Components Of Products Research Articles

Investigation into the fabrication of plant-based simulant connective tissue utilizing algae polysaccharide-derived hydrogel

Connective tissue is an important component of meat products that provides support to animal muscles. Hydrogels are considered a promising alternative to connective tissues and simulate actual products by adjusting the gel texture and mouthfeel. This study used soybean protein isolate (SPI), corn starch (CS), konjac glucomannan (KGM), and seaweed powder (SP) as raw materials to examine the effect of different added SP and KGM concentrations on the gel texture. The G' of the gel increased five-fold when the SP and KGM concentration was increased from 1 % to 3 %. The results of mechanical property tests showed that with the addition of SP, the gel hardness increased from 316.00 g to 1827.23 g and the tensile strength increased from 0.027 MPa to 0.089 MPa. Sensory evaluation showed that the samples with 2 % SP and KGM presented the highest overall acceptability score and the most significant similarity to real connective tissue. The connective tissue simulants exhibited excellent water-holding capacity (>90 %), significantly increasing their juiciness. SEM indicated that 2 % KGM addition improved gel network structure stability. The results demonstrate the potential of seaweed polysaccharide-derived hydrogels as connective tissue mimics. This provides a new strategy for the preparation of high mechanical strength hydrogels and lays the foundation for structural diversification of plant-based meat.

Effect of TiC addition on microstructure and properties of network structured TiC–ZrO2 composite conductive ceramics

Zirconia (ZrO2) ceramics have excellent mechanical properties and high-temperature conductivities. However, ZrO2 ceramics do not possess room-temperature conductivity, which significantly limits their application as functional components in smart communication devices and wearable smart products. To achieve room-temperature conductivity in ZrO2 ceramics, this study prepared a network-structured TiC–ZrO2 composite conductive ceramic with a low titanium carbide (TiC) addition using pressureless sintering. The influence of the TiC addition on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and electrical properties of the TiC–ZrO2 composite material was investigated. The results showed that the composite material consists of cubic zirconia (c-ZrO2), tetragonal zirconia (t-ZrO2), and titanium carbide (TiC) phases. When the TiC content was 11 vol %, the relative density, open porosity, flexural strength, and fracture toughness of the sample were 98.6 ± 0.1 %, 0.16 ± 0.06 %, 383 ± 38 MPa, and 4.66 ± 0.26 MPa m1/2, respectively. The electrical percolation threshold of the TiC–ZrO2 composite was between 8.0 and 11.0 vol %. When the TiC content is 18.8 vol %, the sample exhibited the lowest room-temperature resistivity of 3.00 × 10−5 Ω m. The electrical resistance of the TiC–ZrO2 composite material is mainly attributed to the grain boundary effect. With increasing TiC content, the resistivity of the composite material decreased, exhibiting linear conductivity and achieving conductive percolation characteristics.

Research on Catalytic Reaction of Cotton Straw Pyrolysis Based on Model Compounds

The study starts from the clean conversion of desulfurized ash and biomass resources, based on correlation analysis and Langmuir-Hinshelwood model, studies the components of cotton stalk pyrolysis products and describes the mechanism and effects of desulfurized ash as a catalyst in the pyrolysis process. Regression analysis, support vector machine, and other methods are used to predict the yield or output of pyrolysis products, which is of great significance for the efficient utilization and sustainable development of cotton stalks. The study found that desulfurized ash significantly promoted the thermal decomposition of cotton stalks, increased the pyrolysis gas yield and lower heating value, increased the production of hydrogen-rich gas in the pyrolysis gas, and reduced the production of carbon oxides. Through the study of model compounds, it was found that desulfurized ash has different catalytic effects on the process of cellulose and lignin components in cotton stalks generating pyrolysis gas.

