Processed Fish Products Research Articles

Effect of Glycerol Compositions on Protein Based Thermoplastic from Fish Waste

The main objective of this work was to investigate the effect of glycerol at different compositions on physical properties, morphology and water absorption of protein based thermoplastic from fish waste. Fish waste containing fish head, bones and fins were collected from local fish product processing plant before further cooking, pressing, drying and milling. Compound formulation was done using twin screw extrusion and compression moulding. Samples at different glycerol compositions (Control, 20 pph and 35 pph) were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and water absorption. The addition of glycerol showed two broad bands between 1500-1700 cm−1 and 3000-3500 cm−1 which correlates with the amount of α-helix and β-sheets structure of the protein. The fracture surfaces at control changed from uneven surfaces with large particles to smooth surfaces. Plastic deformation was observed at control and 20 pph but was absence at high glycerol content. Increasing the glycerol content was found to influence the water resistance properties of fish protein by reducing the absorption capability due to amount of α-helix and β-sheets structure.

SISTEM SOSIAL-BUDAYA PANTAI: Mata Pencaharian Nelayan dan Pengolah Ikan di Kelurahan Panggung Kecamatan Tegal Timur Kota Tegal

Panggung is located in Tegal City, a coastal village whose heterogeneous social structure, with a high work ethic, strong social solidarity, open to change and with closed social interactions. The livelihood system of this community is heterogeneous which evolve from traditional to modern types of work, including traditional fishing by local fishermen and fish processed food for commercial purpose by local house wives. Fishermen and local families not only sell raw fish but also produce a household scale of processed products so that the local livelihood system experiences and develops not only traditional fishing but also the business of processed fish products of household scale.

Przemiany w polskim przemyśle przetwórstwa rybnego

Przemysł przetwórstwa rybnego od kilku lat jest uważany za jeden z najszybciej rozwijających się działów przemysłu spożywczego w Polsce. Odgrywa on również znaczącą rolę w zaopatrywaniu rynku Unii Europejskiej w przetwory rybne. Istnieje jednak szereg zagrożeń dla jego dalszego funkcjonowania, tkwiących zarówno w otoczeniu zewnętrznym (bliższym i dalszym), jak i w otoczeniu wewnętrznym. Aktualne problemy krajowego przetwórstwa rybnego mają bardzo zróżnicowaną genezę. Istnieją takie, jak np. problem zaopatrzenia w surowiec, które były sygnalizowane już przed akcesją do struktur UE, ale są również nowe problemy, związane np. z niedoborem zasobów pracy czy brakiem nowoczesnego wsparcia instytucjonalnego. Rozpoznane trudności należy postrzegać nie tylko w perspektywie krótko- czy długookresowej. Warto także dostrzegać ich wagę i wzajemne relacje, które mogą wzmacniać lub osłabiać wyniki działalności gospodarczej pojedynczych podmiotów lub całego sektora. Nie bez znaczenia jest również oddzielenie zjawisk epizodycznych i cyklicznych, które mogą zakłócać poprawną interpretację trendów, zwłaszcza długookresowych. Celem pracy jest identyfikacja podstawowych problemów związanych z działalnością krajowych przedsiębiorstw przetwórstwa rybnego oraz próba określenia ich wpływu na podstawowe struktury przemysłu, w tym na strukturę produkcji, zatrudnienia, zbytu, a ostatecznie także na strukturę przestrzenną.

THE EMPOWERMENT STRATEGY OF THE TRADITIONAL FISHERMAN’S WIVES IN THE COASTAL AREA OF BARRU REGENCY, SOUTH SULAWESI

The policy of the Sarpras assistance program from the local government through the Office of Marine and Fisheries of Barru Regency has been conducted, but the income of traditional fisherman is not sufficient. Therefore, the role of wives is needed to fulfill the needs of the household. Research conducted in the Western Coastal Area of Barru Regency of South Sulawesi Province of Indonesia aims to analyze the empowerment strategy of traditional capture fisherman wives in order to improve the household economy. The type of research is a descriptive method with SWOT (Strength, Weakness Opportunities, and Threats) analysis technique through IFAS (Internal Factors Analysis Summary) and EFAS (External Factors Analysis Summary) and SWOT Matrix. Based on the time dimension using cross-sectional data of 2016 comes from the primary data. The samples of respondents were 34 traditional fishermen wives who worked in business groups in the sample districts by the census. The findings of the fishermen wives empowerment strategy can be done through strengthening coastal community institutions, access to capital, access to infrastructure and facilities, the technology of processing equipment, processed product modification technology, and marketing of processed fish products.

