Technology Transfer Process Research Articles

Tool for assessment of the green technology transfer structure in Brazilian public universities

This article presents one analysis of the management of green technology transfer within the context of Brazilian public universities. The study aimed to evaluate the existing practices and identify areas for improvement in the dissemination and absorption of environmental technologies. The research methodology employs an applied and exploratory approach, combining quantitative and qualitative analyses. The study applied a tool specifically designed to assess and support technology managers in the green technology transfer process. This tool incorporates eleven dimensions, including People, Process, Budget, Relationship, Integrated Management, Research and Development (R&D) in Green Technologies, Intellectual Property, Valuation, Commercialization, Environment, and Society. To analyze the effectiveness of the developed tool, a diagnosis was carried out in the Brazilian scenario. The survey identified and evaluated 413 university-registered groups that are actively involved in green research. The collected data were analyzed using statistical techniques such as Pearson's linear correlation coefficients, multivariate analysis, and factor analysis. The findings highlight several gaps and challenges in the green technology transfer process. These gaps present opportunities for improvement and call for universities to develop strategic measures to address them. Collaborative efforts with Technology Transfer Offices (TTOs) and research groups within the institutions are also crucial in bridging these gaps. The study concludes by urging universities to adopt strategies that focus on reducing identified gaps and promoting sustainable collaboration between academia and industry in the field of green technology transfer. Overall, this research points to the current state of green technology transfer management in Brazilian public universities, providing valuable insights and recommendations for enhancing the process and driving sustainable innovation in the country.

The Proposal of Data Sharing Platform Principles for Academic Spin-off Companies

In order to streamline the technology transfer process, eliminate errors and speed up the implementation of new innovations, the author proposes basic principles for creating a platform for sharing information between spin-off companies, which will enable effective cooperation between individual entities with the potential to have a positive impact on the economic and technological environment. By studying research on the topic of strategy, innovation and data sharing, the author compiled the basic principles of the platform according to the qualitative Grounded theory method with regard to the practical usability of the created proposal.

Enabling Low-Carbon Tourism Through Technology Transfer in Indonesia: A PESTEL Analysis

The tourism and travel sector has contributed significantly to Indonesia’s economic growth and robust development. Despite its positive impact, tourism and travel business activities also potentially impact environmental loss. In order to reduce these negative impacts, the new concept of tourism, namely low-carbon tourism, which focuses on environmental sustainability, can be implemented as the enabler. One of the factors that can support the implementation is the existence of environmentally friendly technology that requires a technology transfer process. This paper aims to overview the role and implication of technology transfer for enabling low-carbon tourism in Indonesia and outlining a conceptual framework for addressing the political (P), economic (E), social (S), technological (T), environmental (E), and legal (L) factors that constrain and support in enabling low-carbon tourism through technology transfer in Indonesia. A qualitative library research method and PESTEL analysis were employed to analyze and map the implications of external factors influencing the development of low-carbon tourism through technology transfer in Indonesia. The paper denotes that all the factors (political, economic, social, technological, environmental, and legal) were interrelated. Nevertheless, the economic factor was the only one with a moderate policy to encourage businesses to use green practices, particularly for the carbon tax policy. Consequently, there was still an opportunity for monetary policy to promote low-carbon tourism.

Provisions for The Use of Foreign Workers in Indonesia

The use of foreign workers in Indonesia is intended to transfer knowledge and SKILL. Various requirements must be met as a condition if the entrepreneur/company wishes to bring in foreign workers. The purpose of placing foreign workers in Indonesia; first, is to meet the need for skilled and professional workers in certain fields that cannot be filled by Indonesian Migrant Workers; second, accelerating the process of national development by accelerating the process of technology transfer or knowledge transfer, especially in the industrial sector; third, provide expansion of employment opportunities for Indonesian Migrant Workers; fourth, increase foreign investment as a support for development capital in Indonesia. This type of research uses normative methods by analyzing legal provisions with statutory and case approaches, is descriptive analysis in nature which aims to describe, inventory, and analyze regarding the provisions governing foreign workers in Indonesia through library research. The discussion in this study is an effort to avoid legal problems and the excessive use of foreign workers, the government must carefully determine the policies to be taken in order to maintain a balance between foreign workers and domestic workers. The manpower aspect, especially in terms of the obligation to use Indonesian workers and the necessity to hold industrial training, transfer of knowledge and technology as well as work permits for foreign workers is an absolute requirement in relation to the use of labor.

