Milkfish Production Research Articles

Addition of Milkfish (Chanos chanos) Bone Meal into the Churros Product

Milkfish production in Karawang in 2016 was 19,166 tonnes which resulted in high bone waste. Therefore, there is a need for innovation in the utilisation of milkfish bone meal as a nutritional enhancer for churros products. The purpose of this study was to determine the process flow of making churros with the addition of milkfish bone meal, determine the quality of hedonic test, determine the chemical quality of microbiological levels, determine the appropriate packaging and business analysis of churros. Churros were made in four treatments with formulations F0 without the addition of milkfish bone meal, F1 2.5%, F2 5%, and F3 7.5%. The results showed that hedonic testing of churros with F3 was the best formulation with a moisture content of 5.73%, the highest moisture content was 37.9% in F0. Ash content in F0 0.56%, F1 2.26%, F2 2.83%, F3 4.13. The calcium content in sample F0 was 10.8.99 mg/100g, F3 1470.71 mg/100g. The results of phosphorus testing on churros, sample F0 as much as 982.2 mg / kg, while in F3 has a phosphorus content of 6,516.75 mg / kg. The ALT test results on F0 and F3 churros have met the SNI 8372: 2018 standard with a value of 2.5 x 103 colonies/gram in all samples. The results of the business analysis of milkfish bone meal churros are said to be feasible with a selling price of 45,000 per package.

A time series analysis of aquaculture milkfish production volume using the Box-Jenkins SARIMA Model: A case study from Davao Oriental, Philippines

Milkfish farming has been historically practiced in the Philippines for a long time and is a significant source of income and livelihood for fish farmers in the country. In this paper, the researchers analyzed the aquaculture milkfish production volume in Davao Oriental from 1996 to 2023 using Seasonal Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA). The SARIMA model was used to forecast milkfish production future values, which provided insights into the aquaculture sector's potential development in the province. The autocorrelation, partial autocorrelation, and stationarity tests indicate that milkfish production from 1996 to 2023 was not stationary. Thus, seasonal differencing was used to achieve stationarity. Several models were developed and diagnosed, and SARIMA (2,0,2) (1,1,1) 4 provided satisfactory accuracy and precision in forecasting. However, the forecast showed some fluctuations or uncertainty in the predicted milkfish production. This can be reasoned out to be due to other environmental factors such as typhoons, rain, diseases or abnormally high sea surface temperature from climate change impacts. An actual environmental and socio-demographic survey is needed to explore further whether environmental factors are indeed affecting the production of milkfish in Davao Oriental, and therefore confirming the fluctuations of production.

Modified mangrove pens for polyculture system in mud crab (Scylla serrata) and milkfish (Chanos chanos) production

The mangrove pens were modified to produce mud crab (Scylla serrata) and milkfish (Chanos chanos) in a polyculture system. The modification of mangrove pens was done by adding excavations inside the pen. The water quality parameters (dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, salinity, and temperature) were monitored, and the recovery and production rates in each pen were evaluated. The experiment was conducted for a rearing period of 143 days in nine mangrove pens, each having an area of 32 m2 and an average net enclosure height of 3 m from the soil surface. The three different pens constructed (existing design: canal only, 43% excavation by area, and 54% excavation by area) were designated as T1, T2, and T3, respectively. The water quality parameters recorded in the pens were favorable for the growth and recovery of the mud crab and milkfish, except for DO. For mud crab, the highest mean recovery was recorded in T2, followed by T3, and the lowest in T1. The production rate followed the same pattern as the recovery, with T2 having the highest, followed by T3, and T1 having the lowest. The statistical analysis revealed that the variations in mud crab recovery were not significant, while in terms of production rate, modified mangrove pens were found to be more effective than the existing design. Due to the total mortality of the cultured milkfish, the current set-up of modified mangrove pens was found to be unsuitable for the polyculture system of milkfish and mud crab production.