Coastal women empowerment in improving enterprise of fish product processing in Sanga-Sanga Districts

This research was conducted to identify and scrutinize women empowerment of fish product processing group in the District of Sanga-Sanga on 2017. The method used was survey method, which is direct observation and interview to respondent. Data were collected in the form of primary and secondary data. Collected data then processed, tabulated, and displayed in the table and graph. The measurement of women empowerment degree was measured by Likert Scale on 3 level, that are score 1 = low, score 2 = less, and score 3 = high. The result of research demonstrated that the rate of empowerment women group of fish product processor was high (score 42,75). Partially, awareness level or willingness to change of processing enterprise group which indicate empowerment indicator categorized as high (91,67%). The level of capability to increase the chance of acquiring access was high (66,67%), the level of capability to overcome an obstacle tend to categorized as less (50%) and the level of capability to collaborate was high (66,67%). It means that the level of coastal women empowerment could be reliable to do a reformation.

Molecular authentication of Pargo fillets Lutjanus purpureus (Perciformes: Lutjanidae) by DNA barcoding reveals commercial fraud

ABSTRACT The Caribbean Red Snapper (Pargo) Lutjanus purpureus is the most economically important snapper in Brazil, which is sold, among other forms, as frozen fillets. During the process of transformation into fillets there is the removal of the distinctive morphological traits, being able to favor the substitution by less valued species. In addition, there is no national legislation requiring the insertion of the specific name on the product label. However, according to a Normative Instruction (IN N ° 29/2015 MAPA) that correlates the common and specific names of the products destined to the national trade, in Brazil only L. purpureus and L. campechanus can be denominated “Pargo”. Thus, the DNA barcode tool was used to identify the fillets sold in north of Brazil, labeled “Pargo”, with the aid of sequences from the public and control databases. The results showed that among 142 fillets examined, 78% was identified as L. purpureus and 22% as Rhomboplites aurorubens, a snapper with low commercial value in the country, revealing commercial fraud. The molecular identification method successfully used in this study to authenticate fillets snappers may also be used by surveillance authorities in the quality control of processed fish products, towards ensuring consumer rights.

The Impacts of Transferring Marine and Fisheries Affairs in West Java Province and Indramayu Regency

This article aims to discuss implications prompted by the transfer of administrative affairs in the field of marine and fisheries following the enactment of Law 23 of 2014 on Regional Governance. The locus of this study lies in the West Java Province Marine and Fisheries Office and the Indramayu Regency Fisheries and Marine Office. The policy implications were analyzed based on three aspects, namely human resource, organization, and finance. In both offices there was an issue concerning the lack of human resource capacity to support the authority they applied. The number of provincial office personnel did not support the expansion of the office’s given authority. Meanwhile, the potential of regionally generated revenue through activities such as laboratory testing and export certification for processed fish products had been dropped since such authority had been transferred to the central government. The process of transferring regional/ municipal assets to the province had also left behind remaining issues due to indeterminate status of lands in the regency. Based on the description of the matter, the coordination process between the regional and central government seemed very poor in the implementation of this law. The process of fiscal independency also became threatened due to regulatory format weakening the regions to increase their regional revenue contributions.

