Distributors Of Products Research Articles

Customer Segmentation Using the K-means Clustering Algorithm and Recency Frequency Monetary Model at Pharmaceutical Product Wholesaler

PT Kimia Farma Trading and Distribution (KFTD) is a company engaged in the distribution and trading services of Indonesian health products, on a national scale. In 2022, the company aims to increase sales to be awarded as one of the top 3 national pharmaceutical product distributors by 2024. Their current strategy is to provide customers with delayed payment permission and integrated complaint services. However, the offers and services are the same for all customers which does not consider customer track record hence it is not cost-effective. One way to increase sales is by enhancing customer satisfaction and loyalty by implementing Customer Relationship Management (CRM) strategies. Several strategies can be carried out, namely analysis of associations related to pharmaceutical products, and analysis of customer segmentation and clustering of products. The method used in this study was the K-means clustering algorithm combined with the Recency Frequency Monetary (RFM) model. Experiments showed that the optimal clustering results are 4 therefore they are categorized into 4 customer segments, namely Superstar, Golden, Typical, and Occasional Customers.

Cuando las empresas de moda se transformanen empresas de comunicación: los casos de Benetton,Net-a-Porter y Loewe

The digital context has caused the transformation of fashion brands into something more than producers and distributors of fashion products. In a context of disintermediation, through their online webpages or social media, brands are broadcasters and direct communication channels for audiences. This transformation implies profound changes for fashion companies. It also poses new challenges for the communication strategies of brands. Using the case method, this work approaches three renowned brands that are significant for their relationshipbetween fashion and communication: Benetton, Net-a-Porter and Loewe. The analysis reveals, on the one hand, the evolution suffered by fashion brands in recent decades andtheir role as communicators. On the other hand, it delves into the role of communication in the fashion sector, in a context where merely commercial communication gives way to new formats and experiences. The example of fashion films is paradigmatic.The conclusions thus show a strategic change for fashion communication. The connection with the product, the tone and the type of messages emitted are changing. And a mutation of brands is observed asthey are also constituted as communication companies, where it is essential to understand the consumer as an informed audience.

Prosedur Penagihan Piutang pada Anugrah Jaya Motor Surabaya

Economic development in Indonesia is currently very rapid. This is directed by the number of companies that grow every year. The development of this company is inseparable from business competition in achieving profits, capturing market share and consumer attention. The ability to seize from competitors is inseparable from the company's marketing strategy. A company's marketing includes promotional efforts and sales strategies, both cash and credit. Companies currently generally sell more of their products on credit because this sales system is chosen as one of the improvements to the form of sales that is suitable at this time. The purpose of providing credit from the customer's side is to provide convenience and flexibility for customers in making payments. This is what CV. Anugrah Jaya Motor Surabaya does. As one of the motorcycle spare part product distributor companies. CV. Anugrah Jaya Motor Surabaya also provides convenience in terms of selling goods to customers. To attract customers and provide convenience in making payments. CV. Anugrah Jaya Motor Surabaya not only provides cash sales but also credit sales as an alternative if consumers or customers do not have cash when purchasing goods. However, the convenience of credit sales does not make all customers consistent in making payments on time. There are customers who cannot fulfill their obligations in making credit payments on time.

Are Tobacco Companies in Nigeria Complying With Health Warning Label Regulations on Cigarettes and Other Tobacco Products?

