Breast Milk Production Research Articles

Pengaruh Hypnobreastfeeding Terhadap Tingkat Kecemasan Ibu Menyusui Pada Ibu Post Partum Sectio Caesarrea Dalam Meningkatkan Produksi ASI Di RS. Simpangan Depok

Introduction: This study highlights the level of anxiety of breastfeeding mothers in post partum caesarean section mothers. The cause that can influence the success of breastfeeding is the mother's psychological changes, mothers who give birth using the Sectio Caesarea method have a higher level of anxiety than mothers who give birth spontaneously. The importance of breast milk for babies contains the most optimal nutritional content to provide immune protection for the baby, for this reason hypnobreastfeeding intervention is given which is expected to reduce the level of maternal packaging. Objective: The aim of this research is to determine the effect of Hypnobreastfeeding on the level of anxiety of breastfeeding mothers in post partum sectio caessarea mothers in increasing breast milk production in hospitals. Depok intersection. Method: This research uses a quasi-experimental design with a one group pretest-posttest design without control group. The data collection method involved using the Hamilton Rating Scale For Anxiety (HARS) questionnaire to measure students' anxiety levels before and after the hypnobreastfeeding intervention. This study aims to assess the effect of hypnobreastfeeding on the anxiety level of breastfeeding mothers in post partum mothers. Results: The results of the research obtained a P-valeu value of 0.000 p < 0.05 which states that the Ha hypothesis was accepted and H0 was rejected, thus there was a significant change between before and after the hypnobreastfeeding intervention on changes in anxiety levels.

The Effectiveness of Moringa Leaf Simplicia on the Adequacy of Breast Milk in Babies Less Than 6 Months Old In Terms Of the Baby's Weight at the Health Center

Breast milk (breast milk) is the best food for babies. The benefits of breastfeeding can be felt by babies, mothers and families, but data shows that breastfeeding for toddlers in Indonesia is still very low. Factors that can influence mothers not to give breast milk to their babies include insufficient milk production. A sign of sufficient milk in infants is their weight gain of more than 10% in the first week. The baby's weight will increase by 200-2500 grams per week. The smoothness of breast milk production is influenced by many factors, namely the nutritional status of the mother, mother's nutrition can be met with alternative Moringa (Moringa oleifera) plants, because they contain phytosterol compounds which function to increase and facilitate milk production. In babies less than 6 months in terms of baby's weight in the Posyandu in the working area of the Tembuku I Health Center. This study uses the Quasi Experimental research method with the posttest only control design where in this research design there will be an experimental group and a control group. The sample in this study was 30 mothers breastfeeding babies less than 6 months, divided into 2 groups, namely 15 people in the experimental group and 15 people in the control group. Data were analyzed using Independent t-test. Results Analysis using statistical tests in this study was carried out using the independent-T Test test, the results obtained were that the p value was 0.025 < α 0.05. Thus the administration of Moringa leaf simplicia to breastfeeding mothers affects the baby's weight in the posyandu working area of the Tembuku I Health Center.
 
 Keywords : Baby, Breast Milk, Moringa leaves, Simplicia

The effectiveness of moringa leaf jelly on mother's prolactin level and baby's outcome

The failure of exclusive breastfeeding and the increased use of milk formulas is one of the results of a shortage of breast milk production. Moringa leaf contains phytosterol to increase milk production. Fortification of moringa leaf with jelly will increase the nutritional value of moringa leaf so that the prolactin increases and the production and quality of breast milk get better for babies. This study aimed to determine the effect of moringa leaf jelly on increasing milk production (prolactin, breast milk volume), and the outcome for the baby. Quasi-experimental research using pre-postest with control group design. The study respondents were taken with a purposive sampling technique of 58 people. Outcome indicators for babies are seen from the baby’s weight, the baby's urination frequency, the baby's defecation, and the baby's sleep duration. There was a significant effect on the increase in prolactin score by 23.3%, breast milk volume by 47%, and outcome babies by 3.3% in respondents given moringa leaf jelly. Meanwhile, respondents who were not given Moringa leaf jelly had a risk of decreasing prolactin levels 10.5 times, breast milk supply was 3.8 times lower and the outcomes for babies were 15 than those given Moringa leaf jelly. The moringa leaf jelly significantly effects increasing milk production and outcomes for babies compared to standard interventions.