Framework to supporting monitoring the circular economy in the context of industry 5.0: A proposal considering circularity indicators, digital transformation, and sustainability

Digital transformation can contribute to the increasing circular economy in organizations, facilitating their adherence to the economic, social, and environmental pillars of sustainability and, therefore, to the Industry 5.0 paradigm. In this context, this work proposes a framework for holistically addressing these themes with tools (circularity indicators and technological resources) to assist organizations in the manufacturing sector that aim to adopt circular processes with a focus on the pillars of sustainability. To elaborate the framework, the SODA (Strategic Options Development and Analysis) method was applied to explore, with the help of the interviewed specialist, the complexities of the problem studied, enabling the identification of 7 important issues or dimensions on the path to circularity. To shape the framework, 7 experts were interviewed (one for each dimension) to validate and classify the circularity indicators (prospected in the literature and added by them), correlating them to the spheres of sustainability and digital transformation technologies. The results of the framework analysis showed that achieving circularity demands the consideration of the following factors: the circularity of energy aiming at its efficiency, circularity of inputs for better use of resources, investments in circularity for process optimization, establishment of new circular businesses taking advantage of the good experiences obtained, circular and non-circular supply chain integration, compliance and governance for circularity meeting the expectations of stakeholders and the relevance of feasibility studies to technical, economic and environmental to implement circularity of product components.

A revenue management approach for tourism logistics optimization

AbstractTourism is a very complex industry and represents one of the most profitable activity in the world. A tourist product requires the execution of several multifaceted activities. Indeed, transportation, accommodation, entertainment, food, and beverages represent only some of the products/services required by a tourist. It is evident that a single enterprise cannot provide all the components of a tourist product, but several interrelated actors should collaborate. This leads to a very complex supply tourist chain that needs to be optimized. The relevant theories and methods of logistics can be used to efficiently manage all the flows that are generated in a tourist chain. The definition of appropriate policies, at the different nodes of the chain, can improve the performance of all the actors involved in tourism logistics. In this paper, we concentrate our attention on tour operators that are relevant in the touristic logistic chain since they are involved in several activities. We introduce different revenue management policies to support tour operators in the decision of accepting the most profitable tourist requests. A request consists of flights and hotel booking, characterized by a starting time of the trip and the length of stay at the destination. We allow for various combinations of flight legs and multiple categories of hotels to accommodate a variety of customer preferences and needs. A computational study is carried out by considering different scenarios, and the performance of the considered revenue management policies is analyzed in detail.

An insulin-like signalling pathway model for Fasciola gigantica

BackgroundThe insulin/insulin-like signalling (IIS) pathway is common in mammals and invertebrates, and the IIS pathway is unknown in Fasciola gigantica. In the present study, the IIS pathway was reconstructed in F. gigantica. We defined the components involved in the IIS pathway and investigated the transcription profiles of these genes for all developmental stages of F. gigantica. In addition, the presence of these components in excretory and secretory products (ESPs) was predicted via signal peptide annotation.ResultsThe core components of the IIS pathway were detected in F. gigantica. Among these proteins, one ligand (FgILP) and one insulin-like molecule binding protein (FgIGFBP) were analysed. Interestingly, three receptors (FgIR-1/FgIR-2/FgIR-3) were detected, and a novel receptor, FgIR-3, was screened, suggesting novel functions. Fg14-3-3ζ, Fgirs, and Fgpp2a exhibited increased transcription in 42-day-old juveniles and 70-day-old juveniles, while Fgilp, Fgigfb, Fgsgk-1, Fgakt-1, Fgir-3, Fgpten, and Fgaap-1 exhibited increased transcription in metacercariae. FgILP, FgIGFBP, FgIR-2, FgIR-3, and two transcription factors (FgHSF-1 and FgSKN-1) were predicted to be present in FgESPs, indicating their exogenous roles.ConclusionsThis study helps to elucidate the signal transduction pathway of IIS in F. gigantica, which will aid in understanding the interaction between flukes and hosts, as well as in understanding fluke developmental regulation, and will also lay a foundation for further characterisation of the IIS pathways of trematodes.