BACKGROUND: Nigeria has approved 50% coverage of text and images of pictorial health warning labels (PHWLs) on packages of cigarettes and other tobacco products such as cigars, smokeless tobacco, and loose tobacco. While there is knowledge on the extent to which LMICs like Nigeria adopt the WHO Framework Convention of Tobacco Control (FCTC), there is need to examine the compliance with adopted packaging and labeling policies to generate knowledge for strengthening existing policies and efforts at enforcement. We assessed agreement with FCTC regulations as well as compliance with Nigerian requirements which are not adequate and do not effectively capture all FCTC requirements to identify the gaps being explored by these companies in an environment of poor regulation in Lagos, Nigeria. METHODS: This descriptive study was conducted in Lagos State, Nigeria, from October 2022 to January 2023. A multistage random sampling method was utilized. Four local government areas (LGAs) with a combined population of 16 million, accounting for 70% of the population in Lagos, Nigeria were selected while three points‑of‑sale were randomly picked from two selected wards in each LGA. Empty discarded packs of cigarette and other tobacco products were collected from these outlets. The pack dimensions were measured and assessed for PHWLs, health warning manipulations and cessation assistance. Findings were assessed for compliance with the FCTC and national legislation. For each compliance feature, we calculated the frequencies and percentages of the packs that were compliant. RESULTS: 704 packs: 434 packs of 22 cigarette brands and 270 packs of 17 different tobacco products including cigars, snuff and loose tobacco were included in the study. Of 434 cigarette packs assessed, 50.3% were compliant with 9 indicators measured. These ranged from 48.8% to 55.5% for individual brands. For cessation assistance, image variability and image manipulation, compliance was 0% across all cigarette packs. Out of 270 tobacco product packs assessed, 10.6% were compliant with the 9 indicators assessed. Of the 12 multinational parent companies and product distributors assessed, the overall level of compliance among them was 24.9%. Level of compliance was noted to very low for companies involved in marketing other tobacco products, ranging from 0% to 20% but moderate for those marketing cigarettes, ranging from 37% to 55.5%. Companies that had no presence or subsidiaries in Nigeria but only export their products were highly non-compliant. CONCLUSIONS: Tobacco companies had low compliance with PHWL on cigarettes and negligible compliance on other tobacco products like cigars, loose and smokeless tobacco. The government should expand and strictly enforce all regulations applying to health warnings, especially on non-cigarette tobacco products and closely monitor companies that merely export their products to the country.

Are Tobacco Companies in Nigeria Complying With Health Warning Label Regulations on Cigarettes and Other Tobacco Products?

BACKGROUND: Nigeria has approved 50% coverage of text and images of pictorial health warning labels (PHWLs) on packages of cigarettes and other tobacco products such as cigars, smokeless tobacco, and loose tobacco. While there is knowledge on the extent to which LMICs like Nigeria adopt the WHO Framework Convention of Tobacco Control (FCTC), there is need to examine the compliance with adopted packaging and labeling policies to generate knowledge for strengthening existing policies and efforts at enforcement. We assessed agreement with FCTC regulations as well as compliance with Nigerian requirements which are not adequate and do not effectively capture all FCTC requirements to identify the gaps being explored by these companies in an environment of poor regulation in Lagos, Nigeria. METHODS: This descriptive study was conducted in Lagos State, Nigeria, from October 2022 to January 2023. A multistage random sampling method was utilized. Four local government areas (LGAs) with a combined population of 16 million, accounting for 70% of the population in Lagos, Nigeria were selected while three points‑of‑sale were randomly picked from two selected wards in each LGA. Empty discarded packs of cigarette and other tobacco products were collected from these outlets. The pack dimensions were measured and assessed for PHWLs, health warning manipulations and cessation assistance. Findings were assessed for compliance with the FCTC and national legislation. For each compliance feature, we calculated the frequencies and percentages of the packs that were compliant. RESULTS: 704 packs: 434 packs of 22 cigarette brands and 270 packs of 17 different tobacco products including cigars, snuff and loose tobacco were included in the study. Of 434 cigarette packs assessed, 50.3% were compliant with 9 indicators measured. These ranged from 48.8% to 55.5% for individual brands. For cessation assistance, image variability and image manipulation, compliance was 0% across all cigarette packs. Out of 270 tobacco product packs assessed, 10.6% were compliant with the 9 indicators assessed. Of the 12 multinational parent companies and product distributors assessed, the overall level of compliance among them was 24.9%. Level of compliance was noted to very low for companies involved in marketing other tobacco products, ranging from 0% to 20% but moderate for those marketing cigarettes, ranging from 37% to 55.5%. Companies that had no presence or subsidiaries in Nigeria but only export their products were highly non-compliant. CONCLUSIONS: Tobacco companies had low compliance with PHWL on cigarettes and negligible compliance on other tobacco products like cigars, loose and smokeless tobacco. The government should expand and strictly enforce all regulations applying to health warnings, especially on non-cigarette tobacco products and closely monitor companies that merely export their products to the country.

