Procurement Stage Research Articles

STANDARISASI MANAJEMEN PENGELOLAAN OBAT DI INSTALASI FARMASI RUMAH SAKIT UMUM DAERAH

Medicine management is a cycle in providing medicines which has four stages: selection, planning and procurement, distribution, and use. The objective of the research was to find out the standardization of medicinal managementin the IFRS of RSUD H. Sahudin, Kutacane, Aceh Tenggara regency. Quantitative and qualitative data were gathered from observation on documents and inteviews with IFRS personal. All stages of medicine management in the IFRS were measured by using an indicator of Depkes and WHO and compared with the result of the research. The results of the study showed that the drug management system according to the standard drug selection stage was in accordance with the standards set by the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia (2008). The planning stage has not met the standards set by WHO. The procurement stage has not met the standards set by the Indonesian Ministry of Health (2008). The distribution stage has not met the standards set by WHO (1993). The use stage has not met the standards set by WHO (1993). In order to increase the knowledge of officers about the calculation of drug management standards in hospitals.

Istoricheskie aspekty razvitiya dolzhnostnyh prestuplenij v byudzhetnoj sfere Rossii i v sisteme goszakupok

The article is devoted to the historical aspects of the development of official crimes in the budgetary sphere of Russia and in the public procurement system. Crimes committed in the public sector and in the public procurement system by persons using their official position did not arise overnight. Various factors of an objective and subjective nature contributed to the negative development of this crime, as well as a long time, calculated in the history of our country for hundreds of years. Of particular interest are the corruption-related crimes themselves, manifested at the stages of state and municipal procurement, where, due to the high latency of the criminally punishable acts under consideration and the difficulties of obtaining primary information at the stages of their preparation and commission, their subsequent comprehensive documentation by law enforcement officers of the Russian Federation seems difficult.

Operational model for minimizing costs in agricultural production systems

Due to the increase of global demand of agriculture and agro-industrial products, agriculture has undergone some changes in the stages of procurement, planning, planting, maintenance, harvesting, transport and distribution. The use of formal mathematical model has been employed to evaluate and implement improvement policies and strategies. In this paper, we present a Mixed Integer Nonlinear Programming Problem model to solve the planning of agricultural production systems in the stages of sowing, crop maintenance and harvesting. The objective function seeks to minimize the cost of resources and wastes generated in operations. The minimization is inspired by lean manufacturing wastes but newly applied in agricultural production. The proposed approach is validated using data for the planning of bananas farmers in the Caribbean region of Colombia. While a deterministic solution is obtained, sensitivity analyses are carried out to evaluate different scenarios for production based on surface response methodology.Model offers a reduction of cost near 59% of cost relationed with wastes of production, moreover, we can find an alternative for scheduling operations in agricultural production based in the most important resources and tasks required along of production in agriculture.

Planning as a basis for effective financial support of public procurement

The article substantiates the importance of planning public procurement, expressed by the legal possibility of solving the assigned tasks in a timely manner by concentrating resources on priority areas. Despite the fact that public procurement planning is designed to ensure effective management at all stages of procurement, including management decisions, insufficient attention is paid to aspects of legal regulation and financial support for procurement planning, which reduces the overall effect in this area. Moreover, public needs in the procurement planning process can be overridden by departmental needs or the private interests of an individual official or a group of individuals. The essence of planning public procurement in Russia is investigated by using the methods of consistency, analysis, synthesis, and the comparative legal method. As a result of the study, the main features that characterize the specifics of planning public procurement have been identified; among them are universality, balance, bureaucracy, and ensuring public interest. Highlighting such basic elements of public procurement planning as goal setting, planning depth, accounting and coordination of public and private interests, adaptation, and discretion allowed to formulate a proposal for implementing prospective procurement planning. At the same time, it was proposed to understand the prospective procurement plan as an independent document, approved after funding (allocation of budget funds), and ensuring the implementation of management decisions within the framework of goal setting and synchronization of public and private interests for the medium and long term. The authors hypothesis was confirmed that prospective procurement planning is aimed at synchronizing public and private interests, integrated into the budget process system, resource supply of the country, or a separate entity.