Measuring The Priority Of Tourism Village Development In The New Tourism Era

The study aims to analyze the priority of developing tourist villages during the new normal period in Petang District, Badung Regency Bali. The theory and concepts used to answer the problems in this research are the concept of tourism product components, the concept of a tourism village, the concept of new normal tourism. The research method used is qualitative research using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Sources of data in this study are primary data and secondary data obtained through the process of observation, interviews and focus group discussions. The results of this study indicate that the priority of developing a tourism village in Petang District in the new normal era is an ancillary aspect as the main development priority. Then, the order of priority aspects of development that can be done next is attraction, accessibility, amenity, available packages and activity. Related to ancillary as the main priority aspect, there are institutional sub-criteria as things that can be prioritized first compared to the development of additional services. Based on the analysis that has been carried out, the form of institutional development that will be implemented is by holding a collaboration between the Petang District Government and the tourism institutional where the assistance collaboration is carried out in stages starting with the establishment of a tourism management system.

Simultaneous detection of eight dairy-derived components using multiplex PCR combined with gene membrane chip

Food adulteration poses a significant risk to food safety, especially in the case of milk and dairy products, which have garnered substantial attention from regulatory authorities. In this study, we developed a method for simultaneous detection of eight animal-derived components in milk and dairy products, employing multiplex PCR combined with gene membrane chip. These components encompass cow, yak, buffalo, goat, sheep, horse, donkey, and camel. Eight dairy-derived animal-specific probes, along with eukaryotic internal reference and plant-derived internal reference probes, were designed and immobilized on nylon membranes for hybridization with PCR products, enabling source identification. Utilizing reverse dot blot hybridization, the gene membrane chip facilitates the determination of eight dairy-derived components and the presence of plant-derived components. The method demonstrated an absolute sensitivity of 0.01 ng in the multiplex PCR and membrane chip hybridization system, with a detection limit of 0.1%, meeting market supervision requirements. Upon analysis of 75 commercially available dairy products, a mislabeling rate of 29.33% was revealed. Comparative analysis with conventional PCR and real-time quantitative PCR demonstrated the method's high specificity, good repeatability, and significantly improved detection throughput, thereby enhancing the screening efficiency for adulterants in dairy products and the targeted detection capability.

Study on Palm Oil Cultivation and Processing Technology to Support The Biofuel Program (Optimization for The Development of Palm Oil-Based Energy Plantation in Indonesia)

Abstract Crude Palm Oil (CPO) is an important commodity for Indonesia, after fossil oil is no longer the main component of export products. The bioenergy product that has been well developed and applied is biodiesel. The development of CPO for bioenergy has some obstacles, such the amount of CPO needed is large so that it will affect the capacity of CPO used for food. In addition, the price of CPO which is considered high is around US$ 700-900/ton, whereas the ideal price of CPO as a bioenergy raw material is a maximum of US$ 400/ton. Several approaches that are recommended as a solution to overcome these problems are optimization of palm oil cultivation, harvesting management, and also processing technology. The methodology used in this research includes collecting data from palm oil industry players, palm oil mills (PKS), academics involved in the development of the palm oil industry, and professional organizations related to palm oil. The data was obtained by conducting discussions and knowledge sharing with them. The results of this study will assist policy makers, in this case the Ministry of Industry, Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (ESDM) and the Ministry of Agriculture to determine bioenergy development policies that involve aquaculture ecosystems, land selection, industrial location and optimal process technology. The Ministry of Industry and Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (ESDM) can partner to develop palm oil-based energy, the Ministry of Agriculture will develop palm cultivation which is sufficient to support mustard products for energy, palm land can be restructured according to energy needs. To support the energy plantation program, it is recommended that the government set up a palm plantation devoted to energy covering an area of 250,000 hectares on state land or state-owned enterprises (BUMN). Procurement of palm oil plantations can be done in stages from 25 hectares, according to land potential and budget.