Measuring the EU Member States RDI and Technology Transfer Process Efficiency: A DEA Approach

Measuring the EU Member States RDI and Technology Transfer Process Efficiency: A DEA Approach

Sistema para la articulación de elementos claves en los procesos de transferencia tecnológica en los países latinoamericanos

The paper proposes a technology transfer system for Latin American countries based on the Latin American model of technology transfer and the digital information obtained. Theoretical methods are used taking into account the analysis of qualitative information, quantitative data is required from the number of specific digital access documents. The Latin American model of technology transfer shows the need to establish technology transfer projects and offices, to which is added a monitoring of the transferred results. It was confirmed that Higher Education Institutions need technological surveillance observatories to evaluate changes, trends and possible transformations in the implementation of technology transfer processes and systems. In conclusion, Latin American countries could develop new models or systems of technology transfer emphasizing changes in the relationship system between the key elements, in particular the University and the business sector, and include the technology transfer offices as an articulating entity between the two.

The Integration of Community-Based Technology Transfer using the KWL Plus Technique for the Acceleration of Sustainable Community Enterprises in Phetchabun Province

This study aims to create and develop technology transfer and local wisdom through community involvement in the production of the rice-based Thai dessert known as Krayasart while also monitoring and evaluating the technology transfer and local wisdom processes. The sample group for this study consists of Ban Na Ruamjai Women's Community Enterprise and a total of 40 participants who are enthusiastic about taking part in the manual transfer project on fusing technology and local expertise to advance community enterprises about producing Krayasart using the KWL Plus technique. The following research resources were employed: (1) data recording of conversations with community business groups regarding the Krayasart, (2) the KWL Plus technology transfer methodology, and (3) a satisfaction survey for the KWL Plus technique manual's use of local knowledge, using which project participants are questioned. The findings indicate that the handbook on technology transfer using the KWL Plus technique is a manual that is appropriate for both technology transfer and local wisdom, and it includes information on nine distinct knowledge areas. The IOC result is 0.93, which is a helpful number that fits within the assessment range of 0.5 to 1.00 for the IOC efficiency. In order to improve community enterprises that educate people how to construct the Krayasart using the KWL Plus app application, the researcher has created a handbook for fusing technology with local expertise. Results of the transfer showed that, with a mean of 4.73 and a standard deviation of 0.45, the project's participants were satisfied with their participation in the manual transfer of technology integration and local knowledge for the advancement of community enterprises in the highest-quality Krayasart production using the KWL Plus technique.

Media Lab: Infrastructure of Innovative Capacity

This paper addresses the mechanisms behind the Media Lab innovation infrastructure that help promote technology transfer and innovations. The analyses are based on the integrative lens of the competitive diamond model and the triple helix model. The findings reveal that the “Demo-or-Die” culture, a free-ranging and interdisciplinary approach to research, has effectively linked the Media Lab science fiction to the process of technology transfer. The government should take a less controlling role to engender the process of “innovation to create demand” and thrive high-tech initiatives. The empirical results and lessons of MIT Media Lab provide a model of promoting proliferation of future technological innovations.

Vaccine technology transfer in a global health crisis: Actors, capabilities, and institutions

The COVID-19 pandemic, which featured international pharmaceutical firms seeking to build global manufacturing networks to scale-up the supply of vaccines, has generated heightened interest in understanding the role of firm-to-firm technology transfer. While considerable attention has been given to tracking the extent of international vaccine technology transfer, we know little about how partnerships were established and work in practice. Understanding the challenges that such projects face, and how such challenges may be overcome, is crucially important. This paper provides an account of the partnership between the British-Swedish multinational pharmaceutical company AstraZeneca, the vaccine developer that has engaged in the most technology transfer and built the widest global manufacturing network, and Bio-Manguinhos, a public laboratory linked to Brazil's Ministry of Health. The case study demonstrates the importance of capabilities and regulatory flexibility. Moreover, the analysis highlights the role of political factors that affect the process of technology transfer, and innovation more broadly. Because of the risks involved and the need to quickly mobilize existing capabilities and build new ones, as well as the imperatives of coordinating among manufacturing and regulatory processes and allocating resources to make such arrangements feasible, technology transfer projects need to be enabled politically. Looking forward, the case study has implications for initiatives to expand technology transfer for broadened production of vaccines in the Global South.

