Modern Production Research Articles

A workpiece grasp detection method based on 3D object detection

Purpose The application of industrial robots in modern production is becoming increasingly widespread. In the context of flexible production lines, quickly and accurately identifying and grasping specified workpieces is particularly important. This study aims to propose a grasping scheme that combines traditional methods with deep learning to improve grasping accuracy and efficiency. Design/methodology/approach First, a dataset generation method is proposed, which constructs a point cloud dataset close to the real scene without the need for extensive data collection. Then, the 3D object detection algorithm PointPillars is improved based on the features of the scene point cloud, allowing for the analysis of part poses to achieve grasping. Finally, a grasp detection strategy is proposed to match the optimal grasp pose. Findings Experimental results show that the proposed method can quickly and easily construct high-quality datasets, significantly reducing the time required for preliminary preparation. Additionally, it can effectively grasp specified workpieces, significantly improving grasping accuracy and reducing computation time. Originality/value The main contribution of this paper is the integration of a novel dataset generation method, improvements to the PointPillars algorithm for 3D object detection and the development of an optimal grasp detection strategy. These advancements enable the grasping system to handle real-world scenarios efficiently and accurately, demonstrating significant improvements over traditional methods.

Bridging past and present: exploring Cannabis traditions in Armenia through ethnobotanical interviews and bibliographic prospecting

BackgroundCannabis sativa L. (Cannabaceae) has been widely used by humans throughout its history for a variety of purposes (medicinal, alimentary and other uses). Armenia, with its rich cultural history and diverse ecosystems, offers a unique context for ethnobotanical research about traditional uses of Cannabis. The present work aims to study and preserve the local traditional knowledge about Cannabis in Armenia by conducting interviews with informants and through a literature review.MethodsThe first part of the dataset was gathered with ethnobotanical surveys, through questionnaires conducted with 27 informants. The second part of the data was obtained from a comprehensive bibliographic search in English, Armenian and Russian language. Since the data acquisition was different, the quantitative analyses (calculation of the number of use reports and percentages) were performed separately.ResultsDuring the interviews 52 use reports and 3 vernacular names were recorded, while the bibliographic data from 20 references, provided us with 56 use reports and 17 Cannabis vernacular names, from the 5th century to 2020. Our results indicate that medicinal applications, particularly for human ailments, and fibre use have markedly dwindled, contrasting with earlier epochs. However, the Cannabis seeds continue to be consumed in celebrative and symbolic dishes such as aghandz and tolma.ConclusionsThe recent decline in the medicinal use of Cannabis contrasts with earlier periods when access to pharmacological remedies was limited, and societal views of the plant were more positive. This shift can be partly attributed to the impact of legal restrictions. In contrast, the use of Cannabis seeds for alimentary purposed is importantly maintained nowadays. As medicinal use, fibre use has also declined, largely due to the availability of more competitive modern products. The loss of vernacular names over time, as detected in this study, also reflects the erosion of traditional knowledge, which correlates with diminishing use. Despite the small sample size and limited geographic scope, the combination of two approaches—information from contemporary informants and a systematic bibliographic review—has provided valuable insights into the changes in the traditional use of Cannabis in Armenia, that has not been explored in this way before.

FORMATION OF THE PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE OF FUTURE FASHION INDUSTRY SPECIALISTS WITH EMPLOYERS' INVOLVEMENT IN THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS

The modern labour market in the fashion industry requires specialists with creative thinking, strong communication skills, initiative, and with the ability for continuous self-education, and quick adaptation to the demands of modern production environments. These specialists must possess high professional competence and practical skills for working in the real production sector. To form such specialists, it is increasingly relevant to consider the issues regarding the interaction between higher professional education systems and potential employers, as well as the exploration of innovative forms of integration and mutual interest between universities and businesses. This research aims to explore methods of forming the professional competence of future fashion industry specialists, considering employers' experiences and their involvement in the educational process. To determine the impact of educational activities conducted in production environments on forming professional competence in future fashion industry specialists, principles of the systemic approach were used. Theoretical methods such as synthesis, analysis, and generalisation were employed,alongside empirical methods including observation, interviews, questionnaires, testing, and surveys. The research is devoted to solving the issues of forming professional competence in future specialists in the fashion industry and developing students’ interest in the future profession by involving experienced industry specialists in the educational process and using the technical base of enterprises. The authors proposed innovative models for forming professional competencies inhigher education students studying Speciality 182: Light Industry Technologies by conducting variouseducational events in the industrial environment. The authors share their practical experience in conducting educational activities for students of Speciality 182: Light Industry Technologies at fashion industry enterprises and the methods of organising classes in the production environment of factories. They offer the following recommendations: each educational component's curriculum should establish a mandatory list of activities involving employers and specify the content of the classes. It is advisable to carry out classes at fashion industry enterprises, as a form of educational activity, purposefully and systematically. These activities should be at least 10-15% of the total study time, provided that partners characterising production processes will emphasise the professional growth prospects, and the profession's importance, additionally increasing students’ motivation. The use of active teaching methods in the educational process contributes to the formation and development of future fashion industry specialists' general and professional competencies and the development of independent thinking, creative activity, readiness for continuous education and self-education.

Reconfigurable Manufacturing Systems: Enhancing Efficiency via Product Family Optimization

In response to the increasing complexity of modern production environments driven by heightened competition, customer demands, and sustainability goals, this work presents a focused methodology for forming product families within reconfigurable manufacturing systems (RMSs). Unlike traditional approaches, our method emphasizes the practical implementation of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the Average Linkage Clustering (ALC) algorithm to optimize RMS configurations. By evaluating specific comparison criteria—such as assembly sequence, machining sequence, components, production tools, and production demand—we aim to enhance resource utilization and adaptability to market changes. The proposed methodology enables a systematic assessment of RMS performance tailored to diverse product requirements. A detailed example of machining systems demonstrates the use of machining sequence and tool usage as primary criteria, showcasing the practical application and decision-making capabilities of the approach. This work contributes to the field by providing a structured framework for decision-making in RMS, facilitating efficient and precise product family formation to meet evolving manufacturing demands.

Extra-institutional science: DIY biologists’ democratization of scientific practices and spaces

Abstract DIY biology, or Do-It-Yourself biology, refers to a movement where individuals and communities establish laboratories outside traditional academic and industrial settings—such as in garages, kitchens, or community spaces. DIY biologists experiment with gene-editing technologies like CRISPR, cultivate glow-in-the-dark plants, and engineering colorful fungi. This practice challenges established norms in research, advocating for decentralized and community-driven approaches to scientific inquiry and innovation. DIY biologists are often trained scientists who choose to conduct their research in community or home laboratories. The DIY biology movement highlights that science’s boundaries are flexible and sometimes ambiguous (Gieryn in Am Sociol Rev 48:781–795, 1983). By operating outside traditional research institutions, DIY biologists challenge established authority, hierarchies, funding structures, and proprietary regimes. They create a distinct identity beyond the increasingly neoliberalized institutional spheres of modern knowledge production, showcasing alternative ways to pursue science. I theorize DIY biology as ‘extra-institutional science’ due to its emergence outside conventional laboratories of industry and academia. This research draws on empirical data from interviews with DIY biologists and the 2021 DIY Biology Community Survey.

