Production Of Agricultural Enterprises Research Articles

Driving factors for developing integrated farming: Multi-criteria decision-making analysis

Integrated farming (IF) by temporal and spatial mixing of crops, livestock, fishery, and allied activities in a single farm, is considered a critical multifunctional option for smallholder farmers, who form the backbone of Indian agriculture, to ensure sustainable livelihoods, the productivity of agricultural enterprises, stability of farm income, food and nutritional security. However, the adoption of IF still remains low. To explore the critical factors of IF systems and prioritize them for stakeholders’ decision-making and development of strategies, the current research was undertaken to integrate SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) - AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) analysis. We used a multi-stage sampling to select 60 practicing IF adopters in West Bengal state of eastern India for the collection of pair-wise comparison data on 32 SWOT factors using a close-ended questionnaire and subjected to AHP analysis to understand the quantitative importance of each factor of SWOT. Results of the multi- criteria analysis showed the total priority weight of the opportunity component (0.450) was the highest, followed by strength (0.341), weakness (0.114), and threat components (0.095). Based on the global priority weight of all 32 SWOT factors, sustainable livelihood security” was the key driving factor (0.081) followed by promotion of organic farming (0.072), better risk management (0.063) and incorporation of high-value crops (0.063) of opportunity component. Increased farm production and productivity (0.058) and enhancement in income (0.055) of strength component also played as vital driving factors. There was no factor of weakness and threat components within the first 10 important factors. The insights of this study may help improve extension services to smallholder farmers for prioritizing strategies in the adoption process of IF. Additionally, it can also help policymakers to design targeted policies, remove barriers, foster innovation, and promote sustainable practices, contributing to food security and environmental sustainability.

Economic efficiency of feed use in milk production in agricultural enterprises of Ukraine

The article conducted comprehensive studies of the economic efficiency of using feed in milk production in Ukrainian agricultural enterprises. The principal value and natural indicators that characterize the productivity of feed use in dairy cattle breeding are defined. Based on the benchmarking technique, an assessment of the relative technological efficiency of the use of feed by the regions of Ukraine was carried out, and potential reserves of their reduction relative to the reference value of the indicator of feed consumption per 1 t of milk was established. The main measures to increase the economic efficiency of using feed in milk production in Ukraine's agricultural enterprises are proposed. According to the results of the study, it was established that the payment of feed in enterprises that produce milk in Ukraine for 2010-2023 increased from 2.5 to 17 UAH per 1 feed unit, which is due to the devaluation of the national currency during the studied period and partly due to the increase in technological efficiency use of fodder. In terms of US dollars, the feed payment for milk production during the same period increased from 0.31 to 0.51 dollars per 1 feed unit. As of the end of 2023, Ukrainian enterprises spent an average of 0.41 dollars of the cost of all types of feed to obtain 1 dollar of the cost of raw milk sold. Accordingly, for 1 dollar of the cost of fodder, enterprises produce and sell raw milk worth 2.41 dollars. It is essential to diversify milk sales channels with a partial focus on direct sales directly to the final consumer, taking into account the almost three-fold ratio between the level of retail and wholesale prices of milk sales. To increase the economic efficiency of the use of fodder in the dairy cattle industry of Ukraine, it is also necessary to implement a system of organizational and technological measures to improve the conditions of keeping, animal care, veterinary support, optimization of feeding rations, fodder storage conditions, implementation of cow productivity monitoring using specialized software.

Reproduction of Fixed Assets in the Part of Their Formation as an Object of Management of Enterprises of the Complex Agrarian Economy of Ukraine

The article focuses on developing proposals to justify management decisions concerning the formation of fixed assets of agricultural enterprises. This is considered a crucial component of management of the reproduction of fixed capital, given the complexity of the agrarian economy of Ukraine. The article outlines the spectrum of negative consequences at the micro and macro levels resulting from the disturbance of the proportions of reproduction of fixed capital in agriculture. It emphasizes the significance of enhancing management approaches and tools throughout all stages of the reproduction process.The reproduction of fixed assets is characterized, which determines its specificity as an object of management. The main objects of reproduction management in terms of financial, investment, operational, and marketing management are outlined.The task of operational management of the reproduction of the basic assets of agricultural enterprises, including the formation of an effective system of fund provision of agricultural production, has been determined. The management of material and technical support in the context of its adaptation to institutional, macroeconomic, industry, and market factors is considered. The study considers the factors of the complexity of the agrarian economy, the peculiarities of agricultural production, the market of industry technical means, and the market of agricultural services.The need to apply alternative options for the material and technical support of production in agricultural enterprises has been proven: the purchase of own machines and equipment or the use of agro-technological services from third-party organizations. The task of management is to justify the expediency of one of the alternative options or their combination, taking into account the size of the company’s land.An algorithm for determining the appropriate format of technical and technological support for production in agricultural enterprises is proposed. By applying the algorithm, calculations have been made for farms that specialize in the cultivation of grain crops. Proposals have been developed for agricultural producers regarding the optimal option for the formation of material and technical support for agricultural production depending on the area of their lands.

