Phycocyanin Production Research Articles

Enhanced phycocyanin production from Spirulina subsalsa via freshwater and marine cultivation with optimized light source and temperature

To find out optimum and cost-efficient strategy for phycocyanin production, the effect of light source and temperature on Spirulina subsalsa growth were studied in chemically defined freshwater medium and seawater supplied with wastewater from glutamic acid fermentation tank. Maximum growth rate and the highest phycocyanin content were obtained by 35 °C and green light, respectively. A two-stage cultivation strategy was proposed and applied, which combines biomass accumulation at 35 °C and phycocyanin synthesis simulated under green light. As a result, phycocyanin production reached 70 mg/L/d and 11 mg/L/d from freshwater and seawater medium, respectively. With all tested conditions, a strong correlation between biomass and phycocyanin/chlorophyll ratio, rather than phycocyanin, revealed the dependence of Spirulina subsalsa growth on coordinating regulation of photosynthetic pigments. The relationship between growth and phycocyanin production under various light and temperature can be a good basis for improving phycocyanin production from Spirulina subsalsa with or without freshwater consumption.

EFFECTS OF VARIOUS LIGHT INTENSITIES ON PHYCOCYANIN COMPOSITION OF CYANOBACTERIUM LIMNOSPIRA FUSIFORMIS (VORONICHIN) NOWICKA-KRAWCZYK, MÜHLSTEINOVÁ & HAUER

Phycocyanin denotes a photosynthetic pigment discovered in Rhodophyta and cyanobacteria, which has been used in medical, industrial, and agricultural applications. In general, phycocyanin production by cyanobacteria depends on many environmental conditions, mainly light during the cultivation period. The goal of this research was to see how various light intensities of 47, 52, as well as 60 µmol m-2 s-1, affected the Phycocyanin production of cyanobacterium Limnospira fusiformis cultured in Zarrouk medium with a maximum temperature of 28°C. The outcomes revealed that with mild light intensity (52 µmol m-2 s-1), increased phycocyanin production of 11.94 ng/mg took place. With regard to greater light intensity (60 µmol m-2 s-1), the lesser phycocyanin production of 0.57 ng/mg took place. These results give a good impression that moderate lighting increases phycocyanin production, but high light intensity inhibits it. The statistical analysis results also showed that there are significant differences between the light intensities used in the study at a level of p<0.05. Therefore, this study concluded that phycocyanin was affected by light intensity. Light regime optimization gives a good yield of this pigment. In this study, high phycocyanin production by cyanobacterium Limnospira fusiformis occurred in mild light intensity (52 µmol m-2 s-1).

Short-term tuning of microalgal composition by exposition to different irradiance and small doses of sulfide.

Suitability of microalgae valorization mainly depends on its biochemical composition. Overall, among all microalgal derivatives, pigments currently stand out as the major added-value component. While it is well recognized that microalgal growth conditions strongly affect biomass composition, final tuning of already grown microalgae has been scarcely studied. Herein, pigment crude extract and debris biomass composition of an already grown microalgal consortium was evaluated after a short-term exposure (90min) to different levels of irradiance (15, 50, 120μmolm-2s-1) and sulfide concentrations (0, 3.2, 16mg L-1). Although lipid, protein, and carbohydrate contents of debris biomass were not decisively modified by the short-term exposures, pigments content of the crude extracts were strongly modified after 90-min exposure at given sulfide and irradiance conditions. Particularly, a higher content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total carotenoids was estimated at an optimal sulfide concentration of 5mg L-1, and the higher irradiance of 120μmolm-2s-1. Contrarily, the average irradiation level of 50μmolm-2s-1 and the absence of sulfide stimulated the production of phycoerythrin and phycocyanin which could be increased by 65 and 50%, respectively. Thus, a final qualitative and quantitative tuning of pigment content is plainly achievable on grown microalgal biomass, in a reduced exposure time, at given irradiance or sulfide conditions.