A causal relationship model of purchasing behavior of consumers in Thailand regarding processed fish products

This research developed a causal relationship model of purchasing behavior of consumers in Thailand regarding processed fish products. The research sample of 700 consumers of fish products in the southern part of the country was recruited using a multi-stage sampling method. The results indicate that the model was consistent with the empirical data (χ2 = 1960.84, df = 403, χ2 / df = 4.87, RMSEA = 0.07, CFI = 0.92, TLI = 0.91, SRMR = 0.06). The results of data analysis showed that factors related to both consumers and external factors had direct and statistically significant influence on the consumer purchasing behavior of processed fish products. The factors related to consumer comprised—perception of product quality, effect of family member, mood-related product, attitude of consumer, and health consciousness—had a direct and positive influence on consumer purchasing behavior at levels of 0.397, 0.163, 0.145, 0.144, and 0.099 respectively. The external factors—suitability of product price and suitability of store environment—directly and positively influenced consumer purchasing behavior at levels of 0.290 and 0.156, respectively. In addition, the consumer purchasing behavior regarding processed fish products was indirectly but positively and significantly influenced by factors related to the consumers and the external factors. Consumer family members, consumer experience, and perception of product quality had an indirect but positive influence on consumer purchasing behavior at levels of 0.082, 0.074, and 0.013, respectively. The external factors of suitability of product price and convenience-related product indirectly but positively influenced the purchasing behavior of consumers at levels of 0.318 and 0.277, respectively. The results also showed that these causal variables could mutually explain 58 percent of the variance of consumer purchasing behavior regarding processed fish products.

Application of natural plant extracts as colorants, preservatives, and anti‐listerial agents in processed fish products

AbstractThe anti‐listerial activity of various plant extracts was investigated, qualitatively and quantitatively against Listeria monocytogenes strains. The extracts of Punica granatum peels (PPE) and Hibiscus sabdariffa calyxes (RCE) exhibited the most potent antibacterial activity. The application of PPE and RCE, as colorant, preservative, and antimicrobial agents, was conducted for the manufacturing of fish products (burger and surimi). The two extracts could effectively enhance the microbial, sensory, and shelf life attributes of prepared fish products. The combination of the extracts at their inhibitory concentrations lead to complete inhibition of inoculated L. monocytogenes cells, enhancing the sensory attributes of treated fish products and increasing panelists' preference.Practical applicationsFoodborne pathogens' transmission via fish products, for example, L. monocytogenes, is hazardous and must be overcome efficiently and safely. The substitution of synthetic and chemical food additives and preservatives with natural agents is a general request from all. Results of study supported the practical application of powerful anti‐listerial plant extracts, for example, pomegranate peels and rosella calyxes, for the control of L. monocytogenes, coloring and improving sensorial attributes of processed fish products, burger and surimi.

단순가공 어류 수산물 제조 공정 중의 식품학적 위해요소 분석

This study analyzed the food safety in processing process of simple-processed fishery products. A total of 88 samples analyzed for the presence of pathogenic bacteria and physicochemical hazards. No major foodborne pathogenic bacteria, such as Salmonella sp., Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli O157:H7, were detected in any of the samples. However, Bacillus cereus (12 samples, 13.6%) and Staphylococcus aureus (15 samples, 17.0%) were frequently detected in both the intermediate processing stages and the final products, although cell populations were not high. Very small amounts of heavy metals and histamine were detected in some samples, in quantities that did not exceed the safe guidelines according to Korean Government regulations. Similarly, no other physical hazards such as foreign material were observed in any of the samples. We concluded that there are no significant pathogenic bacteria or physicochemical food hazards in simply processed fish products from Korea. The present study strongly suggests that increased food sanitation measures should be implemented to decrease the prevalence of S. aureus in simple-processed fishery products.

