Processes Research Articles

Integritas Badan Pemeriksa Keuangan Sebagai Supreme Audit Institution

The Supreme Audit Agency (SAI) is a vital element in ensuring financial accountability in many countries. In Indonesia, BPK is the Supreme Audit Agency which has integrity in fighting corruption, maintaining transparency and financial accountability, and strengthened democratic institutions. Unfortunately, the BPK faces a number of challenges in the issue of buying and selling opinions, tax audit limitations, and foreign debt, as well as limited institutional authority. This study applies a qualitative method that aims to evaluate the integrity of the BPK based on the dimensions of sound governance. Collecting data through literature studies and in-depth interviews. Data analysis through the stages of data reduction, data display and reference based on understanding the theoretical framework. It examines the integrity of BPK influenced by chellenges in quality and consistency of its actions. Dimensional processes still need to be optimized, such as the settlement of compensation by the treasurer, the use of SIPTL, the BPK Hearing Care Forum, and openness support from APIP. The dimensions of cognition and value have the similar challenges with ethical dimensions, namely integrity and transparency. The management and performance dimensions have challenges with the constitutional dimension of the word 'expected' which slightly hinders the fulfillment of the ideal quantity of quality human resources as BPK's backbone, a solution strategy to overcome the Minister of Finance's license, socialization and monitoring of BPK's opinion, as well as education on misperceptions regarding the assumption that WTP is clean from corruption and information technology. Financial Audit Examination with Financial Audit Examination.

Islam and Pancasila: Perspective of Indonesian Postgraduate Muslim Students

Pancasila as the basis of the state faces debates from nationalists and Islamic ideology followers in Indonesia. This is influenced by the development of theorizing about secularism, nationalism and theocracy. Considering the threat to the rise of communism and radicalism, this study aims to analyze the attitudes of Indonesian Moslem postgraduate students towards the principles of Pancasila. The number of samples in this study were 122 people from various Indonesian universities who were determined by random sampling. The data was distributed via Google Form and processed qualitatively descriptively. This study found that the majority of postgraduate Moslem students accepted affection, cognition and conation of each Pancasila precept. The level of respondent acceptance of Pancasila was 70-90%. There were some people who still do not accept Pancasila as an ideology but it was only in small number, 2.45% for those who strongly disagree and 7.42% who disagree. Pancasila is accepted by most Indonesian Moslem postgraduate students. The results of the research contribute in providing a new understanding of Pancasila as well as the young generation of Moslem. However, there is many limitation in this research in reaching bigger and wider respondents. Further research on this topic is very welcomed.

Endoplasmic Reticulum and Its Significance in Periodontal Disease.

The endoplasmic reticulum has emerged as a modulator that is essential for cellular homeostasis and human health. It is an extensive membranous organelle that acts as a hub for the physiological and pathological processes. In recent years, it has become a topic of interest in studies on the relationship between endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis and system diseases. Periodontal disease is a prevalent chronic disease that affects tooth-supporting tissues, initiated by the interaction between pathogenic bacterial infection and immune defence and resulting in tooth loss. The endoplasmic reticulum participates in the responses to the fluctuating microenvironments in periodontal pathogenesis and regulates periodontal homeostasis. In this review, we present an overview of the significance of endoplasmic reticulum regulation as a multidimensional mediator in periodontal disease and highlight the potential strategies for periodontal regeneration.

Nanofluid Assistance in Machining Processes- Properties, Mechanisms and Applications: a Review

Nanofluid Assistance in Machining Processes- Properties, Mechanisms and Applications: a Review

On processing structure–conductivity relations in NASICON-type LiSn2(PO4)3

On processing structure–conductivity relations in NASICON-type LiSn2(PO4)3

Segmentierte Flow‐Prozesse zur Überwindung von Limitierungen der Ganzzell‐Biokatalyse in Gegenwart von organischen Lösungsmitteln

