Development Of Processing Technology Research Articles

Engineering modulation of cellulose-induced metal–organic frameworks assembly behavior for advanced adsorption and separation

The exploration of methods to remove harmful pollutants has become inevitable due to the increasing number of industries and the intensification and acceleration of environmental pollution. Therefore, the development of effective adsorption and separation process technologies is essential to ensure environmental remediation. Metal-organic framework (MOF) has attracted great attention in adsorption and separation area due to its large porosity, large specific surface area, tunable pore structure, and high chemical and thermal stability. However, the powder state of MOF results in weak flexibility, manufacturability, and recyclability, severely limiting its application. In this case, the synthesis of MOF composites by in-situ or ex-situ growth with abundant and sustainable cellulose family materials is an effective strategy for stabilizing these MOF species, modulating the assembly behavior of MOF, and expanding the forms of MOF application. Particularly, exciting research activities have emerged ranging from fabrication strategies for cellulose/MOF composites to adsorption and separation applications. In this review, the recent advances in cellulose/MOF composites regarding assembly methods, processing strategies, and adsorption and separation areas are comprehensively summarized. Meanwhile, focusing on the design concept of using cellulose to regulate the assembly behavior of MOF to construct macrostructures, the property characteristics and design principles of cellulose/MOF composites are deeply analyzed with examples. Moreover, the crucial challenges and future perspectives are also meticulously analyzed and discussed. We sincerely hope this review can further promote the research enthusiasm for cellulose/MOF composites in adsorption and separation applications and provide useful references for the design and application strategies of cellulose/MOF.

The effects of ACR/MAH ionic cross-linking on the cell morphology, mechanical properties, and dimensional stability of PVC foams

This study details a novel approach to enhance the dimensional stability of foamed polyvinyl chloride (PVC) materials through the introduction of a reversible cross-linking network. This is achieved via the carboxylation of acrylate polymers (ACR) utilizing the hydrolysis reaction of maleic anhydride (MAH) during the extrusion of PVC foam sheets. Subsequently, an ionic cross-linking network is formed using calcium-zinc (Ca-Zn) stabilizers. This paper elucidates the process of cell formation and the mechanisms underpinning the ACR/MAH ion network formation. Cell morphology of the foamed PVC was characterized using SEM, and the effects of ionic cross-linking on the plasticizing time, dimensional stability, and mechanical properties were analyzed through cell diameter distribution measurements and rheometry. The longitudinal and transverse dimensional shrinkage of PVC-F/MAH1 was reduced by 28.0 % and 28.9 %, respectively. The construction of the ACR/MAH ion cross-linking network not only augments the mechanical properties but also substantially enhances the dimensional stability of the material. This approach underscores the viability of ion cross-linking networks in advancing the performance parameters of PVC foams, suggesting a promising avenue for future research and development in polymer processing technology, and potentially expanding their application spectrum.

Effective regulation of the interaction process among three optical solitons

Abstract The interaction between three optical solitons is a complex and valuable research direction, which is of practical application for promoting the development of optical communication and all-optical information processing technology. In this paper, we start from the study of the variable-coefficient coupled higher-order nonlinear Schrödinger equation (VCHNLSE), and obtain an analytical three-soliton solution of this equation. Based on the obtained solution, the interaction of the three optical solitons is explored when they are incident from different initial velocities and phases. When the higher-order dispersion and nonlinear functions are sinusoidal, hyperbolic secant and hyperbolic tangent functions, the transmission properties of three optical solitons before and after the interactions are discussed. Besides, this paper achieves effective regulation of the amplitude and velocity of the optical solitons as well as of the local state of the interaction process, and interaction-free transmission of the three optical solitons is obtained with a small spacing. The relevant conclusions of the paper are of great significance in promoting the development of high-speed and large-capacity optical communication, optical signal processing and optical computing.