Surviving on the edge: the role of medieval and modern age charcoal production in the stand composition of colline beech woodlands in NE Hungary (EC Europe)

Abstract This study examines historical forest compositional changes in the Aggtelek Karst region, Hungary, focusing on the relationship between medieval and modern age charcoal burning sites (32 kilns) and the current vegetation. Our aim was to determine woodland composition during the intensive charcoal burning period using wood charcoal analysis and compare it with the present canopy composition to understand Fagus sylvatica (European beech) population dynamics at the margin of its range. Heat map visualization, cluster analysis and Procrustes analyses were used for comparison. The results show European beech as dominant taxon in charcoal spectra in some places, while Quercus, possibly Quercus petraea (sessile oak), and Carpinus betulus (European hornbeam) dominated in others. The findings suggest that beech had varying abundance in the potential beech habitats during the medieval and modern age coppice phases. We found multidirectional changes in canopy composition. Carpinus betulus and Q. petraea dominated the current stands in most cases with F. sylvatica being subordinate. These results suggest that historical forest use and management practices took place in already mixed canopy forests, where Fagus dominance was confined to a few stands only. We demonstrate that the forest stands plausibly represent different stages of secondary succession after last coppice management, leading to varying Carpinus abundance. We discuss the possible role of climate change (summer heat waves, increasing mean annual temperature) and conclude that F. sylvatica and Q. petraea compete with each other in the study region, confirming a transitional zone between the classical Fagus and Quercus climate.

Scaling Data Infrastructure for High-Volume Manufacturing: Challenges and Solutions in Big Data Engineering

Abstract—Scaling data infrastructure for high- volume manufacturing presents significant challenges owing to the rapid growth, diversity, and complexity of the data generated by modern production processes. This review explores the key challenges and solutions in big-data engineering to enable efficient, scalable, and reliable data management in manufacturing environments. The primary challenges include handling the volume, velocity, and variety of data; ensuring real-time processing and analysis; managing data storage and retrieval at scale; and maintaining data quality and consistency. To address these challenges, various big data engineering solutions have been discussed, including distributed computing frameworks, cloud-based storage and computing resources, data lakes, data governance and metadata management, stream processing technologies, machine learning, and AI for predictive analytics. This review also examines the role of data architecture and infrastructure in building scalable systems, highlighting the importance of microservices, containerization, orchestration, NoSQL databases, and data security and privacy. Performance optimization techniques, such as query optimization, data partitioning, sharding, caching, and data compression, have been explored to ensure efficient operation of large-scale data systems. The review includes case studies of successful implementations and discusses emerging trends, such as edge computing, and the growing importance of data interoperability and standardization. Future research directions were identified, emphasizing the need for ongoing development in this field to meet the ever- growing demand for high-volume manufacturing. Keywords—high-volume manufacturing, big data, data infrastructure, distributed computing frameworks, cloud computing, data lakes, microservices, containerization, orchestration, query optimization, data partitioning, sharding, caching, data compression

Crucial role of early addition of Wickerhamiella versatilis in enhancing aroma formation during soy sauce fermentation.

In modern Japanese soy sauce production, sealed outdoor fermentation tanks are used to ferment moromi with halotolerant starter cultures: the lactic acid bacterium Tetragenococcus halophilus and yeasts Wickerhamiella versatilis and Zygosaccharomyces rouxii. T.halophilus and W.versatilis are added in the early fermentation stage, while Z.rouxii is introduced about 1 month later to initiate alcoholic fermentation. Both W.versatilis and Z.rouxii contribute to the production of volatile organic compounds (VOC), with 4-ethylguaiacol (4-EG), uniquely produced by W.versatilis, being essential for the characteristic aroma of soy sauce. Prior metagenomic and metabolomic analyses indicated that 4-EG production occurs prior to Z.rouxii fermentation, though the increase in W.versatilis proportion follows it. Additional omics analysis of a production batch confirmed similar microbial and VOC dynamics, with no clear relationship between W.versatilis increase and 4-EG levels. To investigate this, a laboratory-scale experiment was conducted using filter-sterilized moromi supernatant as a medium, with staggered inoculations of the two yeasts. Viable cell density, 4-EG, and ethanol were measured as indicators of fermentation activity. Results showed that when W.versatilis was inoculated before Z.rouxii, 4-EG production commenced earlier, while W.versatilis cell density and ethanol production increased only after Z.rouxii fermentation began. Under these conditions, 4-EG and ethanol production were highest, suggesting that the presence rather than the increase of W.versatilis is crucial for 4-EG production. Consequently, the early addition of W.versatilis was considered an effective strategy to enhance 4-EG and VOC production in moromi.

