Organic Waste Processing Research Articles

Pengolahan Sampah Organik Dengan Metode Budidaya Maggot Di Kelurahan Larangan Indah

The increasing volume of waste generated by the community is a common problem that we often encounter in almost all big cities in Indonesia. Because it is necessary to process organic waste into goods that are useful and have economic value. Partners for Community Service Activities are the PKK group in Larangan Indah Village, Tangerang City. The purpose of this activity is to provide knowledge and understanding of the environmentally friendly movement through socialization activities and the practice of processing organic waste into compost and Maggot cultivation media for catfish food. The activity is carried out in 3 stages, namely (i) the first stage is theoretical debriefing and visual enrichment; (ii) the second phase of field practice to partners; and (iii) the third stage is in the form of guidance and assistance to partners. The target of this Community Service activity is to increase partners' knowledge and interest in processing organic waste, reduce the volume of organic waste in landfills, and provide business opportunities to partners. The results of the questionnaire assessment showed that training activities were able to increase partners' knowledge of the process of processing organic waste into compost and maggot cultivation, by an average of 85%. From the results of Community Service it can be concluded that processing organic waste using maggot is a very potential business opportunity, because in addition to reducing the volume of waste it can also provide added economic value.

Membangun Ketahanan Pangan Ternak Unggas melalui Budidaya Larva Maggot di Desa Binong Pamarayan Kabupaten Serang

Purpose: The increase in population has an impact on the increase in waste and becomes environmental pollution. Waste management often offered, so we initiated the productivity of waste management in a wise way, including cultivating the Black Soldier Fly (BSF) maggot fly. Food security for livestock has become an important issue because food prices continue to skyrocket. Binong Village, Serang Regency, is a village assisted by Bina Bangsa University in processing organic waste for the cultivation of BSF maggot flies. Its advantages include being an alternative solution for processing vegetable/fruit waste naturally (does not contain chemicals) and reducing the burden of animal feed. Methodology: The research method is through an active participation approach (Participatory Action Research), namely the involvement of researchers with local communities in order to develop groups of potential breeders. Results: The results of BSF fly maggot cultivation have contributed to reducing the cost of animal feed production, and reducing food waste (vegetables/fruits) so that they can be developed into national livestock food security.

Optimum factors of a renewable energy plant from poultry organic waste

The article presents the parameters of the device for renewable energy from poultry organic waste. The authors describe the experimental device for the anaerobic processing of poultry organic waste and the results of the implementation of the device. Broad considerations about obtaining alternative energy sources if the dilution mode is used for the first time in the device for obtaining biogas from poultry organic waste are given. Anaerobic treatment of poultry organic waste in a bioreactor was used to absorb odorous gases and to analyze the production of biogas at different temperature regimes by the method of dilution.

Waste Sorting and Organic Waste Processing Training at SD Muhammadiyah Banyuraden

Recently, garbage has become an emergency problem in Yogyakarta. The Piyungan integrated waste processing site was blocked so which there was a buildup of waste in several places. This makes the government and community immediately moved to deal with the waste problem. The waste processing and management movement began massively in the community. Similarly, this movement needs to be carried out in educational institutions because schools are part of the agents of change in society. The activity method is carried out by pretest and post-test assessment, education, and training by Mrs. Neni Widuri from Gowasari Training Center. The participants who participated in training and education were 12 people contained of teacher and staff. The activity was held at Muhammadiyah Banyuraden school. The purpose of this community service activity is to provide education and training for teachers and employees of Muhammadiyah Banyuraden elementary school (SD Muhammadiyah Banyuraden) regarding organic waste processing by making ecoenzymes. The assessment results showed that socialization and training activities had a significant impact on increasing participants' knowledge about organic waste management and its processing into ecoenzymes. The average increase in knowledge of 12 teachers and employees of Muhammadiyah Banyuraden elementary school was 49%. Community service activities are expected to bring changes to the school environment of SD Muhammadiyah Banyuraden and the environment around the school

Evaluation of integrated waste management by using of Waste Reduction Model (WARM)- (Case study of Amol-Noor region, Iran)

Lack of proper municipal solid management in the Northern provinces of Iran has led to damages to the natural resources, health, environment, social and economic conditions. Construction of solid waste processing plants such as compost and incineration, ignoring essential elements in waste management, cannot be as a successful strategy to solve the solid waste problems. Integrated management as a suitable and well-proved solution in many developed countries was proposed for Mazandaran province as a more reliable strategy to replace the existing conditions. In this paper, the results of study conducted for Amol and Noor region have been analyzed. Minimizing waste production, maximizing recycling and reuse, processing organic waste through digestion or composting process, producing refusing derived fuel (RDF) and using it in the waste incineration plants or Neka cement plant and finally disposing less than 10% of the waste in landfill is the proposed solution to improve the existing waste conditions. Implementing the proposed integrated management over a period of 20 years will lead to preventing from economic and environmental damages due to the loss of valuable natural resources and the release of various pollutants from landfills which is evaluated to be equivalent of about 28 billion dollars also, saving resources and energy estimated to be about 38 billion dollars.