Analysis of the Application Effect of Painless Delivery Technology in Clinical Obstetrics

Objective: To explore the application effect of painless delivery technology in clinical obstetrics. Methods: Clinical data of 900 women who gave birth were collected and randomly divided into groups A and B, each comprising 450 cases. Group A served as the control group, while Group B acted as the observation group. Group A underwent natural delivery, whereas Group B received combined spinal-epidural anesthesia for painless delivery. The effects of these two delivery techniques were comprehensively evaluated based on maternal pain level, postpartum recovery, postpartum lactation, and other relevant indicators. Results: In Group B, there were more individuals with pain levels of 0 and 1 compared to Group A, and significantly fewer individuals with pain levels of 2 and 3 than in Group A (P < 0.05). This suggests that the pain level in Group B was significantly superior to that in Group A. Additionally, postpartum recovery indicators among mothers in Group A were significantly higher than those in Group B (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the time for the onset of colostrum mobilization and adequate breast milk production was significantly longer in Group A compared to Group B (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Combined spinal-epidural anesthesia with ropivacaine + sufentanil demonstrates a positive application effect in painless delivery.

Acupressure to Increase Milk Production in Breastfeeding Moms

Introduction: Giving acupressure therapy can increase breast milk production because it affects the stimulation process of the hormone prolactin. This study aimed to determine the effect of acupressure at points ST 15, ST 16, and Li 4 on breast milk production in postpartum mothers. Materials and Method: Type of quantitative research. Quasi-experimental research design, post-test control group research design. The sample was 32 people, 16 in the control group and 16 in the treatment group. Data processing and analysis using the SPSS application with the Mann-Whithney test. Result: The Mann-Whitney test output obtained a p-value of 0.000 (<0.05). The group of postpartum mothers who were treated produced more breast milk than the group who were not treated. Conclusion: Acupressure at points ST 15, ST 16 and, Li 4 can increase breast milk production in postpartum mothers. Midwives can perform acupressure at points ST 15, ST 16, and Li 4 on postpartum mothers to increase breast milk production.

Pelatihan Pengolahan Makanan Lokal untuk Peningkatan Gizi dan Pendapatan Keluarga di Desa Pantai Labu

Pantai Labu Pekan Village, Pantai Labu District, Deli Serdang Regency, is one of the villages whose area is located on the coast. According to the research conducted, there are still toddlers who experience stunting and malnutrition, the low coverage of poverty, and the low knowledge of pregnant women in toddlers causes the growth and development of toddlers to be disrupted and this can affect their health status broadly. The purpose of this research is to apply science and technology to the community to increase knowledge and skills in the health sector, form/develop community groups in the health sector, apply research results to improve public health for the welfare of public health. This research is observational research with a descriptive research design. The research was conducted in June 2023 in Pantai Labu Pekan Village, Pantai Labu District. In this Community Service activity, the methods carried out were training in local pagan-based snack food processing for pregnant women and WUS and conducting demonstrations on making sukahitu cookies, moringa leaves, fish nuggets, fish sandwiches, rebon shrimp crackers and satay donuts. This program to increase the knowledge of pregnant women and wus starts from 4 stages, namely licensing, preparation, implementation and evaluation. The results of community service activities are that there is an increase in the knowledge of pregnant women and WUS about snack foods which can help in efforts to deal with stunting and there is an increase in the knowledge of pregnant women and WUS about snack foods. From snack foods that are highly nutritious to prevent stunting and snacks containing moringa leaves as a way to overcome anemia and breast milk production.