Evaluation of the effect of UV-B radiation on growth, photosynthetic pigment, and antioxidant enzymes of some cyanobacteria

The current study is focused on the effects of artificial UV-B radiation on growth, proteins, and pigments, as well as the activities of several enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant enzymes in some cyanobacterial strains. Cultures were maintained at 25 °C ± 1 °C under a white fluorescent tube of intensity 30–40 μE m -2s−1 with a 14:10 light and dark cycle in the laboratory and analyzed at an interval of 25, 32, 39, 46, and 53 days. The test cultures were exposed to UV-B stress for 24 h at the same intervals. We found that exposure to UV-B showed increased production of phycocyanin and carotenoids in four strains, namely, Scytonema javanicum, Nostoc muscorum, Aphanothece naegeli, and Synechococcus elongates. We also look into the effects of UV-B radiation on the proline content, non-protein thiols, radical scavenging activity, ascorbic acid, and tocopherol, total flavonoid content (TFC), total phenolic content (TPC) on these strains. Variation in the non-enzymatic antioxidants and expression levels of enzymatic enzymes and reducing power activity as compared to the non-irradiated control was found. Our study showed that cyanobacteria impart prominent antioxidant and radical scavenging properties which facilitate the defence mechanism against UV-B induced cell damage.

Enhanced phycocyanin production of Arthrospira maxima by addition of mineral elements and polypeptides using response surface methodology

IntroductionAs a pigment protein, phycocyanin has been widely used in the fields of food, nutraceutical and biotechnology due to its excellent biological activities of antioxidant. So far, Arthrospira has been generally considered as a great species for phycocyanin production.MethodsIn this study, independent and interactive effect of three factors, NaCl, Bainengsi (BS) and Bainengtai (BT) on microalgae growth and phycocyanin production were explored by response surface methodology (RSM). Using Box-Behnken design (BBD) method, the well-fitting quadratic models were established based on experimental results.ResultsMoreover, the maximum phycocyanin concentration reached 704.66 mg L-1 at the optimal condition (185 mM NaCl, 200 mg L-1 BS, and 20 mg L-1 BT), while the maximum phycocyanin content of 19.03% was obtained at another optimal condition (136 mM NaCl, 200 mg L-1 BS, and 50 mg L-1 BT). Compared to control, the concentration and content of phycocyanin were increased by 22.98% and 16.73%, respectively.DiscussionOverall, this study demonstrated that addition of exogenous substances (BS, BT) into culture medium optimized by RSM was an effective approach to increase phycocyanin production, which paved a potential way to realizing high efficient production of algal biomass and bioactive substances.

Nitrate and ammonia: two key nitrogen sources for biomass and phycocyanin production by Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis

Nitrate and ammonia: two key nitrogen sources for biomass and phycocyanin production by Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis

Utilization of anaerobically digested dairy manure wastewater for Spirulina maxima cultivation

Microalgae have attracted the attention of scientists as microalgae have been considered as having higher productivities than terrestrial plants. Microalgae can be used to produce several valuable commodities such as bioenergy, feed, and food. Combining the growth medium with wastewater can enhance the economic feasibility of microalgae-based products. In this research, Spirulina maxima were cultivated using bioslurry from anaerobically digested dairy manure wastewater (ADDMW) at concentrations 0, 50, and 100 %. The growth curve was monitored by measuring the dry weight of microalgae every three days. The results showed that the S. maxima growth in ADDMW showed no difference from S. maxima growth in Zarrouk medium (2.090 g L-1 and 1.933 g L-1, respectively). Phycocyanin, one of the primary pigments of S. maxima, was determined to evaluate the effect of wastewater medium on phycocyanin production. The phycocyanin content of S. maxima in 0, 50, and 100 % wastewater showed no difference (58.67, 56.51, and 54.67 mg L-1 culture, respectively). This study provides an insight into the potential use of ADDMW as a substitute of growth medium of S. maxima as it supported the growth and phycocyanin production, with the result similar to when using the commercial medium.

Growth and phycocyanin production with Galdieria sulphuraria UTEX 2919 using xylose, glucose, and corn stover hydrolysates under heterotrophy and mixotrophy

The production of cell mass and phycocyanin (PC) was evaluated with the extremophile microalgae Galdieria sulphuraria 2919, under mixotrophic and heterotrophic conditions, in media supplemented with glucose, xylose, or a mixture of both sugars, and hemicellulosic and cellulosic hydrolysates from corn stover. Compared to xylose, cultivations with glucose under heterotrophic conditions showed 51%, 42%, and 66% higher specific growth rate, biomass volumetric productivity, and biomass yield, respectively. Glucose caused a suppression of xylose consumption and PC content was 54.4% lower when xylose was used, suggesting it inhibits the production of this pigment-protein. The use of hemicellulosic corn stover hydrolysates, hindered microalga growth because acetate at low concentrations (approximately 0.6 g L−1) caused inhibition of G. sulphuraria growth. The cellulosic fraction of corn stover was saccharified using cellulases to obtain a syrup containing glucose without acetate. When G. sulphuraria was cultivated under heterotrophic conditions on this syrup, the microalgae accumulated up to 165 mgPC gSolubleProtein−1.

