Public Administration Processes Research Articles

Application Specifications Regarding Project Decisions in the Local Public Administration of Grăniceşti Commune, Suceava County, Romania

In order to optimize the public administration process, the local authorities initiate and implement projects oriented to the needs of the beneficiaries of the administrative-territorial unit they represent. In this context, this paper aims to analyze projects initiated at the local community to highlight the results that the beneficiaries will have from the implementation of those projects, by reporting to the case of Grăniceşti commune in Suceava County. Through the project of restoration and modernization of the primary school in the locality, the renovation of the educational institution was carried out, thus ensuring an institutional framework in which the teaching activities to take place in optimal conditions. Through the project of restoring the calamited bridge in the area, a new bridge was built for traffic, being guaranteed the safety of crossing the river, with an effect on improving the living standards of the local citizens. The project for the rehabilitation and modernization of the human dispensary in the locality ensured the endowment of the sanitary unit with high-performance equipment capable of providing quality public health services.

The Local Public Transport Service in the Municipality of Suceava

In order to optimize the public administration process, the local authorities, which operate in a decentralized regime, provide public services to the population that satisfies the needs of the beneficiaries of the administrative-territorial unit they represent. In this context, in this paper we propose to analyze the local public transport service in the Municipality of Suceava, which is part of the sphere of community services of public utility and which is a decentralized public service subordinated to the Town Hall of the Municipality of Suceava. We want to analyze how this service is provided to the population of Suceava Municipality and whether decentralization has influenced the development of the local public transport service and the effects that decentralization has in terms of increasing the quality of life for the local community.

Public Administration System in the Field of Finance Under the Influence of Digitalization

The effectiveness of the functioning of the state’s monetary system and the implementation of targeted economic policies with the help of the financial management mechanism depends on the organization of the management of the state’s funds. The study aims to find effective digitalization tools to improve public administration in the financial sector. To achieve the goal, the authors analyzed which countries are the most advanced in the use of digitalization tools in the public administration system, identified the most effective tools in terms of the feasibility of their implementation, and developed recommendations for improving the digitalization of the public administration system in the field of finance. Digitalization of public administration processes can potentially lead to a reduction in the number of officials, an increase in the efficiency of administration (by increasing the objectivity of decisions made and eliminating the possibility of technical errors when making legal decisions), an increase in the quality and accessibility of public services by transferring them to a digital format, as well as increasing their security level. The use of blockchain technology in the system of public financial management will help to cope with corruption, strengthen the state apparatus, increase citizens’ confidence in the authorities and thereby indirectly increase investment activity in the country.

Pendampingan Implementasi Sistem Administrasi Desa untuk Mewujudkan Smart Village di Pekon Wonodadi Kabupaten Pringsewu Lampung

Conceptually, smart villages are related to resource management carried out by the government by utilizing appropriate technology. There are 3 main elements that make up a smart village that must be accommodated properly, namely government, community and environment. Pekon Wonodadi, Gadingrejo District is one of the leading villages in Pringsewu district, Lampung Province and has good potential in the economic field and has carried out village administration well. This condition makes it possible to transform Wonodadi into a Smart Village so that it can improve village functions and services for the community. One of the obstacles faced by Pekon Wonodadi becoming Smart Village is that the public service administration process is still not integrated into a system, so the services provided are still not optimal in terms of speed and accuracy of data. In addition, there is also a problem in the service file archiving process. In order to make Wonodadi becoming a smart village, mentoring activities and implementation of the Village Service Administration System (SIAP) were carried out where these activities correspond to the 2 elements of smart village, namely the government and the community. Evaluation of the activities was carried out by assessing the level of user acceptance of the SIAP application and it was found that the technology implemented could assist Wonodadi Village in improving the quality of service to the community and in the village administration process. This result is reflected in the survey results where 84% of the people feel that it is easier for them to get village services.

Prospects for Digitalization of Public Administration Processes

The subject of consideration in this article are the state and prospects for the digitalization of public administration in modern Russia. The scale and speed of changes in all spheres of public relations caused by digital technologies is unprecedented, these changes were especially accelerated during the Covid-19 pandemic. They affect these changes and processes of public administration, at the same time, in this area there are differences from the commercial sector, where such a phenomenon as the “digital economy” has arisen and is developing. The task of the modern state is to create digital services and platforms aimed at more rapid and high-quality satisfaction of the needs of citizens and business, that is, in essence —to generate a new type of public goods in the form of digital public services. The article considers the prospects for the development of such processes.