Modular system innovation for increasing milkfish production on traditional ponds in Usto village, Mare district, Bone

One of the milkfish cultivation techniques (Chanos chanos) to increase pond productivity is a modular system. Modular system is a pond cultivation technique with a tiered plot model, where connecting between ponds is made, the purpose of which is to make milkfish easily move between ponds. The purpose of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of modular system innovation techniques (tiered plots) in increasing the production of bait milkfish in traditional ponds in Usto Village, Mare District, Bone. The research was conducted from August to the end of November 2023, at the location of the 2023 Matching Fund - Kedaireka program in a traditional pond in Usto Village, Mare District, Bone Regency, South Sulawesi Province. The research method used is a quantitative research method with a type of experimental research. Primary data measurements include; water quality measurement, including; temperature, salinity, pH and dissolved oxygen. While the parameters of the organization include the length of the fish from stocking to harvest. The data analysis method used is descriptive statistical analysis, in order to obtain an overview of the success of modular system techniques in traditional ponds. The results of the study obtained that the modular system technique can increase fish growth quickly, with the process of transferring fish periodically between ponds, making fish experience different conditions and physiological conditions that feel new. The modular system provides an average fish growth rate of 4.5 cm within 3 months or an average of 0.15 cm per day, with the highest rate occurring in rearing pond I, which is during the initial phase of post-stunting maintenance, which is an average growth rate of 6.2 cm per month, or 0.21 per day. Thus, this modular system technique can be used to increase the productivity of traditional ponds.

Stunting technique innovation for increasing milkfish production on traditional ponds in Usto Village, Mare District, Bone

Milkfish (Chanos chanos) is a fish of high economic value with nutritional content and good taste (savory) like milk, with an oblong flattened body shape which is ideal as a bait for skipjack, mackarel, and tuna fish. Various efforts were made to increase pond productivity, including changing the orientation of cultivation from the target of consumption milkfish production to feed milkfish production. One technique that can be done to increase pond productivity is stunting techniques for bait milkfish cultivation. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of stunting techniques for increasing production of bait milkfish on traditional ponds in Usto Village, Mare District, Bone Regency. The research method used is quantitative research with the type of experimental research, where the effectiveness of stunting techniques is measured through measuring fish growth starting from the initial cultivation phase (post-stunting) to the harvest phase (end cultivation). The study was conducted for three months, from August to October (early November). The results of the study found that stunting techniques can increase fish productivity, by triggering the growth rate of milkfish in the cultivation phase with an average growth of 0.85-1.5 cm per week or 0.12-0.20 cm per day. Stunting techniques also pose a high risk, especially in size and mortality inequality in fish and reduce survival rates, due to high density. The stunting technique with a stocking density of 100,000 seed per hectare, is able to produce bait milkfish measuring 100-200 grams per pieces, which is 6-8 tons per hectare with an Survival Rate (SR) rate of 80%. Thus, this technique is considered good enough to increase pond production, especially in cultivation of bait milkfish.

The Effect of Transaction Costs on the Sustainability of Milkfish Aquaculture in North Coast of Java, Indonesia

The potential of Milkfish Aquaculture on the North Coast of Java is very promising as the source of economy to both the farmers and Indonesia. However, the challenge faced by milkfish farmers is the fluctuation of input and selling prices may threaten business. Gresik as one of the center of milkfish production faces issues in accessing the market to sell their products, hence they require intermediaries that carries transaction costs which implicitly increase their final costs. Moreover, lack of cold storage and advance processing in the area complicate and reduce the bargaining value of milkfish farmers towards its buyer. This is because milkfish has a relatively very short shelf-life without proper storage or additional processing. The research is aimed to analyze the cost structure of milkfish farmers on the north coast of Java towards farmers income. Quantitative method is employed using two analyses: Ordinary Least Square (OLS) and Mann-Whitney Comparative Test. This study found that input cost is significantly affect the milkfish farmer, while the investment and transaction costs do not affect the milkfish farmer. Although the transaction cost variable is not significant, it shows negative coefficient value which implies reverse relationship with income. The result of Comparative Test is that the transaction cost of traditional farmers is higher compared to the semi-intensive. This is because the semi-intensive aquaculture has a higher bargaining position compared to the traditional ones, so that the cost of information, negotiation and other transaction cost are lower compared to the traditional ones. This study may useful for the milkfish farmer to increase efficiencies in the production by reducing the hidden costs and improve supply chain of the milkfish industry for the sustainability of milkfish farmers and its sub-industries in Gresik.

Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Pesisir Dalam Pengembangan Inovasi Produk ABG Ikan Bandeng Dan Garam Untuk Mendukung Ekonomi Maritim Desa Siduwonge

The condition and potential of this region is quite large in terms of natural resources in fisheries and salt. The large role of salt shows that salt is a very strategic commodity. Apart from salt, Siduwange village is also a village that produces milkfish. The milkfish production is marketed outside, thereby increasing costs and an uncertain market. This is because Gorontalo people are not used to consuming milkfish because there are lots of bones in milkfish. The goal that will be achieved after the Ormawa PPK activities is to improve community skills in making processed ABG milkfish and salt products, guiding and assisting the community in marketing ABG milkfish and salt processed products. Problems faced by the Siduwonge village community include reduced public interest in playing a role in fisheries development, lack of community knowledge to overcome fisheries problems, declining fish production, high costs of shipping fish. The solution to this problem is that the Ormawa PPK Team applies several methods, namely empowering village communities, providing direct assistance to community empowerment activities, sustainability, and building partnership patterns. After attending training, the people of Siduwonge Village now have the skills to make processed fish products to extend their shelf life or sell them. Some processed products are in the form of products such as presto milkfish, fish floss, fish balls and iodized salt.

Governance challenges for Indonesian pond aquaculture: a case study of milkfish production in Gresik

IntroductionAn important blind spot in current aquaculture governance research and practice is recognizing the high dependency of the sector on commons (i.e., shared resources), and their interconnectivity with other sectors such as agriculture. This is particularly evident in Indonesia where there is general lack of social and governance research on aquaculture. The purpose of this study is to: (1) identify the commons that need to be governed in pond aquaculture systems, and (2) identify the arising governance challenges from those commons and potential solutions.MethodsWe apply Elinor Ostrom’s Socio-Ecological Systems Framework (SESF) to identify variables influencing collective action through semi-structuredinterviews with relevant key informant actors in a milkfish aquaculture village in Gresik, Indonesia. Our case study approach allows for a rich description through qualitative data to understand system interactions. We interviewed 22 stakeholders including regional and local government officials, fish farmers (owners and workers), patrons and local academics.Results and discussionOur findings indicate five governance challenges influencing collective action: (1) limited access to capital and dependence on patrons, (2) lack of govern institutions, (3) continued government program failure, (4) lack of community leadership, and (5) lack of motivation and incentives to collectively act. These imply that governance policies may be more successful if monitoring mechanisms are applied to ensure that government funding is more precisely targeted at improving the livelihoods of traditional fish farmers. Furthermore, attempts to support social capital, network structures, and improve trust-reciprocity among relevant stakeholders (i.e., farmers, extension officers, private business actors) in the form of capacity building is likely more effective than other monetary incentives or the enforcement of top-down rules that don’t fit local needs.

Facilitation and Mediation Methods for Solving Capital Constraints of Milkfish Processing Industry In Tambaksumur Village, Tirtajaya Subdistrict, Karawang Regency

Karawang Regency is one of the West Java Province areas with excellent potential in aquaculture fishery production, particularly milkfish production. However, the local community needs to optimize the fishery product by increasing added value. The identification results showed that the milkfish processing industry is still underdeveloped, especially after the economic downturn due to the Covid-19 pandemic. Furthermore, the main problem faced by business actors in the milkfish processing industry is the problem of capital. For this reason, the community service activity focuses on efforts to solve capital problems for industrial business actors through facilitation and mediation activities with financial institutions. The community service team suggested the need for regular coaching activities, more intense and consistent solving of capital problems, and proactive efforts to implement financial inclusion policies

Marketing Strategy Analysis of Shredded Sea Milkfish Production of "Dpore Meme" Alasmalang Village, Panarukan District, Situbondo Regency

The community uses limited sea milkfish to be sold in fresh form and has low selling value. It is necessary to diversify in the form of processed products such as shredded sea milkfish. The obstacles to the marketing of sea milk floss include sales results that have not met sales targets, promotions that have not been managed properly, and the number of competitors. This research was conducted at the Micro Enterprise "Dpore Meme" Alasmalang Village, Panarukan District, Situbondo Regency with the aim of analyzing internal and external factors in the marketing of sea milk shredded, alternative formulation strategies, and strategic priorities based on SWOT and QSPM analysis. The results of the research are alternative strategies, including improving product quality to gain customer satisfaction, optimizing strategic locations and excellent service to increase the quantity and quality of marketing networks, increasing marketing HR capacity, packaging and product quality to gain wider market access, building brand awareness products, building cooperation with raw material suppliers, and market education. The strategic priority is to increase marketing HR capacity, packaging and product quality to expand market access with the highest TAS score of 6.75.

TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY ANALYSIS OF MILKFISH POND FARMING (CHANOS CHANOS F) IN JANGKA DISTRICT OF BIREUEN REGENCY

This study examines efforts to increase milkfish production through technical efficiencycarried out in the District of Jangka, Bireuen Regency. The population was all milkfish pond farmers in the Jangka District, and the number of samples in this study were 78 milkfish pond farmers using a random sampling method. This research uses primary data and secondary data. Data were analyzed using the stochastic frontier method and analyzed descriptively qualitatively. The research objective is(1) analyze the factors of land area, labor, logs, fertilizers, feed and pesticides for milkfish pond farming, and (2)analyzethe level of technical efficiency of milkfish pond farming in the Jangka District of Bireuen Regency.The research results are therethe five production factors of milkfish pond farming, namely land area, labor, spindles, fish feed and pesticides which have a significant effect on milkfish production while the fertilizer variable has no significant effect on milkfish production. On average, milkfish pond farmers in the Jangka District of Bireuen Regency are technically efficient. However, farmers still have the opportunity to further increase efficiency, through the use of production factors according to their needs.It is recommended for further research to use more diverse variables so as to provide better results.

SIMULASI ANALISIS KELAYAKAN USAHA BUDIDAYA IKAN BANDENG (Chanos chanos) KUARTAL PERTAMA TAHUN 2022

In the first quarter of 2022 (1 January – 31 March) in Indonesia, there are problems related to the increase in the prices of basic necessities which can increase the amount of initial capital needed in a milkfish (Chanos-chanos) cultivation business. So it is necessary to conduct an initial simulation study of the feasibility analysis of milkfish cultivation to determine the capital and business feasibility for milkfish cultivation in the first quarter of 2022. The method used in this study is a library research method, where the data collection method is entirely with data. Secondary or literature study. Secondary data is collected by reviewing from references in the form of journals, books, and online articles that are still related. The calculation of business feasibility analysis is carried out by calculating investment costs, fixed costs, variable costs, calculating production costs, revenues, profits, BEP Rupiah, BEP Units, R/C Ratio, and PBP. Furthermore, an analysis of the supporting and inhibiting factors of the business as well as an analysis of the marketing strategy in the milkfish cultivation business was carried out. The results of the calculation of business feasibility simulations show that the production cost is Rp. 78.276.800, revenue is Rp. 1.344.000.000, profit is Rp. 950.861.600, Rupiah BEP is Rp. 192.549.566, which means the turning point will be achieved if sales reach Rp. 192.549,566. , BEP Unit is 9627 fish, which means the turning point will be reached if milkfish production reaches 9,627 fish. The R/C Ratio obtained is 1.7 and the PBP is 0.3 years, where the investment capital of this milkfish cultivation business will return within a period of 0.3 years or 3.6 months. Therefore, the milkfish cultivation business for the first quarter of 2022 can be said to be profitable and feasible to run.

PENGARUH FAKTOR PRODUKSI TERHADAP PENDAPATAN PEMBUDIDAYA IKAN BANDENG DI DESA PANTAI SEDERHANA KECAMATAN MUARA GEMBONG

Milkfish production in Bekasi Regency has increased and decreased in recent years, this will affect the income earned by milkfish cultivators. Factors of production can cause an increase and decrease in production. This study aims to analyze the effect of land area, capital, labor, and the amount of output on the income of milkfish cultivators in Pantai Sederhana Village, Muara Gembong District. Research data is sourced from primary data and secondary data. The sample used there are 33 samples. This research is quantitative research with a multiple linear regression method and assisted by Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) version 25 analysis tool. The variables of this research are the dependent variable (income) and the independent variable (land area, capital, labor, and total production). The results of the study stated that the variable land area did not affect the income of cultivators. The capital variable has a negative effect on income, while the labor variable and the amount of production have a significant positive effect on the income of milkfish cultivators in the Village of Pantai Sederhana, District of Muara Gembong.

