Processing In Children Research Articles

Sensory room: Naturalistic assessment of auditory and visual perception in developing children

IntroductionHearing is essential for language acquisition and understanding the environment. Understanding how children react to auditory and visual information is essential for appropriate management in case of hearing loss. Objective and subjective assessments can diagnose hearing loss, but do not measure natural perception in children. We developed a “sensory room” for complementary assessment of children's perceptions so as to assess behavioral responses to meaningful natural sounds and visual stimuli in an ecologic environment suited to children. Material and methodsSixteen normal-hearing children and 10 with congenital hearing loss before cochlear implantation, aged 13 to 32months, were included in this feasibility study. They perceived 18 environmental sounds and 9 visual stimuli, and their behavioral responses were coded accordingly as: stopping, looking, moving, pointing, language or emotional reactions. ResultAll children completed the task, demonstrating its feasibility in children. Percentage responses to auditory versus visual stimuli did not differ in normal-hearing children; those with congenital hearing loss responded like normal-hearing children to visual stimuli, but did not react to auditory stimuli. Progression in normal-hearing children's behavioral responses corresponded to cognitive and linguistic development according to age. ConclusionThe “sensory room” quantified children's responses to various auditory and visual stimuli, providing clinicians with measurable insight into the children's sensory perception and processing.

The Effect of Touch and Massage Techniques Applied to Children on Parental Role Perception and Perceived Stress

Aim: The study examined the effects of tactile and massage techniques on the occupational therapist’s perspective on the role perception and stress levels of parents and the changes in children’s sensory processing. Method: A total of 30 children, (18 females and 12 males), aged 3-6, with normal development, and their parents were included in the study. A diverse community sample of mothers (M=33.6±5.521 years) and their preschool-aged children (M=4.5±1.2 years) participated in the study. The following instruments were employed: Parental Stress Index, Self-Perception Scale for Parenting Role, and Sensory Profile Test. Parents were instructed in a number of touch and massage techniques devised by the Occupational Therapist within the framework of Sensory Integration Theory. Following the 15-minute and 20-session implementation period, the parents were then tested. After the sessions were completed, the tests were repeated. Results: The findings indicated that at the end of the study, there was a decrease in parental stress levels, and an increase in parental role perception and children's sensory processing skills (p <0.05). The study demonstrated that touch and massage techniques can positively impact parent-child interaction. Conclusion: Studies examining the potential enduring effects of positive parental touch on stress levels and parental role perception rarely extend beyond infancy. It is believed that research with a larger sample size on this topic would contribute significantly to the existing literature.

Covid-19 Sürecinde Yaşam Doyumu, Algılanan Stres, Umutsuzluk, Psikolojik Sağlamlığın İncelenmesi

In our study, it is seen that there are significant relationships between Beck hopelessness scale, burnout scale, marital life scale and quality of life scale and sub-dimension scores. Findings related to mediator analysis showed that hopelessness had a significant partial mediator role in the effect of burnout on marital life and quality of life. Demographic characteristics, gender, age, education, employment status, marital status, number of children, income status, fear of COVID-19, pregnancy processes and child-related conditions were examined. Marital life scale scores were higher in males than females. It is seen that university graduates have higher quality of life scale environmental sub-dimension scores than primary school graduates. While the burnout and hopelessness scale scores of those with higher income status were lower than those with lower income, marital life scale, quality of life scale environmental and psychological health sub-dimension scores were found to be higher. While married people had higher quality of life scale and marital life scale scores than singles, hopelessness scores were found to be lower. While it was observed that the marital life and quality of life scores of the parents whose child's nutrition process was affected during the COVID-19 process were lower, their hopelessness levels were higher. Keywords: COVID-19, new coronavirus, pandemic, mental health, stress

Improvement in Math Ability and Cognitive Processing in Children with Low Attention: An Intervention Based on PASS Theory.