REDef-DETR: real-time and efficient DETR for industrial surface defect detection

Abstract Industrial surface defect detection is an important part of industrial production, which aims to identify and detecting various defects on the surface of product to ensure quality and meet customer requirements. With the development of deep learning and image processing technologies, the surface defect detection methods based on computer vision has become the mainstream method. However, the prevalent convolutional neural network-based defect detection methods also have many problems. For example, these methods rely on post-processing of Non-Maximum Suppression and have poor detection ability for small targets, which affects the speed and accuracy of surface defect detection in industrial scenarios. Therefore, we propose a novel DEtection TRansformer-based surface defect detection method. Firstly, we propose a Multi-scale Contextual Information Dilated module and fuse it into the backbone. The module is mainly composed of large kernel convolutions, which aims to expand the receptive field of the model, thus reducing the leakage rate of the model. Moreover, we design an efficient encoder which mainly contains two important modules, namely feature enhancement based on cascaded group attention module and efficient feature fusion module based on content-aware. The former module effectively enhances the high-level semantic information extracted by the backbone, thus enabling the model to better interpret features, and it can improve the problem of high computational cost of transformer encoder, thus increasing the detection speed. The latter module performs multi-scale feature fusion across the feature information of various scales, thus improving the detection accuracy of the model for small-size defects. Experimental results show that the proposed method achieves 80.6%mAP and 80.3FPS on NEU-DET, and 98.0%mAP and 79.4FPS on PCB-DET. Our proposed method exhibits excellent detection performance and achieves real-time and efficient surface defect detection capability to meet the needs of industrial surface defect detection.

The development history and future prospects of artificial intelligence in facial recognition technology

In recent decades, with the fast development of various algorithms and the rapid improvement of computer hardware performance, the development of facial recognition technology has been very rapid. This technology used to only appear in science fiction movies, but now it has been widely used in mobile payments, identity recognition, and other fields, and it also has very reliable performance. This article introduces the different facial recognition methods used in different periods of facial recognition technology from the 1960s and 1970s to the present day, to help people understand the development process of facial recognition technology. Among them, the focus is on early methods based on geometric features, grayscale information, and feature extraction, as well as recent applications based on deep learning and convolutional neural networks. In response to some challenges faced by current technology, some speculations on possible future development directions are proposed.

Application of deep learning-based speech signal processing technology in electronic communication

In recent years, the artificial intelligence boom triggered by deep learning is influencing and changing peoples lifestyles. People are no longer satisfied with human-computer interaction through simple text commands; instead, they look forward to more convenient and faster communication methods like voice interaction. Against the backdrop of innovative development, the application of speech signal processing systems is becoming increasingly widespread. Therefore, it is necessary to study the application of deep learning-based speech signal processing technology in electronic communication. This can provide more valuable references and assistance for future development, promoting the better development of deep learning-based speech signal processing technology in electronic communication. In this paper, we first review the application of deep learning in speech signal enhancement, speech recognition, and speech synthesis from a theoretical analysis perspective. Then, we discuss the application of deep learning-based speech signal processing in electronic communication, including the application of models such as Transformer, LAS (Listen, Attend and Spell), and GFT-conformer in speech signal processing. We also discuss some application scenarios of deep learning-based speech signal processing in electronic communication. Finally, we identify the need for deeper application of deep learning technology in speech signal processing and electronic communication, with continuous optimization and adjustment.

A Sociotechnical Readiness Level Framework for the Development of Advanced Nuclear Technologies

The Technology Readiness Level (TRL) scale was initially developed by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration in the 1970s and is now widely used in space, nuclear, and other complex technology sectors in the United States and beyond. The TRL scale is particularly useful for determining where the extrapolation of untested subsystems or features could produce technical risk, cause expensive redesigns, or act as a roadblock to technology development. In this paper, we propose the development of a sociotechnical readiness level or SRL, premised on the understanding that the successful development and eventual use of a technology requires achieving not only full technological readiness but also anticipating, prioritizing, and addressing societal concerns that may arise during the course of development of a technology. Failures to anticipate and address societal factors in the early stages of technology development have led to high-profile delays, and in some cases, ultimate failures of nuclear technology projects. The sociotechnical readiness scale, which conceptually draws on the design research and science and technology studies scholarship, centers on the principles of equity and environmental justice in technology design and emphasizes the need for social engagement during the process of technology development. Nowhere is such an approach to technology development more vital or needed than for the long-term management of spent nuclear fuel.

Pencil lead etched by plasma: Novel photonic material that can control the reflection from the visible to the infrared region

The development of surface processing technology that modulate the intensity of light reflection over a wide wavelength range has important implications for the application of photonics technology. We previously reported that plasma irradiation to a pencil lead formed structural colors. This phenomenon occurs by the thin-layer interference between the clay in the pencil lead exposed by the plasma etching and the surface graphite of the sample. We now report that a pencil lead irradiated with plasma for a long time becomes a new photonic material that caused interference in the near-infrared or mid-infrared range. The thickness of the clay layer exposed by the plasma etching increased with the increment of the plasma irradiation time, and the reflection spectra in the near-infrared and mid-infrared ranges were changed by the light interferences. In addition, the reflection spectrum pattern of the plasma-treated sample well agreed with the simulated pattern based on a thin-layer interference model. According to this method, photonic materials with the desired reflectance over a wide wavelength range can be produced by varying the plasma irradiation time. Furthermore, the irradiation time required to produce the desired optical material can be estimated by the simulation. The infrared reflective area can be easily controlled by using a masking plastic plate. With this method, we succeeded in forming letters on the sample that could only be read by an infrared camera.