Multivariate Pharma Technology Transfer Analysis: Civilization Diseases and COVID-19 Perspective.

The importance of studying civilization diseases manifests itself in the impact of changing lifestyles, on the number of deaths and causes of death. Technology transfer plays an important role in the prevention and treatment of these diseases. Through this, it is possible to transfer new treatments and diagnostics to clinics and hospitals more quickly and effectively, which leads to better healthcare for patients. Technology transfer can also aid in the development of new drugs and therapies that can be effective in the treatment of civilization diseases. The paper aims to evaluate the technology transfer process in the field of civilization diseases, using COVID-19 as an example of a pandemic that requires quick development and transfer of technology. To achieve the assumed goal, we propose a multivariate synthetic ratio in the field of civilization diseases (SMTT-Synthetic Measure of Technology Transfer) to analyze data from the Global Data database. We used sub-measures like SMTT_value (Synthetic Measure of Technology Transfer_value) and SMTT_quantity (Synthetic Measure of Technology Transfer_quantity) to measure technology transfer and put the data into a graph. Our analysis focuses on 14 diseases over a period of 10 years (2012-2021) and includes nine forms of technology transfer, allowing us to create a tool for analysing the process in multiple dimensions. Our results show that COVID-19 is similar in terms of technology transfer to diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, and breast cancer, even though data for COVID-19 is available for only 2 years.

Technology Transfer Process in the Context of Open Innovation Paradigm

The technology transfer process has been emphasized as an important driver in innovation and creating sustainable growth. Nevertheless, there is a major research gap in the field of identifying the model of the technology transfer process in the framework of the open innovation paradigm. Identifying this study gap is the aim of the present study. This research has been done using Sandelowski and Barso's metacomposite method and with a systematic review of 26 articles related to the purpose of the research out of 333 primary articles. The final articles were selected based on the inclusion criteria. The validity of the research was confirmed according to the criteria of entering the review, holding meetings with the members of the research team, using an expert and auditing the entire process for theoretical consensus. Reliability was also confirmed through the critical evaluation skills program. In this meta-combination study that was carried out in 1401, from library resources including scientific articles, books, case reports with keywords related to technology transfer and open innovation paradigm in Farsi and English languages in Springer MDPI, Taylor, Wiley databases. Science Direct, Emerald, Google Scholar, SID, Magiran and CIVILICA published in the years 2010 to 2022 were used. The results obtained through the categorization and coding of concepts using the metacomposite method for the three-component technology transfer variable and six sub-components of technology selection and acquisition, technology adaptation, application and absorption of technology (technology adaptation, technology efficiency and technology absorption) and technology development and diffusion. technology dissemination and technology development) with 21 codes and for the open innovation paradigm variable, 2 components with 12 sub-components (licensing purchase, joint venture, venture capital, outsourcing of research and development contracts, merger and acquisition, customer participation, external networking, grant sales, open source licensing and reproductive companies) along with 15 codes were extracted. The use of this model helps senior managers and industry policy makers to have a deeper understanding of the practical mechanisms that support the open innovation strategy while focusing on their organizational capabilities and policies based on technology transfer.

Теоретичні аспекти трансферу технологій: сутність, результативність, підходи до управління

The article is aimed at highlighting some basic concepts of technology transfer and indicators of its effectiveness in the paradigm of «observation – orientation – decision – action» in the process of functioning of industrial enterprises on the basis of a systematic approach to management. The scientific novelty of the research results is the consideration of technology transfer on the basis of process and system approaches in the context of management with outlining the theoretical aspects of the effectiveness of technology transfer as a process. It is determined that technology transfer is a process that involves not only the transfer of knowledge, but also the transformation of this knowledge into a certain innovative technology with the active participation of the «source» of this technology and the end user of the product manufactured using this technology. This process needs to be managed. It is noted that technology transfer management is a purposeful set of managerial actions for technology transfer in order to increase the level of technological development and competitiveness of enterprise. The use of process and system approaches allows considering the technology transfer as a complex of interrelated processes that interact with each other as elements of a whole (a certain system). It is determined that the use of process approach to management of technology transfer makes it possible to obtain a holistic view of this process and ensure its compliance with the general objectives of enterprise. It is noted that the system approach allows technology transfer to be considered as a complex of interrelated actions (processes) that are parts of the whole (certain system). It is emphasized that the process of technology transfer should be not only effective (characterize not only the qualitative side of the process), but also effective; the effectiveness of the process of technology transfer in the context of a systematic approach should be calculated on the basis of a system of indicators of the components of this effectiveness on the basis of modeling.