Procurement of facilities management services designated for office buildings of airline corporate organisations in Asia

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to enhance decision-making process for the procurement of facilities management (FM) services within aviation corporate organisation, where the FM services functions to support the business operation. It builds on considering the fundamental elements comprising the FM procurement process from the aviation perspective.Design/methodology/approachThe paper investigates the characteristics of the different types of sourcing approaches and the underpinning factors affecting its selection for the procurement of FM services within the aviation industry. The decision-making framework for the procurement of FM services is developed based on the qualitative case study by interview and focus group discussion with the custodian department that is directly involved in the procurement of FM services.FindingsThe degree of outsourcing is increasing due to corporate organisation’s persona. Procurement of FM services is a complex process required detailed review, efforts and time in choosing the right sourcing approach. Off the shelf guidelines for the procurement of FM services suits property professional which directly involved with the procurement of FM services. However, decision-making process for the procurement of FM services specifically for aeronautical and non-aeronautical corporate organisation are rarely found. The case study findings signify that the respondents are familiar with the in-sourcing, outsourcing and right sourcing approaches. The underpinning factors affecting sourcing approaches were categorised according to the main reasons for the procurement of FM services, considerable factors during the procurement stage and value-adding criteria. The use of strategic management tools is not widely imposed, and intelligent client guideline is not available. Hence, the decision-making framework has been developed to fill the gap in this study.Research limitations/implicationsThe research is based on a study of aviation or airline corporate organisation, which limits the possibility of holistic view to the FM industry as a whole but highlights the research gap of FM procurement which is scarce within the case study of airline companies. The focus area is also bounded within the procurement of FM services designated for the office buildings.Originality/valueThe paper provides initial guideline for the airline company in sourcing the procurement of FM services that were developed based on established guidelines from accrediting bodies and scholars, as well as from the sampling feedback analysis. It is also among the firsts that examine the procurement of FM services in the context of aviation or airline industry. The outcome of this paper is a decision-making framework for the procurement of FM services that is specially designed for the airlines corporate organisations, which fills the gap that exists in the industry.

IMPROVING OF PROCESSES OF TRANSPORT AND LOGISTICS ACTIVITY BY APPLYING ELECTRIC VEHICLES IN SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT

Formulation of the problem. Within the functional areas of logistics, operations and functions related to purchasing, production and sales are carried out. Moving raw materials, semi-finished products and finished products are possible in the case of the use of vehicles, which adequately reflects the practical importance of the concept of transport and logistics activities. Therefore, to achieve optimization of logistics functions and operations, and, as a consequence, the goals of logistics, an important aspect is the choice of modern vehicles for the transportation of goods. Vehicle operations usually represent the largest total logistics cost due to the purchase of fuel and lubricants, proper organization of vehicle service, including the timely and comprehensive performance of all types of maintenance. In this regard, the concept of introducing electric vehicles is rapidly developing in the world, changing the idea of possibilities of an electric car not only as an individual vehicle for transportation but also as a transport, acquires relevance in the field of logistics and freight transport. The purpose of the work is to analyse the current state of the electric vehicle industry in the world and Ukraine. As well as to substantiate ways to optimize the use of electrically powered vehicles in supply chain management, depending on their technical characteristics.Results. Samples of electric vehicles produced in the EU and the USA are shown. The possibility of using electric vehicles as the main vehicles is considered, provided that their dispersion in the middle of the supply chain is taken into account. A scheme for the use of electric vehicles in the supply chain management process is proposed, which covers the dispersion of electric vehicles following the functional areas of logistics. The proposed scheme for the use of electric vehicles in the supply chain management process, taking into account the functional areas of logistics, has established that it is most expedient to use electric vehicles with a carrying capacity of 1,75−36 tons at the stages of procurement and production, and additionally with a carrying capacity of up to 1,75 tons to distribution points. Electric vehicles with a carrying capacity of up to 700 kg can be effectively used to provide services and technical support in the process of supply chain management. The scientific novelty of the research is that, for the first time, using the "Model of one vehicle on the route", the dependence of the stay time of electric vehicles Renault Kangoo Z.E., Volkswagen e-Crafter and Tesla Semi in the operating conditions of the route, on the distance of transportation was obtained.