Phycocyanin: A Natural Antioxidant to Combat Free Radicals

: Various research showed that antioxidants can effectively overcome the damage caused by free radicals to human health. Therefore, antioxidants are identified as one of the main directions in the development of health care and cosmetics products due to high demand in the market. This review mainly focuses on the phycocyanin, a type of natural antioxidant mainly found in cyanobacteria. This mini review summarizes the phycocyanin sources and numerous extraction methods of phycocyanin along with the analytical methods and determine its ability to suppress free radicals. Phycocyanin has been proven to play an important role in scavenging free radicals and enhancing the body’s antioxidant capacity. However, there is a lack of long-term randomized clinical trial results that can be used as evidence in showing the benefits of phycocyanin. The existing phycocyanin extraction methods using solvents, ultrasonic-assisted, freeze-thaw, etc. can extract high-quality phycocyanin efficiently and quickly. Scientists are also trying to incorporate advanced technologies, such as "Industry 4.0" to optimize and enhance the industrial production of phycocyanin. Lastly, this review also describes the difficulties faced during the phycocyanin production or extraction process and financial obstacles in order to achieve the popularization of phycocyanin.

Effects of Climate Change on the Production of Polysaccharides and Phycobiliproteins by Nostoc commune Vaucher ex Bornet et Flahault

Nostoc commune synthesizes polysaccharides and phycobiliproteins under natural conditions, but little is known about how environmental changes could affect their production. In this study, colonies of N. commune were subjected to increases in ultraviolet radiation, ammonium concentration, electrical conductivity, and temperature, to assess the potential changes in the concentrations of polysaccharides and phycobiliproteins. The results indicate that UVB radiation significantly increased the synthesis of polysaccharides (F = 62.691; p < 0.01), while UVA radiation caused a significant increase in the production of total phycobiliproteins (F = 22.472, p < 0.01) phycocyanin (F = 8.546, p < 0.01), phycoerythrin (F = 12.876, p < 0.01), and allophycocyanin (F = 58.143, p < 0.001). Also, 50 µM NH4Cl significantly increased the synthesis of polysaccharides (F = 45.706; p < 0.01) while increased near significant total phycobiliproteins (F = 5.043, p < 0.1), phycoerythrins (F = 4.57, p < 0.1), allophycocyanin (F = 4.892, p < 0.1), and phycocyanin (F = 4.921, p < 0.1). Furthermore, a conductivity value of 4 mScm−1 enhanced near significant the production of polysaccharides (F = 4.816; p < 0.1) and phycocyanin (F = 9.728, p < 0.1). Nevertheless, a significant effect of total phycobiliproteins was observed (F = 23.686, p < 0.01), as well as allophycocyanin (F = 57.092, p < 0.001), and phycoerythrin (F = 13.928, p < 0.01). Finally, the optimal temperature for the synthesis of polysaccharides was 30 °C. Also, 30 ºC significantly increased the synthesis of total phycobiliproteins (F = 292.211, p < 0.001), as well as on phycocyanin (F = 126.433, p < 0.001) and allophycocyanin (F = 7.991, p < 0.05). These data indicate the ability of N. commune to modify its synthesis of polysaccharides and phycobiliproteins in response to extreme environmental conditions related to climate change, underscoring the interest in N. commune for future applied research on the biotechnological and pharmaceutical production of both types of compounds.

Rotating Algae Biofilm Reactor for Management and Valorization of Produced Wastewater