Review Based Research Topic Identification and Analysis on Multi-Level Marketing Business

Purpose: There are many companies who have invested so much of money and do their advertisement to promote or sell their product to the target customers. Multi-level marketing which is also known as direct selling is one which marketing strategy which encourages the customer or the users of the company’s product to advertise the product by word of mouth. The customers in large or group constitute certain motivating program to promote the product so that in turn they can earn some commission. The study aims at identifying factors which give opportunities for the customers to start a new business with the company’s product and in long run they can be called entrepreneurs. Design/ Methodology/ Approach: The study is based on secondary data gathered from a variety of sources including case studies, journal article, magazines, books and internet searches Findings/Results: The study’s main findings shows that many of the people are still confused with the concept of multi-level marketing, it always gets interchanged with the term pyramid scheme or money chain. As per the literature study there is a huge growth and expansion of multi-level marketing in India and other countries. There is an increase of companies who are into multi-level, and also customer tend to use the product of MLM companies once it has gained legal support. The increase in number of MLM companies have provided business opportunities for the people by becoming the product distributor. Originality/Value: The study highlights multi-level marketing strategy and the sustainability of MLM companies and the opportunities provided by the company for the people who join the company as a distributor. Multi-level marketing companies provide sustainable business opportunities for the people. Type of Paper: Literature Review

State market surveillance of non-food products in Ukraine: analysis of the decision of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine № 9-r(ii)/2023 dated November 1, 2023 in case № 3-53/2022(126/22)

The article analyzes the problem of state market supervision of non-food products in Ukraine. Problematic aspects of administrative and economic responsibility for putting into circulation products that do not meet the established requirements are considered. The decision of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine No 9-р(ii)/2023 of November 1, 2023 in case No 3-53/2022(126/22) and the separate opinion of the judge of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine G.V. Yurovskaya were analyzed on this issue. It is noted that strengthening consumer protection and improving quality control and safety of products and services are important tasks for any country, including Ukraine. And the creation of an effective legislative mechanism that guarantees consumer rights and determines the responsibility of enterprises for the quality and safety of products stimulates the development of entrepreneurship and competitiveness in the market, which in turn helps to improve the investment climate and ensures a balanced development of the economy. The process of improving legislation on the protection of consumer rights is considered. It has been proven that legislative changes in this area were aimed at reducing corruption risks in the field of monitoring compliance with requirements for the quality and safety of products and services, and the increase in fines for product distributors who did not provide the necessary documentation for supplier identification was aimed at creating economic conditions at which it will be unprofitable to trade products without proper documents. Attention has been drawn to the possibility of establishing absolutely defined and (or) non-alternative sanctions in acts of public legislation in the case when the subject of law enforcement is a government body other than a court. A balance between clarity of sanctions and flexibility in their application has been proven to help ensure fairness and efficiency of the legal system.

Multiuser-Based Fertilizer Supply Information System In East Plongkowati Kud, Grobgan District

KUD Plongkowati Timur is located at Jalan Godong-Karangrayung, Grobogan Regency, which apart from operating in the savings and loan business unit, is also a distributor of fertilizer products produced by PT. Petrokima Gresik and PT. Pupuk Sriwidjaja Palembang. In running the fertilizer distributor business unit at KUD Plongkowati Timur, the process of recording purchase and sales transactions is not carried out using an integrated system in the database, all data is still recorded conventionally by the administration section, while the administration section's computer functions to create reports which are copied from notes provided by cashier so that data security is not guaranteed because the database is not yet integrated. Based on the problems that exist in the East Plongkowati KUD, the author would like to propose a design for a Fertilizer Inventory application system to be taken into consideration in helping speed up the process of recording purchase and sales transactions and can provide the information needed by the East Plongkowati KUD, Grobogan Regency in the form of purchase reports, sales reports, reports. suppliers, customer reports. So the design of the fertilizer inventory information system uses the Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0 programming language with a database from Microsoft Access 2007 and the design of reports from Crystal Report 7. It is hoped that making this application can be one of the efforts that can be made to overcome problems that often occur so that it can increase work effectiveness which of course will have an impact on improving the quality of service to customers.

