RGAN donation and transplantation activities are dependent on legislation, attitudes of the general public and health care professionals, and the organization of transplantation units. Reports from countries throughout the world have emphasized the importance yet lack of studies on organ donation and transplantation. The limited amount of published information reveals a low level of knowledge and small numbers of actual donors, particularly in developing countries. 1– 4 Many factors contribute to this insufficient knowledge, which guides the attitudes and behavior of people toward organ donation and transplantation. These factors have been studied worldwide through a combination of polling data, simulation studies, and reports on procedures for requesting organ donation. Studies performed in various Islamic countries have shown that organ donation during life and after death is well accepted by Muslims; however, the concept of brain death is not well understood. This seriously affects the organ procurement coordinator’s ability to explain the concept of brain death to families. 2,5–7 One report from Spain revealed that the most common reason for refusal to donate was misunderstanding of the term “brain death.” The second most frequent reason was lack of knowledge of the donor’s wishes. Other reasons for refusal were families’ wishes not to donate, social issues, religious beliefs, and worries about the hospital and/or staff mistreating the body in some way. 8,9 Despite the dramatic success with and growing need for transplantation, the number of actual organ donors is significantly smaller than the estimated number of potential donors. In Turkey, the donor pool falls far short of the number of patients who need transplants. In recent efforts to expand the pool, a great deal of attention has been focused on the knowledge and perspectives of Turkish families and the general public regarding organ donation and transplantation. However, the outlook, behavior, and knowledge of university students, who are key actors in transferring information and raising awareness about organ donation in communities, have not yet been specifically investigated in Turkey. 4,10 –15 In this study, we assessed the knowledge, attitude, and behavior of university students in relation to organ donation, organ procurement, and transplantation. The purpose was to use this information to identify factors that limit organ donation in Turkey, and to then employ these factors to develop strategies and policies that deal with this issue.