Penyuluhan dan Pelatihan Pemanfaatan Limbah Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit Sebagai Sumber Energi Baru Terbarukan

At present energy sources are dominated by non-renewable materials which will run out over time, so it is important to introduce elements of society about renewable energy sources that can be obtained from the environment such as biomass from agricultural waste. Kampung Lantosan, Desa Gunung Bayu with a majority population of oil palm farmers as partners have not utilized organic waste when harvesting oil palm so that it accumulates and disturbs the comfort of the environment. PkM activities carried out in partner areas consist of counseling and training on the utilization of organic waste into energy. Through counseling and training activities regarding the processing of palm oil agricultural waste, partners have knowledge about the benefits of organic waste as an energy source and the ability to process organic waste into biopellets. The resulting biopellets are used as stove fuel or fuel in the gasification process to become syngas used by power plants. In addition to that, by utilizing the waste from oil palm agricultural crops, waste is reduced and the environment becomes cleaner.

Analisis Efisiensi Pengelolaan Sampah di TPA Losari, Wonorejo, Selomerto, Wonosobo

This research aims to analyze the efficiency of waste management at the Final Disposal Site (TPA) Losari, Wonorejo, Selomerto, Wonosobo. TPA Losari is a strategic location for waste management in the Wonosobo region and is under the supervision of the Environmental and Forestry Agency of the district. The study was conducted through direct observation of the waste collection, sorting, and management processes at the TPA. The results indicate that the monitoring and coordination by the Environmental and Forestry Agency focus on responsible and sustainable waste management at TPA Losari. Organic waste is processed through sorting and natural decomposition, while inorganic waste is sorted by waste pickers to support recycling efforts. There is also specific management for medical waste, requiring careful handling. However, TPA Losari is currently facing a "waste emergency" due to excessive waste and inadequate facilities and infrastructure. Therefore, the research also notes future plans to transform waste into reusable products, such as processing organic waste into compost and non-organic waste into paving materials. In conclusion, this research provides an in-depth overview of waste management at TPA Losari, Wonosobo, and identifies the issues that need to be addressed to improve waste management efficiency in the region. The findings of this study are expected to serve as a basis for developing strategic measures to address the waste emergency and enhance environmental quality in the Wonosobo area.

Eco-enzyme Aplication Based on Siamese Kintamani Orange (Citrus nobilis) Peels waste for Pemindangan Waste Treatment

Pemindangan is one of the traditional fish preservation efforts by boiling and salting methods that are mostly carried out by the people of Indonesia, especially in Bali. Pemindangan process does not only produce products in the form of pindang, but also produces residual products or waste that pollutes the environment. Eco-enzyme is a solution of complex organic substances produced from the fermentation process of organic waste, sugar, and water. Until now, research on eco-enzyme with the basic ingredients of orange peels is still very little. Differences in raw materials will of course produce different products. In addition, research to see the application or effect of eco-enzyme on waste, especially pemindangan waste has never been carried out. The research used an experimental method includes the manufacture of eco-enzyme and treatment of pemindangan waste with an eco-enzyme. A total of 6kg of samples of Siamese Kintamani Orange (Citrus nobilis) peels waste used for the manufacture of eco-enzymes were selected by purposive sampling. The eco enzyme was made by mixing Siamese Kintamani orange peels, water, and sugar in a ratio of 3:10:1, afterwards, the mixture was put in a closed container. Fermentation was carried out for 3 months. The treatment was given to the pemindangan liquid waste taken from Kusamba village as the centre of pemindangan in Bali and separated into 3 containers based on the treatment, namely treatment A without eco-enzyme, treatment B with addition of eco-enzyme 10%, and treatment C with addition of eco enzyme 50%. Eco-enzyme based on Siamese Kintamani orange peels waste can reduce the levels of TSS, TDS, PH, and ammonia levels in pemindangan waste, both at 10% and 50% dilution. However, the eco-enzyme is not able to reduce the BOD and COD parameters in the pemindangan waste. Eco-enzyme requires a longer therapeutic time to be an alternative chemical treatment for pemindangan waste.

Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Melalui Pengolahan Sampah Organik Menjadi Produk Eco Enzyme Pada Kelompok PKK Desa Gitik

Community service (PKM) is one of the concrete forms of higher education tridharma. This PKM activity was proposed on the basis of the lack of optimal utilization of organic waste. This service activity is carried out with the aim of empowering the community through processing organic waste into eco enzyme products in the Gitik Village PKK group. The method used is a participatory method, the implementation is carried out in several stages including, namely, material preparation, learning preparation, methods and learning and the results of processing organic waste into eco enzyme products. The results of the dedication show that the training activities have been able to perfectly improve the knowledge and skills of the community in processing organic waste into eco enzymes.

Processing of Organic Waste into Compost at the Hj. Sarwati Orphanage Yogyakarta

One form of the tri dharma of higher education is community service. The purpose of the training activities for processing organic waste into compost at the Hj. Sarwati's goals are to foster a sense of sympathy and empathy as well as social care in society, to grow insight into processing organic waste into compost and to establish friendship with the orphanage children. This waste processing is motivated by the large amount of organic waste around the orphanage, so that organic waste that is not utilized can become a useful material. The activities of the orphanage children here besides studying and reciting the Koran are raising livestock and gardening, so the activity of processing organic waste into compost is very useful. This activity is carried out several days until the organic waste becomes compost. The stages of the activity include the provision of theory on how to process organic waste, waste collection and processing. After the waste treatment process is complete, the waste is left in the decomposer tub for the maturation process to become compost. The results of the compost will be used for plant fertilizer in the orphanage's garden.

Pelatihan Pembuatan Pupuk Organik Cair dari Limbah Kulit Pisang

Environmental problems caused by household waste are issues that are often discussed. Instilling concern for the environment from an early age is very important for all parties, both from the school environment and the surrounding environment at home. This community service activity aims to provide education to MAS Al-Hamidiyah NW Sidemen students, Batu Layar District, West Lombok Regency about how to process organic waste so that it brings high value benefits from what was previously only as waste. The method used in this activity was training related to organic fertilizers, the content of banana peels, as well as demonstrating or practicing the material previously presented, namely on how to make liquid organic fertilizer from banana peels. Based on the results of the activities that have been carried out, it can be concluded that all participants who took part in the training could make their own liquid organic fertilizer, this can be seen from the patientness of the participants when practicing directly step by step the process of making liquid fertilizer.

COMPOSTING: AN ECO-FRIENDLY SOLUTION FOR ORGANIC WASTE MANAGEMENT TO MITIGATE THE EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE

Composting is the process of converting organic waste into a nutrient-rich soil amendment. It is an eco-friendly and sustainable way to manage organic waste and it can have a number of benefits for the environment. Composting can help to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, improve soil quality, and conserve water. It can also help to reduce the amount of waste that goes to landfills, which can help to protect human health and the environment. The inputs of waste for composting can include food scraps, yard waste, and other organic materials. These materials are broken down by microorganisms in a process called decomposition. There are a lot of decomposition technologies as not limited to, aerobic decomposition which requires oxygen, so it is important to turn the compost pile regularly to ensure that there is enough oxygen present. The processes used in composting can vary depending on the scale of the operation. However, all composting methods involve the following steps: Collection of organic waste, followed by preparation of the waste (e.g., shredding and chopping), then mixing of the waste with other materials (e.g., soil, sand, and micro-organisms), turning of the compost pile, then, monitoring of the compost pile (e.g., moisture content, and temperature), and finally, harvest of the compost. The outputs of composting are a nutrient-rich soil amendment called compost. Compost can be used to improve soil quality, increase crop yields, and reduce the need for chemical fertilizers. Compost can also be used to create a more sustainable landscape by reducing the need for imported topsoil. This review will discuss the benefits of composting and how it can be used to mitigate the effects of climate change. It will also provide information on how to start composting and the different types of composting systems and factors affecting the compositing process that are available.

Socio-economic and environmental aspects of bio-LPG and bio-dimethyl ether (Bio-DME) production and usage in developing countries: The case of Brazil

The production of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) from biomass, biogas or waste to produce so-called bio-LPG has the potential to be more sustainable with a lower carbon footprint than fossil fuel LPG. In Brazil 13.6 million m3 of LPG are consumed and 80% of this is consumed in the residential sector. Therefore, there is an opportunity to displace LPG and firewood with bio-LPG. The aim of this research is to investigate the socio-economic viability and environmental aspects of bio-LPG and dimethyl ether (bio-DME) production from waste in developing countries. Using Brazil as a case study, data on LPG demand and supply, as well as the cost of production has been collected in order to determine the size of the potential market for bio-LPG nationally. A review of scientific literature on bio-LPG and DME production is conducted in order to map the market potential of these new technologies. The availability of waste feedstocks for second-generation biofuels will be estimated as well as the potential yield of bio-LPG and bio-DME from different agricultural residues and waste products. Besides the commercialised process of hydrogenated vegetable oil (HVO) to produce biodiesel and bio-LPG, it is expected that the process of converting organic wastes (such as cellulose) into biogas and synthesizing LPG, as well the production of bio-DME from biomass waste have the greatest potentials.