Pengaruh Teknik Marmet Terhadap Produksi ASI Pada Ibu Postpartum Di TPMB R Cibitung

Exclusive breastfeeding for infants 0-6 months in Bekasi Regency in 2021 was 72.59%. The results of preliminary studies based on the results of interviews, there has been no handling of increasing breast milk volume production with the marmet technique. The purpose of UNU's research is to determine the effect of marmet technique on breast milk production in postpartum mothers at TPMB R, Cibitung in 2023. Pre-experimental research method, one group pretest posttest. The population amounted to 30 postpartum mothers with a research sample of 30 respondents, with total sampling. Research instrument observation sheet of breast milk volume. Univariate analysis and bivariate analysis with Wilcoxon test. The results of the study found that postpartum maternal milk production before marmet technique intervention was given, milk production with less category as much as 73.3%, while after marmet technique intervention milk production with less category as much as 40%. Wilcoxon test results obtained p-values of 0.002 < α 0.05. The conclusion of this study is that there is an effect of giving marmet techniques on postpartum mother's milk production.

Application Of Complementary Therapy With Fenugreek Seed Tea (Klabet) To Increase Breast Milk Production In Langkapura District, Bandar Lampung City, 2023

Background: Exclusive breastfeeding coverage in Indonesia in 2019-2020 decreased from 67.74% to 56.9%. This is caused by several problems, both maternal and baby problems. Babies who are not exclusively breastfed are very susceptible to diseases such as respiratory tract infections (ARI), diarrhea, severe intestinal problems in premature babies, decreased Intelligence Quotient (IQ) (Wijayanti, 2015). Therefore the author is interested in conducting research on "Therapeutic Application Complementary with Fenugreek Seed Tea (Klabet) to Increase Breast Milk Production in Langkapura Village, Bandar Lampung City in 2023.” Research Objective: To determine the effectiveness of applying complementary therapy of Fenugreek seed tea (Klabet) to increase breast milk production in breastfeeding mothers. Research Method: This study used an independent t test research design with a population of 30 breastfeeding mothers and the sample for this study used the total population. Data techniques use computer program statistical calculations. Research Results: In the experimental group 93.3% of respondents were aged 21-35 years, 66.7% had a high school education, 80.0% were unemployed and 53.3% were multiparous, while in the control group 100.0% were aged 21-35 years old, 60% had a high school education, 66.7% did not work and 53.3% were primiparous. In the experimental group the pre test average was 4.47 and the post test average was 9.53. Meanwhile, in the control group, the pre-test average was 4.07 with the post-test average being 6.93. Conclusions and Recommendations: Based on the results of research using an independent t test, it was found that Ho was rejected, which means there was an effect of fenugreek seed tea on breast milk production in breastfeeding mothers in Langkapura Village, Bandar Lampung City in 2023.

A study to evaluate the effect of Lactobites bar as a galactagogue to increase the production of milk in lactating women and promote overall healthy recovery of lactating mothers

Breastfeeding is widely acknowledged as the preferred and recommended mode of infant nutrition. However, women who have undergone cesarean deliveries may face an increased risk of inadequate breast milk production, which can be addressed through various techniques, including the use of galactagogues, which stimulate breast milk production. Galactagogues are synthetic or plant molecules that induce, maintain, and increase milk production.In this current real-world evidence study, 53 lactating women were enrolled. During the study, they received lactobites bar for 28 days. The intestinal health of the baby, incidences of formula feeding, the volume of breast milk, baby's anthropometric measures: such as changes in height, changes in the quality of hair and skin of the mother were evaluated. The feeling of wellness in the mother and haemoglobin levels were also assessed during the study.The haemoglobin levels were significantly increased in mothers who were given lactobites bar. A significant increase was observed in hours of night and day sleep, stool frequency per day, vol. of breast milk [baseline vs 28 day: 30.19 ± 34.4 vs 448.06 ± 651.11; P<0.05], no. of diapers per day, height [baseline vs 28th day: 47.39±1.72 vs 50.1±1.62; P<0.05], changes in quality of hair and skin of mother, and the feeling of wellness in mother [baseline vs 28th day: 0.04 ± 0.19 vs 1.88 ± 0.32; P<0.05]. A significant reduction was observed in formula feeding incidence (<0.001). No side effects were reported. Lactobites bar can be used as a galactagogue to increase the human milk volume in lactating women.