Theoretical Aspects of Innovation Policy in Public Administration

The way of a systematic approach to solving the problems related to the management of the modern state, must go through defining and identifying the bases for the emergence of these problems. Today, the definition of such basics makes the innovation factor relevant, which, on the one hand, is always considered as a catalyst for progress and, on the other hand, is reflected in its socio-economic contradictions. The article discusses the theoretical aspects of innovative processes in modern public administration, issues related to the urgency of introducing innovative methods for the development and refinement of modern public administration. The paper considers innovation not only as a result of fundamental, applied research, new inventions or experimental papers in the technical field, but it is also considered in the field of management as a mean of increasing its effectiveness. In article, the views and conclusions of various scientists related to the innovation process and innovation activities are analyzed. Keywords: Innovation, Innovation Policy, Pseudo-Innovation, Public Administration.

Использование трансакционного подхода для оценки эффективности организации процессов в системе государственного управления Российской Федерации

Digital modernization is one of the current strategic priorities of the public administration system of the Russian Federation. The authors prove the existence of two serious methodological gaps in the organization of the process of digital modernization of public administration. They propose to introduce the concept of transactional approach into the sociology of management in order to correct these processes methodologically. This methodological tool is universal and can be used both to rate the effectiveness of digital modernization of a separate department, and to audit the effectiveness of the organization of processes in the public civil service as a whole. The transactional approach developed by the authors can not only form the basis for the development of a practical model for evaluating the implementation efficiency or modernization of separate public administration processes, but also form the basis for launching the large-scale centralization process for providing functionality of federal executive bodies.

Ontological principles of public administration

The article is devoted to the definition of the ontological foundations of public administration.The article establishes that the emergence of the institution of public administration in legal science and state practice as a special method and structure for the implementation of certain functions of the state requires clarification of the features of the existence and existence of this institution, which will make it possible to understand its properties.The author has argued that the legal nature of public administration in a democratic rule-of-law state consists in the implementation by specially authorized representatives of the state and / or representatives of territorial communities elected in accordance with the established procedure, aimed at the realization of the interests and needs of individuals and legal entities within their competence established by law or by-laws. legal acts This is the natural-ontological aspect of public administration.The structure of public administration is considered from two perspectives: firstly, as the structure of the public administration itself, with the latter's inherent hierarchical nature, institutionalization of the functions performed and focusing on the competence of officials of public authorities. Secondly, this is the structure of the public administration process, including setting goals, identifying tasks, choosing subjects, endowing them with appropriate functions and powers, planning and monitoring their activities, choosing criteria for evaluating their activities and conducting the assessment process itself in accordance with the selected criteria. of these angles creates the structural aspect of the ontology of public administration.Attention is focused on the fact that the dynamic aspect of the ontology of public administration is the value and objective orientation of the activities of the public administration within the framework of the public policy existing in a particular state in accordance with a specific sphere of public relations.It was made that ontology as a formal specification of a certain subject area in the process of public administration in a democratic legal state performs the functions of connecting the conceptual-strategic level of public policy, characterized by a high degree of abstraction, with a practical-activity level, at which the needs of participants in public legal relations and urgent tasks are realized specified policy.

Formation and development of e-government in Ukraine: synergistic approach

The experience of modern public administration shows that the systems approach as the basic concept of e-government does not provide the desired results in the context of rapid transformations of the economy and society. This article deals with the scientific substantiation of the use of a synergistic approach in the practice of e-government and gives a comparative analysis of system and synergistic approaches in public administration. The authors compare the basic principles of the system approach and synergetics, and then investigate the exchange of public information between public authorities and users of this information in the e-government system. The article offers a model of information exchange, which allows identifying bottlenecks in the e-government system and identifying ways to eliminate negative factors. The authors summarise the results of research on the existence of self-organisation processes in public administration and the need for new approaches to e-government based on the concept of synergetics.

THE ROLE OF PARLIAMENTARY CULTURE IN THE PROCESS OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND PUBLIC POLICY ANALYSIS

Parliamentary culture plays a key role in the public administration and public policy analysis process, as its development contributes to raising the public’s political awareness and ensures effective public participation in public administration and various stages of the public policy development, implementation, and analysis processes. Parliamentary culture contributes to the establishment of a dialogue between state and society aimed at increasing the efficiency of the public administration system. The selection of the study methods for this work was based on the imperatives of modern political development. The study of the role of parliamenttary culture was carried out in the framework of transitional studies, consolidation studies, and political hermeneutics. Both systematic and dialectical methodology of development has been applied in the above-mentioned areas, combining the institutional, social-psychological, civilizational aspects of parliamentary culture in the context of public administration and public policy analysis. Summarizing the theoretical-ideological bases of parliamentary culture in the process of public administration and public policy analysis as well as analyzing the uninterrupted interaction of structural and content components of the concept, we came to the conclusion that parliamentary culture is the primary stimulus in the process of public administration and public policy analysis and which ensures the broadest representation of public participation in the process of political decision-making and their implementation.