The Calcutta Marwaris and the Swadeshi Movement: In the Context of Boycott and Swadeshi Politics (1905-1907)

At the dawn of the 20th century, an organized struggle against the partition of Bengal significantly influenced the trajectory of Indian politics. The Swadeshi movement engendered political extremism within the realm of Indian nationalism, leading a contingent of educated Bengalis to take up arms against British rule. In these circumstances, Bengali leaders adopted the policies of 'Boycott' and 'Swadeshi' to undermine British economic interests in Bengal. This paper seeks to explore the role played by the Marwari community of Calcutta in the anti-partition movement of 1905. During that era, the Marwaris were integral to the European trading system. They procured raw materials from various parts of the country for export and served as distributors of foreign products in the local market. Marwari traders were aligned with the British in the realm of commerce. Given this context, it is natural to question how the Marwari traders of Calcutta reacted to the boycott of foreign goods. What if we were to uncover, albeit sparingly, instances of Marwaris supporting the anti-partition boycott movement in history? This paper aims to address the following questions to comprehend the involvement of Calcutta's Marwaris in the 1905 Swadeshi Movement. Firstly, to what extent did the policy of boycotting foreign goods succeed within the Swadeshi movement? Secondly, what was the impact of the 'Boycott' and 'Swadeshi' policies on the Calcutta Marwaris? And thirdly, did the Calcutta Marwaris indeed participate in the Swadeshi Movement, and if so, what motivated their involvement? Most prevailing studies have dismissed the participation of the Marwari Community of Calcutta in the Swadeshi movement. This paper aims to uncover the answers to these questions and shed light on the extent of the Marwari community of Calcutta's involvement in the Swadeshi movement.

An analysis of the presence of ingredients that were declared by the producers as “active” in trichological shampoos for hair loss

There is growing number of trichological schampoos on the market. The producers and distributors of such products frequently indicate on certain “active ingredients” which, as they assure, would have beneficial effects against hair loss. Our preliminary search in the medical literature has demonstrated that for many of these “active ingredients” no scientific evidence has been published to support their actual effects. In order to verify the producers’ claims, we undertook systematic analyzes of research published of the ingredients’ effects on the hair. For a credible analyzes, a compilation of a complete list of ingredients with ascribed anti-hair loss activity was necessary. Aim:The aim of this study was, therefore, an analysis of trichological shampoos offered on the Polish market with regard to ingredients declared by the producers as active against hair loss. Materials and methods:The analysis covered the declared ingredients lists of trichological shampoos against hair loss available on the Polish market from February 2022 to May 2023. Information on the product package as well as enclosed leaflets were scanned for ingredients declared as “active against hair loss”. Results: The inclusion criteria were met by 41 trichological shampoos from 16 producers. Altogether 111 ingredients were declared as active with a mean of 2.7 “active” ingredients per one product. The most frequent “active” ingredient was Serenoa serrulata fruit extract (present in 10 products; 24.4%), followed by Capsicum frutescens extract (6; 14.6%) and caffeine (5; 12,2%). Of 111 “active” ingredients, 75 (67.5%) were present in a single product only. Conclusions:Producers of trichological shampoos promote their products by indicating numerous “active ingredients”, the majority of which is present in single products. This raises the question about scientific evidence behind the actual activity of such ingredients. This will be the focus of our future research.

