Processing Of Available Data Research Articles

Simulation of the vulnerability of the steppe landscape and climate zone of Ukraine to climate changes based on space image data

Now, the whole world, including Ukraine, is facing one of the biggest environmental problems, namely, climate change. The steppe landscape-climate zone is one of the territories considered the most sensitive to Ukraine's current and future climate change threats. Studying the vulnerability to climate change of the steppe zone of Ukraine based on data from space surveys requires analysing a large amount of objective data, namely the products of remote sensing data processing. The article presents the results of combining remote sensing, geographic information systems, and multi-criteria decision analysis to identify vulnerable areas to the impact of climate change in the steppe landscape-climatic zone. This information will be used to recommend adaptation systems to modern conditions and reduce the impact of adverse climate changes. The proposed decision-making structure was developed in three stages: 1) collection and processing of available data from space surveys; 2) development of a model of vulnerability to climate change of the steppe landscape-climatic zone of Ukraine based on the method of analysis of hierarchies; 3) construction of the resulting map, which includes degrees of vulnerability to climate changes of the studied territory. Modern cloud processing methods for space survey data provide access to a large number of geo-informational products, including the characteristics of the earth's surface and the spatial distribution of climatic indicators accumulated over a long period. These products allow the processing of these data for large areas to be implemented quickly. This technique allows, based on expert assessments, to assess the combined impact of the most significant characteristics of the earth's surface and regional climate, prioritise their impact on the studied territory's vulnerability to climate changes, and implement its quantitative multi-criteria assessment.

Paleotectonic and paleogeographic criteria for forecasting hydrocarbon accumulations in the water area of the Sakhalin shelf

Background. The article considers paleotectonic and paleogeographic criteria for forecasting hydrocarbon accumulations and determining the sites of priority exploration on the Sakhalin shelf.Aim. To determine the priority objects of geological exploration on the Sakhalin shelf based on paleotectonic and paleogeographic criteria.Materials and methods. Generalization and statistical processing of available data, fieldwork materials, reference literature, and scientific publications. Modeling of the tectonic evolution of the Cenozoic sedimentary basin in the studied section of the Sakhalin shelf and its individual sections. The formation and evolution of hydrocarbon systems in the waters of the Sakhalin shelf occurred in the process of geodynamic evolution of the West Okhotsk megabasin covering modern Sakhalin and the adjacent water area. The PetroMod (Schlumberger) and Qgis software packages were used.Results. The developed paleotectonic and paleogeographic criteria are suitable for both determining the sites of priority exploration and developing appropriate recommendations. Schemes with the allocation of areas that meet the developed criteria were constructed. For all three license areas, the stage of prospecting and evaluation of the oil and gas deposits is required, along with the completion of the exploration and production stage at already discovered fields. Within the license areas, the most promising structures were identified and boreholes were outlined.

Розробка екскурсійного маршруту «Дорога до Шипоту» територією Закарпатської області

The article analyzes the definition of the concepts of excursion and its classification. Research of the natural resources of Zakarpattia Oblast, which can be used to create excursions and hiking routes in Zakarpattia Oblast. Based on the processing of available data, an excursion walking route "Road to Shipot" was created and its visualization is presented using available photo resources and electronic map applications.

Explaining the evolution of Iranian traditional house spaces based on distance measurement method of plan similarity vector

Analyzing the evolution of architectural plans has long been an issue of interest to all researchers and designers around the world, so how to create and develop traditional architectural spaces has been examined many times by researchers, but most of these studies have limitations in the number of plans or algorithms or data analysis methods. Now the question arises as to what method and tools can be used to create a process to provide a more comprehensive evolution and classification of traditional architectural plans, and therefore the ultimate goal of the research is to investigate and present a new classification, based on simultaneous processing of available data in these plans. But to achieve this goal, a distinct and combined research method has been used that includes quantitative, analytical and historical methods. In fact, the research hypothesis is based on the fact that with the help of image processing algorithms and mathematical formulas and numerical data in the plan, the purpose of the research can be achieved. Finally, the findings of this research show that it is possible to compare a large number of plans simultaneously by distance measurement method and using artificial intelligence and to extract a pattern from common and uncommon space dimensions.