Pelatihan Pembuatan Eco-Enzyme Menjadi Hand Sanitizer dan Pupuk Cair Organik di Desa Pucung

In 2020, waste in Indonesia reached 67.8 million tons, an increase of around 0.8 million tons from the previous year. As for the Special Region of Yogyakarta, it was recorded that there were around 6,917 tons of waste. This waste problem is also experienced by Pucung Hamlet, Bantul. This community service activity aims to solve the waste problem in Pucung Village and produce alternative natural products as hand sanitizers and organic liquid fertilizer during the COVID-19 pandemic. The implementation method begins with counseling techniques, training, and science and technology assistance. Innovation and creativity in making eco-enzymes are present as the best solution for housewives in processing organic waste into something more useful. Housewives can be more productive, can save more expenses and indirectly help the cleaners in sorting household waste into organic and inorganic waste. The training activity on making eco-enzyme was successfully carried out with indications of the enthusiasm of the community being quite large and increasing the awareness of the partner community about waste management. Through this activity, it is hoped that housewives can be more creative and innovative in processing household waste in the future.

Evaluasi Karakteristik Sensori Ekoenzim dengan Penambahan Khamir dan Kombinasi Kulit Buah

One of the main issues still faced by Indonesia is organic waste. This problem can be overcome by processing organic waste into eco-enzymes. Eco-enzymes contain alcohol and acetic acid, so they can be used as disinfectants and floor cleaners, dishwashing liquids, and detergents. This study aims to determine sensory characteristics such as aroma and color preferred by subjects for eco-enzyme production with the addition of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and fruit peel variations. All eco-enzymes were made from organic waste in the form of fruit peel mixed with sugar and water in a ratio of 3:1:10. To determine the effect of yeast addition, eco-enzymes were made with orange peel with 2 variations, namely: 1) with the addition of yeast; and 2) without the addition of yeast. In the analysis of the effect of fruit peel variations, eco-enzymes were made with 6 variations, namely: 1) orange peel; 2) orange peel and pineapple peel; 3) orange peel and banana peel; 4) orange peel and papaya peel; 5) orange peel and apple peel; and 6) a mixture of all fruit peels. After one month of fermentation, the obtained eco-enzyme products were analyzed for their sensory properties. According to the observations, the aroma characteristic of the obtained eco-enzymes is that all eco-enzyme products, on average, have a normal fermentation sour aroma, with the exception of eco-enzyme products with added yeast, which have a sharper alcohol aroma. Observations on the sensory properties of color showed that eco-enzymes have a characteristic color ranging from dark brown to light brown. Overall, most of the panelists preferred the aroma and color of eco-enzymes produced without the addition of yeast. Meanwhile, for different fruit peel variations, the panelists preferred the mixture of fruit peels compared to other variations.

Household Organic Waste Processing to Produce Eco Enzym at Kartosuro Christian Protestant Church (Gkpo), Sukoharjo, Central Java, Indonesia

In counseling in the form of community service for the Oikumene Protestant Christian Church (GKPO) Kartosuro which was carried out by a lecturer in the Environmental Engineering Study Program, Faculty of Engineering, Christian University of Technology Solo regarding the use of organic waste to produce eco enzymes, giving hope and benefits about utilizing good and sustainable organic waste. Processing organic waste from home also contributes to mothers in their respective households each to support the local government program of Sukoharjo Regency in controlling waste generation and producing eco enzyme products that directly benefit their respective families. The result of this community service activity is that PA GKPO Kartosura mothers received information on how to process organic waste into eco enzyme.