Formation of costs and costs of agricultural products in the conditions of digitalization of the economy

The article highlights the mechanism of formation of costs and cost of production in agricultural enterprises, which is one of the main issues in the implementation of economic activities in the conditions of digitalization. Cost as an economic category is the sum of all costs of the enterprise for the production and sale of products. Factors affecting the amount of costs and production costs are given. The influence of the application of digital technologies on the prospects of production of products by the branches of the agricultural enterprise, directions of use of individual elements of technologies, consumers of innovative solutions and proposals is analyzed. Examples of the participation of digitized and robotic equipment in the implementation of work in plant and animal husbandry are given. The advantages of using innovative technologies are considered. Identification of cost-forming factors that affect the volume and dynamics of enterprise costs: access to innovative technologies was carried out. Technological ones include: the use of advanced technologies can increase efficiency and reduce costs. However, access to such technologies may require investment. Among the organizational ones, the most significant is the degree of vertical integration: Own control over suppliers and sales markets can affect the costs and efficiency of the supply chain. Since agricultural production has a huge volume of operations that must be taken into account and recorded, there is a need for additional costs for the purchase of equipment, the organization of high-quality Internet communication not only in stationary premises (farms, warehouses, etc.), but also in the fields (sometimes for dozens kilometers from the servers). Funds are also needed for the training of specialists and employees, maintenance of technologies and equipment, salary increases, etc.

Directions for improving of agricultural land use in Ukraine in conditions of global warming and consequences of the Russian’s military aggression

The article is devoted to the problematic aspects of agricultural land use in Ukraine. Analyzed influence on the use of agricultural land such factors as systems of farming, global warming, uneven precipitation distribution by months, deficit of humus in the soil and consequences of the impact on the soil of Russia’s military aggression. Considered such systems of farming as traditional, organic, No-Till and made conclusion about a harmfulness of traditional farming system on ecology. The main directions of organizational restructuring in crop production in the post-war period are studied. The following main directions have been identified: increasing the level of specialization of production in accordance with farm conditions by choosing crops that are best suited to the climate, soils and assets of the enterprise, as well as increasing the productivity of the use of these assets through the introduction of modern innovative technologies for the production of agricultural products, in particular, soil cultivation technologies. It was concluded that economic and ecological expediency will be the main factors that will determine the directions of organizational restructuring in the plant production of agricultural enterprises of Ukraine in the post-war period and will ensure the recovery and development of the domestic agricultural industry.

Analysis of the state and prospects of milk production and dairy products in Ukraine in the post-war period

The indicators of recent years demonstrate stability and high results in milk production at agricultural enterprises. The relevance is confirmed by the fact that milk production and its optimization are key aspects of the economic development of the agricultural sector of Ukraine in the post-war period, because dairy farming is a system-forming branch of agriculture that opens up new opportunities for the formation of promising business development vectors. The purpose of the article is to analyse the problems and prospects of economic aspects of the efficiency of resource use and optimization of milk production in agricultural enterprises of Ukraine in the post-war period. The research used the following methods: induction and deduction, synthesis, theoretical generalization, statistical analysis, comparative analysis, modelling. The links of inconsistency between resources, production of dairy products and the capabilities of enterprises, state policy, the level, and norms of consumption of milk and dairy products by the population in the post-war period are studied. Accordingly, the dynamics of production, export, sales, stages of production, peculiarities of cooperation and import of basic dairy products were considered. A direct connection between the production and consumption of milk, the dependence of the demand and consumption of milk and dairy products on the level of total income of households has been established. Based on this, the work presents a full description of the dairy industry in Ukraine, the volume of milk production in the pre-war period and prospects for development in the post-war period. A systematic study of the market properties of various types of dairy products of Ukraine using SWOT and PEST analysis is given in general. In order to improve the state of the market of milk and dairy products of Ukraine, appropriate proposals have been formulated. The practical value of the work lies in the fact that its results can be used as a basis for the development of technologies for the use of milk production resources in the post-war period, as well as in the work of specialists in the agro-industrial and economic sectors