A Spotlight on the Potential of Microscopic Motile Algae as Novel Sources for Modern Cosmetic Products

The recognition and use of algae in the very trend-driven cosmetic industry is progressively increasing. Up to now, the main focus was on large seaweeds and a limited number of microalgae. However, motile microalgae, flagellates, remain underscored in this aspect, although some of them are utilized commercially. Flagellates from different taxonomic groups occupy various habitats and contain bioactive high-value multifunctional compounds, some of which are novel. Moreover, they may simultaneously produce different substances, which together with the development of downstream processing technologies, makes them a promising source for modern biotechnology. The present review covers data on 411 strains, 251 species from 110 genera from 6 phyla, and is oriented generally towards less explored flagellates. It demonstrates their great potential as bearers of interesting novel compounds that can be beneficially applied in modern cosmetics. Safety aspects of both sources and products are also discussed. Considering the gaps in the knowledge, the necessity to expand the research on both well-known and yet unexplored microalgae is shown, encouraging the development of upstreaming processes, including phycoprospecting. Last but not least, this paper outlines the role of living culture collections and of using good taxonomic expertise before running the biochemical tests, cultivation, and bioengineering experiments.

Translational Aspects of 3D and 4D Printing and Bioprinting.

Three-dimensional (3D) printed medical devices include orthopedic and craniofacial implants, surgical tools, and external prosthetics that have been directly used in patients. While the advances of additive manufacturing techniques in the production of medical devices have been on the rise, clinical translation of living cellular constructs face significant limitations in terms of regulatory affairs, process technology, and materials development. In this perspective, the current status-quo of 3D and four-dimensional (4D) (bio)printing is summarized, current advancements are discussed and the challenges that need to be addressed for improved industrial translation and clinical applications of bioprinting are highlighted. It is focused on a multidisciplinary approach in discussing the key translational considerations, from the perspective of industry, regulatory bodies, funding strategies, and future directions.

Penerapan Teknologi Pengolahan Citra dalam Analisis Data Visual pada Tinjauan Komprehensif

Image processing has become a key technology in visual data analysis, making significant contributions across various fields such as healthcare, security, and the creative industry. This article provides a comprehensive review of the application of image processing technology in visual data analysis, focusing on the latest methods, tools, and practical applications. We discuss various image processing techniques, including segmentation, edge detection, and pattern recognition, as well as how these techniques are applied to process and analyze visual data. The study also includes performance evaluations of various commonly used image processing algorithms and software. Additionally, we explore the challenges faced in applying this technology, such as image resolution issues, noise, and high computational demands. By offering an extensive overview of the development and implementation of image processing technology, this article aims to be a valuable reference for researchers and practitioners working in the field of visual data analysis.

New insights into the influencing mechanisms of hemicellulose removal on dynamic wood-water interactions characterized with low-field NMR

Hemicellulose, one of the most hygroscopic components, highly affected wood properties and wood-water interactions. To get more knowledge about the effects of hemicellulose on wood, this study changed hemicellulose content of wood through hydro-thermal removal of about 8 %, 20 % and 70 %. The dynamic cell water state and distribution during 384 h water absorption and air drying were characterized with low-field nuclear magnetic resonance technique (LFNMR). During water absorption, wood with less hemicellulose initially had higher and faster moisture increase, consisting of more free water in cell lumina and some large voids in cell walls than bound water in cell walls. The highest ratio of free water to bound water reached over 4.5, which was higher than that of untreated wood by over 15 %. This was because hemicellulose removal changed wood-water interaction environments suggested by SEM, FTIR and N2 absorption analysis. Specifically, hemicellulose removal enriched porous structures, especially the mesopore in cell walls. Although sorption sites decreased after hemicellulose removal, increased water paths and water accommodations played a more important role during initial water absorption. Besides, hemicellulose removal facilitated wood air drying, and the decreased moisture included more free water than bound water. This was because the enriched water paths accelerated water exchange, and sorption site decrease after hemicellulose loss reduced wood attraction to water molecules. Therein, the bound water leaving was generally slower than free water for hydrogen bond interaction with wood. The T2 s of bound water and free water were both shortened after hemicellulose removal, possibly because mesopore diameter reduction tightened wood-water bonding. This study provided new insights into understanding role of hemicellulose removal in dynamic wood-water interactions and facilitating development of wood processing technology.