MODELING AND PROGRAMMING OF THE SYSTEM OF ACTIVITY OF PUBLIC AUTHORITIES IN THE FIELD OF FOREIGN ECONOMIC SECURITY OF UKRAINE

The article investigates the process of modeling public administration in the field of foreign economic security as a certain sequence of development of functional, informational and morphological models, as well as the integration of these models. It is established that the functional model is a model of activity that provides initial data for the development of an information model. The information model characterizes the degree of uncertainty inherent in a system or system problem, the level of our knowledge about them, about problems in knowledge and ways to solve them. A morphological model is a description of the internal structure of a system or system problem, the identification of subsystems or subproblems and the establishment of relationships between them, the identification of autonomous functions in a functional model and the systematization of models. The result of developing a morphological model is a representation of the structure and functions of system elements, classification of connections and description of dynamics of action, as a result of which the researcher receives a refined morphological model that corresponds to functional and information models of system of public administration in foreign economic security. It is conclude that the proposed morphological model of public administration in the field of foreign economic security, organizational and logical scheme of development of the target program for the development of public administration in the field of foreign economic security will ensure the functional integrity of public administration in the field of foreign economic security, which is covered by a single plan to ensure foreign economic security of Ukraine at the strategic, tactical and operational levels of public administration in this area, taking into account the requirements of foreign economic security environment to the system of foreign economic security and existing resource and time constraints.

Trust in the law during the digital transformation

This article raises the problem of society’s and individuals’ trust in the law during the digital transformation. It identifies factors that in many ways lead to decreased trust in the law. These factors include geopolitical crises and the changes the world experienced during the pandemic, as well as processes of poorer quality rulemaking, public administration, legal drafting and enforcement. It also identifies reasons why the law lags behind the realities of widespread use of new digital technologies in the XXI century, in which the number of gaps in the legal regulation system becomes critical for jurisprudence, legal theory, society and the state. It has been found that increasing information pressure on the individual and the individual’s openness and defenselessness to information flows, as well as stress and the infodemic, particularly during a pandemic and geopolitical crisis, destroy the ability to shape critical thinking. Due to overload, they deprive people of skills for effectively learning something new and developing creatively. Also, the more time the individual spends in the information space, subjected to powerful targeting technologies, the less right he or she has to choose. This is particularly the case now as the world is dominated by a couple dozen global digital platforms that provide people and small and medium business with an ever-expanding range of services, which means they no longer have the economic ability to choose other, alternative solutions. The changes that have occurred in the system of people being forced to work remotely, “regulatory administration”, the use of people’s fear and confusion, have questioned the authority of the law. The article concludes that identifying information law’s place in Russia and the modern world, including issues of the need to systematize information legislation for the country and society at a time when digital data are becoming the basis for a growing number of social interactions, seems to be one of the important processes to boost trust in the law as a social regulator. The article raises issues of the legal regulation of the circulation of big data, the Internet of things, artificial intelligence and other digital technologies. It analyzes a number of legal issues, including the generation of consistent hierarchical legal terminology for the Internet of things and a common vision of the system of IoT legal issues requiring new or modified solutions in light of industry specifics and the current state of the regulatory framework. At the current stage of humanity’s development, the “right to reject the use of digital technologies” could be a rational tool to strike a balance between individuals’ rights and the public interest. Therefore, it will be important for achieving the goals of information law to create a system that protects the rights of those who are unable, unwilling or afraid to use new sophisticated technological solutions such as various cutting-edge digital technologies, including artificial intelligence technologies.