Numerical modeling of the non-equilibrium condensation in multi-component flows through the high expansion ratio nozzles

Excessive flow expansion in the thruster nozzles reduces the flow temperature and pressure. This provides conditions for the condensation phenomena in the nozzle, which can affect the thrust performance of thrusters. In this paper, the condensation effect of water components in the decomposition products of hydrogen peroxide in a typical thruster nozzle is modeled. To describe the state and properties of the real gas mixture, the Peng-Robinson equation of state is used. Moreover, the effects of H2O2 concentration and nozzle profile on the condensation and nozzle performance parameters are studied. The results show that by more flow expansion and crossing the saturated state of condensable components, the thrust coefficient improves up to 6%. This improvement decreases by increasing the H2O2 concentration in the reaction chamber for a fixed nozzle expansion ratio. Due to the small growth of droplets during the free molecular regime of the droplet growth in the high-speed flow, the non-equilibrium condensation continues until the nozzle outflow. In addition, although all the profiles have the same expansion ratio for nucleation start, increasing the nozzle length results in larger nano-droplets, more liquid mass fraction formation up to 4%, and moving the Wilson point to the further upstream sections in the nozzle.

Simultaneous identification of multiple animal-derived components in meat and meat products by using MNP marker based on high-throughput sequencing

Simultaneous identification of multiple animal-derived components in meat and meat products by using MNP marker based on high-throughput sequencing

Is Camphor the Future in Supporting Therapy for Skin Infections?

The aim of this review is to present the potential application of camphor-a bicyclic monoterpene ketone-in the prevention of skin infections. Skin diseases represent a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by prolonged symptoms that significantly diminish the quality of life. They affect the dermis, the epidermis, and even subcutaneous tissue. They very often have a bacterial or fungal background. Therapy for dermatological skin disorders is difficult and long-term. Therefore, it is important to find a compound, preferably of natural origin, that (i) prevents the initiation of this infection and (ii) supports the skin's repair process. Based on its documented anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-acne, anesthetic, strengthening, and warming properties, camphor can be used as a preventative measure in dermatological infectious diseases and as a component in medical and cosmetic products. This work discusses the structure and physicochemical properties of camphor, its occurrence, and methods of obtaining it from natural sources as well as through chemical synthesis. The use of camphor in industrial preparations is also presented. Additionally, after a detailed review of the literature, the metabolism of camphor, its interactions with other medicinal substances, and its antimicrobial properties against bacteria and fungi involved in skin diseases are discussed with regard to their resistance.

Evaluation of internship program Kampus Merdeka in the community-based total sanitation facilitator field at community health center Dr. Soetomo

The MSIB Kampus Merdeka program is a program that plays a role in bridging and securing the availability of quality talent for national industries that need alternative solutions to obtain talent that meets the qualifications and fits the culture of the organization so that they can make a real contribution over a long period. However, in the implementation of the internship program by the Surabaya City Health Office partners in the field of Community-Based Total Sanitation facilitators, there are still discrepancies in several components. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the Merdeka Campus Internship program at the Surabaya City Health Office for the Community-Based Total Sanitation Facilitator field. This research is a type of evaluative research with a qualitative descriptive approach using the CIPP Model (Context, Input, Process, Product). Data was obtained through interviews and observations. Data analysis techniques by presenting data in the form of descriptions and verified by concluding. The results of the evaluation based on 4 components show that the content component is not yet appropriate in terms of background and program objectives, the input component is still lacking in human resources and the use of facilities and infrastructure, the process component is in accordance with the specified operating hours and the evaluation of activities carried out is not optimal, the product component is still largely developed due to the limited role of student interns. This study concludes that there are still elements in several components that are evaluated that are still not in accordance with the program plan.

Species-level understanding of the bacterial community in Daqu based on full-length 16S rRNA gene sequences

Daqu is used as the fermentation starter of Baijiu and contributes diversified functional microbes for saccharifying grains and converting sugars into ethanol and aroma components in Baijiu products. Daqu is mainly classified into three types, namely low (LTD), medium (MTD) and high (HTD) temperature Daqu, according to the highest temperatures reached in their fermentation processes. In this study, we used the PacBio small-molecule real-time (SMRT) sequencing technology to determine the full-length 16 S rRNA gene sequences from the metagenomes of 296 samples of different types of Daqu collected from ten provinces in China, and revealed the bacterial diversity at the species level in the Daqu samples. We totally identified 310 bacteria species, including 78 highly abundant species (with a relative abundance >0.1% each) which accounted for 91.90% of the reads from all the Daqu samples. We also recognized the differentially enriched bacterial species in different types of Daqu, and in the Daqu samples with the same type but from different provinces. Specifically, Lactobacillales, Enterobacterales and Bacillaceae were significantly enriched in the LTD, MTD and HTD groups, respectively. The potential co-existence and exclusion relationships among the bacteria species involved in all the Daqu samples and in the LTD, MTD and HTD samples from a specific region were also identified. These results provide a better understanding of the bacterial diversity in different types of Daqu at the species level.