EUROPEAN DIMENSION OF CROP PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT AT AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES

The purpose of the study is to develop methodological approaches to analytical support for the management of the production of plant products in the enterprises of the agro-industrial complex. Methodology. Research is based on scientific methods, among which it is advisable to highlight: analysis and synthesis, comparison, idealisation and abstraction, as well as systematisation and generalisation, economic and mathematical methods. Results. Directions for improving the management of crop production in terms of its analytical support are proposed, taking into account the realities of today: the choice of the European vector of development, the state of war, agribusiness in Ukraine is the driving force that ensures the efficiency of the domestic economy. Ukraine is called the breadbasket of Europe, with about 25% of the world's highly fertile chernozem soils concentrated here. Agriculture as an industry has a number of peculiarities that largely determine the results of enterprises, among them: the means of production here are living organisms – plants and animals that develop according to biological laws. Therefore, in agriculture, the operation of economic laws is closely intertwined with the operation of natural laws; the main means of production is land, which is directly related to the labour process and the production of products. Practical implications. The most optimal path for the development of agriculture in Ukraine is the European one, which will lead to the socio-economic success of the entire population and the economy as a whole. Having received the status of a candidate country for accession to the European Union, we are already taking the first steps in this direction. Military actions bring their own corrections, but clear actions of the government and effective management at the level of enterprises will help Ukraine to maintain its position in the world market of crop production. Value/originality. Directions for improving the management of the production of plant products in the part of its analytical support are proposed, taking into account the realities of today: the choice of the European vector of development, the state of war. The article substantiates the need to improve the management of the production of plant products of agricultural enterprises in terms of its analytical support, caused by the conditions of martial law, as well as the European vector of development.

Performance management assessment in agriculture organisations (using factorial parameters case of Albania)

The relevance of the study is determined by the need to identify solutions to increase the productivity of agricultural and food enterprises in Albania and to improve their production. The purpose of the study is to analyse the production of agricultural and food products, the level of remuneration of agricultural workers, the impact of state financial assistance on production volumes, and to provide proposals for increasing productivity in the agricultural sector. The methodological approach is based on: statistical analysis, the analogy method, graphical method, method of logical generalisation. The key findings are the substantiation of the expediency of mechanisation in the production of agricultural products, and an increase in the budgetary financial support and the wages of employees to boost the productivity of agricultural enterprises, reducing the dependence on imported goods and increasing the export of Albanian agricultural products to the world markets. The authors confirmed that to enhance the productivity of agricultural and food enterprises, it is necessary to focus on raising the wages of workers, mechanising production, and expanding the area of irrigated land. This will raise the competitiveness of Albania's agricultural and food products to a new level and increase its exports to the world markets. The findings of the study and the conclusions formulated on their basis are of practical importance for the managers of agricultural and food enterprises in Albania when developing measures to increase the productivity of workers, as well as for the government of the country when approving the areas of financial support for economic activities

Efficiency of organic technologies of winter rye cultivation in Ukraine's Polissya in the context of climate change adaptation

In the conditions of the Polissya region of Ukraine, the cultivation of winter rye in organic farming is promising, but it is constrained by low crop yields. Therefore, the urgent task is to find ways to improve the efficiency of the fertilisation system of this traditional Polissya crop. The purpose of the study was to analyse the feasibility of using liquid complex fertilisers against the background of three fertilisation systems for organic and convection cultivation of winter rye in the conditions of Ukrainian Polissya. Field, laboratory and analytical, mathematical and statistical research methods were used. The results of a stationary experiment on light grey forest soil were analysed. It was found that the highest yield of winter rye was when grown using convection technology with a mineral fertilisation system – 4.2 t/ha, which provided an increase in grain yield of 1.07 t/ha or 34.4% compared to the control option. The use of organic technology based on organic and organo-mineral fertilisation systems provided a significantly smaller increase – 0.6 and 0.75 t/ha or 19.3 and 24.0%, respectively. However, the level of profitability for the mineral system decreased by 0.54 thousand UAH/tonne or 39.1%, net operating profit – by 1.6 thousand UAH/tonne or 26.0% compared to the organic fertilisation system. The latter was also better from the standpoint of energy efficiency. It is proved that double foliar top dressing with liquid organo-mineral fertilisers significantly increases the efficiency of the fertilisation system. In the conditions of the experiment, this was expressed in an additional increase in productivity by 0.47-1.16 t/ha, a reduction in the cost of production by 0.14-0.36 thousand UAH/ha, an increase in profitability by 19.3-48.3%, energy efficiency – by 0.14-0.71, and the plasticity of the crop to dry conditions during the growing season. The findings can become the basis for improving the fertilisation system for organic cultivation of winter rye, which would ensure the formation of sustainable yields by minimising the impact of stress factors (dry periods during the growing season) and increase the economic efficiency of grain production in agricultural enterprises of various forms of ownership