Production and enhancement of high value phycocyanin pigment from microalgae biofilms cultured on oilfield and natural gas produced wastewater were investigated. Cyanobacteria isolated from Logan City, Utah, wastewater treatment Lagoons (LLC2) was cultured in produced water using rotating algal biofilm reactors (RABRs). The RABRs were operated under “low” and “high” light conditions and biomass and phycocyanin content were compared. Phycocyanin content was enhanced by growth under low light conditions to a maximum yield of 31.7 mg/g ash-free dry weight (AFDW) biomass for an 87.6% increase in phycocyanin yield. Phycocyanin productivity was equivalent for both the low and high light treatments (327 ± 81 and 305 ± 39 mg/m2/day, respectively), due to the significantly lower AFDW biomass productivity of the low light treatment (2.7 ± 0.4 g/m2-day). An indoor laboratory evaluation of 14 substrata for biofilm growth showed that cotton rope and cotton belt material provided the highest biomass yields. Further evaluation in a pilot-scale outdoor produced wastewater pond showed that the biomass characteristics from the two substrata differed. The corrugated surface area of the cotton rope cultured a biofilm with a large community of non-photosynthetic organisms with an autotrophic index of 507 and a low phycocyanin yield of 3.4 mg/g AFDW. However, the cotton belt substratum cultured a healthy photosynthetic biofilm with an autotrophic index of 127 and a phycocyanin yield of 47.0 mg/g AFDW. These results demonstrate the cultivation of microalgae biomass and valorization of oilfield and natural gas produced wastewater through the design and management of algal-based biofilm photobioreactors.

Spectral Changes by Dye Sensitized Solar Modules Influence the Pigment Composition and Productivity of Arthrospira maxima and Increase the Overall Energy Efficiency

AbstractThe integration of semi‐transparent photovoltaics (PVs) with photobioreactors (PBRs) is a promising strategy to increase photoconversion efficiency, ensuring simultaneous electricity and algal biomass production. In this study, Arthrospira maxima is cultivated in an integrated system with a dye‐sensitized solar module (DSSM) to the front of the PBR to assess the possible advantages for biomass and phycocyanin production. The application of the DSSM does not influence biomass production, with the remarkable advantage of producing additional electric energy. However, an acclimation of pigment is observed, as DSSM causes a change in the transmitted light spectrum. Further experiments are conducted to investigate the effect of light quality using monochromatic light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) as controls. Phycocyanin‐targeted wavelengths exhibit a major impact on biomass growth and pigment productivity: low intensity enhanced process efficiency, suggesting that low light is preferable to enhance culture performance with respect to white light. The application of third‐generation PVs is only potentially advantageous if the transmission spectra of the module color and its aperture area are carefully designed. The application of monochromatic LEDs on PBRs also highlights the importance of properly managing the operative conditions to avoid energy losses.

Enhancing Phycoerythrin and Phycocyanin Production from Porphyridium cruentum CCALA 415 in Synthetic Wastewater: The Application of Theoretical Methods on Microalgae

Phycoerythrin (PE) and phycocyanin (PC) are florescent pigments. They have the colorant role in the industry. In this study, production of PE and PC from Porphyridium cruentum were investigated at the various conditions such as different concentrations of municipal wastewater, wavelengths and salicylic acid using Response Surface Methodology-Central Composite Design (RSM-CCD), regression analysis and rstool models. The maximum RSM predicted PE concentration was 29.5 mg/g biomass at 50 % of wastewater, 510 nm of wavelength and 10 µM of salicylic acid. On the other hand, maximum RSM predicted PC concentration was 6.9 mg/g biomass at 50% of wastewater, 680 nm and 40 µM of salicylic acid. According to the ANOVA results, the square effects of the three variables (X1, X2 and X3) were found to be significant for the phycocyanin concentration, while the wastewater and salicylic acid variables (X1 and X3) were found to be important in the Phycoerythrin concentration. In addition to this, the highest PE and PC concentrations were 27.648 and 5.7104 mg/g biomass, respectively, for 50 % of wastewater, 512.5 nm and 47.0833 µM of salicylic acid according to rstool model. In conclusion, the variables such as wastewater, wavelength and salicylic acid can be used for the highest PE and PC concentration by means of RSM-CCD and rstool models and these variables may contribute to the industrial production of the two pigments.

Effects of blue, orange and white lights on growth, chlorophyll fluorescence, and phycocyanin production of Arthrospira platensis cultures

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different light colors on growth, pigment composition, and photosynthetic performance of Arthrospira platensis. Results showed that under orange light the biomass productivity increased due to the capability of A. platensis to fully absorb this portion of the light spectrum. Under blue light, phycocyanin increased continuously up to 13.2% ± 1.96 of dry weight at day 5, while under orange and white lights the phycocyanin content resulted lower, 7.1 ± 0.39 and 6.7% ± 1.58 of dry weight, respectively. Chlorophyll fluorescence measurements showed the maximum electron transport rate (rETRmax) in cells grown under orange light. The results of this study indicated that the orange light increased both growth and phycocyanin productivities, while blue light increased mostly the phycocyanin content, while biomass productivity was much lower. Further increase of phycocyanin content was observed shifting the light illuminating the cultures from orange to blue, attaining a raise in phycocyanin content from 8.6% to 12.5% of dry weight within 48 h from the start of the illumination with blue light. Within the same period of time no growth was observed indicating that the synthesis of phycocyanin can be decoupled from growth. This study provides useful physiological information regarding the effects of different light spectra on growth, phycocyanin, and photosynthetic performance, as a prerequisite to optimize the production of high value pigments from cultures of A. platensis.