Hydrotransport of river sediments in hydroelelators

The article considers the hydrotransport of river sediment in a cylindrical pipeline. To describe the nature of hydraulic phenomena, experiments were carried out for single-phase and two-phase flows. Based on the results of the experiments, the main hydraulic parameters of the suction pipeline of the hydraulic elevator were determined during hydrotransport of river sediment. Based on the processing of available data, as well as data from specially designed experiments, the dependences of the flow coefficient at the expiration of the slurry flow from the hydraulic elevator pipeline on the Reynolds number are valid, which are valid for certain limits of the change in Reynolds numbers. The design parameters of the hydraulic elevator are substantiated, calculation formulas are given for determining the characteristics of a hydraulic mixture consisting of a solid particle and a carrier fluid. The methodology for calculating the concentration distribution and the method for determining the bottom concentration are given. A calculation formula is proposed for determining the flow rate and flow rate of a hydraulic elevator slurry. As a result of the analysis of these experiments, the dependences of the concentration of solid particles on the relative pressure in the hydraulic elevator are established.

Relationship of Land Use History and Chemical Properties of Soils with Their Allelotoxicity

The influence of land use history and chemical properties of soils on their allelotoxicity has been studied. Twelve soil samples collected on the Russian Plain and seeds of six cultivars of spring wheat, as well as seeds of barley, rye, and triticale have been used in the study. It was found that different grain crops are inhibited in the same manner by toxic substances in soils. The allelotoxicity of soils differed in dependence on the previous land use and was much higher in the soils from agricultural fields, irrespectively of grown crops, than in the soils of long-term fallow and forests. These data allow us to suppose that crop rotation systems are not always sufficient to reduce soil toxicosis. In this context, the assessment of real soil fatigue (soil allelotoxicity) in the course of crop rotation is necessary. Statistical processing of available data attested to the influence of chemical properties of soils on the inhibition of seed germination and the development of seedlings.

Analysis Deformation Monitoring Techniques Using GNSS Survey and Terrestrial Survey ( Case Studi: Diponegoro University Dam,Semarang, Indonesia)

Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) are recently used in deformation monitoring aplications, e.g., estimating infrastructure and motion of crustal plate. The new improvement of GNSS instruments which allow high-precision with 24 hours availability data processing. Deformation measurement techniques were considered and mostly used by geodesy specialist will be reviewed. The need of doing the deformation measurements periodically in engineering structures will be emphasised. In this research, monitoring displacement on a dam structure were conducted using GNSS survey and terestrial survey base on Total Station and Waterpass. Analyses will be carried out with the focus of assessing the position precision that can be acquired using GNSS and terrestrial survey. This paper also emphasize the role of GNSS and terestrial application in deformation especially for dam monitoring.

ІНФОРМАЦІЙНА ТЕХНОЛОГІЯ ПОБУДОВИ ІНТЕЛЕКТУАЛЬНИХ СИСТЕМ ВИЯВЛЕННЯ ШАХРАЙСТВА ПРИ ІНСТАЛЮВАННІ МОБІЛЬНИХ ДОДАТКІВ

Information technology for the construction of intelligent systems for detecting fraud during mobile applications installations, which is desirable to use in developing such a class of systems, is proposed in this paper. The intelligent processing of available data by the user is done. The scaling which is based not on the value of the feature, but on the end-point information of the feature, is proposed based on this intelligent processing of the data. A system with an intellectual component - the formation of a knowledge base that will allow fraudsters to be identified and which will include anomaly analysis rules - was proposed, so that the emergence of a new anomaly in the data allows for the creation of a new rule. Such knowledge base can be expanded due to the possibility of an emergence of a new kind of anomaly in data (fraud). The received set of rules will allow creating a generalized fraudster's fingerprint, noting even the new and unknown for experts fraudulent patterns, based on the algorithms developed in the work. The classification of suspicious users to a class of fraudsters or organic users is made using fuzzy logic. The information technology for the construction of intelligent systems that will be able to adapt to the emergence of new types of fraud is proposed based on the proposed intelligent processing of available user data, the scaling by end-point information, and the development of knowledge bases. According to the tasks which should be solved by such intelligent systems, their structure is proposed: subsystem of user data characteristics identifying; subsystem of overcoming heterogeneity; subsystem of classification model training; subsystem of classification; subsystem of fraudsters database formation; subsystem of knowledge base (for detecting fraud) formation; subsystem of data mining and user patterns formation; subsystem of general fraudster fingerprint prediction. The proposed information technology for the construction of intelligent systems allows processing of various input data, which in the process gives the opportunity to form a generalized fraudster fingerprint.