Development of Smart Food Value Chain Intervention Models for the Milkfish Industry in Region 1, Philippines

Milkfish production is an important sector of the Philippine aquaculture industry. The Ilocos Region (Region 1), particularly the province of Pangasinan, is the country’s largest producer of milkfish. However, production and environmental constraints confront the milkfish industry, such as insufficient egg supply, degradation of water quality, limited processing facilities and technology, and noncompliance of small-scale processors to food safety standards. To achieve sustainability and resilience, the Department of Science and Technology-Philippine Council for Agriculture, Aquatic and Natural Resources Research and Development (DOST-PCAARRD) commissioned a value chain study to examine the current and “new normal” threats posed to Region 1’s milkfish industry. The study aims to develop intervention models to create a “smart” milkfish value chain. In a smart value chain, the industry players access quality information better, and there are technological innovations along the chain. Various milkfish industry players, such as hatchery operators, growout operators, market intermediaries, retailers, and processors, were interviewed for the study. Furthermore, consultations with various stakeholders, such as relevant government agencies and industry practitioners, determined the most suitable solutions to address the value chain’s core issues. The value chain analysis surfaced a need for an effective strategy to help farmers adopt technological solutions. In addition, the efforts of various support institutions should be harmonized and rationalized. We are proposing these interventions: (1) create a regional milkfish seedstock command center; (2) implement a science and technology community-based farm; and (3) establish a bangus processing enterprise development hub.

Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Deboned Milkfish Production in Thailand

Milkfish (Chanos chanos) is one of the fisheries products that are cultured among countries in Southeast Asia. Milkfish processing, particularly deboned milkfish, is available in the market and the demand of this product is increasing as a protein source. The increase of deboned milkfish demand in Thailand stimulates production units to expand their production line. However, the official information about the greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions of milkfish rearing and deboned process is still unknown. The purposes of this study were to evaluate the GHG emissions from the production of deboned milkfish. The result revealed that CO2 emission was the major GHG of the deboned milkfish production. The CO2 emission from all units was 16.47 kg and the main source of emission was the use of electricity. The N2O emission of all units was 4.99 kg and the major source of emission was the ebullition from milkfish ponds. Emission of CH4 of all units was 0.06 kg and the main source of emission was the ebullition from milkfish ponds. The emissions of N2O or NOX exhibited the highest global warming potential in terms of kgCO2 eq. This finding suggests that improvement of fish ponds environment particularly the microbial activities in the bottom of the ponds should be considered. Good practice of feeding process, water quality control and maintaining the water depth in the pond can help to reduce the GHG emission. Application of alternative energy such as wind and solar energy can help to reduce the use of electricity and the reduction of CO2 emissions.

Ability Analysis Of Waste Milkfish (Chanos chanos) As Alternative Medium Of Nutrient Agar On Escherichia coli And Staphylococcus aureus Growth

Waste milkfish got a lot from the residual processed milkfish production of Sidoarjo. The intestines, liver, and kidneys of waste milkfish contain protein, carbohydrates, and fat. The abundant availabilities were usable as a bacterial growth medium, including Nutrient Agar. Nutrient Agar has a high price and is produced by many foreign companies that can trigger a hard availability in laboratories of domestic healthcare, especially in frontier, outermost, and underdeveloped areas. This research aims to analyze the ability of waste milkfish as an alternative medium for Nutrient Agar on the growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The ability has been observed by the characteristics and number of bacterial colonies. This research was held in the bacteriology laboratory of the Medical Laboratory Technology Department, Health Polytechnic of Surabaya health ministry. The research type was True-experimental with a post-test-only control group design. Based on the preliminary test results, the waste milkfish mass variations were found in 7 grams, 7.5 grams, 8 grams, 8.5 grams, and 9 grams. Bacteria have been inoculated by the spread plate method, bacterial colony growth has been calculated by the Total Plate Count method. The data were analyzed by the Kruskal-Wallis test with a Sig. value <0.05 that there were differences in the number of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus colonies in milkfish waste media with various mass. The results showed that the best ability of waste milkfish as an alternative medium for Nutrient Agar on bacterial growth was found in 9 grams mass variation. the average number of Escherichia coli colonies were 186 × 1013 CFU/mL and Staphylococcus aureus colonies were 188 × 1013 CFU/mL.