On the research of multiplier effects in complex production systems

Digital transformation of institutional environment, orientation towards efficiency in the state planning, processes of new industrialisation and import substitution, variability of consumer behaviour, tightening competition in the new geopolitical realities shape the context of modern production systems’ functioning. This necessitates the modification of approaches to measuring their efficiency. The paper’s aim is to model multiplier effects in complex production systems. The concept of production systems’ efficiency constitutes the methodological basis of the research. The methods include systems, comparative, and regression analysis. The evidence is eco nomic and environmental indicators of Russia’s largest metals enterprises taken from the AK&M Rating Agency and the SPARK Database for 2019–2022. The multiplier effects in complex production systems represent an extensive array of effects from technological, social, environmental, digital, and economic activities which impact on businesses’ science and technology development. The obtained regression models of the relationship between environmental and economic efficiencies confirm the presence of the complementary effects. This underlies the original imitation model reflecting the interaction between direct and cross effects from technological, social, environmental, digital, and economic activities of an enterprise. The findings can be practical when formulating strategies for the complex production systems development.

Development of the structure of a cyberphysical control system for the process of tailored induction heating of a steel billet

The article is devoted to the development of the structure of a cyberphysical control system for the process of zone induction heating, widely used in modern industrial production during the heat treatment of metal products for various purposes. An analysis of the range of products manufactured using induction heat treatment and the advantages of using induction heating systems has shown a wide range of applications of this method of heat treatment in modern production and great opportunities for automation and optimization of processes associated with induction heating of products. This fact indicates the relevance of the development of various kinds of intelligent control systems in relation to the processes of industrial induction heating of metal blanks and semi-finished products. The article describes the induction method of zone heat treatment of metals, its advantages over flame heat treatment methods and the range of products manufactured using it. A description of the billet-inductor system is presented, for which the structure of a cyberphysical control system for the process of zone induction heating has been developed. The technological requirement for the final temperature distribution on the surface of the workpiece and the factors influencing the deviation of the temperature distribution from that required in the process of zone induction heating are considered. A list of possible disturbing influences is given, requirements for the technological process are formulated, control principles are described and, based on this, the structure of the zone induction heating process control system, which belongs to the class of cyberphysical process control systems, is developed.

Research on Assembly Robots Based on Flexible Control Technology

Industrial robots play a vital role in modern production automation, especially in improving production efficiency and reducing labor costs. However, traditional robot position control methods often have difficulty coping with complex assembly tasks, especially in changing environments. To solve this problem, flexible control technology has emerged, which can dynamically adjust the state of the robot according to the force applied by the external environment, thereby effectively avoiding rigid collisions and improving the accuracy and safety of the robot. This paper summarizes recent research on force-aware control in scenarios of shaft-hole assembly, including improvements to traditional force-position hybrid control and the introduction of intelligent control principles. This technique has significantly improved the efficiency and success rate of the alignment and loading phases. However, the high cost of force-aware control and data transmission limitations remain challenges. Future research should focus on improving system flexibility, expanding application scope and optimizing the underlying hardware to drive robotics towards intelligence and refinement

Based on the Geometric Characteristics of Binocular Imaging for Yarn Remaining Detection.