Reductions in electricity losses in the distribution power system in case of the mass use of compact fluorescent lamps

The paper presents a method for the evaluation of the reductions in the technical and non-technical distribution losses in case of the mass use of compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs) in buildings in Serbia. The evaluation was based on an assumption that the two most used incandescent lamps in each of the 25–50% of the total number of dwellings in Serbia will be replaced with adequate CFLs, and that the same total number of lamps will be replaced in residential and non-residential sectors. A general methodology for the hourly estimation of the distribution loss reduction in case of reduced electricity consumption, based on the statistical processing of available data and on an integral (macroscopic) approach, is presented and used in the calculations. Such a methodology is appropriate because the electricity cost rate in the region changes on an hourly basis, being highest during hours when peaks of both the power demand and the decrease of distribution power losses occur. The paper illustrates that considerable reductions in both the technical and non-technical losses in the Serbian distribution power system can be achieved by applying energy efficient light sources.

Geokinematics of Central Europe: New insights from the CERGOP-2/Environment Project

Abstract The Central European Geodynamics Project CERGOP-2, funded by the European Union from 2003 to 2006 under the 5th Framework Programme, benefited from repeated measurements of the coordinates of epoch and permanent GPS stations of the Central European GPS Reference Network (CEGRN), starting in 1994. Here we report on the results of the systematic processing of available data up to 2005. The analysis has yielded velocities for some 60 sites, covering a variety of Central European tectonic provinces, from the Adria Indenter to the Tauern Window, the Dinarides, the Pannonian Basin, the Vrancea Seismic Zone and the Carpathian Mountains. The estimated velocities define kinematical patterns which outline, with varying spatial resolution depending on the station density and history, the present-day surface kinematics in Central Europe. Horizontal velocities are analyzed after removal from the ITRF2000 estimated velocities of a rigid rotation accounting for the mean motion of Europe: a ∼2.3 mm/year north–south oriented convergence rate between Adria and the Southern Alps that can be considered to be the present-day velocity of the Adria Indenter relative to the European Foreland. An eastward extrusion zone initiates at the Tauern Window. The lateral eastward flow towards the Pannonian Basin exhibits a gentle gradient from 1 to 1.5 mm/year immediately east of the Tauern Window to zero in the Pannonian Basin. This kinematic continuity implies that the Pannonian plate fragment recently suggested by seismic data does not require a specific Eulerian pole. On the southeastern boundary of the Adria microplate, we report a velocity drop from 4 to 4.5 mm/year motion near Matera to ∼1 mm/year north of the Dinarides, in the southwestern part of the Pannonian Basin. A positive velocity gradient as one moves south from West Ukraine across Rumania and Bulgaria is estimated to be 2 mm/year on a scale of 600–800 km, as if the crust were dragged by the counterclockwise rotation along the North Anatolian Fault Zone. This regime apparently does not interfere with the Vrancea Seismic Zone: earthquakes there are sufficiently deep (>100 km) that the brittle deformation at depth can be considered as decoupled from the creep at the surface. We conclude that models of the Quaternary tectonics of Central and Eastern Europe should not neglect the long wavelength, nearly aseismic deformation affecting the upper crust in the Romanian and Bulgarian regions.

Plan for the implementation of the world climate research programme

The objectives of the World Climate Research Programme (WCRP) are expressed in terms of increasing time scales, from several weeks to several decades. The Programme calls for substantial developments in modelling the interaction of the global atmosphere with the ocean, land surface and sea-ice, as well as improved computations of radiation transfer in the presence of clouds, aerosols and absorbing gases. These developments require a large variety of space as well as surface based observations, and especially, additional efforts for systematic processing of available data to produce consistent records of significant climatological variables. The forthcoming development of a new generation of ocean observing satellites will be an essential component of the WCRP, as they will provide the data base for the large-scale oceanographic projects, the World Ocewan Circulation Experiment (WOCE) and the study of thew Tropical Ocean and the Global Atmosphere (TOGA).

Synoptic analysis based on meteorological rocketsonde data

Wind and temperature data collected by the Meteorological Rocket Network are utilized to delineate isotherm and contour patterns at 2 mb (approximately 42 km) and 0.4 mb (approximately 55 km). Thermal wind fields and observed rocketsonde temperatures are employed in the construction of the isotherm analyses. Charts of the 10-mb surface, analyzed primarily from rawinsonde data, serve as the foundation for height buildup and the vertical continuity of systems. The procedures followed in the construction of the isotherm and contour analyses are explained. Although the MRN is sparse, owing to the prohibitive cost of vehicles and equipment, careful processing of available data permits the higher level circulation to be depicted in greater detail than ever before. The circulation patterns for selected periods from summer 1960 through early 1962 are discussed.