Production Animal Medicine Research Articles

Implementing a future national center concept in veterinary education for the dairy industry

JAVMA, Vol 232, No. 9, May 1, 2008 M than a quarter of a century ago, concerns were raised about the nation’s capacity to address animal health issues in the 21st century. Later, a Pew report provided suggestions for new directions for veterinary medicine, including veterinary practice in the 21st century. That report contained numerous farreaching suggestions and admonishments. At least two that are germane to this commentary are, first, that the profession needs to focus resources on the development of species specialists, abandoning the idea of equality of competency in all domestic species, and second, with respect to food supply veterinarians, the profession needs to broaden the educational foundation to include focus on the animal population and associated management as it relates to health. The author of that report identified the need to provide the educational capacity to enable practicing veterinarians to contend with livestock enterprises of various sizes. Following the Pew report, the Pew Foundation, through the Pew National Veterinary Education Program, funded a competitive proposal process, from which several food supply educational consortia that have been considered effective developed. One of these was the Food Animal Production Medicine Consortium (FAPMC). The FAPMC, composed of six cooperating universities, focused on species-specific food animal programs, including beef cattle, dairy cattle, and swine programs. The FAPMC offered various educational and research programs, including student exchanges. The organization lasted about 11 years until 2000; however, student exchanges continued between some of original participating universities. The dissolution of the FAPMC has been attributed to changes in leadership, loss of adequate funding, and failure to market its services effectively. Because of the nature of academic consortia, they are considered to be high risk in terms of longevity. With regard to the FAPMC, the dissolution was probably hastened by legitimate changing self interests of some of the member institutions and, following termination of the Pew funding, the inability of the consortium to develop adequate long-range funding strategies to sustain core programs. Baus points out that the primary motivator for interinstitutional cooperation is enlightened self-interest. Also, it is essential Implementing a future national center concept in veterinary education for the dairy industry

Clinical: Self Assessment

LivestockVolume 13, Issue 1 p. 37-41 Clinical: Self Assessment James Breen BVSc PhD CertCHP MRCVS, James Breen BVSc PhD CertCHP MRCVS RCVS RESIDENT IN FARM ANIMAL PRODUCTION MEDICINE ORCHARD VETERINARY GROUP, WIRRALL PARK ROAD, GLASTONBURY, SOMERSET. BA6 9XE QUALITY MILK MANAGEMENT SERVICES LTD., UNIT 1, LODGE HILL INDUSTRIAL PARK, STATION ROAD, WESTBURY-SUB-MENDIP, NR WELLS, SOMERSET. BA5 1EYSearch for more papers by this author James Breen BVSc PhD CertCHP MRCVS, James Breen BVSc PhD CertCHP MRCVS RCVS RESIDENT IN FARM ANIMAL PRODUCTION MEDICINE ORCHARD VETERINARY GROUP, WIRRALL PARK ROAD, GLASTONBURY, SOMERSET. BA6 9XE QUALITY MILK MANAGEMENT SERVICES LTD., UNIT 1, LODGE HILL INDUSTRIAL PARK, STATION ROAD, WESTBURY-SUB-MENDIP, NR WELLS, SOMERSET. BA5 1EYSearch for more papers by this author First published: 30 September 2010 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-3870.2008.tb00145.xAboutPDF ToolsExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume13, Issue1January 2008Pages 37-41 RelatedInformation

Modern technology in supervision of parturition to prevent piglet mortality

Address: 1University of Helsinki, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine – Department of Production Animal Medicine, 04920 Saarentaus, Finland, 2University of Helsinki – Department of Agrotechnology, 00014 Helsinki, Finland, 3Helsinki University of Technology – Laboratory of Computational Engineering, 02150 Espoo, Finland, 4University of Helsinki, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine – Research Centre for Animal Welfare, Department of Production Animal Medicine, 00014 Helsinki, Finland and 5University of Helsinki, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine – Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, 00014 Helsinki, Finland

Modern techniques for monitoring high‐producing dairy cows 1. Principles of herd‐level diagnoses

THIS article, the first of two describing common practices used to monitor high‐producing dairy herds in North America, focuses on how to obtain herd‐level diagnoses using one‐time assessment of herd...