Application of Marketing Communication Strategy in Marketing Activities Consumer Goods Products (Case Study at PT XYZ)

Objective - This study aims to determine marketing communication strategies in consumer goods marketing activities at PT XYZ in Surabaya.
 Design/methodology/approach - The object of this research was to examine marketing communication strategies in consumer goods marketing activities at PT XYZ in Surabaya. The subject of research is PT XYZ which is located in Surabaya and the company was chosen because of its position as a market leader in the field of consumer goods product distributors.
 Findings - The results showed conformity between conceptual patterns predicted based on relevant theories with patterns of empirical findings of case studies. Based on the analysis carried out, it is concluded that the marketing communication strategy of PT XYZ uses a promotional mix in the form of advertising, sales promotion, personal selling, and marketing events. Marketing communication activities are widely supported by brand-holder companies or principals

E-Transaction Point of Sales (POS) with Fuzzy Tsukamoto Algorithm at PT. Samihasa Kita

PT. Samihasa Kita is a glass product distributor company that was founded in 1989, which is located in the city of Semarang, Central Java, with sales area coverage in Central Java, D.I Yogyakarta, Jakarta, and Kalimantan. So far, PT Samihasa Kita has an erratic amount of demand for goods, as a result, sometimes the number of goods produced for sale with the goods purchased by consumers is not balanced. This resulted in PT Samihasa Kita not getting the maximum profit. Based on this problem, Fuzzy Tsukamoto logic was chosen to determine the optimal daily production amount. By using fuzzy logic can be determined the relative size of the production of goods. The Fuzzy Tsukamoto method can also be used to forecast sales in the coming month based on the amount of inventory. Thus the amount of production and demand for goods PT. Samihasa Kita is predictable and balances transactions. E-transaction Point Of Sales (POS) with the Fuzzy Tsukamoto algorithm at PT. Samihasa aims to be able to predict demand and procurement of goods that will have an impact on optimizing revenue.

Network design with consideration of hours‐of‐service regulation and drop‐and‐swap trailer operations

AbstractThis research, motivated by collaboration with a leading manufacturer and distributor of building products, introduces two distribution network design models considering federally mandated hours of service restrictions on truck drivers and drop‐and‐swap trailer operations. A key feature of the drop‐and‐swap transport mode is the decoupling of linehaul and last‐mile delivery operations, which enables geographic extension of last‐mile delivery routes while complying with hours of service driver regulations and providing next‐day delivery service. The models simultaneously determine the profit‐maximizing size, number, and location of order fulfillment facilities and satellite drop‐and‐swap terminals, and systemwide transportation flows. A case study of the firm's distribution network reveals that the new location models improve profitability by approximately 5% when compared with traditional network design approaches. An experimental study of five marketing and operational characteristics shows when the models are most advantageously applied. Overall, profit improvements range from 2.32% to 10.97% on a set of 288 test problems. The research provides new insights for integrated facility location and transportation strategic design. The potential application of the models in a variety of e‐commerce scenarios is promising.

