Production Of Silica Nanoparticles Research Articles

A Comparative Study on Rice Husk, as Agricultural Waste, in the Production of Silica Nanoparticles via Different Methods.

This study explores the conversion of agricultural waste into valuable industrial precursors, specifically focusing on the production of silica nanoparticles from rice husk (RH) via calcination and sol-gel processes. The synthesized particles underwent detailed analysis to assess their chemical composition, structural features, morphological characteristics, and size distribution. This comparative analysis evaluates the effectiveness of various methods in generating silica from RH and examines the impact of different drying techniques, including freeze-drying and conventional thermal drying, on the properties of the resulting silica nanoparticles. Utilizing a combination of sol-gel and freeze-drying techniques produced spherical nanoparticles with diameters of 10 to 20 nm, characterized by size uniformity, clear contours, and minimal aggregation. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis identified the amorphous nature of the silica, as evidenced by diffraction peaks typical of amorphous silica in the RH-derived samples processed via different methods. Significantly, the XRD patterns of the calcination-derived silica showed no foreign peaks, indicating a purer amorphous state. The findings of this study are anticipated to contribute to the development of innovative and efficient silica nanomaterials, fostering the sustainable use of agricultural waste.

Penicillium oxalicum-mediated the green synthesis of silica nanoparticles: characterization and environmental applications

AbstractIn terms of biocompatibility, environmental friendliness, scalability, and cost-effectiveness, green nanoparticle (NP) synthesis is a modern area of nanotechnology that performs better than physical and chemical methods. The utilization of endophytic Penicillium oxalicum for the biogenesis of silica nanoparticles is the goal of the current work. The structural and optical properties of the fungal produced silica nanoparticles were investigated utilizing transmission electron microscopy (TEM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), x ray diffraction (XRD) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). All of the investigated parameters and their interactions were found to have a significant effect on the crystallite size, according to the results. The average diameter size of the biosynthesized SiO2-NPs was ranged between 20 -50 nm. The size of the biosynthesized SiO2-NPs was 28.7 nm, and their crystalline nature was confirmed by XRD, according to characterization results. A surface plasmon resonance spectrum of silica nanoparticles was obtained at 280 nm. Under UV light, Ribazol black b and Crystal violet dyes were photocatalytically degraded utilizing biosynthesized SiO2 nanoparticles. The highest decolorization percentage of Crystal violet and Ribazol black b was 94.1% ± 1.2% and 85.1% ± 0.93%, respectively after 90 and 120 min, for both crystal violet and Ribazol black b of incubation at 50.0 mg mL─1 of SiO2 nanoparticles. Furthermore, SiO2-NPs were successfully used more than once for biodegradation and that was regarded as its efficacy. Silica nanoparticles were used to remove Co, Pb, Cd, and Zn with percentages of 99.9% ± 1.2%, 99.9% ± 1.3%, 99.9% ± 1.3%, and 99.4% ± 1.4%, respectively. The phytotoxicity test was investigated by using Zea mays L seed which the root length increases to (28 ± 0.35) and (21 ± 0.51) cm, respectively when subjected tothe treated CV and Ribazole black b effluent... In conclusion, endophytic Penicillium oxalicum was used to successfully biosynthesize SiO2-NPs, which showed, phytotoxicity, heavy metal bioremediation, and photocatalytic activity against CV and Ribazol black b dye.

Production of silica nanoparticles from rice husk and rice straw by fungal-mediated biotransformation using Pleurotus florida

Production of silica nanoparticles from rice husk and rice straw by fungal-mediated biotransformation using Pleurotus florida

Sustainable economic production of silica nanoparticles from rice husks for adsorptive removal of anionic and cationic dyes

The present study explores a novel microwave-assisted (MW) approach for advancing the sol-gel synthesis of silica nanoparticles from rice husk (RSN) to mitigate methylene blue (MB) and congo red (CR). According to physico-chemical and yield analysis, 50 min of MW calcination produced a high yield of 92 % RSN (RSN50) with a high surface area (208 m2/g). Under optimized conditions, the maximum adsorption capacities of MB and CR on RSN50 were 48.1 mg/g (at pH 5.6, Langmuir model) and 58.5 mg/g (at pH 2, Hills model), respectively. The MB adsorption kinetics on RSN50 followed a pseudo-second-order indicating chemisorption while CR adsorption on RSN50 followed a pseudo-first-order mechanism and positive ΔG signifying non-spontaneity. A regeneration study for 5 consecutive cycles showed retention of % dye removal capacity. The cost assessment showed a profit when compared to commercial silica nanoparticles proposing an efficient, economical, and sustainable substitute for varied applications.