USE OF DIGITAL DOUBLE FOR COMPONENT MANUFACTURING

One of the contemporary approaches to production planning involves the application of digital twins technology, which aims to combine information from a real physical object and its virtual counterpart. The integration and synchronization of this information enable the realization of the manufacturing process with real-time tracking of the current state of the product and production. Utilizing the capabilities of modern computer technologies and digital twins creation technology allows for the assessment of the manufacturing process and its shortcomings even at the creation stage. The digital twins of the physical production process enable timely evaluation of design efficiency, avoidance of costly physical reconfigurations, attainment of maximum efficiency, shortened timelines, and reduced implementation costs through optimization. The model of the assembly process constructed in this way reflects the essential components and sequences. The foundation for implementing the digital twins of production is the model of the product itself, which serves as an integral part and basis of the entire digital model. Assessing the assembly of such a product objectively, its constituent elements, and the sequence of their assembly, allowed for the formulation of a description of the digital model of product assembly. The language used to describe the model is based on sets of relation types between components, assembly units of the product, and the constraints imposed on them within the given assembly. Such analytical notation of product components reflects the assembly process and constitutes a model of the technological assembly sequence. The proposed linguistic description of the product and the digital twins of the design enable the formalization of the three-dimensional assembly process during the design of assembly units and products, allowing for the modeling of their assembly process at the stage of design engineering.

Food Chemicals and Epigenetic Targets: An Epi Food Chemical Database.

There is increasing awareness of epigenetics's importance in understanding disease etiologies and developing novel therapeutics. An increasing number of publications in the past few years reflect the renewed interest in epigenetic processes and their relationship with food chemicals. However, there needs to be a recent study that accounts for the most recent advances in the area by associating the chemical structures of food and natural product components with their biological activity. Here, we analyze the status of food chemicals and their intersection with natural products in epigenetic research. Using chemoinformatics tools, we compared quantitatively the chemical contents, structural diversity, and coverage in the chemical space of food chemicals with reported epigenetic activity. As part of this work, we built and curated a compound database of food and natural product chemicals annotated with structural information, an epigenetic target activity profile, and the main source of the food chemical or natural product, among other relevant features. The compounds are cross-linked with identifiers from other major public databases such as FooDB and the collection of open natural products, COCONUT. The compound database, the "Epi Food Chemical Database", is accessible in HTML and CSV formats at https://github.com/DIFACQUIM/Epi_food_Chemical_Database.

Information campaigns and ecolabels by environmental NGOs: Effective strategies to eliminate environmentally harmful components?

AbstractEnvironmental nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) are increasingly using strategies to encourage firms to eliminate product components (e.g., palm oil) that are harmful to the environment (e.g., rainforests) or to replace them with NGO‐certified sustainable components. Under what conditions do NGOs' information and ecolabeling strategies succeed in eliminating certain harmful components when these components contribute to the intrinsic quality of a product? The paper addresses these questions using a model of two‐dimensional vertical product differentiation in a market with consumers either informed or uninformed about the environmental quality of products and two firms that initially offer a product with the harmful component and a harmful component‐free product. We show that the information campaign plays a crucial and effective role in improving environmental quality, although the optimal share of informed consumers for the NGO is large but not always 100%. Ecolabeling cannot replace the information campaign. It is only a complementary tool to an intensive information campaign. Used together, they can succeed in triggering the substitution of the certified sustainable component for the harmful one.