지방자치단체와 관련된 금융소비자보호법의 개선방안

A summary of improvement plans for the act on the protection of financial consumer related to local governments is as follows.
 1. Article 1(purpose) of the act on the protection of financial consumer does not contain any content related to the ‘responsibility of local governments’. Article 1 of the act on the protection of financial consumer is “this act stipulates matters to be observed regarding the business of financial product sellers and financial product advisors, and national and local governments, in order to promote the rights and interests of financial consumers and establish a sound market order in the financial product sales business and financial product advisory business. It is aimed at enhancing the effectiveness of financial consumer protection and contributing to the development of the national economy by prescribing matters related to financial consumer policies and financial dispute settlement procedures for the protection of financial consumer rights and interests of local governments.” 2. Article 9 of the act on the protection of financial consumer (responsibilities of the state) omits the responsibilities of local governments. Subparagraph 2 of article 9 of the act on the protection of financial consumer is defined as “the state and local governments shall fulfill the following responsibilities(1. establish and implement necessary policies to promote the rights and interests of financial consumers in order to realize the basic rights of financial consumers pursuant to article 7), 2. enactment, revision, and abolition of laws, ordinances, and rules related to the protection of financial consumers, 3. maintenance and improvement of operation of necessary administrative organizations, and 4. support and fostering of sound and independent organizational activities of financial consumers).” It would be nice to amend it.
 3. It would be nice to revise the ‘of the state’ in article 10, subparagraph 1 of the act on the protection of financial consumer to ‘of the state and local governments’.
 4. It would be good to amend the ‘financial services commission’ in article 29(financial consumer protection) to article 30(financial education) paragraph 4 of the act on the protection of financial consumer to ‘financial services commission and local governments’.
 5. There are no provisions related to the protection of personal information in the act on the protection of financial consumer, such as article 15, paragraph 1 of the framework act on consumers. Therefore, according to the act on the protection of financial consumer, “the state and local governments shall take necessary measures to prevent financial consumers from suffering unreasonable damage due to loss, theft, leakage, alteration, or damage of financial consumers’ personal information in transactions between financial consumers and financial product distributors, etc.” It would be good to create a new regulation similar to “.
 6. There is no such content as article 18, paragraph 1 of the framework act on consumer in the act on the protection of financial consumer. It would be good to add a new provision to the act on the protection of financial consumer, such as “financial product distributors, etc. must actively cooperate with the national and local governments' policies to promote financial consumer rights and interests”. 7. There is no such thing as ‘protection of the vulnerable’ in the act on the protection of financial consumer. It would be good if new contents such as the protection of the vulnerable class were added to the act on the protection of financial consumer.

Survey Results on the Risk-Based Quality of Selected Medicines Available in ECOWAS Countries in Mali

Background and Objectives: Medicines are not ordinary commercial products. In most cases, consumers are unable to decide when and how to use drugs and weigh the potential benefits against the risks, because no drug is completely safe. The use of ineffective, poor quality and harmful drugs leads to treatment failure, exacerbation of disease, drug resistance and sometimes even death. It also contributes to reducing consumer confidence in health systems, healthcare providers, manufacturers and distributors of pharmaceutical products. Methods: The survey focused on establishments identified in cross-border areas selected by the ECOWAS PMS technical working group. These can be manufacturers, importers, central purchasing bodies, wholesalers, hospital distribution centers, health centers, retail outlets. It took place from September to November 2022 and aimed to conduct quality risk-based post-marketing survey of antimalarials, antibiotics and COVID-19 drugs circulating at selected distribution levels in Mali. Results: A total of 33 samples were taken and analyzed according to a risk-based protocol, of which 27 were compliant with a rate of 82% against 06 were non-compliant or 22%. Non-compliant drugs were from both the public and private sectors. We found that 79% of drugs were unregistered among which antimicrobials were the least registered drugs with a rate of 73% and came mainly from India and China. Conclusion: This study with its cross-border character allowed us to take samples in certain areas often not covered by routine PMS. It allowed us to detect 6 non-compliant products that were withdrawn from the market and regulatory measures were taken to ensure health and guarantee access to quality medicines for health and the well-being of populations.

Analisis Strategi Produk Kecantikan Viral Menggunakan Integrasi Product Life Cycle dan Analisis SWOT

The development ofproduct scycle is one of the keys to a product life cycle (product life scycle) in a company. In retail companies, distributors of viral beauty products also have a life cycle center at the age of the viral period of a product that cannot be predicted. So that business owners must prepare alternative strategies for development through their internal and external resources through the provision of their strengths, weaknesses, challenges, and threats (SWOT). This research was conducted on one of the viral products owned by a beauty product company / store. Data collection is carried out by the method of observation, interviews and the study of company documents. The analysis method uses an internal analysis matrix of external SWOT (Strenghts, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats). This analysis is used to find out the external internal potential possessed by the company. The next analysis method is to use the principle of product life cycle (PLC). From these 2 SWOT and PLC analyses, several alternative strategies were produced to develop sales as well as control over the life cycle of viral products based on the PLC study conducted. This research is focused on companies in the field of beauty products with special cases on products that go viral or rise periodically. Recommendations for subsequent research are to further develop projections of subjects with a wider range of cases, so as to provide a broader picture as well as strategy.