The most important Myxosparean parasite species affecting cultured Mediterranean fish

Following the rapid development offish farming, an outbreak of pathological problems appeared, mainly of parasitic origin. These have an effect on fish growth(especially at cagegrowing stage), where periodically may cause mortality up to 80%, which has a serious economic impact on fish farming. Myxosporida have been implicated in outbreaks in both marine and freswhwater fish. The parasite M. leei causes serious disease affecting young sharp snout sea bream (Diplodus puntazzo C) and sea bream (Spams aurata L). Recendy, the life cycle of this parasite has been elucidated in sea bream as direct with fish to fish transmission, whereas there is no information on other marine Myxosporida species. In freshwater fish the life cycle of Myxosporida is indirect involving Tubifex spp. worms as intermediate hosts. In mixed infections of Ceratomyxa diplodae and M. leei mortality can be high. High fat diets is a well known predisposing factor. Myxobolus sp. is another myxosporean that affects farmed fish. Mature spores are found in cysts in the interstitial renal tissue in high prevalence and intensity in D. puntazzo during summer months. Sphaerospora dicentrarchi parasitises all the internal organs of sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L) with predilection in the gall bladder and in the muscular layers of intestine, where it can reach 100% and 70.5% of prevalence in wild and cultured fish, respectively, during summer months. Sphaerospora testicularis parasitises in the gonads of sea bass without inflammatory reaction, however, when intensity is high, it can cause total destruction of the organ. Polysporoplasma sparishas been reported in glomeruli of cultured sea bream in Spain, Andriatic Sea and fish farms all over Greece with high prevalence during summer. Ceratomyxa spp have also been found in various marine fish with no serious effect on fish hosts. Kudoa spp. have also been reported from many cultured and wild fish; these parasites affect the muscles and have an economic impact on processed fish products. Fish infected with Myxosporida spp are often emaciated, the gall bladder and abdomen are extended; the liver can be discolored showing fat degeneration; this may be obvious in most internal organs. Early trophozoites of Myxobolus sp. can be found in the renal parenchyma or encysted in melanomacrophage centres. Nephrocalcinosis is also found in later stages of trophozoite or cyst development. The treatment of Myxosporida spp is difficult. It is important to detect and diagnose early the disease and to assess the severity of the parasitoses. Fumagillin and the combination of Salinomycin & Amprolium are effective against most of these parasites except M. leei for which no effective treatment is still available.

INDUSTRI RUMAH TANGGA PANGAN OLAHAN BERBAHAN BAKU IKAN AIR TAWAR PADA KELOMPOK WANITA TANI DI DESA SENDEN, KECAMATAN MUNGKID, KABUPATEN MAGELANG

He majority of the residents of Senden Village, Mungkid Subdistrict, Magelang Regency are farmers with the main commodities of paddy whose income from rice farming is very small due to the narrowness of cultivated land (0.3278 ha). To increase household income, residents maintain freshwater fish in the yard of the house or on farms that pass through irrigation channels. This freshwater fish breed has also not yielded encouraging results due to technical marketing constraints. The contribution of freshwater fish cultivation to farm household income is still small, so a member of Senden Women Farmer Group tries to increase the added value of freshwater fish production by processing it into fish chips. This home-based business is not yet developed and economically feasible yet. Therefore, action research activities are conducted to facilitate the mothers of KWT members to pioneer various processed food business with the abundant raw materials available in the village. This research aims to create productive economic activity of Senden Women Farmer Group in order to increase household income by: (1) giving fish fish cracker, fish nugget and fish meatball training professionally, having commercial value and selling merchandise; (2) facilitating the packaging of processed fish products; (3) to provide technical training and storage management of processed fish products to be durable and maintained its quality.

English

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of two processing methods (smoking and solar drying) on the proximate content, organoleptic characteristics and nutritional qualities of Clarias gariepinus. The moisture content of the smoked fish sample was lower (8.10%) than that of the sun dried sample (25.00%). The crude protein, carbohydrate, fat, ash, crude fibre and nitrogen free extract of the smoked fish sample were 67.20, 1.75, 13.20, 5.50, 3.68 and 2.32%, respectively, compared to 52.50, 4.07, 17.40, 11.40, 2.00 and 18.30% observed in the sun-dried fish, respectively. Mean scores of organoleptic evaluation showed that both processed fish products were preferred (≥ 7.00) by the trained panellists. However, there was significant difference (p<0.05) between the two processed fish products in terms of organoleptic assessment. Smoked fish had better flavour, taste, texture and general acceptability than the solar-dried fish as revealed by the panellists. With better reduction in moisture content and higher protein content observed in fish subjected to smoking, it is concluded that smoking is better than solar drying in the processing of C. gariepinus. Key words: Assessment, organoleptic-evaluation, Clarias gariepinus, processing methods.