Determinan Kegagalan Pemberian ASI Eksklusif Pada Ibu Bekerja: A Literature Review

Mother's breast milk is the best food for babies because it is able to meet children's nutritional needs during 0-6 months. One of the problems with exclusive breastfeeding is that breast milk production. This was an impact on achieving exclusive breastfeeding coverage, based on UNICEF data, exclusive breastfeeding coverage in Indonesia is around 50.7% for children under five aged 0-6 months. Breast milk has many benefits for babies and mothers, some of which are breast milk containing various complete nutrients for babies, strengthening and establishing love between mother and baby, reducing the risk of bleeding and speeding up the recovery of the mother's health. Based on this background, it is necessary to carry out research which aims to examine and determine the factors that determine the failure of providing exclusive breastfeeding to working mothers. The method used in this research is a critical review of complete texts in Indonesian. Articles were selected in stages using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta Analysis (PRISMA) assessment tool, then duplicate filtering was carried out, screening was carried out based on title and abstract, full text, feasibility study and until the final stage 8 articles were found that met the inclusion criteria and feasibility study. The results of research based on 8 selected articles found that the determining factors for the failure of exclusive breastfeeding for working mothers were the level of education, knowledge and attitudes. Factors that may occur are insufficient working hours and breast milk production. The strengthening factor is support from superiors, family and health workers

Eksplorasi Pengetahuan lokal Etnomedisin Daun katuk (Sauropus Andíogynus (L.)Meeí) Booster ASI pada Ibu Menyusui di Kelurahan Sampara Kabupaten Konawe

Providing breast milk (ASI) is very important for optimal growth and development of babies. One of the efforts that can be made to increase breast milk production is with herbs such as katuk extract (Sauropus androgynus (L.) Merr.) Knowledge about the use of plants as medicinal ingredients used in various ethnic groups in Indonesia has not been utilized properly. Ethnomedicine studies are a scientific way to document the use of plants as medicinal ingredients in various tribes. The aim of this research is to find out the form of the herb, how to process it, how to use it and the factors behind people using katuk leaves (Sauropus androgynus (L.) Merr) as a breast milk booster in the Sampara sub-district. The research method used was qualitative descriptive observational. The sampling technique is purposive sampling through observation and in-depth interviews with informants. The results of the research showed that participants said that the shape of the katuk leaf concoction was made like a clear vegetable with leaves shaped like Moringa, they did not know the taste of katuk leaves, received support and the cooking method used by the participants stated that before boiling, boil water, wash katuk leaves, add flavoring, then cooked for 3-5 minutes and then consumed during breastfeeding but the problem is that katuk leaves are difficult to buy.

A breast milk production model for achieving exclusive breastfeeding in low-risk primiparas who had vaginal births at 4 months postpartum: A prospective cohort study.

This study aimed to investigate the thresholds of milk production for predicting the achievement of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) at 4 months postpartum. The inclusion criteria were singleton, low-risk primiparas, non-cesarean section, and healthy mothers and infants. Temporary feeding of artificial milk in the past was included. Women who could be judged to have intentionally used artificial milk were excluded from the analysis. Measurements of the 24-h milk production by test weights were obtained at early postpartum (days 3-4) and at 1 month postpartum. To predict the achievement of EBF at 4 months postpartum, the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was calculated for early postpartum and 1 month milk production. There were 80 eligible participants analyzed. ROC analysis of milk production for achieving EBF at 4 months revealed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.736 (95% CI: [0.625, 0.848]) for early postpartum and an AUC of 0.854 (95% CI: [0.772, 0.936]) for 1 month postpartum. The proposed thresholds are 102 g/day (higher sensitivity) and 161 g/day (higher specificity) at early postpartum, and 527 g/day (higher sensitivity) at 1 month postpartum. In low-risk primiparas, the milk production models at early postpartum and 1 month postpartum showed a high accuracy for predicting the achievement of EBF at 4 months postpartum. The present study indicates that even when formula milk is temporarily used, it is still possible to reach the goal of achieving EBF.

