengthen the package's life cycle. The primary goal of a circular economic model is to design out waste. This model is predicated on the idea that there is no such thing as waste. To accomplish this, last-generation products are made with high-quality materials and are amenable to the extraction and reuse cycle, making it easier for users to handle, modify, or update them. The circular economic model is ultimately distinguished by these short product cycles, with the exception of disposal and recycling, which waste a significant amount of embodied energy and labor. The ultimate objective is to manage finite stocks and balance renewable resource flows to protect and enhance natural capital. Research significance: The circular economic model distinguishes between the cycles of technology and biology. Consumption only occurs during biological cycles when biologically-based goods are intended to replenish the system through procedures like food, compost, or anaerobic digestion of cork, linen, or other materials. These cycles recreate environments that give the economy renewable resources, such as soil or the ocean. Technical cycles, on the other hand, restore and reuse products through tactics like recycling, reusing, repairing, or producing something new. Ultimately, one of the goals of the circular economy is to increase resource yields by focusing on the components, goods, and services that are circulated and used most frequently across the technological and biological cycles. The concept of the circular economy gained popularity in China in the 1990s in response to economic expansion and the depletion of natural resources. The central idea of the circular economy concept is to strike a balance between resource and environmental use, capitalizing on material flow and recycling, and economic growth Methodology: ideal solution (TOPSIS) is prioritized through unity is a technique that provides, this is a multicriteria decision analytical method. TOPSIS stands for (PIS). Short geometric distance alternative to select is the positive ideal solution, basically distance to have ideal solution of thought (nis) negative too long from is geometry. Of TOPSIS the assumption is even greater is, is coming or going the criteria are the same are increasing. Many parameters in scaling problems or criteria often improper dimensions normalizations due to having are generally required. Alternative: Reliability, Responsiveness, Agility, Costs, Active management efficiency. Evaluation preference: Regenerate, Share, Optimise, Loop, Virtualise, Exchange. Results: From the result it is seen that Share is got the first rank where as is the Regenerate is having the lowest rank.

3D Baskı Teknolojisinin Çevre ve Ekonomi Bağlamında Kitlesel Özelleştirme ve Tedarik Zinciri Üzerindeki Yıkıcı Doğası

Today's production paradigm is shaped by mass production, where production processes and tools are standardized, expertise is not taken much into account, and the same products are produced either in batches or massively in small varieties. Production is carried out in factories in certain centers, and the products produced are often distributed all over the world. There is a need for a multi-agent supply chain network and supply chain management with the stages of delivering the products to the final consumer, starting from the pre-production stage. It has become clear that the need for a complex supply chain network by producing products from a single center is no longer economical and environmentally friendly. In recent years, consumers have started to think about the harmful effects of the products they buy. Changing customer needs and demands have also made companies consider the mass customization production model. Recently, three-dimensional printing technologies, also defined as additive manufacturing technology, have emerged as a new production technology. With this disruptive technology, production models and supply chain networks are subject to change and transformation. In this study, the environmental and economic benefits of 3D printing technology are analyzed in the context of mass customization production model and supply chains.

Do We Consider Sustainability When We Measure Small and Medium Enterprises’ (SMEs’) Performance Passing through Digital Transformation?

Small-medium enterprises (SMEs) represent 90% of business globally. Digital Transformation (DT) affects SMEs differently from larger companies because although SMEs have more flexibility and agility for adapting to new circumstances, they also have more limited resources and specialization capabilities. Thus, it is fundamental to measure SMEs’ performance considering different perspectives. Here, we describe and analyze the state-of-the-art of DT in SMEs, focusing on performance measurement. We center on whether the tools used by SMEs encompass the triple bottom line of sustainability (i.e., environmental, social, and economic aspects). To do so, in December 2021, we performed a comprehensive systematic literature review (SLR) on the Web of Science and Scopus. In addition, we also explored a novel approach for SLR: topic modeling with a machine learning technique (Latent Dirichlet Allocation). The differences and interchangeability of both methods are discussed. The findings show that sustainability is treated as a separate topic in the literature. The social and environmental aspects are the most neglected. This paper contributes to sustainable development goals (SDGs) 1, 5, 8, 9, 10, and 12. A conceptual framework and future research directions are proposed. Thus, this paper is also valuable for policymakers and SMEs switching their production paradigm toward sustainability and DT.

The rivalry trap – plant-based foods as transformers and destroyers

Purpose The purpose of this paper, applying concepts in the plant-based food sector, is a focus on the competitive rival trap for startup firms, with their initial advantage for under-served market segments, only to be overtaken by scale, speed, and brands of incumbent brand firms. As a case study of industry transformation, the food production sector illustrates how organizational innovation brings new forms of rivalry, from the farm gate to the kitchen plate. As a result, startups face a rivalry trap, if unable to scale quickly, as incumbents reframe their strategic response with startup acquisitions, corporate incubators or alliance partnerships consumer demand. Design/methodology/approach This paper outlines the features of precision agriculture, a new paradigm for agriculture and food production, requiring new competences and skillsets in the protein revolution, including issues like virus, bacteria and the molecular structure of food groups, animal breeding and veterinary medicine. Plant-based foods is used as a case study for startups and the rivalry trap. Findings The emergence of plant-based foods is a case study of market opportunity and creative destruction, where the potential market varies from $25bn to $72bn, and growing faster in the dairy sector. However, food incumbents bring new strategic responses and a rivalry trap, where startups must gain scale quickly in capabilities, talent and marketing prowess, often exploiting demand in market niches unimpeded by incumbent rivals. Research limitations/implications Startups in biological sciences face massive challenges to increase scale and scope, even with unique intellectual property. Practical implications Startup firms need multidisciplinary management teams with a global outlook. Social implications Plant-based foods form part of the protein revolution but face challenges of scale, cost competitiveness and taste, despite advantages for climate mitigation. Originality/value The impact of technological and science applications has blurred the traditional concept of industry boundary, with huge variations in the intangible knowledge component in their core activities and capabilities. Underlying variations imply that not all industries have similar supply demand conditions, with variations in input costs, capital intensity and innovation needs, with strategic implications for the rivalry trap.

A New Cross-Flow Type Turbine for Ultra-Low Head in Streams and Channels

In the last few decades, hydropower production has been moving toward a new paradigm of low and diffused power density production of energy with small and mini-hydro plants, which usually do not require significant water storage. In the case of nominal power lower than 20 kW and ultra-low head H (H < 5 m), Archimedes screw or Kaplan type turbines are usually chosen due to their efficiency, which is higher than 0.85. A new cross-flow type turbine called Ultra-low Power Recovery System (UL-PRS) is proposed and its geometry and design criteria are validated in a wide range of operating conditions through 2D numerical analysis computed using the ANSYS Fluent solver. The new proposed solution is much simpler than the previously mentioned competitors; its outlet flow has a horizontal direction and attains similar efficiency. The costs of the UL-PRS turbine are compared with the costs of one Kaplan and one cross-flow turbine (CFT) in the case study of the main water treatment plant of the city of Palermo in Italy. In this case, the UL-PRS efficiency is estimated using a URANS 3D numerical analysis computed with the CFX solver.