Veterinarians and dairy nutrition management: basic concepts and design-it-yourself—a veterinary-oriented ration evaluation program

Summary Veterinarians increasingly play a major contributory role in dairy practice and management. With increasing importance of economical pressures, bioenvironmental limits and increasing demand for higher quality products, veterinarians are more involved in nutrition management and advice, both from an economical view of productivity and preventive aspects of veterinary medicine. The concept of food animal production medicine is the hallmark of such a change from purely diagnosis and treating sick cows to design strategies for disease prevention and economical profitability. One of the essential parts of the new role is to have a good command of nutritional concepts and acquaintance with ration formulation procedures and also softwares. It appears that the available ration formulation softwares are insufficient in view of estimating necessary criteria for dairy practitioners. Moreover, the release of new edition of NRC and subsequent modification of software programs for ration formulation always lag behind the generation of new knowledge in dairy nutrition. This article describes the basic nutritional concepts, as well as a practical approach to design a ration evaluation program based on Microsoft ® Excel. The program can be designed in a

Whither Veterinary Education—Have We Lost Our Direction?

Introduction The changing demands on the profession 2.1 Production animal medicine 2.2 Small-animal practice 2.3 Other forms of practice and veterinary endeavor What characteristics are necessary in the veterinary graduate to meet these changing demands? To what extent are teaching establishments meeting the current challenges in achieving these goals? 4.1 The information overload 4.2 Teaching and examination methodology 4.3 To what extent are we concentrating on entry-level practice? 4.4 Do our student recruitment and teaching programs facilitate and encourage the diversity that is required of our graduate pool? 4.5 The funding of veterinary education 4.6 Toward international excellence and cost efficiency: Are these conflicting and unrealizable goals? 4.7 The research problem 4.8 The accreditation process: Friend or foe? Conclusions

Use of a Non-traditional University Ambulatory Practice to Teach Large Animal Medicine

While many other veterinary schools have moved away from a traditional university-based ambulatory practice, the Ohio State University's Large Animal Practice has continued to provide a cost-effective and valuable method of preparing students for today's careers in veterinary medicine. The practice provides a full array of services to production, equine, and camelid clients, including herd health, individual animal medicine and surgery, and emergency services. Acquiring established practices from alumni has formed the client base. Four full-time veterinarians operate the clinic. While these same clinicians do some classroom teaching, their primary responsibility is devoted to the five to six fourth-year veterinary students who rotate through the clinic every two weeks. Teaching methods and objectives for these students include case discussions, homework, truck quiz books, and practice management issues. Financially, the clinic runs as a private practice, with minimal support from the college (201,000 US dollars per fiscal year) and a gross income of 676,000 US dollars per year. Thus, in a cost-effective manner, this required core ambulatory rotation provides students with a scientific learning experience that exposes them to all aspects of large animal production medicine in a real-world setting.

In‐House Caseload and Education of Veterinary Students in Production Animal Medicine

In‐House Caseload and Education of Veterinary Students in Production Animal Medicine

In-House Caseload and Education of Veterinary Students in Production Animal Medicine

In-House Caseload and Education of Veterinary Students in Production Animal Medicine

Case report

In the last three years, veterinary practitioners from Iowa, Minnesota and Wisconsin, USA, have reported, with increased frequency, a peracute, segmental haemorrhagic enteritis in mature dairy cattle. Based on these reports, clinicians at Iowa State University have begun to suspect Jejunal Haemorrhage Syndrome (JHS) as a new emerging disease syndrome. The morbidity rate for this disease has been sporadic, and mortality approaches 85-100% due to the peracute nature and severity of this disease. There are frequently no prodromal signs and the mature cow is found dead, or an individual cow is found down and in systemic collapse. Clinical signs include sternal recumbency, diaphoresis, enophthalmia and signs of shock due to occlusion of the small intestine. Ballotment of the standing cow in the lower right abdominal area can elicit a pronounced fluid slosh, due to backup of ingesta and fluid behind the occlusive lesion. Signs of abdominal pain include bruxism, vocalization, treading and kicking at the abdomen. At necropsy, segmental lesions localized to the jejunum are observed. These areas consist of frank haemorrhage and immediate clotting, forming a functional occlusion of the small intestinal lumen. Necrosis of the lumen may or may not be apparent. In April 1999, the Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine Department at the Iowa State University College of Veterinary Medicine was asked by a northeastern Iowa veterinarian to investigate recurring sporadic peracute death losses. Examination of affected cattle, production records, rations and post-mortem results led investigators to conclude that a variant of Clostridium perfringens, specifically type A, should be considered further as a possible cause of this disease syndrome. Recommendations for investigation of a problem herd are discussed. Specific items of increased risk in this particular herd included an association between increased milk production and death loss, an increased incidence rate associated with higher soluble carbohydrate feeding rates, and disease following re-introduction of culture-positive alfalfa haylage. There appear to be gut motility aberrations, evidenced by intussusceptions in tandem with Jejunal Haemorrhage Syndrome lesions.