Chromatographic approaches to food quality control by chemical compo-sition

The article provides an overview of chromatographic methods, which, when used comprehensively, ensure food quality control and safety. It considers gas chromatography methods that allow analysing volatile components in products using a flame ionization detector, an electron capture detector, and mass-selective detectors (GC-FID, GC-ECD, GC-MS, and GC-MS/MS). The article provides a list of analytes that can be detected by high performance liquid chromatography in combination with refractometric, spectrometric, and mass selective detectors (HPLC-RMD, HPLC-UV, HPLC-SPD, HPLC-MS, and HPLC-MS/MS). The study showed how ion chromatography and capillary electrophoresis with electrochemical detectors (IC-ECD, CE-ECD) can be used to detect ionogenic compounds. It highlighted the importance of thin layer chromatography (TLC) in combination with optical digital colour recording devices in the qualitative and quantitative analysis of contaminants in food products. Since it has been established that micro- and nanoplastics have a negative impact on human health, it is very important to detect these particles in food products. This task can be solved by using gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and hydrodynamic chromatography (HDC), as well as the method of field-flaw fractionation (FFF). It was shown that the GC-MS method is now becoming a priority instrumental method used in accredited analytical laboratories to identify impurities of contaminants in agricultural products. The pyrolytic GC-MS method is promising in this regard. The pyrolytic cell does not require the transfer of a solid sample into a solution for its analysis. The paper considers extraction and sorption methods for the preparation of samples for chromatographic analysis. A variety of liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) and solid-phase extraction (SPE.) methods are most commonly used. Recently, the QuEChERS method has been developed and widely implemented. The overview is primarily based on the papers dedicated to chromatography and related separation methods published by researchers belonging to Voronezh scientific schools.

Usulan Klasifikasi ABC dan Penerapan 5R Terhadap Efisiensi Waktu Kerja Pada Gudang Arsip di PT. XYZ

XYZ is a company engaged in stamping & tools that produces various product components for 4 (four) wheeled vehicles. The high time to search for archives in a messy archive warehouse causes time wastage which results in increased labor costs so that repairs need to be made using the ABC classification method and the application of 5R. The company managed to rearrange the messy archive warehouse into a tidier and efficient working time from 58 minutes to 27 minutes or 53.4% and resulted in a decrease in labor costs with a value of Rp. 14,105.00 or 53.4%..

Banking sector and economic growth in the digital transformation era: insights from maximum likelihood and Bayesian structural equation modeling

PurposeIn the digital era, the banking sector has transformed into a powerful intermediary, effectively connecting surplus and deficit units. This dynamic landscape empowers savers to secure their finances and generate returns, while simultaneously enabling businesses and individuals to access capital for investment and promoting economic growth. This study explores the relationships among banking development dimensions – represented by primary assets and liabilities, bank capital (core capital and required reserves) and economic growth as measured by components of gross domestic product (GDP).Design/methodology/approachThe study consolidated monthly balance sheets from digital banks over a 20-year period, resulting in an aggregate monthly balance sheet that reflects the financial position of all digital banks in the Palestinian economy. The research employs both maximum likelihood and Bayesian structural equation modeling to measure the causal pathways of the consolidated balance sheet with the individual components of GDP.FindingsThe results revealed that bank main assets (investments and loans) and liabilities (deposits) collectively explain for 97% of bank capital. Investments and loans demonstrate significant negative correlations with bank capital, while deposits exhibit a positive impact. This leads to a fundamental conclusion that a substantial proportion of retained earnings within the banking sector is reinvested, fueling expansion and growth. Additionally, the results showed a significant relationship between bank capital and various GDP components, including private consumption, gross investment and net exports (p = 0.000). However, while the relationship between bank capital and government spending was insignificant in the maximum likelihood estimation, Bayesian estimation revealed a slight yet positive impact of bank capital on government spending.Originality/valueThis research stands out due to its unique exploration of the intricate relationship between bank sector development dimensions, primary assets and liabilities and their impact on bank capital in the digital era. It offers fresh insights by dividing this connection into specific dimensions and constructs, utilizing a comprehensive two-decade dataset covering the digital banks records.