Green synthesis of SiO2 nanoparticles from Egyptian white sand using submerged and solid-state culture of fungi

Abstract This work aims to successfully produce silica nanoparticles (SNPs) from Egyptian white sand using the fungal bioleaching process as a cost-effective and eco-friendly approach. The impact of fungus cultivation techniques (submerged culture SMC and solid-state culture SSC) on the characteristics of the produced SNPs has been investigated. In addition, the most promising fungal isolates for each culture method were selected and identified by morphological and molecular methods. The biosynthesized SNPs were fully characterized by DLS, FTIR, XRD, SEM, EDX, and HRTEM studies. DLS results showed that Aspergillus niger solid-state culture had developed SNPs with a mean particle size distribution of about 3.6 nm, whereas Penicillium crustosum submerged culture developed SNPs with 50.7 nm. SEM images revealed that the prepared SNPs under SMC and SSC have sphere-shaped particles with smooth surfaces and semi-homogeneous characteristics. Moreover, the HRTEM imaging confirmed the spherical shape with an average size of 3.5 and 28.8 nm for the nanosilica synthesized during solid-state and submerged culture, respectively. Based on the results, we recommended using SSC to produce silica nanoparticles from white sand with a small nano-size, high purity, and better economical production. The scientific advances focused on some particular fungi's capacity to manufacture SNPs with high purity, small size, and techniques that were both economical and environmentally beneficial. Graphical Abstract

Acid Chemical Treatment for Creating Nano-Silica for Construction Applications

Rice wastes are rich of silica content. It is subjected to an acid chemical treatment, followed by the sol-gel process, and then it is burned in an electric muffle furnace at a temperature of 600 degrees Celsius. This produced silica nanoparticles. The inorganic contaminants in the rice husk ash were purified by leaching them with Hydrochloric acid, boiling them between 80 and 85 degrees Celsius, and then washing them till the PH value reached the neutral limit of 7. The methods involved in preparing the nano-silica (NS) samples were carried out in somewhat different ways for each of the three samples. X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used in order to evaluate each specimen in terms of its level of purity and the size of its individual particles. In addition, the three samples were added to concrete mix at 2% of the total binder content as an addition. The compressive strengths of these concretes were then assessed at 7 and 28 days of age and compared with the compressive strengths of normal and silica fume concretes. In addition, the performance of an NS sample with greater purity, smaller particle size, and better responsiveness in concrete was compared to that of commercial NS. It was discovered that the NS can be made at a price and with qualities comparable to those of commercially available NS, which were deemed to be fair. Additionally, the influence of locally manufactured NS on the strength of the concrete was shown to be more evident than the effect of commercially produced NS.

Bio-fabrication of Bio-inspired Silica Nanomaterials from Bryophyllum pinnatumLeaf for Agricultural Applications.

A green chemistry approach was employed to synthesize silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) using aqueous extract of Bryophyllum pinnatumleaf as capping agents. The novelty of this study was to produce silica nanoparticles using the biological method. An analysis of the physicochemical properties of formed nanoparticles was successfully completed through sophisticated characterization methods, such as UV-Visible absorbance spectroscopy, Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive X-ray, zeta potential analysis, and thermo-gravimetric analysis. All the characterization results indicated their spherical morphology and amorphous nature with an average size of 24nm. FT-IR results highlighted the key bioactive compounds that could be responsible for capping and reducing the formation of SiNPs. Synthesized SiNPs show excellent stability with a negativezeta potentialvalue of - 32mV. The biomolecules from B. pinnatum were successfully working for the formation of Si NPs with spherical shapes. Moreover, to assess the agricultural application, green-synthesized SiNPs were carried out by seed germination assay onVigna radiata. The seed germination assay confirms that a low concentration of SiNPs enhances seed germination. Meanwhile, a higher concentration of the SiNPs inhibits seed germination and shoot, and root formation. SiNPs at optimum concentration could be used in the agriculture field as nano growth promoters.

