Production Management Problems Research Articles

Multi-objective multi-item fuzzy inventory and production management problem involving fuzzy decision variables

Multi-objective multi-item fuzzy inventory and production management problem involving fuzzy decision variables

Problems Existing in The Management of Coal Mine Safety Production Under The New Situation and Solutions

Four major coal mine accidents, for example, one of coal mine safety production management problems and way to tackle, based on the analysis of the current trend of the development of coal industry in China, on the basis of the objective factors and subjective factors of lead to safety hazard analysis, and the problems existing in the safety management and safety management measures are summarized, do management concept, technology, equipment, creative corporate culture and so on.

A two-stage real world serial batching scheduling problem: a case study

This paper concerns a real-life production management problem composed of two stages, which includes interdependent batch scheduling problems. Moreover, both stages require setup operations at the beginning and between the subsequent batches. From the optimisation point of view, this production management problem is complying with customers’ deadlines and hence minimising total lateness. To achieve this objective, the production planner must identify optimum or near-optimum batch schedules for both stages. Correspondingly, this paper aims to develop a methodology to manage the related production problem as accurately as possible. We formulate an optimisation model that employs the mathematical programming method in line with this. Afterwards, an algorithmic proposal based on the simulated annealing algorithm is also developed to solve the problem in realistic sizes. The computational capabilities of the developed model and the algorithm are evaluated on the randomly generated problem sets. A direct comparison between the mathematical model and the algorithm shows how efficiently the proposed algorithm solves real-world problems. Also, computational results indicate that the proposed algorithm satisfactorily solves the related real-world batch scheduling problem.

정수 선형 분수 계획법 문제에 대한 파라메트릭 접근법

In this paper, we focus on the integer linear fractional optimization problem, a special case of fractional programming where all functions in the objective function and constraints are linear and all variables are bounded and discrete. To derive the optimal solution, the parametric algorithms are considered, and the efficiency of the algorithms is investigated computationally. Unlike traditional parametric algorithms such as Newton's method, which create a unidirectional sequence approaching the optimal function value, our proposed algorithm generates both upper and lower bounds converging to this value. To demonstrate its effectiveness across various production and operations management problems, the suggested algorithms are used to solve the fractional knapsack problem by comparison to other algorithms (e.g., Newton’s method) under the randomized experimental conditions. The relative practical performance measured by the number of function calls demonstrates that the proposed algorithms are fast and robust for solving the linear fractional programs with discrete variables. Leveraging this algorithm holds the potential to overcome situations in traditional production and operations problems where non-fractional objective functions were previously unconsidered, thereby expecting to derive new outcomes and significance.

Optimization of Facility Layout Problems Using Genetic Algorithm

The facility layout problem (FLP) is one of the most important classic industrial engineering and production management problems that have attracted the attention of many researchers over the last few decades. Poor production facility layout planning can result in additional operational costs; one of them is the cost of material handling. Although crucial, FLP is a challenging issue to resolve. A unique method is needed depending on the constraint, case study, and layout type. This research was conducted in order to improve the existing layout of PT. XYZ to minimize material handling costs. The layout type in this case is the Open-field layout problem (OFLP). A genetic algorithm is proposed to optimize the layout. The result is 18.1% material handling costs can be reduced.

Analysis of Agricultural Production Trusteeship Services in The Whole Industry Chain of Fruit

Fruit industry is an important part of planting industry in China. This paper analyzes the problems of production management and production technology in the development of apple industry, and then summarizes the application of agricultural production trusteeship services in apple industry. Finally, it puts forward some policy suggestions on agricultural production trusteeship services in the whole industrial chain of fruit industry.

Integrated lot-sizing and scheduling: Mitigation of uncertainty in demand and processing time by machine learning

Production rescheduling is one of the most challenging problems in production management, in which some parameters, such as customer demand and job processing time, are subject to uncertainty during the planning horizon. This paper develops a scheduling and rescheduling method for the simultaneous lot-sizing and job shop scheduling problem, considering sequence-dependent setup times and capacity constraints. The objective is to find a trade-off between safety levels and production costs focusing on schedulability and optimality as the two most important performance indicators in the face of uncertainty. Therefore, a new adjustable formulation based on satisfiability modulo theories has been developed to tackle the demand and processing time uncertainty. Then, a combination of neural networks and a K-means based heuristic was applied to calibrate the model by determining the profitable value of the safety levels as a strategy to increase the robustness of the schedule. We also developed a Monte Carlo simulation to assess the performance of the proposed algorithm and compare it with other approaches addressed in the literature. The computational results show that the proposed algorithm is efficient and promising in protecting the schedulability of the model, taking the optimality criterion into account.