Конкурентна політика держави: проблеми реалізації та рекомендації щодо удосконалення

Обґрунтовано суть, принципи і особливості конкурентної політики. На основі аналізу звітності Західного Міжобласного територіального відділення Антимонопольного комітету України визначено головні проблеми реалізації конкурентної політики в умовах сучасних соціально-економічних викликів. Визначено головні напрямки удосконалення конкурентної політики, спрямовані на розвиток конкуренції, демонополізацію потенційно конкурентних та монопольних ринків.

BIM Requirements in the Spanish Public Tender—Analysis of Adoption in Construction Contracts

The use of Building Information Modeling (BIM) is increasingly widespread within the Architecture, Engineering, Construction & Operations (AECO) sector. BIM allows the construction of a digital scale model of the asset to be built, ensuring the early detection of conflicts and interferences, enabling communication between the different participant agents, and facilitating the processes in the maintenance and management phase. Studies on the subject are many and varied. However, very few works refer to the inclusion of BIM in the public procurement stage, one of the most complex and competitive stages within the asset’s life cycle. A bibliographic review has been conducted about the BIM situation in the AECO sector contracts, the existing problems and the possible solutions to implement. In the specific field of public procurement, Spain has made great progress, especially at the regional level. During 2020, a total of 440 tenders with BIM requirements were published, with an investment volume of EUR 752 million, which represents an increase of 230% compared to 2017. The aim of this research is to analyze the Spanish public procurement, highlighting the progress made so far in the implementation of this technology, as well as to develop a proposal of BIM requirements that, in general, could be used as a reference for tenders of the AECO sector in the country. With this objective, a selection of twenty relevant public tenders is made, covering both the building and infrastructure fields. The requirements address areas such as: BIM uses, BIM deliverables, model structure, Level of Development, Common Data Environment, classification systems, standards or quality control.

Use Of BIM In SLLC “Latvian State Roads” For Process Managment

BIM is an integrated set of building design, construction and management processes, technologies and regulations that allow all parties involved to jointly design, build and manage a building in a digital environment.In Europe, a common approach to the use and adaptation of technologies is currently being developed with the aim of providing a common regulatory framework that would promote the efficiency of technology application between the countries of the European Union. The use of BIM technologies is based on economic (financial) benefits. The financial benefits are estimated in the long run, and the main factors for financial savings are productivity and quality, which can be achieved by applying BIM technology and appropriate processes during the construction cycle (design, construction and management). Studies show that savings can reach up to 10% of construction costs.Currently underway is the process of implementing and configuring the Microsoft Dynamics platform for processing and using work information of SJSC "Latvian State Roads" (LSR). Microsoft Dynamics is a line of enterprise resource planning and customer relationship management software.In general, LSR intends to use the system in the following stages of the construction cycle:• Design stage• Construction procurement stage• Construction stage• Warranty periodMicrosoft Dynamic has both pros and cons for processing LSR information. Only after full implementation it will be possible to assess the effectiveness of this platform.Objective of the article is to explore how the use of BIM can improve the LSR work process and what happening at this moment in LSR.

Promoting Health and Safety in Construction through the Procurement Process

This study explored the impact of considering health and safety (H&S) in the construction procurement process based on the extent of H&S implementation on projects. Underpinned by information integration and rational decision-making theories, the study evaluated how the integration of H&S objectives into the overall project objectives, and the subsequent consideration of H&S matters in procurement decisions, influence H&S implementation on projects. Data were collected using questionnaire surveys from 287 respondents in Ghana who had direct involvement in the project procurement process. The survey explored the extent of H&S integration into the procurement process and its subsequent impact on H&S implementation. Path analysis was carried out to determine the causal relationships between the various procurement processes and H&S implementation. The results demonstrate that setting H&S objectives and integrating H&S into the planning stage decisions have a significant impact on the extent to which H&S matters are considered in the tendering and tender evaluation stages, as well as the H&S provisions in conditions of contracts. It also showed that adequate H&S consideration in these procurement stages subsequently influences H&S consideration in contract administration and monitoring and ultimately influences the extent of H&S implementation. These findings demonstrate the importance of integrating H&S in all aspects of construction procurement to promote H&S implementation on projects.