AbstractIn der modernen Prozessentwicklung spielt Biokatalyse eine immer gewichtigere Rolle, wobei die Benutzung von Ganzzellkatalysatoren häufig eine bevorzugte Form dieser Biokatalysatoren darstellt. Die Anwendung von Ganzzellkatalysatoren in organischen zweiphasigen Batch‐Synthesen ist jedoch oft durch Einschränkungen im Hinblick auf Stofftransfer, Emulsionsbildung, aufwändiger Aufarbeitung und damit verbundenen geringen Ausbeuten beeinträchtigt. In diesem Beitrag zeigen wir, dass unter Zuhilfenahme von segmentierten Flow‐Prozessen eine effiziente Ganzzellkatalyse in zweiphasigen Medien ermöglicht wird. Die Leistungsfähigkeit solcher segmentierter Flow‐Prozesse ist dabei exemplarisch an drei unterschiedlichen Biotransformationen dargestellt. Zum Beispiel wurde in einem solchen Flow‐Prozess eine 3‐fache Steigerung des Umsatzes von 34 % auf >99 % verbunden mit einer erheblich vereinfachten Aufarbeitung erzielt, die zu einer 1.5‐fachen Steigerung der Ausbeute von 44 % auf 65 % im Vergleich zum analogen Batch‐Prozess führte.

Ciencia, poder y regímenes de verdad en textos académicos sobre acceso a la profesión docente

El objetivo de este trabajo es poner en evidencia los efectos performativos-ideologizantes de los discursos científicos, en este caso, a través del análisis de textos académicos publicados en España sobre una temática muy específica: los “procesos selectivos para el acceso al trabajo docente” en el sistema educativo público. Epistemológicamente parte del supuesto de que las ciencias sociales en general y las educativas en particular han estado relacionadas desde su origen con los procesos de producción y reproducción del orden social. Por tanto, asumiendo la perspectiva bourdieana, la ciencia es abordada en este trabajo como un campo de poder que asume de manera explícita e implícita diversos supuestos con respecto al mundo. Metodológicamente se trata de un artículo de revisión desde una perspectiva histórica-dialéctica-crítica. De esta manera, los textos son analizados como expresión de intereses y posiciones diversas que forman parte de disputas vinculadas al campo educativo en particular o al orden social en general, lo instituido, “o político” en el sentido de Castoriadis (1996), poniendo en evidencia de esta manera una praxis política.

Inconsistent effects of sleep deprivation on memory function.

In this review article, we aimed to discuss the role of sleep deprivation (SD) in learning and memory processing in basic and clinical studies. There are numerous studies investigating the effect of SD on memory, while most of these studies have shown the impairment effect of SD. However, some of these studies have reported conflicting results, indicating that SD does not impair memory performance or even improves it. So far, no study has discussed or compared the conflicting results of SD on learning and memory. Thus, this important issue in the neuroscience of sleep remains unknown. The main goal of this review article is to compare the similar mechanisms between the impairment and the improvement effects of SD on learning and memory, probably leading to a scientific solution that justifies these conflicting results. We focused on the inconsistent effects of SD on some mechanisms involved in learning and memory, and tried to discuss the inconsistent effects of SD on learning and memory.

Parametric Optimization of Machining Criteria for Al 6068 Aluminum Alloy using in Manufacturing Process of Aircraft

In the aviation industry, it is essential to use parts that are lightweight but durable, and aluminum alloys generally provides effective solutions. In manufacturing processes, automation-based production techniques and robotic and efficient processing processes such as Computer Numeric Technique (CNC) are used, and it is important to define optimum production parameters. In this study, parametric optimization values of machining criteria were developed for the milling operation of AL 6068 aluminum alloy. For this purpose, Response Surface Method (RSM) was used for optimal solutions of parametric values and evaluation of relationships. According this, optimum processing parameters were determined to be 1521 rpm revolution speed, 0.4 mm depth of cut, and 197 mm/min federate. These manufacturing parameters were evaluated. A quadratic regression equation giving the surface roughness was created for this operation. At the end of the study, some suggestions were made regarding the improvement of production efficiency based on the parameters defined.