SYSTEM-INFORMATION MODELS FOR INTELLIGENT INFORMATION PROCESSING

The subject of the study is system-information models of processes and systems and their use for intelligent processing of information in production tasks. The use of intelligent information processing in production management systems is currently one of the key areas of development of informatics. The aim of the work is to develop system-information models of processes and systems for intelligent information processing allowing to analyze and solve production problems, in conditions of uncertainty. In the article the following tasks are solved: to analyze approaches to the definition of information characteristics of processes and systems; to develop the basis for modeling of system-information processes and systems for intelligent information processing; to develop system-information models and ways of their application for intelligent information processing in the tasks of production. The following methods are used: system-information approach to processes and systems; system-information modeling of processes and systems. The following results were obtained: the analysis of approaches to the definition of information characteristics of processes and systems; developed principles of modeling system-information processes and systems for intelligent processing of information; introduced the concepts of system information and information measure; developed system-information models and methods of their application for the intelligent processing of information in the tasks of production. Conclusions. The development of methods for solving various classes of practical problems using intelligent information processing is one of the key areas of research in computer science. The developed system-information models of processes and systems for intelligent information processing allow analyzing and solving problems. Thereby increase the efficiency of solving problems of analysis, synthesis and forecasting of production systems and technologies, as well as problems of production management. The system-information approach to processes and systems operates with new concepts – system information and information measure, it allowed developing system-information models for intelligent processing of information, as well as ways of their application at stages of product life cycle, which allowed solving problems of production. System-information models of processes and systems describe interaction between source and receiver on information level on the basis of sensitivity threshold. The communication channel between the source and the receiver of information operates, as a rule, under conditions of uncertainty, which can lead to the loss of information during transmission due to possible changes in the characteristics of the system. To describe their interaction, some models of intelligent information processing can be used, in particular, neural network models or fuzzy inference models. Their use will improve the efficiency of receiver state prediction, taking into account the state of the transmitter and the conditions of communication channel operation. The presented article has shown the relevance of developing system-information models for intelligent information processing at the levels of data reception, interpretation and communication, which allows expanding the class of solved production tasks.

Development of an automated information system for calculating the break-even nitrogen balance in field crop rotations

The problems of crop production management and support for managerial decision-making are still relevant today [4]. Crop production is of strategic importance and is the basis of our country food security. The use of information technology in agriculture was limited to the use of computers and software, mainly for managing financial transactions and maintaining accounting and operational records. It should be noted that the measures taken to increase labor productivity and automate technological processes in the agro-industrial complex did not have a comprehensive nature, therefore, they did not significantly affect the industry efficiency and, as the result, the products competitiveness. Therefore, the computer decision support system development and implementation in the management of crop production technological processes, based on mathematical models for analyzing and assessing the economic efficiency of technologies for cultivating crops, models for rationalizing crop rotation, models for analyzing data from the crop rotation fields history book, models for the optimal selection of plant protection products and fertilizers acquired very topical. This research project can be considered a priority and highly demanded, as contributing to the fulfillment of one of the requirements of the State Program for the Agriculture Development and Agricultural Products, Raw Materials and Foods Markets Regulation of the Russian Federation for 2013-2020. The goal of the project is to improve mathematical models and methods for managing technological processes at agricultural enterprises by developing and implementing an integrated automated information system for crop management. The article is devoted to the theoretical substantiation and feasibility of the software module practical implementation for solving the problem of planning and calculating the organic and mineral fertilizers dosages in farms’ field crop rotations in the Krasnodar Territory, which is part of the developed integrated automated information system for crop management at agricultural enterprises.