Textiles in seventeenth and eighteenth-century Styria (Austria): Innovation and distribution

The focus of this paper lies on the inhabitants of the duchy of Styria, those from small towns, market towns and the capital Graz, as well as those from rural dominions. Special stress is laid on local merchants as distributors of fabrics and final products. Their probate inventories allow us to get at least some insights into the locally available products and they often are regarded as best source for the research in changes of consumer habits. Cotton and silk are important indicators of these changes. The article is based on probate inventories covering mainly the period from about 1660 to about 1790 with some earlier as well as some later examples. The core of the research database comes from nearly 1,140 probate inventories from the monastery of Seckau, and about 110 from the city of Graz, another 234 from other Styrian towns, market towns, and dominions. Despite the relatively large number of sources, the contribution follows a historical-anthropological approach.

Validation of environmental noise models from a manufacturer's persepctive

Validation is a critical part of the modelling process. Without this stage, it may be impossible for users to tell how close their model is to the real world. Validating an environmental noise model can be tricky, but there are some important ideas to keep in mind that can help you. DataKustik, the developers of the environmental noise prediction software CadnaA, and Scantek, Inc., the sole distributor of DataKustik products in North America, would like to offer some dos and don’ts of validating an environmental noise model from a manufacturer’s point of view.

E-Transaction Point Of Sales (Pos) With Fuzzy Tsukamoto Algorithm At Pt. Samihasa Kita

PT. Samihasa Kita is a glass product distributor company that was founded in 1989, which is located in the city of Semarang, Central Java, with sales area coverage in Central Java, D.I Yogyakarta, Jakarta, and Kalimantan. So far, PT Samihasa Kita has an erratic amount of demand for goods, as a result, sometimes the number of goods produced for sale with the goods purchased by consumers is not balanced. This resulted in PT Samihasa Kita not getting the maximum profit. Based on this problem, Fuzzy Tsukamoto logic was chosen to determine the optimal daily production amount. By using fuzzy logic can be determined the relative size of the production of goods. The Fuzzy Tsukamoto method can also be used to forecast sales in the coming month based on the amount of inventory. Thus the amount of production and demand for goods PT. Samihasa Kita is predictable and balances transactions. This research aims to be able to predict demand and procurement of goods that will have an impact on optimizing revenue at PT. Samihasa Kita.

Digital transformation of the steel distribution sector in the context of Industry 4.0

Purpose: Process digitization and artificial intelligence are the needs of today's industry. The Fourth Industrial Revolution along with the concept of Industry 4.0 provides a huge opportunity for the development of many industries. Industry 4.0 imposes high demands on production and logistics in cyber-physical systems. Therefore, the primary objective of this publication is to present the concept of Industry 4.0, with particular emphasis on the impact of its technological solutions on the process of distribution of industrial goods. The challenges and benefits of the concept of Industry 4.0 are also presented in the article. Design/methodology/approach: The work consists of two parts, the review of literature and the research part. The theoretical part presents the impact of technological solutions on the evolution of the distribution process. The empirical part focuses on the importance of technological solutions in the segment of Polish steel product distributors. In Poland, 9.7 million tons of steel is produced on average annually. In the world, according to the analyzes of the World Steel Association, 1781.5 million tons of steel was produced in 2022. Steel is an important construction and industrial material used in the production of cars, machines, ships, appliances, etc. Research was realized in Polish sector of companies. The questionnaire was build according the structure of Industry 4.0 based on pillars. In the questionnaire was used Likert scale from 1 to 5 with 5 being the highest. Findings: Steel sector companies are aware of the importance of the technology of Industry 4.0 in improving the course of the process and communication with the market. The respondents highly assessed the importance of the pillars of Industry 4.0 in the processes of storage and distribution of steel products, most often choosing 4 in the Likert scale from 1 to 5. Originality/value: Studies presented in this paper are strongly linked to the current concept of industrial development, which is Industry 4.0. Keywords: product distribution, Industry 4.0, steel industry. Category of the paper: research paper.