IMPROVING THE SYSTEM OF ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES ON THE BASIS OF CONTROLLING

The article is devoted to solving the problem of improving the efficiency of the adaptive management system of an agricultural enterprise on the basis of controlling. The necessity of introducing a management system aimed at ensuring a phased management of enterprise processes, taking into account the specifics of functioning with a high level of efficiency, flexibility and efficiency, has been substantiated. A retrospective analysis of the formation and development of the control system in industrialized countries has bee carried out. The results of the analysis made it possible to highlight the main concepts of controlling in accordance with their orientation. The peculiarities of the organization of the controlling system at agricultural enterprises of Ukraine in the conditions of seasonal market fluctuations have beenare determined. Growing crops, unlike the production of products in other industries, has such a feature as seasonality. The seasonal nature of production of agricultural enterprises determines the parameters of the activities of industries that produce and maintain agricultural products, harvest, preserve, process and sell agricultural products. Seasonal fluctuations have a direct impact on the intensity of the use of financial, material and technical, labor, energy and other types of resources of agricultural enterprises in certain periods of time during the calendar year. Thus, they impede the effective planning of the financial and economic activities of agricultural enterprises. This requires the improvement of the management system of an agricultural enterprise based on controlling to balance financial flows between all links of the agroindustrial complex. A mathematical model describing time parameters has been presented. Within the framework of the presented model, controlling actions aimed at ensuring the basic conditions for the functioning of an agricultural enterprise and preventing the phenomenon of shortage of funds during the “low” market period have been proposed. The basis for the construction of the model is the structure and objective proportions that determine the ratio between monetary funds and flows of funds of the enterprise of certain periods of its production and sales activities in the short term. The model allows timely detection of problems and making appropriate corrections in management decisions in order to minimize the destabilizing influence of environmental factors and eliminate unwanted deviations. Controlling actions are formed in the form of reports for the purpose of further use in the process of implementing the developed business processes.

ECONOMIC VALUE AND ECONOMIC ATTRACTIVENESS OF OATS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF A NICHE PRODUCTION

The article reveals the economic value and economic attractiveness of oat production as one of the main niche grain crops. Considering the important role of oats, its advantages compared to other niche crops were outlined. It is substantiated that the economic attractiveness of its production is largely determined by its multifunctionality. The dynamics of oat production in Ukraine by category of farms was studied. The rating of oat production by regions of Ukraine was carried out, and the volume of its receipt at processing enterprises was considered. The dynamics of indicators of the economic efficiency of oat production in agricultural enterprises are analyzed and the prospects for the development of the production of niche grain crops are outlined. The authors prove that the use of niche crops in crop rotation allows to reduce the dominance of sunflower and rapeseed, the excessive cultivation of which greatly depletes the soil, and to diversify the existing grain-oil specialization of Ukrainian agriculture. The authors also reveal other advantages of growing niche crops (high profitability, diversification of production) and disadvantages (high cost of seed material and cultivation technologies, instability of demand for most niche crops, significant price fluctuations, uncertain amount of expected profit). It was established that an important feature of growing niche crops is the high resource intensity of their production. On the basis of the conducted research, we came to the conclusion that: oats are a high-value agricultural crop; oat grain production is potentially economically attractive; cultivation of niche grain crops is one of the most promising areas of development of small and medium-sized commodity producers, based on the fact that small farmers cannot compete with agricultural holdings in the production of traditional agricultural crops, so they should master the production of niche products; cultivation of niche crops will enable small enterprises to enter international markets and offer unique products.