A goal programming approach to lean production system implementation

Companies use different production policies to ensure customer demands are satisfied in time. To track the performance of production policies some important Key Performance Indicators related to production control and management are On-Time Delivery (OTD), machine or line productivity (OEE – Overall Equipment Efficiency), optimization of inventory levels between workstations (WIP), customer satisfaction i.e. prioritization of customer orders according to requirements of the customer, and backlog minimization. In this study, a real-life production management problem is described, modelled, and solved to improve customer delivery rate and, to plan manufacturing orders using lean production tools. Currently, the Make-to-Stock policy is used for semi-finished materials. The problems encountered are low customer service level, high level of WIP between operations and efficiency losses. Therefore, the goal of this study is to increase efficiency (OTD, OEE, and customer satisfaction) by minimizing setup time, decreasing WIP by minimizing earliness, backlog quantity level and improving service level by minimizing lateness of orders. Since these goals contradict each other, we propose a multi-objective mathematical formulation with a setup carryover strategy. Then we formulate a Goal Programming (GP) model and solve it by using different GP variants and the normalization method. Finally, we discuss numerical results and provide our final remarks and conclusions.

A Construction Method of Intelligent Manufacturing System under Industry 4.0 Model

Starting from the current problems facing Industry 4.0, this article analyzes the changes in the macro and industrial environment that Industry 4.0 faces and explains the problems, opportunities, and strategies for the manufacturing industry in the external environment. First, the reference system of the intelligent manufacturing system, the current status, and the existing problems of industrial production management are analyzed through the investigation of the status quo of industrial production and management. This puts forward the detailed requirements of the industrial intelligent manufacturing system in the data acquisition layer, data storage layer, and analysis and decision support layer and then designs the hierarchical structure of the industrial intelligent manufacturing system. Subsequently, it adopts design methods and lists product manufacturing costs, pointing out that Industry 4.0 requires industrial transformation, and finally proposes the strategic direction of smart manufacturing in combination with the Industry 4.0 network strategy. At the same time, in view of the problems of long parameter measurement time and untimely system feedback in the existing koji-making process, an online parameter measurement method based on network optimization is proposed. On the basis of the neural network, an industrial neural network with double hidden layers and self-feedback of the output layer is proposed. Through algorithm comparison experiments, the proposed parameter prediction model based on industrial neural network has better prediction results and higher accuracy. Finally, a comparison of cost, quality, delivery time, etc., before and after the implementation of Industry 4.0 intelligent manufacturing is carried out. An intelligent solution is proposed, the implementation goal is formulated, and the implementation is gradually implemented in stages, and finally an intelligent upgrade and transformation are realized. It is shown in many aspects that intelligent manufacturing provides a powerful means for enterprises to achieve agility, virtualization, lean, integration, and collaboration, and it can bring efficiency, reliability, and safety to the manufacturing process of enterprises.

Discussions on the Nature of the Scientific Management Approach in the Early Times of U.S. Industry

When the American Civil War ended in 1865, industrial organizations proliferated at an unpredictable rate. With the ascending number of industrial organizations, new problems emerged that the production process and management problems in the U.S. The discussion platforms were created and set up by owners, managers, and consultants of U.S. industry organizations to seek solutions to the joint problems. Management and production process problems had been discussed on these platforms. This study highlights the significance of science, art, and philosophical concepts related to the scientific management (S.M.) movement in the early period of U.S. industry organizations by focusing on these concepts’ similarities and dissociations. The articles, books, and proceedings of the S.M. movement pioneers have revealed the root causes of the different opinions about the S.M. movement. Science, art, and philosophical viewpoints of scientific management have discussed S.M.’s pioneers and its period conditions. Different viewpoints indeed created an excellent ground for the development of S.M. However, the early phases of S.M. were opponents to the S.M. movement, and those who criticized the S.M. did so for it being an uncompleted and interest group related movement. 

Method of statistical tests in solving problems of food production management

The article discusses some of the problems of forecasting and planning the production of agricultural products and harvesting of wild plants in conditions of uncertainty. Variants of their solution using the method of statistical tests are proposed. The factorial regression equations for modeling the yield of grain crops depending on precipitation in the initial growing season and time are given. Two dependencies are considered for different agrolandscape areas. In one case, the relationship between the yield of grain crops and precipitation and time was determined, and in the second, a dependence on precipitation was found. The direct and inverse problems are considered. The conditions for obtaining high and low yields were determined. A linear model for optimizing the placement of grain crops is proposed using the Monte Carlo method for assessing random indicators. The extreme problem is applied to a municipal district with developed agriculture. The results of modeling are presented, which make it possible to estimate the volume of production of grain crops for different levels of productivity, which correspond to the reference probabilities. A multi-criteria parametric model of the functioning of clusters for obtaining food wild-growing products with probabilistic estimates in constraints and a parameter included in the objective function is described and implemented. The yield of wild plants was used as a parameter, on which the sales price depends.

