Processing Plant Equipment Research Articles

Keadaan Hygiene Sanitasi Pada Pabrik Tahu Di Kelurahan Peguyangan Kecamatan Denpasar Utara Tahun 2021

Abstract : Food is a basic human need, as a form of human rights for every society. So, the availability must be sufficient from the level of safety, quality, nutrition, and have a price that is affordable to the community. Good Food Production Method is one of the important factors to meet quality standards or food requirements. The research was conducted at a tofu factory owned by Mr. Judin in Peguyangan Village, North Denpasar District. In the industrial location there are 4 workers with problems with poor sanitation conditions. The purpose of this study was to determine the state of hygiene sanitation in the tofu factory by looking at the sorting of raw materials, storage of raw materials, processing of tofu, transportation of tofu and serving of tofu using observational descriptive methods. Sanitation hygiene assessment is divided into 2 categories that meet the requirements and do not meet the requirements by assessing the sorting of raw materials, storing raw materials, processing tofu and serving tofu, namely 2.6-5 and 0-2.5. From the observation results, the sorting of materials got a score of 5, storage of materials 3, processing of tofu 3, transportation of tofu 1, serving of tofu 4. Selection of ingredients, storage of materials and presentation of materials had met the requirements. Processing and transportation do not meet the requirements. From the assessment, it meets the requirements. Must undergo repairs to complete sanitation hygiene components. Researchers suggest that managers and employees should carry out routine cleaning of the processing plant and production equipment used.

A mathematical model of reliability of technical service subsystem of a grain processing plant

Relation between the theoretical research of mathematical reliability theory application, the increase of operating effectiveness and the period of reliable operation of grain processing plant equipment is given.

Molecular serotyping and identification of the 85M gragment in different Colombian isolates of Listeria monocytogenes strains: A descriptive study

Introduction: Listeria monocytogenes is a pathogen acquired through the consumption of contaminated foods.Thirteen serotypes have been reported, of which 1/2a, 1/2b, and 4b are responsible for 98% of human listeriosis cases.This study examines the association between serotypes and virulent clones, offering greater information and providing tools to prevent and control diseases caused by L. monocytogenes serotype 4b.Objective: To identify the serotypes from L. monocytogene strains isolated from different samples by performing the molecular subtyping technique; to determine the 85M fragment that codifies for epidemic clone I.Methods : 108 strains of L. monocytogenes were used, isolated from samples of animals, body fluids, foods, and food processing plant equipment and spaces. The samples were identified by following the Bacteriological Analytical Manual protocol described by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The strains were identified by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) using primers and a standardized protocol from a previous research project. Serotype identification was performed by multiplex PCR. The determination of the 85M fragment of the SSCS cassette was done by following the protocol by Yildrim et al.Results : Of the 108 L. monocytogenes strains analyzed, 60.2% (65 strains) belonged to the 4b-4d-4e serotype, 17.6% (19 strains) were identified as 1/2a-3a serotype, 14.8% (16 strains) were 4a-4c serotype, 3.7% (4 strains) belonged to the 1/2c-3c serotype, and (3.7%) corresponded to the 1/2b-3b-7 serotype. It was determined that the L. monocytogenesstrains serotype 4b-4d-4e and 1/2a-3b have the 85M fragment of the SSCS cassette.Conclusion : This study reports the predominant existence of L. monocytogenes strains serotype 4b-4d-4e in food, environmental, and clinical samples. The presence of an epidemic clone I region was also found in L. monocytogenes strains.

A Systems Approach to Chile Harvest Mechanization

There is approximately a half century of published research on harvest mechanization of cultivars of Capsicum annuum var. annuum L. This review focuses primarily on research pertaining to chile for canning and fresh markets. Most of the crop is still harvested by hand, displacing production to locations where labor costs are low. Mechanizing chile harvest will require a systems approach, integrating research in plant breeding, production practices, and harvester and processing plant machinery design. Cultivars need to be selected for high determinant fruit set, low attachment force, and increased fruit wall toughness. Production practices need to be modified to cause the development of tall, well-rooted plants with minimal branching. Harvest machinery needs to be developed that is both aggressive enough to remove almost all fruit and gentle enough to minimize damage. Processing plant equipment needs to be developed to handle fruit that may have more foreign matter, some stems still attached, and will arrive in large batches. A fully mechanized harvest will not be possible until each part of the system is in place.