Effect of Food Processing on Total Antioxidant Capacity

Abstract Objectives Ultra-processed foods (UPF) make up the majority of energy intake in the United States. Consumption of these foods is correlated with poor health outcomes related to chronic inflammation. The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between food processing and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). It was hypothesized that TAC will be highest in Minimally Processed (MIN), lower in Processed (PRO), and lowest in Ultra-processed foods (UPF). Methods TAC (mmol/100g) data were obtained for 3,139 foods from a published data set. Food items were coded to agreement by the research team into three groups of the NOVA classification (MIN, PRO, UPF) as well as MyPyramid food groups (with alcohol and beverage groups added). A Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U Test were used to determine significance across and between groups, respectively, with an alpha of 0.05. Results The mean TAC of all three NOVA groups for all food items were significantly different (MIN: 11.66 ± 46.29; PRO: 0.85 ± 1.79; UPF: 0.80 ± 1.93; P < 0.001). While all MyPyramid groups had significant differences in mean TAC between food processing groups (P < 0.05 for all), Fruits, Alcohol, and Bean, Nuts, and Seeds supported the hypothesis. Whereas, mixed results were found for all other MyPyramid groups and did not support the hypothesis (i.e., mean TAC was not always lower in higher processed foods). Conclusions Generally, foods that were more processed were lower in TAC. However, this trend does not hold for all MyPyramid food groups which could be attributed to the varying food processing techniques (e.g., fortification and additives). The lower total antioxidant capacity, on average, of UPFs could be a mechanism through which consumption of these foods promotes inflammatory chronic disease. Funding Sources None.

Aquaporin 4 and brain-related disorders: Insights into its apoptosis roles.

Brain-related disorders are leading global health problems. Various internal and external factors are involved in the progression of brain-related disorders. Inflammatory pathways, oxidative stresses, apoptosis, and deregulations of various channels are critical players in brain-related disorder pathogenesis. Among these players, aquaporins (AQP) have critical roles in various physiological and pathological conditions. AQPs are water channel molecules that permit water to cross the hydrophobic lipid bilayers of cellular membranes. AQP4 is one of the important members of AQP family. AQPs are involved in controlling apoptosis pathways in brain-related disorders. In this regard, several reports have evaluated the pathological effects of AQP4 by targeting the apoptosis-related processes in brain-related disorders. Here, for the first time, we highlight the impact of AQP4 on apoptosis-related processes in brain-related disorders.

Complicated retroauricular fistula with external ear major dysgenesis. A case report

Branchial cleft anomalies are the second most common congenital head and neck lesions in children. The first congenital head and neck lesion is thyroglossal duct cysts. First branchial cleft anomalies are rare congenital head and neck malformations (8 % of branchial cleft anomalies). The initial clinical manifestation was recurrent infections and/ or discharge in auricular, periauricular, parotid or upper neck regions. These anomalies are extremely rare and other associated facial malformations were described. The computed tomography and magnetic resonance can help the diagnosis. The antibiotic treatment is indicated in acute infection. Also, incision and drainage are recommended in abscessed processes. In this report, we present a case of retroauricular sinus infection in a 6-year-old child with congenital ear anomalies.

Letters to the editor: Processes and pitfalls

Letters to the editor: Processes and pitfalls

A Critical Analysis of Underrepresentation of Racialised Minorities in the UK Dental Workforce.

This article analyses the underrepresentation of racialised minorities across the three stages of the dental workforce pipeline through the critical lens of power. The reformist view of power was used, which focuses on concealment caused by systemic biases. We observed adequate representation of racialised minorities in the first two stages of the pipeline; entry to dental schools and completion of dental education. However, the categorisation of diverse groups into a single 'BAME' category conceals the underrepresentation of Black people and those who experience intersectional forms of discrimination rooted in race, gender and class. We observed all racialised minorities to be underrepresented in the third stage of the pipeline; career development and progression. The data suggest that institutional processes are more likely to recruit and promote White1 people, and racialised minorities are more likely to be exposed to bullying and inequitable disciplinary processes. Consistently across dental institutions, as the level of seniority increases, the representation of racialised minorities decreases. Thus, senior decision-making and agenda-setting spaces in UK dentistry are overwhelmingly White. Multiple actions are suggested; including collation of comprehensive, inclusive data, widening participation and representation initiatives to help re-distribute the power dynamics towards racialised minorities and ensure equality of representation across the dental pipeline, including in senior spaces. We hope this will work towards putting some of the systemic problems that we see in dentistry; such as differential staff and student experiences, inequitable recruitment, promotions and disciplinary proceedings, and colonial dental curricula and research on the institutional agenda.