Optimization of Resource Use and Product Production in Agricultural Enterprises

Optimization of Resource Use and Product Production in Agricultural Enterprises

Automation of the Agricultural Sector of the Republic of Uzbekistan

In the agricultural sector of the Republic of Uzbekistan, a tendency to automate production and business processes can be seen. Agriculture automation helps to significantly reduce the amount of manual labour, while increasing work efficiency. It is possible to single out the following practical advantages of introducing automation in the agricultural sector: it becomes possible to manage production, technological and business operations in an optimized and effortless manner; the competitiveness of the goods is growing through improving the quality and reducing the cost; the productivity of agricultural enterprises increases; cost minimization leads to a drop in the cost price of manufacture of products, and a manufacturing organization can offer the products at a price, which is affordable for the buyer and at the same time profitable for the manufacturing organization. The use of modern technologies for the ‘intellectualization’ of agriculture makes it possible to preserve and restore the beneficial properties of groundwater and soil; to provide environmentally safe and effective pest control; to remotely monitor compliance with the certification requirements of organic agriculture. It is necessary to automate not only production, but also business processes in the agricultural sector. The main goal is to increase the productivity of enterprises, minimize the number of errors associated with the ‘human factor,’ and reduce the amount of ‘manual labour’. The article substantiates a systematic approach to the formation of the information space of an agricultural enterprise, taking into account the needs of all participants in process management, the choice of a software and hardware platform and methods for automating the software development process.

Economic and Social Consequences of the Concentration of Production in Agricultural Enterprises in Ukraine

Abstract Research background: Assessment of the positive and negative aspects of the concentration of agricultural production in Ukraine, including in the form of agricultural holdings, is very dynamic due to the dynamic macroeconomic conditions of doing business here. Purpose: The goal of the article is to present the results of research and an assessment of the consequences of the concentration of agricultural production in Ukraine through indicators of changes in the size and efficiency of agricultural enterprises. Research methodology: The research methodology is based on the general dialectic approach and includes the following methods: induction, monographic, graphical, grouping, analysis of dynamic series, and formalization of calculation algorithms. Results: Regularities of influence of the sizes of the agrarian enterprises on the efficiency of their functioning are revealed. The study showed that the concentration of production creates a number of strengths in agricultural production in the country as a whole which helps to solve certain social problems. However, the concentration of agricultural production does not increase the economic efficiency of enterprises. Novelty: The assessment of the consequences of large agricultural enterprises in Ukraine and the activities of agricultural holding companies has been differentiated. Previously made conclusions of other researchers on the consequences of the concentration in agricultural production has been clarified.

The main trends in the development of egg poultry farming in Ukraine

Poultry breeding in the egg sector belongs to the strategically important areas of livestock production in Ukraine and many countries worldwide. In addition, it affects the country's food security by filling the market with valuable food products. Eggs are one of the leading export products of livestock production in Ukraine. However, during the studied period, there was a decline in the production and economic potential of poultry farming in the egg sector, negatively affecting export opportunities. The article presents the results of a study of the main trends in the development of egg production in Ukraine. An economic analysis of the dynamics of egg production in enterprises and households in the regions of Ukraine was carried out. The importance of the influence and the specific weight in forming the offer of eggs on the regional markets were determined. The leading indicators of the balance of eggs in Ukraine were studied. An analysis of the fund of egg consumption by regions of Ukraine was carried out. The promising central areas for developing poultry farming in the egg direction are substantiated, considering the difference between the volume of egg production and the consumption fund in Ukraine. The main negative factors of the decline in the volume of egg production in agricultural enterprises and households have been established. The structure of egg production by regions of Ukraine was determined. The development of small organizational forms of business in poultry farming, in particular, farms based on households and personal peasant farms to minimize risks, reduce logistics costs, develop the clean competition, and improve the balance between supply and demand in regional markets, is substantiated. According to the results of the study, it was established that the production of eggs in Ukraine for 2010–2021 decreased by 17%. The most significant decline occurred in 2021 - by 13% compared to the previous year, due to the increase in costs for feed, energy sources, and price disparity, which caused a decrease in production profitability and investment interest among many industrial producers. In 2022, the drop in egg production was exacerbated by active hostilities that covered the eastern, most of the southern and northern regions of Ukraine, which led to the loss of production capacity, the blockade of logistics flows, and the reduction of the productive poultry population in many local enterprises. The determined set of factors caused a sharp increase in egg prices in the 3rd and 4th quarters of 2022, which will affect the further decrease of the consumption fund.