OPTIMALISASI BADAN USAHA MILIK DESA (BUMDES) MELALUI PENGELOLAAN PRODUKSI IKAN BANDENG DI DESA KALANGANYAR KECAMATAN SEDATI KABUPATEN SIDOARJO

Village Owned Enterprises are business entities that are established and owned by the village, one of which aims to increase the village's potential progress and also the village's original income. However, it is often found that these objectives have not been met because the income and contributions are not significant. Therefore it is necessary to optimize the management of BUMDes in increasing the management of milkfish productivity in Kalanganyar Village. Kalanganyar Village is one of the villages that produces the largest milkfish production in Sidoarjo Regency, it is necessary to have Optimal management so that in addition to increasing the potential of the Village it will also make this Sidoarjo icon more prominent. Researchers used descriptive qualitative methods, data collection techniques through interviews, observation and documentation. The aim of the research is to analyze the optimization of BUMDes through the management of milkfish productivity. The results of the study show that the management of BUMDes has been going well and has had a positive impact on the community but is still not optimal, because several indicators have not been fulfilled (1) infrastructure that is still not optimal and inadequate, (2) human resources, (3) adequate capital owned by BUMDes is still lacking in managing village potential and planning optimal activities

PENDAPATAN USAHATANI TAMBAK BANDENG DI KECAMATAN UJUNGPANGKAH KABUPATEN GRESIK

Milkfish is one of the aquaculture commodities that has many advantages. The demand for milkfish always increases every year which is offset by the volume of production. In 2019, Kabupaten Gresik produced 54% of the total milkfish production in East Java Province. However, there was a decrease of milkfish production’s value so that it had implications for the income of fishermen. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the feasibilityof milkfish pond farming in Kabupaten Gresik. The analytical methods used are income analysis. The results of the study stated that milkfish pond farming in Kecamatan Ujungpangkah was economically feasible and profitable as indicated by the income value for the total cost of Rp21,595.613,00/ha and the R/C value of the total cost of 4.71.

Analysis of Different Volume of Production of Shrimps, Milk Fishes and Seaweeds in The Province of West NusaTenggara And East Nusa Tenggara

The production of shrimp, milkfish and seaweed farming is able to contribute to food sources in Indonesia, especially in the province West Nusa Tenggara (NTB) and East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) areas. This study aims to determine the differences in the volume of production of shrimp, milkfish and seaweed in NTB and NTT in the last decade.This study use t test. The results of this study were accepts H1 that is there is a significant difference between the volume of shrimp production in NTB and NTT, for the results of the test the different volumes of seaweed production The result obtained is a significance value of 0.004 which is smaller so that it accepts H1 i.e. there is a significant difference between the production volume in the provinces of NTB and NTT, and the last one for the results of the different test results in the volume of milkfish production, the significance value of 0.06 is greater than 0.05, which means that it accepts Ho, there is no significant difference between the volume of milkfish production in the provinces of NTB and NTT. In this study, there was a significant difference in the volume of production of shrimp and seaweed between the provinces of NTB and NTT, so that areas with lower provincial average volumes were able to participate in the management of shrimp and seaweed cultivation in the aquaculture development process from the perspective of natural resources and human resources.

Improving the quality and production capacity of Bandeng Presto Business Posdaya ASLI, Malang City

One variety of pond fish with an unique taste is milkfish. However, because milkfish has small spines all over its body, consuming it may feel uncomfortable. A further technique is to cook milkfish with high pressure in a pan (presto). Until now, the ASLI Posdaya group has been producing presto milkfish according to traditional methods in the Pandanwangi subdistrict of Malang City. The program carried out by the community service team at Unmer Malang aims to assist product development by improving infrastructure and improving marketing skills. The process includes providing production tools, instruction and assistance for pressure milkfish production, digital marketing, and product diversification. The implementation of supporting infrastructure and facilities in the form of a pressure cooker, oven, deep fryer, and vacuum sealer are the outcomes of this service activity. As a result, both the quality of the manufacturing and the rate of business turnover increase. Additionally, partners can use Facebook and Instagram as marketing tools and there has been an increase in insight into the rapid milkfish production process.