This study investigates the effects of math training on math and cognitive performance among 8-9 year-old students with low attention. Fifty-six students with low attention were randomly assigned to a training group (n = 24) and a passive control group (n = 32). They completed math problem-solving, calculation fluency and PASS cognitive processing tests both before and after training. The children in the training group received 3 days of training per week for a total of 21 days using the math modules of The Children's Mathematics and Cognition Training Manual in Chinese. The results showed that the training group's math problem-solving performance improved significantly. Moreover, the cognitive performance on the CAS-2 in the planning and simultaneous processing tests for the training group was enhanced. The implications of these findings are discussed with consideration of the interpretability being constrained by the fact that no active control condition was applied.

MEMBANGUN KESADARAN REMAJA : MENGATASI PERNIKAHAN DINI MELALUI PENDIDIKAN

Early marriage is a marriage under the age of the target preparation has not been said to be maximized in terms of physical preparation, mental preparation as well as material preparation. The Law of the Republic of Indonesia No.1 of 1974 regulates that marriage is only permitted if the man has reached the age of 19 years and the woman has reached the age of 16 years. Meanwhile, if based on health science, the ideal age that is biologically and psychologically mature is 20 to 25 years for women, then 25-30 years for men. The purpose of this research is to build adolescents' awareness that to overcome early marriage, it can be through education and also the role of parents is very important in the process of growing children to have a good mindset with education.The method used in this research is a qualitative method with data collection techniques using literature studies.The results showed that adolescents really need education in overcoming early marriage and the role of parents who must facilitate their children's education process so that a child can think critically before acting.

Implementation of Multimedia Development Life Cycle in Learning Media Applications for Children with Mental Disabilities

Mental retardation is a condition of intellectual disabilities experienced by children who have abilities below average. Children with intellectual disabilities are difficult to understand the lesson because they have a delay in developing intelligence. Interactive multimedia-based learning media can be used as one solution to become a method in mentally disabled children's learning process. This study aims to build a learning media for mentally disabled children based on interactive multimedia called Edinata, which stands for learning media for children with intellectual disabilities. Edinata is an application to help developmentally disabled children in introducing letters, numbers, surrounding objects, and coloring games. The method used in the development of this interactive multimedia learning media is the Multimedia Development Life Cycle (MDLC), which consists of 6 stages: concept, design, material collecting, assembly, testing, and distribution. In this study, the black box method is used to conduct testing. Based on black-box testing that has been done, all the menus contained in the application can be run properly.

Exploring the multimodal affordances of digital coding devices in fostering creative thinking in early childhood education

Digital technologies are increasingly acknowledged for their potential to enrich early childhood learning experiences, particularly in the area of creativity. However, research has tended to focus upon end products and skill development, and little is known about creative development processes. This study sought to explore young children's creative processes as they engaged with three digital coding devices over an eight-week period as part of a Digital Discovery Program. It employed a microethnography to provide nuanced observations of five young children's (aged 4–5 years) interactions and behaviours. Data was collected through approximately 40 hours of video recordings, capturing the dynamic and multimodal aspects of the childrenʼs play and learning experiences. A multimodal interaction analysis was used to examine the multimodal design affordances of each device as mapped against Murcia et al.'s (2020) A-E of Creativity Framework. The findings revealed a clear interplay between digital technologies and various modes of communication, with children demonstrating creativity through their verbal expressions, manipulation of the devices, and spatial understanding of their physical environment. By understanding the multimodal affordances of digital devices aligned with educational frameworks and embracing child-specific definitions of creativity, educators, curriculum designers, policymakers, and researchers can collectively promote creativity and enrich digital learning and play for young children.

Understanding the impact of natural disasters on children within fist hours and days after an event: A phenomenological study through the experience of nurses.