Pilot scale production, extraction and purification of a thermostable phycocyanin from Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803

Phycocyanin (PC) is a soluble blue pigment-protein primarily harvested from the cyanobacterium Arthrospira platensis. PC is in high demand from several industries, but its narrow stability range limits potential applications. Here, a pilot scale (120 L total) batch production, extraction and purification process for thermostable PC (Te-PC) from a Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 'Olive' strain expressing the PC operon cpcBACD from Thermosynechococcus elongatus BP-1 on a self-replicating vector is presented. Batch cultivation without antibiotics had no impact on growth or Te-PC production and optimisation of growth conditions resulted in Te-PC contents of 75.3 ± 1.7 mg g DW−1. Wet biomass was harvested following chitosan-based flocculation with a 97 ± 2% efficiency, and Te-PC was extracted by high pressure homogenisation. Subsequent purification by heat-treatment and two-step ammonium sulfate precipitation removed chlorophyll and allophycocyanin contamination, resulting in Te-PC purities of 2.9 ± 0.7 and a mean Te-PC recovery of 84 ± 12%.

Tunisian inland water microflora as a source of phycobiliproteins and biological activity with beneficial effects on human health

Abstract Ten monoclonal microalgal cultures were obtained from several Tunisian inland water bodies, and their dichloromethane and methanolic extracts were screened for antibacterial, antileishmanial, and antioxidant properties, as well as phycobiliprotein production capacity. Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii has been shown to synthesize high levels of phycocyanin and may be an effective alternative source to other sources used for commercial production of phycocyanin. Chroococcus sp. and Leptolyngbya sp1. exhibited the strongest radical scavenging activity against DPPH (IC50 = 212.15 and 263.91 μg ml−1, respectively), indicating their promising potential for use as new effective and non-toxic antioxidants. Furthermore, Dunaliella sp. showed an interesting antileishmanial activity against the pathogens Leishmania infantum and Leishmania major (IC50 = 151 and 284 μg ml−1, respectively), thus representing a good candidate for use against cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis in Tunisia, a country endemic to these diseases where thousands of new cases are registered every year. These results suggest that the strains of microalgae featured in this work have the potential to serve as natural alternative, safe and sustainable sources of high value-added products that could be used to improve the final biomass value.

Chromium bioremediation from river Yamuna using cyanobacteria at white and red illumination wavelengths

Industrial waste from thermal power plants and tanneries discharged into natural water bodies contaminate water and limit its usage for drinking and irrigation purposes. Heavy metals present in the water are detrimental to health. Removal of such heavy metals is a necessity due to their non-biodegradability in the environment. Chromium (Cr) imparts high toxicity to water in two valence states - Cr (III) and Cr (VI). Microalgae possess a mechanism for uptake of both trivalent and hexavalent Cr and deposit them in the polymeric form of trivalent Cr. This work emphasizes on the process of bio enrichment of Cr (III) in microalgae Spirulina sp. NCIM5143. The first stage involves acclimatizing the strain to high concentrations of Cr (up to 80 mg/L) in the Yamuna River water and Zarrouk's medium used as cultivation media. This was achieved by a serial increase of Cr in the increment of 20 mg/L in each batch. A Cr (III) removal of 88.1% in the Yamuna medium and 87% in the Zarrouk's medium was obtained, whereas a Cr (VI) removal of 74% in the Yamuna medium and 83.1% in the Zarrouk's medium was obtained. A complete removal of 100% was observed when red LED was used along with the production of pigments chlorophyll and phycocyanin. Hence, Spirulina sp. proved to be an excellent scavenger of Cr (III) and Cr (VI) ions and for the production of value-added pigments. Also, Spirulina sp. assisted Cr (III) and Cr (VI) bio sequestration has no detrimental effects on environment.

Acclimation and Characterization of Marine Cyanobacterial Strains Euryhalinema and Desertifilum for C-Phycocyanin Production.