PENGUATAN PERAN KELUARGA DALAM KEBERHASILAN ASI EKSKLUSIF MELALUI EDUKASI PIJAT OKSITOSIN

Exclusive breastfeeding coverage according to WHO (2020) is 44%, still less than the 2030 target of 50%. Indonesia’s exclusive breastfeeding in 2021 is 71.58%. Exclusive breastfeeding in the Riau Islands in 2020 reached 44.9%, and in Batam it was 58.1%. This coverage figure is still far from the national target of 80%. Low coverage of exclusive breastfeeding can affect a child's future growth and development. Insufficient milk production and slow release is one of the reasons why mothers do not give exclusive breast milk to their babies. Other factors that influence breast milk production include the mother's nutritional status, Early Breastfeeding Initiation (IMD), family support and the mother's own knowledge. One effort to increase breast milk production is with oxytocin massage. The aims of this activity are 1) Providing education about Exclusive Breastfeeding and how to stimulate breast milk production by doing Oxytocin Massage, 2) Demonstration of Oxytocin Massage for mothers and families to support the success of Exclusive Breastfeeding. This Community Service Activity (PKM) was carried out at PMB "A", in January 2023. The population of breastfeeding mothers was 6 people. PKM activities are carried out by providing education about exclusive breastfeeding and how to increase breast milk production using leaflets as well as an Oxytocin Massage demonstration. The results of the activity show an increase in the knowledge of breastfeeding mothers with the majority having good knowledge of 83.3%. This PKM activity is expected to be able to motivate breastfeeding mothers to implement breastfeeding until 2 years old.

The economic value of human milk from three cohort studies in Friuli Venezia Giulia, Italy

BackgroundThe Mothers’ Milk Tool, developed and launched by the Australian National University and Alive & Thrive in 2022, allows to estimate the volume and value of breastmilk using prevalence rates of breastfeeding by month of age from birth to 36 months. The objective of this study was to obtain these estimates for three cohort studies conducted in a region of Italy.MethodsBreastfeeding data from three cohort studies carried out in 1999, 2007 and 2016, with follow-up to 12, 24 and 36 months of 842, 400 and 265 children, respectively, were entered into the downloadable version of the tool. Breastfeeding rates charts and tables with estimates of breastmilk production and value for breastfeeding of children aged 0–36 months were produced.ResultsThe rates of initiation of breastfeeding were similar in the three cohorts, while the rates of any breastfeeding at subsequent ages increased over the years. The volumes and values of breastmilk per child increased accordingly, from around 130 L (13,000 USD) in 1999, to 200 L (20,000 USD) in 2007, to 226 L (22,600 USD) in 2016. The percentage of lost breastmilk decreased from 67.7% to 55.4% to 43.7%, respectively. Overall, the 1507 mothers of the three cohorts produced an estimated 250,000 L of breastmilk for their children aged 0–36 months. At 100 USD per litre, this would add up to around 25 million USD.ConclusionsOur study shows that the Mothers’ Milk Tool can be used to estimate per child volumes and values of breastmilk produced and lost at local levels, and to provide simple indicators of the effects of breastfeeding interventions using the percentage of lost breastmilk, where datasets on rates of breastfeeding by month of age are available. The results of such studies can be used to advocate for better and adequately funded programmes for the protection, promotion and support of breastfeeding.