Biological and Chemical Atmospheric Emissions of the Biogas Industry

Actions of French governments on waste, resource and energy management force to focus on waste treatment and recovery process. Among these processes, anaerobic digestor offers significant advantages compared to other forms of waste treatment. It permits an organic waste treatment and a double valorization. The organic waste treatment enables the production of a digestate and a combustible gas fraction called biogas. The digestate, is an improved fertilizer, and can be enhanced by spreading or composting. Biogas can be valorized to produce heat or electricity. From this activity sector, energy production is expected to increase from 1,478 GWh in 2005 to 13,701 GWh in 2020 (Club Biogas ATEE, 2011). Anaerobic digestion is widely studied to understand its mechanisms at microbial level and to improve biogas production and process stability. However, health risk for workers in these facilities and for surrounding residents is very poorly documented. Gaseous and particulate emissions are also incompletely defined. Information on odor concentrations and biogas chemical /biological composition has been investigated. Nevertheless, no data on emissions from inputs storage locations or digestate was currently available. The EMAMET project aims to improve our understanding concerning the biogas production sector. Sources of gaseous and bioaerosol emissions will be researched and characterized on the whole production chain. The chemical composition of gaseous emissions will be completed by odor concentration determination. Biological emissions will be determined by molecular methods. From this information, specific biological and/or chemical indicators of this activity will be defined. In addition, 2D and 3D emission modeling will used to determine the influence zone of the biogas production implantation. To confirm this influence area a research of biological and microbial indicators around a pilot site will be realized. These data can help to assess health and environmental risks for workers and surrounding populations. This information is necessary to develop relevant sensors for control and monitoring of such emerging energetic processes.

Oxidative stress concept updated: Definitions, classifications, and regulatory pathways implicated.

Reactive oxygen species were discovered in living organisms in the early 1950's and their action has been implicated in diverse biological processes. First formulated by H. Sies in 1985[57], the oxidative stress concept stimulated substantial interest in reactive oxygen species and it is now common that fundamental research in various biomedical fields includes mention of research on the involvement of oxidative stress. Such strong interest has resulted in the development of definitions and classifications of oxidative stress and much research progress in the field. Although we clearly understand the limitations of various definitions or classifications, such parameters may help to provide quantitative descriptions, compare related processes among different laboratories, and introduce some measurable parameters. This paper highlights recent advances in the areas of oxidative stress definitions and the classification of oxidative stresses. Such items are directly associated with our understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in organismal responses to oxidative insults. The knowledge accumulated to date indicates that selective expression of specific genes is a central player in the adaptive response to oxidative stress and reversible oxidation of cysteine residues of sensor proteins is a key process regulating responses to oxidative stress.

Weathering of Outdoor Beech Wood and Methods of Conservation

The aim of this study is to highlight the appearance of deterioration resulting from weathering effects on the beech wood used in the ornamentation of wooden window grilles (Mashrabiya) in the Mosque of Prince Hassan, in Akhmim-Sohag and in the Mosque of Khawand Asalbay, in Fayoum, Egypt. This wood was accurately examined with a Digital microscope and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) to diagnose the deterioration processes on the surface of the wood. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) was used to identify the changes in the main components of the beech wood resulting from weathering factors. The chromatic change of the beech wood surface was measured by spectrophotometer and the results were calculated by using the CIE-L*a*b* system. Results showed the physical and chemical changes that had occurred in the degraded beech wood. The results helped to develop a treatment plan using already experimented materials that do not harm the wooden artifacts.

Image Processing System based on Deep Learning for Safety of Heat Treatment Equipment

Image Processing System based on Deep Learning for Safety of Heat Treatment Equipment

Processing and Quality Analysis of Seasoned Low-salt Fermented Styela clava Supplemented with Fermentation Alcohol for Extended Shelf-life

Processing and Quality Analysis of Seasoned Low-salt Fermented Styela clava Supplemented with Fermentation Alcohol for Extended Shelf-life

Progress on inheritance and gene cloning for rice grain quality in Jiangsu province.

In China, rice (Oryza sativa L.) is a major cereal crop of great importance maintaining the food security and sustainable agricultural development. Jiangsu is one of the main provinces for rice production. After more than 40 years of development, the yield and quality of rice grain have made great progress. Rice grain quality is a complex trait involving production, processing, marketing and consumption of the grain. In this review, we summarize the progress on the genetic basis of main grain quality traits in the rice variety breeding in Jiangsu province and point out the achievement of each milestone. With a focus on the genetic regulation of grain appearance, eating and cooking quality and nutritional quality, we describe the classic genetic rules and molecular basis of rice grain quality traits and review the function of major genes that regulate corresponding traits. The genetics and improvement of grain quality achieved in Jiangsu province was highlighted on the domestic and international rice breeding programs. In particular, with the advance of breeding conception in terms of functional genomics and genetic regulatory networks, the specific molecular design for grain quality improvement will be the future direction of rice genetic breeding program of Jiangsu Province.