ЗАРУБІЖНИЙ ДОСВІД СТРУКТУРУВАННЯ ПУБЛІЧНОЇ СЛУЖБИ

The article deals with the structuring of the system of public administration in the context of scientific debate about the relationship between political and administrative process of public administration. In terms of this discussion the points of fundamental importance for theory and practice of management, particularly in developed democracies, are as follows: structure of public administration, composition of its elements and their role in management; public service, its scope, interrelation with other categories of employees; the role of administrative staff in the political process; the importance of interaction between public officials and politicians. It is justified that studying the experience of public administration in developed democracies acquires relevance in connection with the spread of European integration and the reform of public administration in accordance with European standards. Implementation of control functions in continental and Anglo-Saxon models of democracy has been considered. It is shown that the most important element of public administration is also coordination of all elements of the management system. Definition of the term "a public servant" used in different countries has been analyzed. It is stated that at the beginning of XXI century the role of public service in these countries has increased with the emergence of new areas of regulation that required the participation of public sector in control actions and in most activities directly. In the presence of numerous "special" characteristics inherent in post-socialist countries or post-colonial systems, as well as "individual" traits peculiar to each state separately, "in general" it is substantial to create a public service that would meet the needs of a particular political and administrative system in the modern conditions of world globalization.

Smart Government: Digital Frameworks of Public Interactions

Modern digital society has an integral symbiotic intelligence and must be regulated by digital social institutions with new norms and standards of behavior, a culture of interaction with the digital environment, values and principles. The purpose of the article is to formulate the possibilities of sociological science in terms of new approaches to building a smart (intellectual) government in the context of dynamic changes, global digitalization of all areas of human activity. These trends are characterized by new opportunities and serious problems, which require a revision of the methodological approaches to its design and humanitarian design of its contours. The need for a theoretical understanding of the essence of intellectual government and its difference from previous projects of digitalization of public administration processes is justified. Intellectual government is understood as a holistic hybrid system, the purpose of which is state control in the conditions of interaction of intellectual subjects. They are highly professional management entities using intelligent technical complexes. The effectiveness of management is ensured by the integration of constructive initiatives of civil society and business stakeholders, production interacting through digital platforms, including intelligent network applications with access to knowledge bases for responsible and smart inclusion in management. The data of two sociological studies conducted in 2020 and 2021 are given on the assessment of the activities of public administration bodies in the social and network space. It is concluded that in conditions when the processes of digitalization in public administration significantly affect the development of society, the need for constructive behavior of all subjects of public administration is strengthened, ensuring the adoption of decisions necessary for the development of specific territories.

Recalibrating Public Service: Valuing Engagement, Empathy, Social Equity, and Ethics in Public Administration

Public administrators are not neutral actors. Their work occurs in the context of historical and contemporary systemic oppression. Yet, the traditional values that guide the field, efficiency, effectiveness, and economy, are not responsive to this context. This article proposes a recalibrated set of values to support the process and outcomes of public administration to address systemic oppression more sufficiently. Drawing on interviews conducted with American Sign Language interpreters, findings explore the role of engagement, empathy, equity, and ethics in the delivery of public services to the Deaf community. This work includes a call to action for more research on the recalibrated “4Es” and the establishment of a code of professional conduct for the field of public administration.

Інституціональні процеси державного управління у сфері зайнятості: проблеми реалізації

Розглянуто співвідношення понять “інституціоналізація” та “інституалізація”.Зроблено висновок, що ці поняття є тотожними. Доведено, що у контексті глобалізації, цифровізації, демографічних змін, міграції тощо проблема державного управління у сфері зайнятості населення упродовж останніх років суттєво актуалізується, що сильно впливає на стан світового і національного ринків праці. Наголошено, що значення інститутів ринку праці є критичним для подолання розбалансованості у секторі зайнятості. Досліджено інституціональні основи діяльності Державної служби зайнятості. Визначено, що інституціональне середовище зайнятості та ринку праці є недосконалим: існує велика кількість колізій у нормативно-правовому забезпеченні, відсутня чітко окреслена стратегія розвитку

Актуальність сучасної цифрової комунікації для розвитку територіальних громад в Україні

Розглянуто актуальні виклики застосування цифрових комунікацій для розвитку територіальних громад в Україні. Акцентовано увагу на різних формах діджитал-співпраці органів публічної влади, неурядових громадських організацій і громад. Запропоновано розглядати цифровізацію як публічно-управлінську інновацію, яка запроваджена в суспільну практику механізмами інформаційного сус¬пільства. Підкреслено важливість використання цифрових технологій для консолідації інтересів територіальних громад.