TECHNOLOGICAL REENGINEERING IN THE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF INNOVATIVE TRANSFORMATIONS

The article considers operations research methods and system analysis for solving dynamic production management problems related to increasing its flexibility. The most important elements characterizing the effectiveness of the management process are the state of the management object and the presence of certain production opportunities to change its state. The organization of effective production management in the process of innovative transformations leads to the need to consider the general scheme of managing the entire complex of works carried out during this period as a complex dynamic system, which at the stage of introducing innovations is not yet sufficiently adapted to production and technological transformations due to the wide variety of alternatives for implementing the functions of such a system. It is outlined that effective methods of system analysis have not yet been developed due to the complexity and diversity of the boundary conditions of the activities of various machine-building enterprises. However, the permanent nature of the innovative transformations of their production base allows drawing a conclusion about the perspective of the simultaneous application of the technological reengineering methodology for the management system. It is substantiated that the preliminary modeling when solving the tasks of managing the production process and performing specific works on technological rehabilitation should be built taking into account the provision of the necessary efficiency of the control system. This can ensure its technological rehabilitation. The mathematical model of the interrelationship of elements that are key to increasing the efficiency of the management system at the industrial enterprise that is conducting technological rehabilitation of its production base, and which are determined by a complex of functional management tasks, is proposed. Keywords: innovative transformations, process, management, organization, production base, parameters, project.

166 Air emissions from swine industrial livestock operations and sleep among residents in nearby residential communities

Abstract Introduction Waste from swine industrial livestock operations (ILOs) produces air pollutants that have been associated with negative health outcomes among nearby residents. Methods Using a repeated-measures design, we assessed the impact of odor emissions on sleep duration and awakenings, important components and determinants of health and quality-of-life. Study participants from 16 residential communities in eastern North Carolina hosting swine ILOs, from 2003 to 2005, completed twice-daily diaries in which they rated the strength of hog odors and indicated whether they were asleep or awake per hour for two weeks. Simultaneously, a monitoring trailer placed in a central location in each community measured the atmospheric concentration of hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Subject-conditional fixed-effects regression models were used to estimate associations between two markers of swine ILO pollutant exposures (H2S and swine odor) and two self-reported sleep outcomes (nightly sleep duration and awakening from sleep). Results Among 80 participants, nightly (across a 12-hour period) swine odor was associated with lower-nightly sleep duration (mean difference = -14.3 minutes, 95% confidence interval -25.0 to -3.3 minutes) compared to odor-free nights and detection of nightly hydrogen sulfide was associated with a 23% increased hazard of awakening (Hazard ratio = 1.23, 95% confidence interval 0.98 to 1.55) compared to nights with no detection of hydrogen sulfide. Conclusion These results suggest that emissions reductions and odor abatement are important public health goals in designing policy and technology solutions to the problems of livestock production and waste management. Support (if any) This work was funded, in part, by the Intramural Program at the NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Z1AES103325-01).

Peningkatan Pendapatan Pengrajin melalui Produksi Briket Ramah Lingkungan

The problems faced by coconut shell charcoal craftsmen are production capacity, product quality, and low selling prices. Low product quality is due to the absence of quality standards in the production process. This activity aims to improve the management quality and add value to charcoal products by turning them into briquettes to increase the selling price. Implementing activities is divided into two different problem areas that one partner handles: production problems and management problems (raw material management, production process management, packing, and warehousing management, shipping management, product quality assurance management, and marketing management). The output of this community service activity is that coconut shell charcoal has been produced with an increased quality than before in terms of the low water content of less than 7%. Likewise, the briquettes to those produced are of high quality. There is an increase in added value through processing shell charcoal into briquettes which have significantly increased revenue and profit.