Efficiency of application of the concept of intensification of commercial efforts (sales concept of marketing) at the enterprise

The article examines the structure of the company's product sales channels, defines the main economic indicators of the company's activity by types of products, which are sold through various product sales channels. The assessment of the conceptual nature of the enterprise's marketing activity was carried out in order to improve the concept of intensification of commercial efforts or the sales concept of marketing, and the results of a strategic assessment of the direction of the enterprise's development were summarized. The results of the study showed the problems faced by producers in the field of selling agricultural products. Decisions made in the field of product promotion consist of choosing a sales system, sales form and distribution channels. Enterprises form their sales concept of marketing based on various approaches, which is confirmed by the studied detailed structure of the company's product sales channels. It was determined that the basis of the enterprise's production and sales concept should be a marketing program, which is built on certain directions and positions that allow enterprises to function successfully on the market. The end result of the outlined direction of development of the enterprise's marketing, which the subjects of market relations follow in today's market conditions, is the chosen concept of management, in particular, the concept of intensification of commercial efforts. The solution of the scientific problem takes place in the study and generalization of the theoretical and practical tasks of the formation of economic measures regarding the economic justification and effectiveness of the creation of organizational and economic measures aimed at improving the sales concept of marketing. The purpose of the article is to clarify the theoretical issues of economic substantiation and the effectiveness of creating organizational and economic measures from the plan of improving the sale of products of agricultural enterprises. When writing the scientific article, the following tasks were set: to evaluate the current state of the production and marketing activities of agricultural enterprises; to develop specific proposals aimed at the effectiveness of creating organizational measures with the provision of improvement of the intensification concept of commercial efforts. Keywords: marketing, sales, sales channels, sales concept of marketing, concept of intensification of commercial efforts, sales channels, enterprise development strategy.

ORGANIZATIONAL AND ECONOMIC MECHANISM FOR THE FORMATION OF THE INNOVATIVE STRATEGY OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES

The article substantiates the components of the organizational and economic mechanism of forming an innovative strategy of agrarian enterprises and the development of its architecture. The basis of the formation of the specified mechanism is the emergence of signs of the emergence of interactions of industrial and commercial components of management of innovative development through the identification of separate management and production strategies to ensure the appropriate level of effectiveness for the growth of economic efficiency. The latter should be formed in the context of the possibility of solving the problems of extended reproduction and increasing the competitiveness of agricultural enterprises through the introduction of innovations in general. The economic toolkit in this mechanism will perform a stimulating function, ensure the realization of interests between all market participants and the flow of auxiliary processes, as well as regulate the responsibility of business entities through economic relations. They are the basis that should determine the procedures for the formation and implementation of innovative strategies, as well as determine the level of achieved financial results of the production and commercial activities of enterprises. The criteria and groups of indicators for the identification and analysis of the strategic zone of innovative activity of the enterprise are singled out, in particular: provision of production resources; availability and supply of material and technical resources; efficiency of production activity; competitiveness of products, their position on the market. It is emphasized that due to the complexity of the formation and functioning of strategic zones of innovative activity, a number of problematic issues arise before agrarian commodity producers. Among them, the discrepancy between production capacities and their innovative potential should be singled out. That is, it is impossible to quickly change one's own production capabilities in accordance with the competitive situation on the market. This applies not only to the material and technical support of the production process, but also to the innovative direction of enterprises in general, including the possibility of creating improved products. Therefore, in the study, special attention is paid to the strategy of diversification of production in agricultural enterprises, as the main tool for mobilizing the innovative investment and economic potential of the economic entity.

Оцінка фінансового забезпечення функціонування та розвитку сільськогосподарських підприємств