The automated detection of yarn margins is crucial for ensuring the continuity and quality of production in textile workshops. Traditional methods rely on workers visually inspecting the yarn margin to determine the timing of replacement; these methods fail to provide real-time data and cannot meet the precise scheduling requirements of modern production. The complex environmental conditions in textile workshops, combined with the cylindrical shape and repetitive textural features of yarn bobbins, limit the application of traditional visual solutions. Therefore, we propose a visual measurement method based on the geometric characteristics of binocular imaging: First, all contours in the image are extracted, and the distance sequence between the contours and the centroid is extracted. This sequence is then matched with a predefined template to identify the contour information of the yarn bobbin. Additionally, four equations for the tangent line from the camera optical center to the edge points of the yarn bobbin contour are established, and the angle bisectors of each pair of tangents are found. By solving the system of equations for these two angle bisectors, their intersection point is determined, giving the radius of the yarn bobbin. This method overcomes the limitations of monocular vision systems, which lack depth information and suffer from size measurement errors due to the insufficient repeat positioning accuracy when patrolling back and forth. Next, to address the self-occlusion issues and matching difficulties during binocular system measurements caused by the yarn bobbin surface's repetitive texture, an imaging model is established based on the yarn bobbin's cylindrical characteristics. This avoids pixel-by-pixel matching in binocular vision and enables the accurate measurement of the remaining yarn margin. The experimental data show that the measurement method exhibits high precision within the recommended working distance range, with an average error of only 0.68 mm.

Features and regulation of the use of distributed ledger technology

As a result of the conducted research, it has been revealed that the scientific and practical literature lacks sufficient studying of the functioning and systematisation of existing data on new financial technologies, on the basis of which modern financial services and products are developed. There-fore, the features of distributed ledger technology (hereinafter referred to as DLT) are chosen as the subject of research in this work. The purpose of the study is to analyse the application of the DLT in modern conditions based on exploring theoretical and practical aspects of the problem under study. In accordance with the set purpose, the objectives are to identify the features of the DLT, to develop a classification of this technology according to appropriate criteria as well as to identify the directions of regulating the use of the DLT in modern conditions. The sources of information are informational and analytical materials and empirical data from open sources of both public authorities and commercial organisations. In the course of the study, the features of the DLT are considered, the criteria for its classification are presented as well. Based on the results of the conducted study, it has been concluded that the features of the DLT described by us are fragmentary reflected in regulatory legal acts, which once again emphasises the need to develop common guidelines for public policy in relation to the legal and technical regulation of the DLT in Russia.

ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ ИНДУСТРИАЛЬНЫЕ ПАРКИ В СИСТЕМЕ МЕХАНИЗМОВ ИННОВАЦИОННОГО РАЗВИТИЯ РОССИЙСКИХ РЕГИОНОВ

The article examines state industrial parks as an important link in the chain of modern production, developing in conditions of constant economic fluctuations, trade wars and changes in international economic relations. This means not only diversifying geographically and creating a favorable environment for foreign investors, but also developing flexible financial models that can support business resilience during periods of uncertainty. The author clarified that stimulating and developing such an investment instrument as industrial parks with state support, located in regions, the strategy of which is aimed not only at quantity, but also at quality, has a positive transformation of the real sector of the economy. The theory and practice of regional economic management points to the problem of the growing scale of uneven spatial development of the country and irrational approaches to the location of production. Developed industrial territories in this context are a way to solve the listed problems, which confirms the relevance of the functioning of industrial parks both in the world and in individual regions of the Russian Federation.

ONTOGENESIS OF CLEAR IMAGE: CONTEMPORARY TELEVISION AND FILM PROGRAMMING ON RADIO TELEVISION OF SERBIA IN THE DIGITAL AGE FROM AN EDITORIAL PERSPECTIVE