Children are a particularly vulnerable group in natural disasters such as earthquakes, and although they represent a difficult group to research in such situations, there appears to be a lack of literature investigating children's experiences in the immediate post-earthquake period. Experienced nurses can shed light on children's experiences. This study was conducted to examine the experiences of nurses caring for children affected by the earthquake in Kahramanmaraş, Turkey. This phenomenological study was conducted with nurses who provided care to children during the Kahramanmaraş earthquake between May and August 2023. The study sample consisted of 14 nurses selected using a purposive sampling technique. Data were collected through in-depth interviews by using the "Introductory Information Form" and "Semi-structured Interview Form" developed by the researchers. The interviews were subsequently analyzed using Colaizzi's method. The results revealed five themes under two main themes. Under the main theme of nurse, there are subthemes of chaos, helplessness-incompetence, while under the main theme of child, there are subthemes of unresponsiveness, intertwined needs, empathy, and care. The study also highlights the chaotic environment in the immediate aftermath of the earthquake, characterized by a high number of pediatric casualties and psychological trauma, and the nurses' feelings of helplessness as a result of being separated from their families. This study found that nurses caring for children in the earthquake had difficulties in managing children's hospital processes and they demonstrated an empathic approach by trying to communicate with the children in their care. The nurses stated that children should be supported psychologically as well as having their basic needs such as water, food, and shelter met. Health policymakers should be aware that in the early stages of major disasters such as earthquakes, children are not only physically injured but also have basic needs such as water, shelter, and food, and are emotionally affected. It is recommended that disaster management plans be developed to address all children's needs and nurses be provided with psychological support and training to improve their knowledge and skills.

The Role of the Cerebellum in Advanced Cognitive Processes in Children.

Over the last several years, a growing body of evidence from anatomical, physiological, and functional neuroimaging studies has increasingly indicated that the cerebellum is actively involved in managing higher order cognitive functions and regulating emotional responses. It has become clear that when children experience congenital or acquired cerebellar lesions, these injuries can lead to a variety of cognitive and emotional disorders, manifesting in different combinations. This underscores the cerebellum's essential role not only throughout developmental stages but particularly in facilitating learning processes, highlighting its critical importance beyond its traditional association with motor control. Furthermore, the intricate neural circuits within the cerebellum are believed to contribute to the fine-tuning of motor actions and coordination but are also increasingly recognized for their involvement in cognitive processes such as attention, language, and problem solving. Recent research has highlighted the importance of cerebellar health and integrity for optimal functioning across various domains of the human experience.

THIẾT KẾ TRÒ CHƠI HỌC TẬP GIÚP TRẺ MẦM NON LÀM QUEN BIỂU TƯỢNG TOÁN VỚI SỰ HỖ TRỢ CỦA PHẦN MỀM WORDWALL

Digital game-based learning is gradually becoming a trend in education, with certain positive impacts. Thanks to the game element, children's learning process becomes easier and more enjoyable. This study surveyed over 100 preschool teachers in Hue city, Thua Thien Hue province, to clarify the importance of applying technology software in designing educational games. Consequently, the process of designing and using educational games to help children become familiar with Math symbols is proposed based on Wordwall software. The proposed process received strong agreement from preschool teachers. To use Wordwall software-based games effectively in math familiarization activities, teachers need to be flexible and proactive in selecting games that are appropriate for the lesson’s objectives and content as well as the characteristics of preschool children. This study serves as a useful tool to support preschool teachers in designing educational games in general and educational games for familiarizing children with mathematical symbols in particular. Keywords: Educational games; Mathematical symbols; Wordwall; technology software; Thua Thien Hue

The Relationship of Bullying Behavior and Social Interaction in School-Age Children at SDN 22 Jambi City

The problem that is currently widespread in education circles is bullying. The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) stated that Indonesia is ranked first in the position of bullying cases in ASEAN with 84% confirmed in 2023, and according to data from the Indonesian Child Protection Commission (KPAI) Bullying cases are quite a worrying issue in the school environment. Data records that there will be at least 1,478 cases of bullying reported in 2023. Bullying makes it difficult for children to interact well in their social environment and this can hinder the child's development process. This research was conducted to identify the relationship between bullying behavior and social interactions in school-age children at SDN 22, Jambi City. The research method used was quantitative research using a cross sectional approach. The research population was students of SDN 22 Jambi City grades IV, V, VI, totaling 103 samples taken using total sampling techniques. This research uses a questionnaire instrument. The analytical test used is Spearman Rho. The results of the research show that generally the bullying behavior data is in the low category of 96 respondents (93.2%) and most social interactions are in the good category of 80 respondents (77.7%). The test results obtained were (p 0.01<0.05). The conclusion is that there is a relationship between bullying behavior and social interaction in school-age children at SDN 22 Jambi City. It is hoped that the results of the research will be used as material for consideration by schools in providing guidance and counseling support services, so that students can understand the limits of social interaction.