Visual Analyses of Hot Spots and Frontiers in Zanthoxylum planispinum Research Based on CiteSpace

Zanthoxylum planispinum is a type of plant with homologous properties in medicine and food, making it well-loved in China. To explore the development of the Z. planispinum field over the past 20 years, its research hotspots and frontier trends were analyzed. This study conducted database-based visualization analyses and knowledge graph analyses using CiteSpace software with data concerning Z. planispinum published in the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure and Web of Science databases between 2003 and 2023. Over the last 20 years, the number of Chinese and English publications on Z. planispinum has shown increasing trends. The foci of this research were mainly germplasm resources, cultivation management, seed oil extraction technology, flavonoid extraction technology, and correlation analyses of antioxidant activities. The main research frontiers included the unified standard naming and adaptation mechanisms of Z. germplasm resources, orientation cultivation, functional component extraction, processing technology research and development, and industrial chain construction. The results provide a scientific reference for the high-quality development of the prickly ash industry.

Research Trends Related on Hair Style in the Text Mining of Big Data Analysis

This study identified research trends by conducting keyword word frequency (TF), related word analysis (N-gram), and reverse document frequency (TF-IDF) through text mining, which analyzes text, which is unstructured data in big data, using the title and Korean abstract of domestic academic papers searched as hairstyles keywords in the Research Information Service (RISS). Through the research results, it was confirmed that hairstyles represent the characteristics of the times, and they are producing them or writing papers to understand preferences through statistics. The purpose of this study is to provide basic data to identify research trends through keywords extracted through text mining that analyzes text, which is unstructured data, in a new way with the development of big data processing technology.

System for Assessing R&D Effectiveness as a Basis for Monitoring the Development of Scientific and Technological Sphere

The authors outline general methodology for the creation of the earlier proposed system for the assessment of R&D effectiveness as the most important element of the process of monitoring scientific and technological development of Russia (collection and analysis of information, assessment of scientific and technological results, scientific and technological forecast, R&D planning and financing) and of the strategic planning of scientific and technological sphere of the country. The attention is focused on the content of the introduced into the system characteristics of R&D results obtained in the country. Practical implementation of the system would improve the effectiveness of the domestic R&D sector, stimulate the innovative development of the country, increase the efficiency of the national economy and the quality of life. The purpose of the work is to create the most complete list of characteristics of R&D results included into the R&D assessment system. The list of such characteristics includes the initially introduced data regarding an R&D result (type, authors, year of getting the result, etc.), as well as the assessments received during a double examination: by expert scientists and leading scientific organizations in the given scientific field or educational institutions. In addition, the characteristics of scientific and technological results should include data that may be required by users of the system both being and not being subjects of scientific and technological activities: state, regional and municipal authorities; monitoring systems of intersectoral complexes, industries and organizations; R&D products’ customers. The authors also proposed possible approaches to financial support for the functioning of the system and monitoring of the effectiveness of the Russian scientific and technological development, which may become the basis for the operation of the proposed system. In solving problems the authors relied on verbal modeling approaches, while for decomposing tasks of consumers of scientific and technological activities - on methods of program-target planning.

EVOLUTION OF THE THEORY OF HUMAN CAPITAL

This scientific article is aimed at identifying trends in the formation and evolution of human capital against the background of the rapid development of technological processes. When writing the article, various tools of scientific knowledge were used, such as comparative analysis, scientific abstraction and synthesis. During the formation and transition to a new technological order, the role of man and human capital is being reviewed in economic processes. Currently, there are various variations that help to form ideas about the stages of development, the degree of influence, the essence and role of man and human capital in economic processes, while one should not forget about the retrospective (evaluative) analysis when considering the theory of human capital. Nowadays, the theory of human capital is able to answer many pressing questions of modern civil society; These questions are largely caused by shifts and changes in innovative and technological development in the process of the 5th and 6th technological order. In these realities, the issue of accumulation and subsequent growth of human capital becomes on a par with other pressing issues of national development. It is worth remembering that high-quality and effective human capital has a huge impact on the development of the state’s innovative economy. Keywords: evolution, theory, human capital, economic development, technological shifts.