This paper examines the transformation of television production, specifically focusing on film programming within the digital environment from an editorial perspective at Radio Television of Serbia (RTS). The study delves into the transition from traditional analog broadcasting, where a single film was aired once a week, often a western, to the complexities of modern digital television production, which incorporates advanced organizational and technical skills, as well as the integration of contemporary technologies in program realization.The research highlights the increasing importance of editorial work in creating diverse and engaging content that caters to various demographic groups, with a special focus on the responsibilities of editors in shaping program quality and audience engagement. As television production has evolved into a leading creative sector, it now encompasses a wide range of genres, multimedia content, and interactive media, reflecting significant changes in both cultural and organizational strategies within the media landscape.The paper also explores the impact of globalization, technological advancements, and changing cultural policies on the development of national public service broadcasters like RTS. It discusses how these institutions have adapted to the challenges posed by a rapidly changing media environment, such as the increasing demand for efficiency, the expansion of content, and the inclusion of marginalized social groups in the programming.Through the examination of editorial practices in contemporary film programming, this work aims to offer insights into the evolving role of editorial decisions in shaping television content, as well as their contribution to the broader cultural and educational objectives of public broadcasting in the digital age.Top of Form

INNOVATIVE TRENDS OF FINANCIAL ENGINEERING TO THE WAY OF DIGITAL ECONOMY

The modern world is undergoing rapid and profound changes driven by the rapid development of digital technologies that are affecting all aspects of economic life. The transition to a digital economy is becoming increasingly evident, creating new opportunities and challenges for various sectors, including the financial industry. Financial engineering, as a discipline that combines finance, mathematics, statistics, and information technology, is a key tool in shaping modern financial strategies and products. In this context, it is important to explore the innovative trends that determine the development of financial engineering in the digital economy. This article aims to explore the latest trends in financial engineering that contribute to the transition to the digital economy. Particular attention will be paid to analyzing the impact of digital financial instruments on global markets and the role of financial institutions in the new digital environment. The study of these aspects will not only help to understand the current transformation processes but also to predict further directions of financial engineering development and its impact on the digital economy. This, in turn, will help to develop more effective strategies for managing financial risks and opportunities in the new environment, ensuring the sustainable development of the financial system and the economy as a whole. The digital economy is fundamentally changing the way financial markets and businesses operate. This article explores the main innovative trends in financial engineering that contribute to the emergence and development of the digital economy. Also, the prospects and challenges associated with the implementation of these technologies are discussed.

Occupational Health and Safety in Beekeeping: An Analysis of Bayburt and the Upper Çoruh Valley

Beekeeping is an agricultural activity closely intertwined with nature and involves various occupational risk factors. This study examines stationary and migratory beekeepers' occupational health and safety risks in the Bayburt and Upper Çoruh Valley regions. The research evaluates the chemical, physical, biological, and ergonomic risks beekeepers face and analyses their potential adverse effects on beekeepers’ health and public health. It is noted that the use of antibiotics and pesticides poses a risk of residue in honey, potentially affecting the food chain and leading to occupational diseases. Using the Fine-Kinney risk analysis method, evaluations were conducted in 13 apiaries, identifying 17 risks: 5 ergonomic, 4 physical, 6 chemical, and 2 biological. Among these risks, heavy lifting and repetitive movements were prominent in terms of ergonomic risks, pesticide and antibiotic use in terms of chemical risks, apiary site safety and traffic accidents in terms of physical risks, and bee stings and wild animal attacks in terms of biological risks. The study emphasises the need to enhance occupational health and safety measures in the beekeeping sector and to adopt more modern production methods.