Visual processing and decision-making in autism and dyslexia: Insights from cross-syndrome approaches.

Atypical visual processing has been reported in developmental conditions like autism and dyslexia, and some accounts propose a causal role for visual processing in the development of these conditions. However, few studies make direct comparisons between conditions, or use sufficiently sensitive methods, meaning that it is hard to say whether atypical visual processing tells us anything specific about these conditions, or whether it reflects a more general marker of atypical development. Here I review findings from two computational modelling approaches (equivalent noise and diffusion modelling) and related electroencephalography (EEG) indices which we have applied to data from autistic, dyslexic and typically developing children to reveal how the component processes involved in visual processing and decision-making are altered in autism and dyslexia. The results identify both areas of convergence and divergence in autistic and dyslexic children's visual processing and decision-making, with implications for influential theoretical accounts such as weak central coherence, increased internal noise, and dorsal-stream vulnerability. In both sets of studies, we also see considerable variability across children in all three groups. To better understand this variability, and further understand the convergence and divergence identified between conditions, future studies would benefit from studying how the component processes reviewed here relate to transdiagnostic dimensions, which will also give insights into individual differences in visual processing and decision-making more generally.

Sensory-Motor-Oral Stimulation Combined with Early Sucking During the Mandibular Distraction Osteogenesis Process in Children with Robin Sequence.

To describe the findings of children with Robin Sequence (RS) who received sensory-motor-oral stimulation combined with early sucking during mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO), compared with children who did not receive the intervention. A quasi-experimental study. Setting: A tertiary public hospital. Patients: Children with RS referred to MDO. A historical group from the same population but managed according to the institution's standard protocol (no sucking) served as a control group. Interventions: Sensory-motor-oral stimulation, including sucking, starting 24 h after MDO (intervention group). Main Outcome Measure: Our hypothesis is that sensory-motor-oral stimulation, including sucking during the DOM process, do not negatively affect surgical outcomes. Twenty-nine children were included. Eight (72.7%) of the 11 patients in the intervention group and 13 (72.2%) of the 18 controls had MDO complications, with no significant difference between the groups (p = 1.000). The most common surgical outcome was antibiotic therapy for surgical site infection (76.2%). Six months after MDO, 22 (75.9%) children attained full oral feeding or associated with alternative feeding methods. The intervention group did not have higher complication rates, from a surgical point of view, than control group. The protocol adopted by some centers that contraindicates sucking during MDO should be revised to consider the benefits of such stimulation. Keywords: Pierre Robin Syndrome, deglutition, therapeutics, child development.

Pengukuran Antropometri dan Penentuan Status Gizi Balita di Posyandu Balita Bina Sejahtera Kadipiro Banjarsari Surakarta

The nutritional status of toddlers is an indicator of health status in Indonesia. Good nutritional status can help children's growth and development process to achieve optimal maturity. Nutritional status can help to detect the risk of health problems early. The role of posyandu is very necessary in efforts to prevent nutritional disorders in toddlers, so it is necessary to measure and determine the nutritional status of babies and toddlers. This community service aims to carry out anthropometric measurements of babies and toddlers and provide counseling to mothers of babies and toddlers about their children's nutritional status. This service activity is anthropometric measurements, namely weighing, measuring height or body length and Lila. Activities to determine nutritional status using WHO Antro. The results of measuring the nutritional status of BMI/U toddlers show that the majority of toddlers are in the normal category, 51 toddlers (80.96%), the nutritional status of BB/U toddlers shows that the majority are in the good (normal) category, 54 toddlers (85.71%). ), the nutritional status of PB/U or TB/U toddlers shows that the majority of toddlers are in the good (normal) category, amounting to 53 toddlers (84.13%), the nutritional status of BB/PB or BB/TB toddlers shows that the majority of toddlers are in the category good (normal) for 52 toddlers (82.55%). It is necessary to explain the results of anthropometric measurements to mothers of toddlers so that mothers of toddlers understand the nutritional status of their children and need to carry out nutritional education to prevent nutritional problems in babies and toddlers.