The application and deployment of welfare technology in Swedish municipal care: a qualitative study of procurement practices among municipal actors

BackgroundWelfare technology has been launched as a concept to accelerate digital transformation in care services, but the deployment of these technologies is still hindered by organisational resistance, lack of infrastructure, and juridical and ethical issues. This paper investigates decision-making among municipal actors in the application and deployment of welfare technology from a procurement process perspective. The study explores the perceptions and negotiations involved in purchasing welfare technology at each stage of the procurement model, revealing the impact of technical, economic, juridical and ethical competence on the mapping, planning, procurement, implementation and management of welfare technology.MethodsThe study presents empirical findings from qualitative interviews conducted among municipal actors in Sweden. Semi-structured interviews were gathered in 2020 among procurement managers, IT managers, and managers in social administration in three different municipalities (n = 8). Content analysis and systematic categorisation were applied resulting in the division of procurement practices into sub-categories, generic categories and main categories.ResultsChallenges in the application and deployment of welfare technology occur at all stages of the procurement model. In mapping and planning, barriers are identified in the need analysis, requirement specification and market analysis. In the procurement stage, economic resources, standardisation and interoperability hinder the procurement process. Implementation and management are complicated by supplier assessment, legislation, cross-organisational collaboration and political strategy. Building on these findings, this study defines ‘procurement competence’ as consisting of technical, economic, juridical and ethical expertise in order to assess and evaluate welfare technology. Technical and ethical competence is needed in early stages of procurement, whereas juridical and economic competence relates to later stages of the model.ConclusionsProcurement competence is associated with the application and deployment of welfare technology in (1) assessment of the end-user’s needs, (2) estimation of the costs and benefits of welfare technology and (3) management of juridical and legislative issues in data management. Economic and juridical decisions to purchase welfare technology are not value-neutral, but rather associated with socially shared understandings of technological possibilities in care provision. Optimisation of procurement processes requires a combination of capabilities to introduce, apply and deploy welfare technology that meets the demands and needs of end-users.

A Contractor-Centric Construction Performance Model Using Non-Price Measures

Selecting a better performing contractor at the procurement stage is crucial in achieving a successful outcome for a construction project. The construction industry lacks a systematic and purpose driven method to assess performance of contractors using objective metrics. There are many approaches to measuring construction performance, but most are complicated and have high dependency on data that is difficult to attain. This paper aims to create a model for evaluating construction contractors’ performance based on directly attributable measures that are quantitative and easy to gather. This makes such a model more attractive and easier to use. Initially, a detailed literature review revealed different categories of measures of performance (MoP) and corresponding critical measures of performance (CMoP). Through a series of Delphi-based expert forums, the set of measures were fine-tuned and shortlisted. Fuzzy analytic hierarchy process-based comparisons were then used for developing a contractors’ performance model to quantify their level of performance based on a limited set of organisation-specific and project-specific measures. The results indicate a shift from traditional measures and a higher preference towards non-price measures. The performance model can be further developed to systematically rank the prospective contractors at the procurement stage based on seven non-price measures.

LAND PROCUREMENT FOR PUBLIC INTEREST IN LOCAL GOVERNMENTS WITH SMALL SCALE

<p><em>This study has purposes to find out how the mechanism of land procurement for the public interest in local governments, find out the obstacles and solve the problem of land procurement for the public interest on a small scale. Land procurement by the local government sometimes always collides with the stages of land procurement which is a very long process, but the land is needed immediately to support development. Small-scale land procurement is carried out on an area of no more than 5 hectares. Land procurement on a small scale for the public interest can be carried out without going through the determination of the location. The legal consequences are not being able to deposit compensation in court. This study uses a sociological juridical method, namely the discussion based on the provisions of the legislation. The results of this study are that the mechanism for land procurement for the public interest is carried out with accurate research and socialization so that the community understands the positive impact of development for the public interest and counseling so that the community understands the benefits of the project and participates in the success of project development for the public interest. Another obstacle in the implementation of land procurement is the existence of incomplete land ownership data or documents or no land ownership rights, the bureaucracy that guarantees legal certainty that the settlement of these obstacles is carried out with the active role of agencies that require land.</em></p>