This study involves evaluation of two native cyanobacterial strains Euryhalinema and Desertifilum isolated from a mangrove pond in Haikou (China) for their possible phycocyanin (C-PC) production. Maximal growth rate with highest chlorophyll and C-PC accumulation were observed at 28°C and 60 μmol photons m−2 s−1 photon flux density for Euryhalinema sp., while for Desertifilum sp. at 32°C and 80 μmol photons m−2 s−1. Nitrogen and iron concentration trails revealed that double strength concentration of sodium nitrate and ferric ammonium citrate in original BG11 media increased growth rate and accumulation of C-PC for both strains. Three different C-PC extraction methods were tested. The combined extraction protocol of freeze–thaw and ultrasonication markedly increased the C-PC extraction efficiency and attained the food grade purity (A 620/A 280 ratio >0.7), whereas a higher C-PC yield was found with Na-phosphate buffer. Furthermore, the clarified crude extract was used to purify C-PC by fractional ammonium sulfate [(NH₄)₂SO₄] precipitation, Sephadex G-25 gel filtration chromatography, and DEAE-sephadex ion exchange chromatography and attained analytical grade purity (A 620/A 280 ratio >3.9). Taken together, both strains showed their potential to be domesticated for valuable phycocyanin production.

Seawater-cultured Spirulina subsalsa as a more promising host for phycocyanin production than Arthrospira platensis

C-phycocyanin produced from Arthrospira platensis is of great commercial interest in healthcare industries but adoption is challenged by low quality and productivity. To find a high-quality alternative to Arthrospira platensis, this study compares C-phycocyanin production by Spirulina subsalsa and Arthrospira platensis in chemically defined freshwater medium and seawater with added monosodium glutamate residue. In the two media, Spirulina subsalsa showed higher content and first-extraction efficiency of C-phycocyanin than Arthrospira platensis did. Absorption maxima in red and blue spectral regions were observed for the first time to shift toward longer wavelengths for methanolic extracts of the cyanobacteria grown in seawater. Tightly coiled Spirulina subsalsa remained unaffected and exhibited stronger adaptation in a seawater environment than loosely spiralled Arthrospira platensis. These results preliminarily demonstrate the feasibility of cultivating Spirulina subsalsa in seawater with low-cost nutrient supplements as a promising candidate to produce C-phycocyanin as well as to reduce nutritional and freshwater investments. Overall, more research can be performed redarding culture conditions and extraction process to optimize C-phycocyanin production and extraction.

IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF C-PHYCOCYANIN PURIFIED FROM Spirulina platensis DRY BIOMASS

C-phycocyanin (C-PC) was a phycobiliprotein found exclusively in cyanobacteria as Spirulina and exhibited a variety of pharmacological properties, which were not yet studied for any purpose in commercial applications in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry in Vietnam. At present, there are no other sources of natural phycocyanin than Spirulina, it is the sole efficient source of natural phycocyanin production under photoautotrophic conditions. The present research was conducted to determine an efficient extraction method from C-PC from Spirulina platensis dry biomass. Antioxidant activity of purified C-PC was investigated. Extractions were carried out using distilled water and Na-phosphate buffer pH 7.0 as solvents and freeze\thaw and ultrasonication techniques were applied to optimize the extraction process. Extraction using the freeze\thaw method proved to be the most efficient method. Phycocyanin purification from crude extracts was carried out by a combination of methods such as ammonium sulfate (NH4)2SO4 65% precipitation, dialysis filter, and Sephadex G-100 gel filtration chromatography, to give 121.63 ± 0.03 mg\g C-PC content and 3.52 ± 0.04 purity. Antioxidant activity in vitro was determined by nitric oxide (NO) scavenging activity, percentage inhibition of NO by the C-PC in concentration 10 μg\mL to 100 μg\mL which significantly scavenged 55.89% to 91.54% of NO radicals, respectively. They exhibited strong NO radical scavenging capacity, the C-PC and vitamin C were able to reduce the stable NO radical to 50% reduction with EC50 of 4.53 and 3.66 µg\mL. Research results showed that S. platenis dry biomass provided by Dalitra was potential for obtaining C-phycocyanin (12.16% of dry biomass) and it was evaluated as an antioxidant in vitro able to scavenge nitric oxide. C-PC (12.16% of dry biomass) and was evaluated as an antioxidant in vitro able to scavenge nitric oxide.