Enzyme Encapsulation by Facile Self-Assembly Silica-Modified Magnetic Nanoparticles for Glucose Monitoring in Urine.

Silica nanoparticles hold tremendous potential for the encapsulation of enzymes. However, aqueous alcohol solutions and catalysts are prerequisites for the production of silica nanoparticles, which are too harsh for maintaining the enzyme activity. Herein, a procedure without any organic solvents and catalysts (acidic or alkaline) is developed for the synthesis of silica-encapsulated glucose-oxidase-coated magnetic nanoparticles by a facile self-assembly route, avoiding damage of the enzyme structure in the reaction system. The encapsulated enzyme was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectrometry, and a vibrating sample magnetometer. Finally, a colorimetric sensing method was developed for the detection of glucose in urine samples based on the encapsulated glucose oxidase and a hydrogen peroxide test strip. The method exhibited a good linear performance in the concentration range of 20~160 μg mL−1 and good recoveries ranging from 94.3 to 118.0%. This work proves that the self-assembly method could be employed to encapsulate glucose oxidase into silica-coated magnetic particles. The developed colorimetric sensing method shows high sensitivity, which will provide a promising tool for the detection of glucose and the monitoring of diabetes.

A facile approach to synthesis of silica nanoparticles from silica sand and their application as superhydrophobic material

ABSTRACT We present a facile method to produce silica nanoparticles as a superhydrophobic material which has been successfully synthesized by mechanical milling and the sol–gel method. The powder obtained was characterized using scanning electronic microscopy, X-Ray Diffraction, particle size distribution, and zeta potential. The effects of alcohol solvents on synthesis, such as on particle size, particle size distribution, and zeta potential, were examined thoroughly. To evaluate the surface modification of silica nanoparticles from hydrophilic to hydrophobic properties, IR spectra was applied. Surface modification was conducted prior to the evaluation of the superhydrophobic properties of silica nanoparticles on the glass substrate. In this study, silica nanoparticles in the ethanol solvent achieved optimum results with a particle size of 170.3 ± 14.3 nm and the highest zeta potential of −50.4 ± 0.3 mV, which is the best superhydrophobic effect on the glass substrate. In addition, the superhydrophobic effect of the silica nanoparticles was also applied to the bitumen, as both coating and mixing with the water contact angle was increased to 149.2° and 148.1° compared to the bitumen without silica nanoparticles. Due to their simplicity and low-cost, modified silica nanoparticles show great potential for industrial applications as superhydrophobic material on the bitumen.

Yield and properties of nanobiosilica extracted from rice husk using technical grade chemicals: effect of extraction temperatures and times

Silica particles contained in rice husk (RH) are valuable materials with various industrial applications. However, simple and feasible techniques for large-scale production of silica nanoparticles from RH (nanobiosilica) remain challenging. This study was aimed to investigate the influence of extraction temperatures and times on the yield and characteristics of nanobiosilica extracted from rice husk ash (RHA) using technical grade chemicals. The nanobiosilica was extracted from RHA using a simple sol-gel technique at three temperatures (25, 50, and 70 ˚C) for three extraction times (1, 2, and 3 h). The results showed that the extraction yield of nanobiosilica was significantly influenced by the extraction temperatures and times. The highest extraction yield (67.2%) was obtained at a temperature of 70 ˚C for 3 h. The use of technical grade chemicals affected the quality of nanobiosilica produced. The concentration of SiO2 in nanobiosilica from the best treatment was 86.21%. The presence of asymmetric Si-O-Si functional group was observed at 1101.68 cm−1 wavelength. The nanobiosilica produced had particle sizes of 25.1-40.6 nm, bulk density of 0.67-0.81 g/mL, and averaged crystallinity degree of 58.50%. The best extraction technique developed may be used for large-production of nanobiosilica from RHA, depending on technical specifications required for further applications.