MA’ÂYIR AL-ADAWÂT AL-TAQWÎMIYAH LI AL-KITÂB AL-MADRASÎ LI AL-LUGHAH AL-‘ARABIYAH LI AL-INDÛNÎSIYÎN : DIRÂSAH BINÂIYAH TAKÂMULIYAH

There are several problems regarding textbooks in Indonesia, especially Arabic textbooks. First, the procurement stage, such as the process of writing, obtaining texts, evaluating, and publishing. Second, the distribution stage such as access to textbooks, and purchasing power of textbooks. Third, the stage of the use of books which covers the confusion of teachers in using textbooks and the period of use of school books. The aspects of the evaluation of textbooks will be important in the future. Therefore, this research aims to construct instrumental assessment of arabic teaching books from national and international perspectives. This is important to do as an effort to obtain quality Arabic textbooks with international insight. This research uses a Research and Development (R & D) approach and content analysis. The results of this study show that the Arabic textbook assessment instrument made by the National Education Standards Agency (BSNP) and the American Council on Teaching of Foreign Languages (ACTFL) is still lacking because it does not accommodate all the points and basic elements contained in a Arabic textbooks as a Foreign language. So, the construction of a comprehensive integrated integrative Arabic textbook assessment instrument is absolutely necessary in order to obtain good and quality Arabic textbooks.

IoT-enabled stacked ensemble of deep neural networks for the diagnosis of COVID-19 using chest CT scans

The ongoing COVID-19 (novel coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic has triggered a global emergency, resulting in significant casualties and a negative effect on socioeconomic and healthcare systems around the world. Hence, automatic and fast screening of COVID-19 infections has become an urgent need of this pandemic. Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), a commonly used primary clinical method, is expensive and time-consuming for skilled health professionals. With the aid of various AI functionalities and advanced technologies, chest CT scans may thus be a viable alternative for quick and automatic screening of COVID-19. At the moment, significant advances in 5G cellular and internet of things (IoT) technology are finding use in various applications in the healthcare sector. This study presents an IoT-enabled deep learning-based stacking model to analyze chest CT scans for effective diagnosis of COVID-19 encounters. At first, patient data will be obtained using IoT devices and sent to a cloud server during the data procurement stage. Then we use different fine-tuned CNN sub-models, which are stacked together using a meta-learner to detect COVID-19 infection from input CT scans. The proposed model is evaluated using an open access dataset containing both COVID-19 infected and non-COVID CT images. Evaluation results show the efficacy of the proposed stacked model containing fine-tuned CNNs and a meta-learner in detecting coronavirus infections using CT scans.

EVALUASI MANAJEMEN PENGELOLAAN OBAT TAHAP SELECTION DAN PROCUREMENT DI PUSKESMAS CEMPAKA PUTIH TAHUN 2018

In the process of drug management management, the selection stage is a very decisive initial stage in drug planning where at this stage the selection of drugs is really needed for most disease patterns, which must refer to DOEN and FORNAS. Furthermore, the planning and procurement stages are carried out. This study aims to determine the suitability of drugs available with DOEN 2017 and FORNAS TK.1 2017 and the suitability of drug requests with drugs received at Cempaka Putih Public Health Center in 2018. This type of research is descriptive research by collecting case reports. The population in this study is RKO JKN & LPLPO data based on the APBD for the period December 2017-November 2018 and JKN for the period January-December 2018. The sampling technique is using saturated sampling technique. The instrument used in this study used an observation sheet. Based on the results of the study, the results of the suitability of drugs with APBD funds refer to DOEN (45.59%), and with FORNAS (49.04%), the suitability of drugs with JKN funds with Fornas (50%) and with DOEN (55.55%), suitability of drug demand and acceptance in LPLPO APBD (44.70%), suitability of drug demand and receipt at RKO JKN (28.12%).