Efficacy of warm water, Sodium hypochlorite and Trisodium phosphate on E.coli O157: H7 and Salmonella typhimurium artificially inoculated in Telapia nilotica fillets

The&nbsp;Nile tilapia&nbsp;(Oreochromis niloticus) (Tilapia nilotica) is a native fish in Egypt and it is widely consumed as it represent a great protein source. The health of Egyptians is badly affected by some foodborne pathogens such as E.coli O157: H7 and Salmonella Typhimurium which are being transmitted by eating the contaminated Tilapia nilotica fillets. This experiment was carried out to decontaminate tilapia fillets samples by reference strains of E.coli O157: H7 and Salmonella Typhimurium. This was done by dipping of samples in warm water (45&deg;C) for 5 minutes, trisodium phosphate 8% for 20 minutes and sodium hypochlorite 50 ppm for 20 minutes. The count of examined E.coli O157: H7 was decreased by 98.05%, 94.5% and 70.49% for previous treatments respectively while the count of Salmonella Typhimurium was decreased by 82.62%, 78.12% and 32.39% for previous treatments respectively. Some fish products with inferior quality were distributed in markets so the government must apply strict legislations on producers to ensure safe fish products for people, and must improve hygienic conditions during fishing, transportation, processing and storage of fish products.

Fraudulence Detection in Fish Marketing of Bangladesh using DNA Barcoding

DNA barcoding, based on the sequencing of a short, standardized region of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) gene has the potential to be a practical method for fish species identification in raw or processed fish products. The aim of this study was to identify the level of fraudulence in fish marketing particularly in super shops of Bangladesh. Different species of fish as whole or in fillet were collected from different supermarkets and local markets of Dhaka metropolis for examination. COI gene sequence was amplified using random primers (Fish F1, Fish F2, Fish R1 and Fish R2) and then compared with reference sequences from GenBank and BOLD (Barcode of Life Data Systems). The database was able to provide species matches of &gt;85% sequence similarity for ten samples tested. The overall fraudulence was detected 80% but specifically for whole fish it was 85.71% and fraudulence for fish fillet was 66.67%. These naming discrepancies and ambiguities demonstrate that DNA barcoding can be a reliable tool for the detection of fish products mislabeling in Bangladesh. Therefore, it can be a useful tool for fraudulence control, law enforcement and guiding consumers to get rid of fish product fraudulence.Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 41, No. 1, 17-27 2017

LONG TIME CURRING PROCESS ONLY SKIN FISH TENGGIRI (Scomberomorus commersonii) AS RAW MATERIALS

Skin of narrow - barred Spanish mackerel has not been maximally utilized. It is alternatively used as chips. It has good taste obtained from immersion the fish skin into herbs and spices. The objective of the study was to find the optimum time length of immersing the mackerel’s skin into the spices. This study is expected to be able to produce the desired chip product, diversify the processed fish products, create new household industry, and provide scientific information on environmental friendly waste utilization. The ingredients needed in chip processing of the mackerel chips were garlic, tamarind, lime, coriander, salt, and ginger. The study used a Complete Randomized Design with 4 treatments each of which with 3 replications, and the testing parameters were color, aroma, taste, and texture.Results showed that the lowest water content occurred in treatment A, 11.10 %, and the highest in treatment C, 13.26 %, while the lowest protein was found in treatment A, 24.50 %, and the highest in treatment D, 61.25%. Water content was statistically significantly different and protein content was highly significantly different among treatments. The organoleptic test found that the lowest mean value occurred in treatment A, 5.046, and the highest in treatment B, 5.294. The sensory test gave significant effect only on the taste. This difference indicates that the immersion time length of the treatments could also impact on water content or protein content

Development of a Method to Extract and Amplify the Complete Mitogenome of Some Sparidae Species.