Pemberian Akupresure dan Aromatherapy Fennel Oil Terhadap Peningkatan Produksi ASI

Breastfeeding is a crucial process that requires adequate milk production to ensure the baby's health and growth. However, mothers may face difficulty in breastfeeding after giving birth due to insufficient milk production. To address this problem, intervention can be done through a combination of acupressure techniques and aromatherapy using essential fennel oil. This approach has been proven effective in increasing breast milk production and making the process smoother for the mother. The study aimed to determine the effect of acupressure and fennel oil aromatherapy in increasing breast milk volume. The research design was a quasi-experiment with a pretest and posttest group design. The study involved 30 breastfeeding mothers who met the inclusion criteria and were divided into two groups using purposive sampling. The results showed that there was a significant increase in breast milk production after providing acupressure techniques and fennel oil aromatherapy. The acupressure technique helped release oxytocin, which is essential in increasing breast milk production. Moreover, providing fennel oil aromatherapy during the acupressure process can help the mother become more relaxed and increase breast milk production. Therefore, we recommend that midwives use acupressure techniques and fennel oil aromatherapy as complementary therapies to help increase breast milk production and ensure a healthy breastfeeding experience for mothers and their babies.

HUBUNGAN PEMAKAIAN KB SUNTIK 3 BULAN DENGAN KENAIKAN BERAT BADAN DI TPMB BIDAN TITIN DURATUL KABUPATEN TANGERANG BANTEN TAHUN 2023

ABSTRAK
 Three-month injectable contraception offers benefits but also carries a risk of adverse consequences for users. Three-month injectable contraception has many benefits, such as being extremely effective, preventing long-term pregnancy, having no effect on husband-wife relationships, not containing estrogen, which means it has no significant effect on blood clotting disorders or heart disease, having no effect on breast milk production, having few side effects, and being safe for use by women over the age of 35 until perimenopause. However, menstruation disorders, depression, vaginal discharge, acne, nausea, vomiting, hair loss, changes in libido, and most importantly, a change in body weight are common adverse effects. The typical rise in body weight is within reasonable bounds, ranging from less than 1 kg to 5 kg in the first year, or eleven pounds or five kilograms, and a 3.4% rise in body fat after three years of consumption. The research design uses a correlational approach with a cross - sectional approach. Data processing was carried out univariately and bivariately with the Chi Square (X2) statistical test. Using 41 respondents who used injectable birth control for 3 months. The statistical test (chi square) yielded a p value of 0.01—that is, a p value less than the alpha value of 0.05—so Ho is rejected and Ha is approved. The result was that "there is a significant relationship between the use of 3-month injectable birth control and weight gain."
 Keywords:3-monthvaccination,bodyweight

Effectiveness of Cold Cabbage Leaf Compress (Brassica Oleracea Var. Capitata) To Reduce Breast Swelling of Breastfeeding Mothers in Purwakarta Regency, Indonesia

Breast engorgement is one of the problems often experienced by breastfeeding mothers. Breast engorgement can cause pain and discomfort and can even inhibit breast milk production. Cold cabbage leaves (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) are a traditional treatment that has long been used to reduce breast swelling. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of cold cabbage leaves in reducing breast swelling in breastfeeding mothers in Purwakarta Regency, Indonesia. This research uses a quasi-experimental design with a pre-post-test approach. The research sample was 60 breastfeeding mothers in Purwakarta Regency, Indonesia. The mothers were divided into two groups, namely the intervention group, who were given cold cabbage leaf compresses, and the control group, who were not given cold cabbage leaf compresses. Breast swelling is measured using the visual analog scale (VAS) pain scale. Measurements were taken on the first day and 7th day after intervention. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the intervention group and the control group in terms of reducing breast swelling. On day 7, the VAS value in the intervention group (3.2 ± 0.5) was lower than the control group (5.5 ± 0.7). Cold cabbage leaf compress is an effective natural way to reduce breast swelling in breastfeeding mothers.