Evaluasi Pengadaan Obat Berdasarkan Pelayanan Distributor Farmasi Di RSIA Kemang Medical Care Jakarta Selatan Periode Juli Desember 2019

Drug management is one of the pharmaceutical management in the Hospital which is very important in the overall service. Stages of drug management in the Hospital include the stages of selection, planning, procurement, receiving, storage, distribution, and use of drugs. Patnership with Pharmacy Wholesalers needs special attention because it can influence the procurement of pharmaceutical preparations in hospitals. This study aimed to the determine the process of prucurement of drugs based on distributor services (Pharmaceutical Wholesalers) at RSIA Kemang Medical Care. Retrospective data collection methods. The sample includes data on Drug Purchase Requests for the period July 1 - December 31 2019 for weekly defects made by the Pharmacy Installation of RSIA Kemang Medical Care every Monday, totaling 302 samples. Service Level based on the type / order item for 13 Pharmaceutical Wholesalers (PBF) 88,55% - 98,43% Supplier Service Level based on the precentage of the number of pharmaceutical preparations there are Pharmaceutical Wholesalers (PBF) that have never been in accordance with the requested shipment, ranging from 2% - 100%. The factors that cause incomepatibilty are empty stoc at distributors and there is a shortage in shipping pahrmaceutical preparations.

A review of the causes of construction waste generation in Nigeria and recommendations

The causes of construction waste (CW) in Nigeria have been a major topic for researchers over the last 15 years. However, no effort had been made to analyse these studies to understand the trends. A structured review of 30 research studies investigating the causes of CW in Nigeria from 2005 to 2019 was therefore undertaken. The findings indicated that the majority of the articles were published in journals. Questionnaire survey and descriptive statistics were the dominant data collection and analytical methods, respectively. Geographically, data collection focused on Abuja and Lagos. There was a significant focus on the causes of waste generation in the construction stage rather than the design and procurement stages. Late design changes, purchase of substandard materials and inadequate supervision were the underlying causes of waste in the design, procurement and construction stages, respectively. It is recommended that future studies should focus more on minimisation solutions from different perspectives due to the potential increase in construction activities in Nigeria. This study will guide researchers and practitioners to understand the trends of studies on the causes of CW in Nigeria.

Tissue banks. World experience. The history of development and current approaches

The article outlines the main stages of the formation, development and specialization of medical institutions associated with the harvesting and procurement of allogeneic tissues, considers the global practice in the field of tissue institutions, taking into account medical and legal aspects. In the second half of the XX century, the tendency has developed towards the consolidation of tissue banks and the expansion of their functional capabilities within individual states. The development of this trend in the late XX - early XXI centuries led to the establishment of international tissue banking associations. The goal of international associations of tissue banks has been to develop cooperation, standardize procedures at all stages of tissue harvesting and procurement, and form an effective legislative framework. In the Soviet Union, the procurement of donor tissues was widely developing, but in the 90s, in our country there was an abrupt decline in this field. To date, in Russia, the harvesting and procurement of allogeneic tissues is carried out in only a few institutions; the development of tissue institutions is difficult due to the lack of an adequate legal framework. The article proposes to legally differentiate the concepts of "organ transplantation" and "tissue transplantation"; as an example, the US experience in this area is discussed.

Health and Safety Consideration in the Procurement of Public Construction Projects in Ghana

This study explored the extent to which health and safety (H&S) are considered in the procurement of public sector projects in Ghana. This is based on the background that procurement decisions have implications for project H&S management. The enormous size of public procurement projects offers opportunities for public clients to influence the behaviour of the construction market including the promotion of H&S through procurement. To date, no study has fully assessed the extent of H&S considerations in procurement decisions for public sector construction projects in Ghana. To fill this gap, this research has provided an evidence-based assessment of H&S considerations in the various stages of the procurement process for public sector projects in Ghana. Through a questionnaire survey, data were collected from construction industry professionals in Ghana. The data were subjected to statistical analysis to evaluate the extent of H&S considerations. The findings suggest that H&S is given low priority in the procurement of public projects, because clear project objectives relating to H&S are not set, and adequate consideration is not given to H&S at the various procurement stages. Based on the findings, this research has made recommendations to promote H&S in public procurement in Ghana.