Amplitude rise time sensitivity in children with and without dyslexia: differential task effects and longitudinal relations to phonology and literacy.

The speech amplitude envelope carries important acoustic information required for speech intelligibility and contains sensory cues (amplitude rise times, ARTs) that play a key role in both sensory rhythm perception and neural speech encoding. Individual differences in children's sensitivity to ARTs have been related to the development of children's phonological processing skills across languages by the Temporal Sampling theory. Impaired processing of ARTs also characterises children with dyslexia. However, different ART tasks have been employed in different studies, in different languages, and at different ages. Here, we compare the sensitivity of three frequently used ART tasks (based on synthetic syllables, sine tones, and speech-shaped noise) in a longitudinal study of English-speaking children with and without dyslexia. Children's ability to discriminate rising frequency, duration, and intensity was also tested. ART discrimination in all 3 tasks was significantly inter-related, but different relations to phonology and literacy were found for different ART tasks at different ages. In particular, the often-used sine tone and speech-shaped noise ART tasks showed greater sensitivity in older children, while the synthetic syllable task (/ba/ rise) showed greater sensitivity in younger children. Sensitivity to rising frequency was also related to phonology and literacy across ages. The data are interpreted with respect to the Temporal Sampling theory of developmental dyslexia.

Evaluation in the Context of Early Language Education Activities

A subject around which a series of specialized debates revolve is evaluation, which is attributed the quality of being an integrative element of the educational process, alongside teaching and learning. In the context of current pedagogical thinking, evaluation is an action focused on the child's learning process, engaging their cognitive processes, as well as the regulation and self-regulation of knowledge. In other words, the process of evaluation goes beyond its traditional meaning – that of control, examination, and sanction – and tends towards a dynamic focused particularly on the child's mental processes, so that they can be aware of what they learn, how they learn, and especially why they learn. In this article, we have attempted to present some aspects related to didactic evaluation seen as a validation of the correctness of educational sequences, components of the didactic process, and a means of delimiting, fixing, and intervening in educational content and objectives. Educational activity in kindergarten is complex and requires varied, multiple forms of evaluation adapted to the particularities of preschoolers. The diversity of teaching situations, as well as the multitude of evaluation objectives, require the conception and application of different strategies to mediate the evaluative process

The Impact of Quizizz Learning Media in Increasing Interest and Learning Motivation for Early Childhood Education Students

As technology advances in the education sector, there are many updates in the use of learning media, one example is using the Quizizz application. The Quizizz application really helps teachers in the teaching and learning process. The Quizizz application has many interesting features, and makes learning more fun. The quizizz application is one of the learning media chosen by teachers to carry out the learning process for early childhood. The aim of this research is to find out how big the impact of quizizz learning media is in increasing early childhood interest and motivation in learning. This research uses a qualitative method where data is obtained through introducing the Quizizz application to young children and direct interviews with several parties such as teachers and parents of children. The research results show that the use of the Quizizz application in early childhood is carried out well starting from the planning, implementation and evaluation stages. From this research, it can be concluded that the Quizzizz application is very helpful in the children's learning process so that children understand the lessons taught by the teacher more quickly and the interesting features can also increase children's learning motivation. The limitation of this research is that the researcher only conducted research on the quizizz application for early childhood even though there are still many applications that can be used to provide learning motivation for early childhood. The researcher hopes that future researchers can conduct research related to early childhood learning motivation but by using other learning media. This research recommends that future researchers use the research as a reference in conducting research on the impact of the Quizizz application in increasing learning motivation in young children.