Mycotoxins. Contemporary issues of food animal health and productivity.

Modern agriculture and production animal medicine require attention to high-quality feeds that are free from mycotoxin contamination that can cause economically important decreases in productivity. Maintaining current information about effects of mycotoxins on feed intake and growth, reproductive efficiency, and possible immunosuppression aid in effective consultation with livestock producers. Investigation and determination of potential production losses related to mycotoxins should use historical, clinical, laboratory, and experimental information to objectively evaluate whether mycotoxin contamination is clinically relevant. The practicing veterinarian or veterinary consultant can provide valuable clinical and interpretive assistance to producers who may have a real or potential mycotoxin contamination. Thorough diagnostic evaluation of animals, appropriate testing of feeds and forages, and rational consideration of differential diagnoses help to put mycotoxins in the proper perspective as a production-related management problem.

Sore Feet, Sour Rumens, Clinical Quandaries

Clinical investigations of herds with a high prevalence of laminitis are complex. Laminitis has a multifactorial etiology. Visible signs of laminitis sometimes appear weeks or months after the inciting events. Once developed, some of the clinical signs of laminitis can remain with the cow throughout her lifetime.14
 Ruminal acidosis is considered to be one of the primary causes of laminitis. The use of rumenocentesis as a diagnostic test by veterinarians has served to increase awareness of ruminal acidosis and has given them an ability to rule rumen acidosis "in-or-out" as a risk factor in a laminitis investigation.
 For this program, I was asked to present the clinical picture of laminitis and ruminal acidosis based upon the many investigations by the Food Animal Production Medicine group at the University of Wisconsin. Because of the nature of the request, this paper will be a clinician's report including findings, observations, and opinions.

Use of the Food Animal Residue Avoidance Databank (FARAD)

Objectives To report the results of 3 surveys evaluating the extent that the Food Animal Residue Avoidance Databank (FARAD) is used by veterinarians, the profession's perception of the need for the program, barriers that prevent veterinarians from fully using the service, and the perceptions that animal production industry groups have regarding FARAD. Design Telephone and mail surveys were used to collect information using cross-sectional, case-control, and directed sample studies. Sample Population Food animal veterinarians and veterinarians and nonveterinarians in allied animal industries or with special interest in production animal medicine. Results The use of FARAD was high among dairy and general practitioners, but low among beef practitioners and veterinarians with minor commitment to food animal medicine. Solo practitioners and veterinarians with less than 13 years in practice were less likely to use FARAD. Dairy practitioners who had not used FARAD were most likely to prescribe extralabel products. Clinical Implications Results imply that dairy and general food animal practitioners have either greater need or access through educational networks and are more aware of FARAD than practitioners who work with beef and those with a minor component of their practice involving food animals. The difference in familiarity and use of FARAD between practice type is an important finding, but the root of the difference is not clear; it may be attributable to a difference in the effectiveness of knowledge transfer for the groups, or the message is ignored because the issue of drug residues is less compelling for veterinarians and their clients in the beef sector. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 1999;214:344–350)

Herd Health: Food Animal Production Medicine, 2nded.

Journal of Veterinary Internal MedicineVolume 9, Issue 1 p. 55-55 Open Access Herd Health: Food Animal Production Medicine, 2nded. First published: January 1995 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-1676.1995.tb03273.xAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume9, Issue1January 1995Pages 55-55 RelatedInformation