СВІТОГЛЯДНІ МАШИНОЗНАВЧІ ЗНАННЯ МАЙБУТНІХ УЧИТЕЛІВ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ

Mechanical engineering competence is a basic component of the professional training of future technology teachers. It is implemented, as a rule, in the specialized education of high school students and directs their professional self-determination to the field of modern production, helps schoolchildren navigate different types of working machines, using as a support the ability to determine their methods of action, and also allows future technology teachers to competently organize extracurricular work and extracurricular education of schoolchildren. Currently, the actual content of mechanical science knowledge of future technology teachers is narrow and irrelevant to their professional activity, as it models the basics of the professional competence of future design engineers in the mechanical engineering industry. The article substantiates the need to replace the functional concept of the content of mechanical knowledge of future technology teachers with the concept of the user of working machines. Accordingly, the knowledge of the engineer-designer of the machine-building industry is being replaced by the basic worldview knowledge of the mechanical engineer as a reference qualified user of working machines or equipment in general. In the study, it was hypothesized that the level of cognitive interest of future technology teachers in machine science knowledge will increase if their content is global. The essence of the method of control questions, which allows modeling the machine science worldview of the user of working machines, is revealed. The pedagogical experiment was conducted at Mykhailo Kotsiubynskyi Vinnytsia State Pedagogical University during 2018–2024. It consisted of three series of ascertaining, formative and control stages. At the ascertaining stage of the pedagogical experiment, the actual level of students' interest in mechanical engineering knowledge was determined. At the formative stage, traditional machine learning competence was formed in the control groups and innovative machine learning competence in the experimental groups. At the end of the semesters, at the control stage, an assessment was made of the nature of the shift in the cognitive interests of the students of the control and experimental groups towards machine science knowledge. The theoretical value of the results lies in substantiating the concept of the user of working machines for determining the content of machine learning knowledge of future technology teachers. The practical value of the results lies in the use of technical problems as a didactic condition for the formation of students' machine science competence in the process of using the worldview of machine science knowledge they have learned to solve educational technical problem situations.

Analysis of successful practices and determination of promising directions for implementing innovations in the sphere of housing and communal services in Russia

Since the key direction of modern development is the introduction of digital technologies in order to optimise all the aspects of economic activity, the main focus of the work is aimed at analysing the current state and prospects for the introduction of innovations in the housing and utilities sector (here-inafter referred to as HUS) from the point of view of digitalisation of the industry. To achieve this goal, we have used the analysis of statistical data in the context of the economic activities to determine the current level of innovative development of the HUS of Russia as well as individual indicators of the distribution and effectiveness of applying digital solutions in the industry. In the course of the work, it has been found that it significantly lags behind the average Russian indicators of innovation of innovative activity of companies, expenses on innovations as well as of modern products, works, and services. In the formation of the Russian “industry 4.0”, the HUS also demonstrates a significant lag in the development. The use of the most advanced and promising digital technologies is at an extremely low level, and the digital solutions applied in the activities of companies in the industry demonstrate extremely low efficiency rates, and most of them have virtually no significant impact on the work of the organisations. We believe that the negative experience of investing in the digital infrastructure is the reason for low involvement of the HUS companies in the fourth industrial revolution and low indicators of the innovative development on a national scale.

Цифровизация и использование искусственного интеллекта в производственных процессах современных предприятий

This article analyzes the possibilities and prospects of digital transformation of the Russian manufacturing sector, examines its current state, key driving forces, potential advantages and problems, and provides recommendations for further development. The author examines the issues of introducing the achievements of Industry 4.0 into the production processes of enterprises in traditional sectors of the economy, in particular in transport, energy and mining. As part of the implementation of the achievements of Industry 4.0, it is necessary to mention artificial intelligence (AI), which is becoming an integral element of the modern industrial era, being introduced in order to optimize production processes. In this regard, the author dwells in detail on the use of artificial intelligence, exploring its advantages, opportunities and prospects, as well as showing the best practices of application. At the same time, the author shows and analyzes the main challenges and problems arising from the widespread introduction of artificial intelligence into production processes. The purpose of this article is to consider the relevance of the application of the achievements of Industry 4.0 in modern production, to show the possibilities of using artificial intelligence in production processes, to analyze the main problems that arise and to assess the prospects for further development. Based on the conducted research, it can be concluded that the introduction of Industry 4.0 technologies and other digitalization achievements in modern business, including in manufacturing, transport and energy, provides organizations with serious advantages and opportunities reflected at various levels of management and strategic and operational decision-making. The novelty of this study lies in an attempt to consider the patterns and possibilities of introducing artificial intelligence into the production processes of industrial enterprises, based on their current needs and prospects for further development.