Readiness of the Polish Crisis Management System to Respond to Long-Term, Large-Scale Power Shortages and Failures (Blackouts)

Large-scale failures of electric power systems (blackouts) have been the subject of intensive research in most countries for several years. This research aims primarily at seeking solutions to improve the reliability of the operation of power systems and the development of effective strategies to protect critical infrastructure from the effects of energy shortages and power cuts. In contrast, systematic research on crisis management and civil protection under conditions of prolonged blackout has been undertaken in Europe only recently, and these extremely important aspects of energy security have been delayed by the COVID-19 crisis. The ability of the Polish crisis management system to cope with the consequences of long-term, large-scale shortages and interruptions in the supply of electricity, as well as the consequences of possible failures in this field, has not been systematically examined to date. This issue is of growing strategic importance, not only from the point of view of security and defence policy, but also economic cooperation in Central and Eastern Europe. Poland’s infrastructural security must be considered in a broad regional and supra-regional context. A long-term lack of electricity in a large area of Poland would undermine the stability of the entire national security system, destabilising the region and supranational security systems. Apart from objective reasons, intentional attacks on the links of such a chain cannot be ruled out. Poland is the leader of this region, a frontline country in the NATO-Russia conflict, as well as a liaison state that provides the Baltic states—being EU and NATO members—with a land connection to Western Europe. In view of the growing risk of blackout, the importance of the problem and the existence of a cognitive gap in this field, we evaluated the Polish crisis management system in terms of its ability to respond to the effects of a sudden, long-term, large-scale blackout. Methodologically, we adopted a systems approach to security management. In order to estimate the consequences of a blackout, we used analogue forecasting tools and scenario analysis. By analysing previous crisis situations caused by blackouts and local conditions of vulnerability to such events, we formulated basic preparedness requirements that a modern crisis management system should meet in the face of the growing risk of blackouts. A review of strategic documents and crisis planning processes in public administration allowed us to identify deficits and weaknesses in the Polish crisis management system. On this basis we formulated recommendations whose implementation shall improve the ability of the national security system to face such challenges in the future.

The Logic of Simplifying Public Administration in Hungary, 1900–1910

Abstract The present paper analyzes the implementation of the simplification law in Hungarian public administration between 1900 and 1910. The law was enacted in 1901 in a bid to »simplify, facilitate, and speed up« administrative processes and mitigate encounters between different administrative units. The law created an extended debate on the possible directions of simplification and resulted in a mixed reception, including an oftentimes contested implementation. The paper investigates the logic behind the reform both in terms of the legal and practical formulation of revised regulations and in terms of the actual implementation of the directives on the local level. I argue that “simplification” was a buzzword for the homogenization and rationalization of public administration that was considered inept to accommodate the new and expanding tasks of the state by the turn of the century. ›Simplification,‹ hence, resulted in a more complicated system, an oxymoron quickly flagged by contemporaries. The simplification law is understood in the present paper as a case of innovation, and the paper thus contributes to our understanding of innovation processes in public administration. The paper asks how the simplification law was implemented based on the micropractices of administrators, what were the practical consequences of the law in relation to the purposes of lawmakers, who were the main agents that influenced the process, and how they could press their own agendas in the process. These questions are approached through the lens of the materiality of public administration, in which people, objects, and material processes can explain the outcome of innovation initiatives, as in the case of the implementation of the simplification law.

FEATURES OF LOW URBANIZED TERRITORY MANAGEMENT IN UKRAINE

It is proven that democratization of public life and the transition to market-type economic relations in Ukraine were the driving forces for restructuring the domestic political system. Public administration bodies have been transformed, the relationship between the state, regional and local levels of government have changed, and the institution of local self-government is developing. One of the main megatrends that characterize these changes is the spread of the decentralization processes of public administration and the interaction of central and local government based on the principle of subsidiarity. The space of existence for a low-urbanized as an open system are such components as the number of inhabitants is not less than the minimum possible level; financial autonomy: this means that a sparsely urbanized area can independently generate financial resources to fulfill its powers to provide public services at a level not lower than the minimum standards set by the state and is able to direct some of these resources to the development budget; state support and protection: the state as an institution that ensures the overall development of the whole country must also guarantee the balanced outcome of sparsely urbanized territories and ensure respect for the constitutional rights of territorial communities by all subjects of power; system integrity (emergence): the low-urbanized territory as an administrative-territorial unit of the grassroots level should have the characteristics of a micro-region as a unity of natural, social and economic components. It is proved that the assumption of the lack of managerial influence on the processes taking place in the low-urbanized territory is purely theoretical and such a situation does not exist in practice. The only question is the nature and strength of such influence. If the nature of the impact is determined by the chosen direction of development of the low-urbanized territory and, consequently, directs all processes in the local community in accordance with the chosen strategy, its strength should be sufficient to determine the changes envisaged by the strategy.