Peningkatan Kapasitas Masyarakat melalui Pengolahan Limbah Organik untuk Pupuk Tanaman di Pekarangan Perkotaan

The most sources of waste have been from households in urban area. The urban high population and daily food consumption effect the waste is potential to pollute the environment. Innovation of waste treatment should be applied by local community in urban area to reduce the household waste. This activity was a community service program UGM 2022 and supporting the Bantul Government program "Bantul free of waste 2025". The aims of this program were to improve community capacity and practice through household organic waste treatment. The activity was carried out at the Singosaren Padukuhan, Wukirsari Village, Imogiri, Bantul Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta (DIY), in April‒October 2022. The method of program in community were included of field learning by teaching and practicing, community assistance, and evaluation of implementation. The 35 participants of PKK group from Singosaren hamlet joined this program that divided into 6 groups from 5 neighbourhood organisation (Rukun Tentangga). Organic waste process can be processed through fermentation of fresh organic waste (FLOS) or ecoenzyme and into liquid organic fertilizer using the stacked bucket (POCET) for 2–3 months. The FLOS and POCET products of waste fermentation are used as liquid fertilizers for cultivating plants in their yard Pekarangan. FLOS can also be used as multi-purpose liquid cleaner for home appliances. The raw materials included of fruit rind and vegetable waste. The results have showed the community enthusiasm, community capacity on organic waste processing and its utilization independently in the community. The application of FLOS and POCET as plant fertilizer showed better growing of plants in urban home gaden Pekarangan.

Nutritional value of black solder fly (Hermetia illucens Linnaeus, 1758) larvae reared on fermented milk industry waste as an ingredient of fish feed

Black soldier fly larvae are omnivorous and have high activity of amylases, lipases and proteases in their gastrointestinal tract, so they are of interest concerning the processing of various organic industrial and agricultural wastes into biomass suitable for feeding farm animals. Black soldier fly larvae are a new protein-lipid component that seems quite promising for inclusion in the diet of fish, since its cultivation allows processing waste from various industries and agriculture. The protein obtained from black soldier fly larvae has been approved for use as a component of the feed ration for farm animals in the European Union, but the possibility of using black soldier fly larvae in aquaculture has not been fully studied and requires studying of a number of issues. In this study, the nutritional value of larvae grown using fermented milk waste was assessed by the content of fat, protein, moisture, macronutrients (K, Ca, Mg) and micronutrients (Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Co, Se), as well as amino acid composition. The content of fat, protein and water was estimated by the extraction/gravimetric method. The content of macro— and micronutrients was measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS). The amino acid composition was determined by a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method adapted to this task. Chemical analysis showed that the larvae are generally of nutritional value, but additional data on fatty acid analysis and vitamin content are required. In addition, it is necessary to test the feed on fish of various species and ages in order, in particular, to evaluate the effect of the studied component on the palatability of the feed, as well as the digestibility of the chitinous cover of the insect.

SOSIALISASI PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KUALITAS HIDUP BERSIH DI PONDOK PESANTREN NIDHOMUDDIN

Garbage that is not managed properly will cause pollution to water, soil and air pollution. Garbage is often a worthless item, causing no awareness of the existence of this waste. Pondok Pesantren Nidhomuddin, Negara Ratu Natar Village, South Lampung fosters approximately 140 students consisting of 60 male students and 80 female students. Pondok Pesantren Nidhomuddin have facilities such as 1 mosque, 7 classes each for male and female students, 10 bathrooms for male students and 18 bathrooms for female students. Based on the problems above, this activity was carried out to provide solutions to the problems faced by students in Pondok Pesantren Nidhomuddin. This service activity was carried out at Pondok Pesantren Nidhomuddin,Negara Ratu Natar Village, South Lampung. the steps of the community service activities carried out are preliminary studies and location surveys, mapping problems related to organic and organic waste processing, socialization activities and assistance related to organic waste management using the composting method and the ecobrick method for inorganic waste. The material presented in the socialization activity is related to what is organic and inorganic waste, waste processing procedures, organic and inorganic waste processing, environmental sanitation, and finally giving questionnaires at the beginning and end of the workshop activity to evaluate community service activities. Based on the results of the questionnaire given to the socialization participants, there was an increase in the knowledge of the students regarding waste management and environmental sanitation. It is hoped that the students can implement good and correct waste processing in Pondok Pesantren Nidhomuddin.

Development of Innovative Equipment that Use Solar Energy to Intensify Anaerobic Bioconversion

The relevance of developing methods for intensifying the organic substance anaerobic bioconversion process is shown. Priority microbiological and technical methods for intensifying anaerobic bioconversion are given, and technical solutions for implementing them are described. The aim of the work is to develop a biogas plant that uses intensification means and solar energy for anaerobic processing of organic waste to produce biohydrogen, biomethane and environmentally friendly organic fertilizers. The process flow diagram of the developed plant is shown together with the general views of its elements. The developed biogas plant serves to determine the optimal modes and parameters of its elements in order to accelerate the production of biohydrogen and biomethane, as well as environmentally friendly organic fertilizers. The developed plant can also accumulate solar energy in the form of biomethane.