A Reactive Molecular Dynamics Simulation of the Flame Synthesis of Silica Nanoparticles

Reactive molecular dynamics simulations (RMDS) with the ReaxFF force field are used to study nucleation and growth of silica nanoparticles during flame synthesis from tetramethoxysilane (TMOS). Two reactive systems (A & B) are considered and formation and/or consumption of various reactants, intermediates and products are followed. In the RMDSs of system A (TMOS, O2, SiO2, and Ar), the temperature-dependence of the formation of initial SimOn seeds show that formation of transient SiO3C3H9 intermediate is an important stage in the conversion of TMOS to the initial SimOn seeds, which then aggregate to produce silica nanoparticles. Increasing temperature speeds up this conversion. Results of the RMDSs on system B (TMOS, O2, Ar, and {SimOn}; the SimOn seeds play the role of initial silica nanoparticles) show that at 2100 K, weak EFs (~1 V/A) narrows the size distribution of the silica nanoparticles compared to that in the absence of EF while by application of stronger EFs (4-8 V/A), the initial SimOn nanoparticles split into smaller species. In the absence of EF, increasing temperature from 1500 K to 3000 K increases sizes of the nanoparticles. The radial distribution functions, coordination numbers, and atomic compositions are used to characterize nanoparticles and evolution of the reaction.

Silica Nanoparticles Synthesized from Maize Cob using Modified Sol-Gel Method

Silica has found applications in many industries. Its production from agricultural wastes has been reported but with marked agglomeration of the final product. This work investigated production of silica nanoparticles from maize cob and effect of sol-gel modification with ethylene glycol on degree of agglomeration was also examined. This work also explored the effects of acid pre/post calcination treatments of the maize cob. Maize cob was treated with HCl prior to and after calcination. Using sol-gel method, silica was produced from both untreated and treated maize cobs. Ethylene glycol was also added to sodium silicate prior to precipitation of silica gel for modification of the conventional sol-gel procedure. The results showed that acid treatments affect the purity of silica nanoparticles. Ethylene glycol was observed to reduce degree of agglomeration in silica nanoparticles production from agricultural wastes. Silica nanoparticles of sizes between 5 and 50 nm were successfully synthesized.
 Keywords: Agricultural Wastes, Maize cob, Amorphous silica, Agglomeration, Sol-gel, Acid pre-treatment.

Flame spray pyrolysis optimization via statistics and machine learning

Flame spray pyrolysis (FSP) is an important manufacturing process whereby nanomaterials are produced through the combustion of atomized fuel containing dissolved precursor elements. While FSP has the potential to enable the scalable production of a wide range of next generation energy materials, it also has a multi-scale, multi-physics character, and a large number of processing variables. Optimizing the process for desirable material outcomes by traditional approaches is challenging. In this work, the processing parameter space is explored via a new and efficient methodology that includes statistical methods such as Latin hypercube design of experiments, machine learning surrogate modeling, and Bayesian optimization. As a result, the FSP process is optimized for enhanced performance. Specifically, in-situ particle size measurements are used to tailor the production of silica nanoparticles for a low spread in particle diameters with respect to the mean particle diameter, resulting in an improvement of 25.5% over the baseline within 15 experimental trials. In the process, the analysis reveals distinct domains of primary particle and agglomerated particle formation.

Biosynthesis of silica nanoparticle using Saccharomyces cervisiae and its application on enhanced oil recovery

Using nanotechnology to increase the recovery of oil reservoirs can be a good way to meet energy demand, in order to increase oil production and reduce production costs. Biotechnology of nanoparticles using microorganisms as an environmentally friendly research field in nanotechnology around the world is a rapid development and is considered as a substitute for conventional and physical chemical methods. Optimizing processes can lead to morphology, control of the size and speed of nanoparticle synthesis reactions. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to build a reflection on the current status and future projects, and in particular the feasibility and limitations of the biotechnology approach proposed in the oil industry. In this research, Saccharomyces cervisiae yeast has been used for biochemical production of silica nanoparticles. This yeast is cultivated in its own culture medium. This yeast solution made after the addition of Sodium Silicate Precursor placed in the proper conditions of growth, i.e., temperature of 29 °C, away from the types of contamination and the passage of time, reducing the silica nanoparticles from the initial precursor. In this research, after performing the silica nanoparticle production processes, identification tests such as FTIR, XRD, SEM, DLS and TGA are performed. Then, in order to investigate the effect of this nanoparticle on the production efficiency of the oil, these nanoparticles were added to injectable solutions to an oil-wet micro-model with different concentrations of 250 ppm, 500 ppm and 1000 ppm. It was observed that the difference in the effect of nanoparticles produced by the biochemical method and commercial nanoparticles purchased in the injection process and on the measurement of the production efficiency of oil was that biosynthesized nanoparticles increased oil production efficiency by about 5–7 percent relative to commercial nanoparticles.