Multispectral detection of organic residues on poultry processing plant equipment based on hyperspectral reflectance imaging technique

Diluted organic residues, such as feces, ingesta and other biological substances on poultry processing plant equipment surfaces, not easily discernible by human eye, are potential contamination sources for poultry carcasses. Development of sensitive detection methods for diluted organic residues is essential to ensure safe production of poultry carcasses. Hyperspectral imaging techniques have shown good potential for detecting the presence of fecal and other biological contaminants on food and processing equipment surfaces. In this study, the use of high spatial resolution hyperspectral reflectance is presented as a tool for selecting a few multispectral bands to detect diluted organic residues on the surface of materials used for manufacturing processing equipment. Reflectance imaging methods were explored for use in the detection of a range of diluted organic residues for both wet and dry conditions. Results showed that low concentrations of wet and dry residues, diluted up to 1:100 by weight with double distilled water, could be differentiated from stainless steel background with accuracies of 94.0 and 99.7%, respectively. Spectral bands determined in this study could be used for developing a multispectral inspection system for sanitation monitoring of poultry processing plants.

Detection of Contaminants on Poultry Processing Plant Equipment Using Laser-Induced Fluorescence Imaging

Fluorescence techniques have demonstrated great potential for detection of the presence of fecal and other biological substances that can harbor pathogens. We used a recently developed laser-induced fluorescence imaging system (LIFIS) to demonstrate the potential use of fluorescence techniques for detection of a range of diluted poultry feces from various sections of the digestive tract, including gizzard, duodenum, small intestine, ceca, and colon, on processing plant equipment. The use of the LIFIS allowed tunable excitation in the visible with selection of emission wavebands for multispectral imaging. Thus, both fluorescence excitation and emission parameters can be optimized (e.g., 415 nm excitation, and 580 and 630 nm emission bands). The results showed that 1:5 and 1:10 diluted feces samples could be detected with 100% detection rates at the 580 and 630 nm emission bands regardless of feces types. Detection rates for 1:50 and 1:100 diluted samples at the 580-nm band were 96.0 and 89.3%, respectively, and those at the 630-nm band were 94.7 and 84.0%, respectively. Even minute amounts of fecal matter on processing plant equipment surfaces, not clearly visible to the human eye, could be detected.

Persistence of Escherichia coli in a poultry processing plant

Poultry processing plant equipment was sampled for Escherichia coli either sequentially during single processing runs or once weekly for 6 weeks. The biotyping of the isolations revealed a heterogeneous E. coli population. The majority of biotypes were identified on one occasion only and never on more than three occasions under both sampling regimes. Although a proportion of the biotypes were recovered from equipment after cleaning, it was concluded that thorough cleaning and disinfection procedures should control E. coli contamination of slaughterhouse equipment.

EMERGING FOODBORNE DISEASES

A review of the impact of change in food production, processing, and preparation on emerging foodborne disease problems is followed by the results of a survey which disclosed factors that contributed to 493 foodborne disease outbreaks during the last 10 years. The most significant of 18 identified factors were: failure to properly refrigerate foods; failure to thoroughly heat process foods; infected employees who practice poor personal hygiene; preparing foods a day or more before they are served; incorporating raw (contaminated) ingredients into foods that receive no further cooking; allowing foods to remain at warm (bacterial incubating) temperatures; failure to reheat cooked foods to temperatures that kill vegetative bacteria; cross contamination; and failure to clean and disinfect kitchen or processing plant equipment. The relationships of the identified factors to transmission of specific diseases are also discussed. Effective control of foodborne diseases must be based upon preventing the factors that contribute to foodborne disease outbreaks.