Abstract. Introduction. The main results of the study of the problem of financial support of agricultural enterprises are outlined. The importance of financial support of agricultural enterprises as one of the important levers of ensuring effective financial and economic activity is substantiated. A thorough analysis of the dynamics of financial support for the functioning of agricultural enterprises of the Vinnytsia region was conducted, the results of which are structured according to the following aggregated components: assessment of the economic efficiency of enterprises and the use of their resource potential; analysis of funding sources; monitoring and diagnosis of liquidity and solvency; analysis and determination of the level and type of financial stability of enterprises; assessment of the level of business activity of enterprises; definition and retrospective analysis of the integrated indicator of financial support. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to conduct a thorough analysis of the financial support for the functioning of agricultural enterprises of the Vinnytsia region based on the results of monitoring indicators of the economic efficiency of enterprises and the use of their resource potential; analysis of funding sources; diagnostics of liquidity, solvency, financial stability and the level of their business activity. Results. The results of the analysis of the general indicators of the efficiency of production activity and the level of financial support of agricultural enterprises were formalized using the calculation and comparison of the ratios of the rates of change in their profit, revenue from sales and change in capital. It was established that, despite the steady trend of profit, the productivity of agricultural enterprises of Vinnytsia region does not meet the "golden rule of ratio" and requires the development and implementation of mechanisms to increase the efficiency of the use of their financial resources. Conclusions. The main problematic aspects of the financial support of agricultural enterprises of the Vinnytsia region are identified and the possible directions for their elimination in modern business conditions are outlined.

GENERALIZATION OF MACROECONOMIC PRECONDITIONS FOR THE FORMATION OF FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC RESULTS OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES IN THE REGION

The study focuses on the relevance of the study of macroeconomic prerequisites for the formation of financial and economic results of the management of agricultural enterprises in the region (on the example of Lviv region). The purpose of the article is the analysis and generalization of macroeconomic prerequisites for the formation of financial and economic results of agricultural enterprises of the Lviv region. The results of the analysis of the volumes of production and sale of products of agricultural enterprises of the Lviv region in 2011-2020 are presented. The structure of the production cost of products (works, services) of crop production and livestock products of agricultural enterprises of the Lviv region in 2017 and in 2020 is detailed. The volumes and dynamics of the sown areas of the main agricultural crops of the agricultural enterprises of the Lviv region in 2010, 2014-2020 were characterized. The yield indicators of the main agricultural crops of the agricultural enterprises of the Lviv region in 2010, 2014-2020 were studied. The characteristics of income, profit, financial results and profitability of agricultural enterprises of the region are provided. Conclusions have been made regarding positive aspects, as well as macroeconomic obstacles to the formation of financial and economic results of enterprises of this industry, which are implemented at the regional level. The factors that destabilize the financial and economic results of agricultural enterprises in the region include: a decrease in the sales of rye, potatoes, vegetable crops and eggs, a reduction in the sown areas of potatoes and fodder crops, the instability of the yield level and full harvest on the sown areas of certain agricultural crops, the loss of a number of enterprises, the low level of profitability and the presence of a tendency to its further decrease for open ground vegetable crops, factory sugar beet and potatoes. The applied value of the research results lies in the formation of an informational and analytical basis for the development of management decisions in terms of improving macroeconomic prerequisites for increasing the financial and economic results and performance indicators of agricultural enterprises in the region. The scientific novelty of the study consists in the improvement of the methodology of analyzing macroeconomic prerequisites for the formation of financial and economic results of agricultural enterprises in the region.

Research on the Policy Effect and Mechanism of Carbon Emission Trading on the Total Factor Productivity of Agricultural Enterprises.

Given the rural revitalization strategy in the new era, agricultural development is faced with the dual constraints of resources and the environment. Promoting the green development of agriculture is one of the important missions to solve major social issues in the new era. The implementation goal of the carbon emission trading system is to achieve a win-win situation between carbon emission reduction and green development. To evaluate the effectiveness of the carbon emission trading system on agricultural enterprises, this paper uses a double-difference model to analyze the policy effect and mechanism research path of the impact of the carbon emission trading system on the total factor productivity of agricultural enterprises. The results based on the panel data of listed agricultural companies from 2010 to 2020 show that (1) carbon emission trading rights have significantly improved the total factor productivity of agricultural enterprises; (2) green innovation in carbon emission trading rights have an impact on the total factor productivity of agricultural enterprises; and (3) heterogeneity analysis shows that the effect of carbon emission trading rights on the total factor productivity of agricultural enterprises mainly exists in large-scale, nonstate-owned, high-debt enterprises, enterprises in the eastern region, and enterprises with government subsidies. Therefore, in the future, China should continue to implement the current carbon emission trading rights system in air pollution control, and at the same time, it needs to be supplemented by government intervention and other means for long-term governance. In conclusion, the study provides a reference value for promoting the realization of the long-term goal of “low carbon” and “high quality” green development of agricultural economy and for making reasonable and effective behavioral decisions for the survival and development of enterprises.