Green technology extraction and characterisation of silica nanoparticles from palm kernel shell ash via sol–gel

Silica nanoparticles have numerous applications including drug delivery, lightweight aggregates, and energy storage. It has been manufactured from different agricultural bioresources with limited research on palm kernel shell ash (PKSA). This study produced silica nanoparticles from palm kernel shell ash. Modified sol–gel extraction technique was used to produce the silica nanoparticles from PKSA. The extracted silica nanoparticles were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscope (SEM) with Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) techniques, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) method and Thermogravimetric analysis (TG). The microstructural analysis reveals that the unit size of the extracted silica nanoparticles is between 50–98nm, with a very high specific surface area (438m2g−1). EDX confirmed the presence of SiO2 in the sample. FT-IR analysis shows the existence of silanol and siloxane groups. This success means, decrease in environmental contamination caused by indiscriminate disposal of palm kernel shell (PKS) and silica nanoparticles for advanced material applications.

Green production of silica nanoparticles from maize stalk

Amorphous silica has been produced from some agricultural wastes but with drawbacks on agglomeration challenges. In the present study, potential of maize stalk (MS) wastes as a source of nano silica was studied through modified sol-gel techniques, which involved acid pretreatment, calcination, leaching, sol-gel modification, and post-filtration treatments. Nano silica particles obtained were characterized by XRD, SEM, EDS, TEM, PSA, Raman, and FT-IR for morphology, elemental composition, particle size, and surface chemistry. Results obtained revealed that pre-calcination acid treatment of the MS did not improve the silica yield but reduced the Van der Waal’s interaction of the silica particles resulting in silica particles with a smaller degree of agglomeration. Sodium silicate modified with ethylene glycol sol-gel treatment prior to titration reduced silica agglomeration. Silica nanoparticles obtained according to XRD, TEM, and PSA are below 30 nm.

Silica nanoparticles as an enhancer in the IL-1β-induced inflammation cycle of A549 cells

Objective: The industrial production and combustion of coal can produce silica nanoparticles (nano-SiO2). It enters the human body mainly through the respiratory tract and exerts a toxic effect. However, whether nano-SiO2 can increase the IL-1β-induced inflammatory expression in A549 cells has not been tested. Therefore, the synergistic toxicity of nano-SiO2 and IL-1β to A549 was observed in our study.Materials and methods: We exposed A549 cells to nano-SiO2 (0, 100, 500, and 1000 μg/ml) for 12 and 24 h. The effect of nano-SiO2 on the viability of A549 cells was observed by the CCK-8 method. The A549 cells were exposed to nano-SiO2 (1 mg/mL) and cytokine IL-1β (10 ng/mL) for 4 h, and we detected the expression of IL-1β and IL-6 cytokines by real time quantitative polymerase chain (RT-qPCR) and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression of β-Actin, I-κB, phospho-ERK1/2 (P-ERK1/2), total-ERK1/2 (T-ERK1/2), phospho-JNK (P-JNK), total-JNK (T-JNK), phospho-P38 (P-P38), and total-P38 (T-P38) in A549 cells was detected by the Western Blot method.Results: The nano-SiO2 treatment resulted in a time-dependent decrease in the viability of A549 cells. The synergistic effect of nano-SiO2 and IL-1β was observed on the new production of IL-1β and IL-6 in A549 cells. The Western blot results showed that nano-SiO2 can increase the expression of IL-1β and IL-6 by promoting the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and elevating the phosphorylation of I-κB by IL-1β. IL-1β and IL-6 were induced by nano-SiO2, and the IL-1β treatment with 20 μM of I-κBα phosphorylation inhibitor (PD98059) and 20 μM of ERK1/2 inhibitor (BAY11-7082) for 1 h was significantly lower than that of the control group in A549 cells.Discussion and conclusion: These results indicated that nano-SiO2 had a toxic effect on A549 cells, and this effect could increase IL-1β on the A549 cell-induced inflammatory response. The results suggested that the release of IL-1β and IL-6 in A549 was enhanced by the synergistic IL-1β-induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and I-κB. This process is similar to a snowball, and it is possible that IL-1β is continuously produced and repeatedly superimposed in A549 cells to produce an inflammatory effect; then, a vicious circle occurs, and an inflammatory storm is accelerated.