Design and Implementation of MES for Discrete Manufacturing Workshop of an Aerospace Enterprise

MES belongs to the production execution system of manufacturing enterprises. When applied to the production process, MES can effectively promote the construction of enterprise information and improve the market competitiveness of enterprises. This paper takes the discrete manufacturing workshop of an aerospace company as the research object, aiming at the characteristics of its multi-variety, small batch, and discrete production, combining the current production management status of the workshop and the functional requirements of information business, guided by advanced concepts such as lean production Thought, proposed the MES system architecture design plan, built an aerospace enterprise discrete manufacturing workshop MES. The system mainly includes process management, material management, equipment management, plan management, special process management, quality management, data collection and other functions. The system opens up the production process data link, realizes process visualization, material life cycle management, and fine production equipment management, production planning process control, special process monitoring and tracking, process quality data analysis, and automatic collection of generated equipment data. And the system have formed a digital analysis platform suitable for aerospace discrete manufacturing workshops, solving the actual production management problems of aerospace enterprises’ discrete manufacturing workshops and improving It improves the information management level and production efficiency of the workshop, and provides ideas for the leap-forward improvement and development of the production and manufacturing capacity of the enterprise.

Robust control in green production management

<p style='text-indent:20px;'>This study proposes a robust control model for a production management problem related to dynamic pricing and green investment. Contaminants produced during the production process contribute to the accumulation of pollution stochastically. We derive optimal robust controls and identify conditions under which some concerns about model misspecification are discussed. We observe that optimal price and investment control decrease in the degree of robustness. We also examine the cost of robustness and the relevant importance of contributions in the overall value function. The theoretical results are applied to a calibrated model regarding production management. Finally, we compare robust choices with those in the benchmark stochastic model. Numerical simulations show that robust decision-making can indeed adjust investment decisions based on the level of uncertainty.</p>

Распределение производственных ресурсов в условиях многокритериальности и с учетом недетерминированности данных

Цель: разработка эффективных методов и моделей для решения определенного ряда проблем сетевого распределения ресурсов на предприятии с учетом условий многокритериальности и присутствия недетерминированности данных. Обсуждение: предлагается многокритериальная оптимизационная модель для решения задач производственного менеджмента, связанная с проблемой эффективного распределения ресурсов на предприятии. Представлена общая многокритериальная постановка задачи оптимизации распределения производственных ресурсов в теоретико-графовой интерпретации с учетом недетерминированности в виде интервальных данных. Обозначен ряд проблем, возникающих при решении задачи с недетерминированными данными, когда в случае интервальных данных нахождение оптимального решения связано с выбором наиболее целесообразного решения из множества несравнимых альтернатив. Результаты: разработана эффективная методика решения определенного класса проблем сетевого распределения производственных ресурсов с учетом недетерминированных данных. Результаты построенной модели позволят минимизировать затраты при распределении ресурсов и могут быть использованы при разработке автоматизированного средства контроля и управления производственными процессами предприятия.

ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ МАТЕРИАЛЬНОГО ПОТОКА В УСЛОВИЯХ ЦИФРОВОЙ ЭКОНОМИКИ: МЕСТО И РОЛЬ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ ЦИФРОВОГО ДВОЙНИКА

The article provides an overview of theoretical studies and modern trends in the development of the concept of “digital economy” and analyzes the technical and economic foundations of such changes, and also identifies the directions of further development of such studies. The difference between engineering and technical and economic approaches to the problem of production management is actualized. It is concluded that the problems of production and supply chains in the digital economy require an integrated, technical and economic approach. It is also concluded that the theory of material flow (logistics) should be based on the knowledge in the field of economic theory, with the active use of the concept of SCM 4.0. The characteristic of the modern stage is given - the rejection of traditional, hierarchical models of building organizations in favor of “streaming” ones. The urgency of digitalizing supply chain models is argued. At the same time, the important role of combining the knowledge of different specialists in the implementation of the function of organizing material flows is shown. The importance of Industry 4.0 in improving the rational use of resources, predictability, transparency and quality of the economy is shown. The features of the modern economy, technical and economic methods and technologies of SCM 4.0 are correlated. In conclusion, the article considers the concept of “digital twin” of supply chain processes, which correlates with the methods of simulation. Simulation and digital twin are here optimization procedures, optimal control, important and promising technical procedures of Industry 4.0. Basing on the study of Western and Russian science literature, the characteristics and properties of “digital twins”, their importance for the management of production and other processes in the supply chain, and directions for further research of this phenomenon are highlighted.