Recent advances in robust and ultra‐thin Li metal anode

AbstractLi metal batteries have been widely expected to break the energy‐density limits of current Li‐ion batteries, showing impressive prospects for the next‐generation electrochemical energy storage system. Although much progress has been achieved in stabilizing the Li metal anode, the current Li electrode still lacks efficiency and safety. Moreover, a practical Li metal battery requires a thickness‐controllable Li electrode to maximally balance the energy density and stability. However, due to the stickiness and fragile nature of Li metal, manufacturing Li ingot into thin electrodes from conventional approaches has historically remained challenging, limiting the sufficient utilization of energy density in Li metal batteries. Aiming at the practical application of Li metal anode, the current issues and their initiation mechanism are comprehensively summarized from the stability and processability perspectives. Recent advances in robust and ultra‐thin Li metal anode are outlined from methodology innovation to provide an overall insight. Finally, challenges and prospective developments regarding this burgeoning field are critically discussed to afford future outlooks. With the development of advanced processing and modification technology, we are optimistic that a truly great leap will be achieved in the foreseeable future toward the industrial application of Li metal batteries.

Development of a novel salt processing technology and its performance and economic evaluation: an experimental study

ABSTRACT This study aimed to develop a novel, sustainable, highly efficient, and affordable salt processing technology tailored to local salt producers. Novel technology converts raw solar sea salt into the finest dried salt, which is widely accepted by various industries. Experiments were conducted at a drying temperature of 80°C, with an air velocity of 30 m/s, and a feed rate of 125 kg per hour to evaluate the proposed novel salt processing technology. Performance evaluation was based on product quality parameters (e.g. wet moisture content, sodium chloride (NaCl) percentage, and whiteness) and specific energy consumption. The economic assessment relied on financial analysis and payback period parameters. The results indicated a reduction in salt sample moisture content from 10.37% ± 0.4% to 0.47% ± 0.02%, with NaCl percentage and whiteness of the salt produced at 98.5% ± 0.3% and 81 ± 0.7, respectively. The specific energy consumption for the novel salt processing technology was 0.119 ± 0.07 kWh/kg of the final salt product. Initial investment requirements totalled IDR 275,435,000, with a payback period of 1.66 years. This proposed novel salt processing technology has the potential to generate high-quality dried salt with a production efficiency of 89.5%. Consequently, it could enhance local producer’s businesses, seize opportunities in the national salt market, support rural industrialisation, and be best configured for Indonesia’s local salt producers.

Effects of Dowel Rotation Welding Conditions on Connection Performance for Chinese Fir Dimension Lumbers

In this study, the rotating welding process of Chinese fir (Keteleeriafortunei) in Guizhou, China, was systematically analyzed. The effects of rotating welding conditions, including the dowel-to-guide hole diameter ratio, welding time, depth, base surface, angle, and dowel type, on the performance of welded Chinese fir were explored. Moreover, the physical and chemical changes oftheChinese fir interface during welding were revealed by Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The results indicated the following: (1) The rotating welding technology can quickly achieve a strong connection between wood through friction heat without chemical adhesives and compared with traditional wood connection technology such as gluing or mechanical fixing;it has the advantages of simple operation, high production efficiency; and environmental friendliness. (2) Aftertherotating welding, the wood underwent significant pyrolysis, especially the degradation of hemicellulose. The heat generated in the welding process caused good melting and mechanical interlocking between the dowel and the wall of the guide hole, but it was also accompanied by afriction loss of the dowel and the substrate. (3) The welding parameters affected the wood’s connection strength and stability by altering heat production, distribution, transfer, and frictional losses. The impact of the dowel-to-guide hole diameter ratio had a great influence on the connection strength. When the diameter ratio was 1:0.7, the tensile strength was the highest, reaching 2.27 MPa. (4) The analyses of XPS, FTIR, XRD, and SEM proved thatthechemical composition changes at the interface, leading to a more structured crystalline bond and enhanced connection strength due to fiber entanglement and interlocking. This research providesatheoretical and experimental basis forthefurther innovation and development of wood processing technology and provides a new technical path forthegreen manufacturing of wood structure buildings.

Technology Transfer and Process Development of Danicopan to Enable Process Validation

Technology Transfer and Process Development of Danicopan to Enable Process Validation