Treated rice husk as a recyclable sorbent for the removal of microcystins from water

Microcystins (MCs) appear during harmful algal blooms (HABs) in water sources worldwide, and represent a threat for humans and animals ingesting or inhaling MCs from the environment. Herein, treated rice husk (RH) was tested as a recyclable sorbent for removal of six MCs (MC-RR, MC-LR, MC-YR, MC-LA, MC-LF, and MC-LW) from water. RH was refluxed with hydrochloric acid and heated to 250 °C to produce the sorbent material. Twenty milligrams of treated RH removed >95% of the MCs from a 30 mL solution containing 25 μg/L of each MC. The adsorption of MCs onto RH follows the Freundlich isotherm model (R2 ≥ 0.9612) and pseudo-second-order kinetics (R2 ≥ 0.9996). More than 90% of MCs were removed within 5 min, and >95% were removed at equilibrium (in <40 min). Performance of the RH sorbent was evaluated by removing MCs from Lake Erie water collected during an algal bloom in 2017. The total concentration (extracellular plus intracellular) of six tested MCs in lake water ranged from 3.7 to 13,605.9 μg/L, and removal of MCs by treated RH ranged from 100.0% to 71.8%, respectively. The removal capacity of RH for the six MCs from the lake water sample containing 13,605.9 μg/L of MCs was 586 μg per g of treated RH. After being used to extract MCs, the RH was heated to 560 °C to produce silica nanoparticles. Therefore, treated RH enables rapid and efficient removal of MCs from water and it can be recycled for use as a raw material. Overall, treated RH can contribute to mitigation of environmental and health effects caused by MCs and reduce concerns for toxic waste disposal.

Production of silica nanoparticles bound fabrics and evaluation of its antibacterial/ultraviolet protection properties

Manufacture of microbe-resistant clothing is the need of the hour especially in microbe sensitive environments such as hospitals. Silica nanoparticles (SiO 2 ) were prepared from xerogels synthesised from cotton pods. In the present work, a novel fabric was prepared using SiO 2 , non-woven cotton fabrics and polyethylene glycol (PEG). Different types of fabrics were prepared by incorporating different concentrations of the SiO 2 . Among the fabrics, 3% exhibited significant antimicrobial activity. The smooth surface morphologies of the fabric were proved by scanning electron microscopy. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectrum of fabric represented the characteristic bands of all the components, i.e. SiO 2 , PEG and cotton fibre. A potential fabric, which possesses microbe-resistant property, and hence they could be of promising use in medical cloths production.

An experimental study on stability and thermal conductivity of water/silica nanofluid: Eco-friendly production of nanoparticles

In the present experimental study, an eco-friendly process (synthesized from rice plant source) was used to produce silica nanoparticles. Silica nanoparticles are environmentally friendly nanoparticles that have high heat transfer potential due to its abundant natural resources, low cost synthesis and mass production. The surface and atomic structure of the nanoparticles have been investigated through SEM and FTIR tests. After production of nanoparticles, water/silica nanofluid samples were prepared using two-step method that called eco-friendly nanofluid. Stability and thermal conductivity of the eco-friendly nanofluid were examined. Investigating the stability of the prepared samples, the DLS and TEM tests have been conducted as well as periodic visual observation of possible sedimentation over a period of six months through photography. The stability results indicated that the prepared samples possess excellent nano-structure and it showed long-time stability even after six months of preparation. The thermal conductivity measurement of the samples has been done in different temperatures ranging from 25 to 55 °C and solid volume fractions of 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, and 3%. The results showed the maximum thermal conductivity enhancement of 38.2% which took place at the temperature of 55 °C and solid volume fraction of 3%. Moreover, new precise correlation to predict the thermal conductivity of the eco-friendly nanofluid has been proposed with the maximum deviation of 2.72%. Finally, according to the results, it can be claimed that synthesis of environmentally friendly nanoparticles of silicon oxide with a plant source for nanofluid production is important, and this type of nanofluid can be introduced as an environmentally friendly alternative fluid with high heat transfer potential in thermal systems.