Previous studies showed that fish mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is set up by a closed circular molecule of 16-17 kilobases (kb), comprising 2 ribosomal RNA genes (rRNA), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNA), 13 protein-coding genes and 2 non-coding regions. The analysis of single mtDNA genes, such as Cytb, COI, 16S and 12S, or short segment of them, has been widely used against species substitution in both fresh and processed fish products. The analysis of the complete mitochondrial genome of fishery products allows to better study and characterise fish species. The aim of this research was to extract and amplify the complete mtDNA of some fish species of commercial interest belonging to the Sparidae family. The studied species were Dentex dentex, Dentex gibbosus, Dentex nufar, Pagellus acarne and Pagellus erythrinus. The entire mitogenome was obtained by gene amplification using long polymerase chain reactions. The analysis of the complete mitochondrial sequences will allow to gain further insights on these species and to find polymorphic sites that assess the degree of genetic variability of the species belonging to the family Sparidae.

PENINGKATAN PENGAMALAN NILAI KEISLAMAN DI DESA SEMUDUN KABUPATEN MEMPAWAH

Semudun village is one of the villages in Sungai Kunyit with an area of 780 hectares. At first, Semudun village was united with Mendalok village. Along with the development of villages and population growth, Semudun village was divided into Mendalok village, located in the North side and Semudun Village in the south part. Based on problems and potentials of Semudun village above, and also consideration of expertise knowledge, the activities of community services which will be held in the village Semudun just at the aspect of lacking of syiar Islam and low incomes. To address both of these problems, associated with its potential, activities was focused increased activity in the mosque in the form of pengajian and establishment AlQuran Education Centre in the mosque. Meanwhile, to increase people's income was associated with the potential of fish resources to be carried in explanation and training of manufacturing of processed fish products after harvest, so the fish were obtained not only sold directly in the market, but were processed further do increase the economic value of fish that will impact on rising incomes. Keywords: semudun village Problems, semudun village potential, increased Syiar, improve household incomes.

EXPORT EFFICIENCY OF THE FISH PROCESSING INDUSTRY IN NORTH SULAWESI

Processed fish products are international trade items which constitute a coneiderable portion of North Sulawesi province's export earnings. The first live commodities are fresh tuna, canned tuna, frozen tuna, frozen malalugis, and hateuobushi.

Characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus Isolated Smoked Fish Pinekuhe from Traditionally Processed from Sangihe District

Pinekuhe is the local name for smoked scad fish (Decapterus sp.), a traditionally processed fish product from Sangihe Islands whose taste, aroma and form are typical and unique. In this research aims of physiological and biochemical characteristics with pathogenicity isolated S. aureus which the isolated from the product smoked scad fish (Decapterus rusellii) Pinekuhe it was produce and prepared by the local fisherman in Sangihe Island Regency. The isolated that have gathered from this researched was 111 product isolate from the smoke fish Pinekuhe which grown from media MSA. Its had isolated already through the&lt;br /&gt;test of physiological comprise, Gram staining and from the test of biochemical e.g., from the test Catalase, Voges-Proskauer, and Fermentation carbohydrate tests (Glucose and Manitol). The characteristics of pathogenicity S. aureus had been done and used by making of Coagulase, Nuklease Thermostabil production&lt;br /&gt;and deoksiribonuklease (DNase). The result of this research showing that had still 111 isolating strains that still ingroup which consists of 108 isolated Staphylococcus and from 108 strains to 68 strains that had been test in identifying, as of Staphylococcus aureus with characteristics of Gram positif coccus, catalase positif,&lt;br /&gt;Voges-Proskauer positif, and to Fermentation Glucose and Manitol. The 68 isolate S. aureus that characterize from Phatogen principles product Coagulase test, Nuklease Thermostabil and deoksiribonuklease (DNase). S. aureus is dominant (62%) contaminate smoked fish Pinekuhe processed traditional of Sangihe island.