COMPARISON OF HOLISTIC CARE HYPNOLACTATION MODEL BY SELF-TALK FOR BREASTMILK PRODUCTION IN POSTPARTUM WOMEN

Breast milk production is crucial for mothers to provide exclusive breast milk to their babies. Holistic care in midwifery offers an alternative or complementary approach to conventional medical treatment. It aimed to enhance the health of postpartum mothers through education and various health services, recognizing that health issues are not solely physical and can be addressed through non-medical interventions. This study investigated the impact of Hypnolactation and self-talk on breast milk production in postpartum mothers. The research utilized a quasi-experimental design, specifically, a pretest-posttest with a control group. The holistic care model implemented communication science techniques to promote relaxation, deep breathing, positive suggestions, and confidence building in postpartum mothers. The study was conducted in the Meteseh Boja Kendal village area from June to August 2023. The analysis employed paired testing, with a sample of 35 out of 42 postpartum mothers selected through purposive sampling. The results revealed that 100% of mothers who received Hypnolactation achieved sufficient breast milk levels, whereas 66.7% of those who practiced self-talk achieved the same, with 33.3% having inadequate levels. Hypnolactation demonstrated greater efficacy in enhancing breast milk production in the Meteseh Boja Kendal area. Applying hypnolactation and self-talk increased the secretion of endorphins, prolactin, and oxytocin, potentially influencing the mother's breastfeeding ability and the body's capacity to produce breast milk. Future research should consider using action research methods, expanding sample coverage over an extended period, and examining additional factors such as postpartum mothers' dietary intake.

Literature Review Study of Lactational Massage on The Flow of Breast Milk

Lactation massage is a massage technique that can be worked out for smooth breastfeeding, by doing massages regularly as well as applying the correct breastfeeding technique. Lactation massage is useful for reducing pain, tension, stress, and anxiety, elevating mood or mood, increasing milk production, and encouraging loving maternal care, preparing the mother physically, emotionally, and mentally to face the postpartum period. This study aims to determine the relationship between lactation massage and the smoothness of breastfeeding in postpartum mothers. The method used in the preparation of this research is to use a literature review study approach by analyzing 16 articles that have been selected according to research criteria. The results from 16 literature review journals found that giving lactation massage is very effective for expediting breast milk. In this study it can be concluded that giving lactation massage can overcome the uneven production of breast milk, improve blood circulation, prevent breast milk from clogging, and make mothers more relaxed.

Efektivitas Massage Payudara dengan Teknik “Z” Terhadap Produksi ASI Ibu Nifas

Introduction: A decrease in breast milk production in the first days after giving birth can be caused by a lack of stimulation of the hormones oxytocin and prolactin which play a very important role in the smooth flow of breast milk, causing breast milk not to come out immediately after delivery and the baby having difficulty sucking on the mother's nipple. Currently, in midwifery services, complementary-based services have emerged, which often include breast massage to overcome irregularities in breast milk production. Breast massage is the act of gently massaging the breasts which can be done every day.
 Method: This study aims to determine the effectiveness of breast massage using the "Z" technique on breast milk production in postpartum mothers. This type of research uses a Quasi-experimental method, the design used is Nonequivalent control group design. This study consisted of 2 (two) groups, namely a control group and a treatment group who were given breast massage using the "Z" technique. The research subjects were 30 postpartum mothers who breastfed their babies. The sampling technique uses purposive sampling.
 Results: The results of the research were that of the 15 postpartum mothers in the treatment group after breast massage using the "Z" technique, the majority experienced smooth breast milk production, 11 people experienced smooth breast milk production, and 4 postpartum mothers experienced fairly smooth breast milk production. Meanwhile, the 15 postpartum mothers in the control group mostly experienced fairly smooth breast milk production for 9 people, 2 people had breast milk flow smoothly and 4 people had less than smooth breast milk production. It can be concluded based on the results of the hypothesis test showing that the p value < α is 0.000< 0.05 so that breast massage using the "Z" technique is effective on breast milk production in postpartum mothers with an average increase of 144.50 ml.
 Recommendation: It is hoped that the results of this research will provide input for the health profession in an effort to increase the attainment of exclusive breastfeeding and to overcome the problem of breast milk production during the postpartum period.
 
 Keywords: postpartum mothers, breast massage, "Z" technique, breast milk production.