Psychological insights into parental guidance for grassroots football players

Grassroots football is the foundation for young children's football development process. It emphasizes several aspects that are necessary for children's psychological well-being, such as excitement, encouragement from coaches, and parental support. In the process of developing grassroots football players, parents have a very big role in the child, not only in providing support for the child but must be in accordance with the child's needs in the path of football development. This research aims to provide information regarding appropriate parental support for grassroots football players according to coaches' views. A qualitative approach toward grounded theory was used to formulate the research with 25 coaches from Indonesia and Malaysia who have a coaching license in football and at least five years of coaching experience. The participants were selected using purposive sampling. The research data was obtained through a semi-structured interview model, field observations, and document analysis, which were analyzed using N-Vivo 14 software. The research results show that parents should have wisdom in supporting players. Parents need to understand that grassroots football is early childhood football development and should avoid becoming obsessed with making their children professional players. They must provide support for the training program provided by the coach, always be positive by giving appreciation to children, monitor their children's eating times and sleeping patterns, update their children's learning at school/learning with coaches, limit and monitor their children's use of gadgets at home, and most importantly, be the primary fans of their children. Collaboration between coaches and parents will positively contribute to increasing achievement in grassroots football, and children who are coached from an early age will continue to pursue their dreams of professional football. Keywords: Grassroots, Football, Parent, Support, Sport Psychology.

Analisis Kesulitan Belajar Matematika Materi Bangun Datar Kelas IV SD 1 Gondosari

This study aims to analyze the learning difficulties of fourth grade students on flat building material at SD 1 Gondosari, Gebog, Kudus Regency. The method used is qualitative with a case study approach. Data were obtained through questionnaires and interviews involving students and teachers as research subjects. The results showed that students' learning difficulties were influenced by internal and external factors. Internal factors include negative attitudes towards mathematics, lack of understanding of concepts, difficulties in numeracy skills, and problem-solving ability. External factors include less than optimal use of learning media and lack of attention from parents. The findings show that students' main difficulties are in understanding the concept of the formula, calculating the square area, and solving varied problems. Therefore, it is important for teachers to understand students' development and use innovative learning media and involve parents in their children's learning process.

Kerjasama Guru Dan Orang Tua Dalam Menangani Anak yang Masih Ditunggu Pada Jam Belajar di PAUD Harapan ORANG TUA DALAM MENANGANI ANAK YANG MASIH DITUNGGU PADA JAM BELAJAR DI PAUD HARAPAN KITA DI DESA SAING RAMBI TAHUN PELAJARAN 2021-2022

This research has three research objectives, including the following: First, to find out the characteristics of children who are still waiting for learning hours at PAUD Harapan Kita in Saing Rambi Village for the 2021-2022 Student Year. Second, to find out how teachers and parents collaborate in dealing with children who are still waiting for hours at PAUD Harapan Kita in Saing Rambi Village for the 2021-2022 Student Year. Third, to find out what the implications or results of collaboration between teachers and parents are in dealing with children who are still waiting for hours at PAUD Harapan Kita in Saing Rambi Village for the 2021-2022 Student Year. The research uses a qualitative approach while this type of research is phenomenological research. There are three types of data collection techniques in this research, namely: Interview, Observation and Documentation. Meanwhile, the data analysis techniques used are data collection, data reduction, data display, drawing conclusions and verification. Then the data validity checking techniques used are triangulation (source triangulation) and member check. Research result. First, cooperation between teachers and parents in handling children who are still waiting for learning hours at PAUD Harapan Kita Saing Rambi Village for the 2021-2022 academic year. Collaboration between teachers and parents is important in the child's growth and development process, so good cooperation is very helpful for children, especially children who are still experiencing problems or obstacles to learning at school. Second, a form of cooperation between teachers and parents in dealing with children who are still waiting for learning hours at PAUD Harapan Kita Saing Rambi Village for the 2021-2022 academic year. Consists of several, namely: 1) Parenting, 2) Communication, 3) Volunteering, 4) Parental involvement in children's learning at home, 5) Decision making, 6) Collaboration with community groups. Third, the implications or results of collaboration between teachers and parents in dealing with children who are still awaited during learning hours at PAUD Harapan Kita Saing Rambi Village for the 2021-2022 academic year. Providing guidance and motivation for children's learning, providing stimulus to children wholeheartedly with love and helping children learn, play and interact with their classmates