Development of Small and Medium-Sized Businesses Through Technology Transfer, Innovation Strategy and Network

In this article, the authors have identified the process of technology transfer development, identified the most promising areas for the development of small and medium-sized innovative businesses. In recent years, understanding the combination of technology transfer and innovation strategy has become a key element in ensuring the development and growth of SMEs, as it has expanded their opportunities to be part of networks and facilitated their access to international markets. The authors of the article examined the basic concepts on this topic, analyzed the experience of foreign countries in terms of technology transfer, and also revealed the main problems that are an obstacle to the implementation of an innovation strategy. It is concluded that without effective cooperation and the formation of an innovative infrastructure supporting small and medium-sized enterprises, the activation of the technology transfer process is impossible, and small and medium-sized enterprises can balance their limited resources with careful participation in networks.

Viral vector production guide part 2: considerations of scaling up GMP

Key topics:Early consideration on high yield cell lines and IPImportance of effective starting material strategy to de-risk viral vector scalability and commercializationAligning DOE effectively with unit operations and data insights to drive streamlined robust, high-yield scaling Optimizing scalability for low cost of goodsFollowing the acquisition of Cobra Biologics/Cognate BioServices by Charles River Laboratories (CRL) in April 2021, Professor Smith was appointed Executive Director, Global Cell & Gene Therapy Portfolio within the CRL Corporate Development & Strategy function. Prior to acquisition, Professor Smith was the Chief Scientific Officer across the Cognate/Cobra C> CDMO portfolio (2020–2021), and Cobra Biologics (2014–2020), driving CDMO innovations and partnerships across plasmid DNA, viral vectors, and latterly, (gene-modified) Cell Therapies, with respect to development and production. Previously he was Knowledge Transfer Manager and Senior Technologist for the BioProcessUK team. Daniel spent five years (2005–2010) at Cobra in roles including Senior Scientist, QC Team Leader, Head of Process Technology Transfer and Commercial Scientific Development Manager. He has over eight years academic research experience, 30+ research publications to his name and a PhD in Molecular Cell Biology, and a BSc (Hons) in Biochemistry. Daniel holds Honorary Industry Professor positions at both the University of Kent, UK and at the University of Warwick, UK.

ТРАНСФЕР ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ В УКРАЇНІ: СУЧАСНІ ВИКЛИКИ

The article is devoted to the study of the problematic issue of technology transfer in today's conditions. Legislators and by-laws regulating relations in the field of technology transfer are analyzed. Attention is drawn to the importance of scientific technologies and their implementation in the activities of industrial enterprises, which is an indispensable development of the economic growth of many leading economically developed countries, as well as a determining factor in the progress of society and the improvement of the welfare of citizens. Informational, analytical and statistical data on the impact of technology transfer on the financial condition of enterprises, institutions and organizations in relation to budget funds are presented. Among the positive financial indicators, based on the analysis of statistical data and scientific literature, attention is drawn and problems hindering the integration of the technology transfer process in domestic industrial enterprises are identified. In particular, these are: migration of scientists; insufficient amounts of funding for innovative activities; low innovative activity of active enterprises, which leads to a reduction in the share of innovative products both in the structure of production and in exports; low level of state support for innovation and demand for high-tech products; lack of stimulating technology transfer mechanisms. Using the example of the report of the State Enterprise «Ukrainian Institute of Intellectual Property» for 2021, attention is drawn to the decline in innovative activity of domestic enterprises. It is emphasized that in the conditions of a full-scale war between Russia and Ukraine, state support for innovations, inventors, and other authors of intellectual property rights is a guarantee of increasing the economic potential and military-industrial complex of the state. Addresses existing problematic issues of state security regarding the transfer of technology, protection of secret inventions, commercial secrets, other objects of intellectual property law, and suggests ways of solving problematic issues in the field of technology transfer in Ukraine.

The Success of Technology Transfer in the Industry 4.0 Era: A Systematic Literature Review

Modern innovative models have the possibility of transferring research and development (R&D) output through technology transfer from scientific and research institutions or other enterprises. The complex process of technology transfer is significantly dependent on cooperation among academia, industry, and governments (I4.0) in response to the technological developments driven together through Industry 4.0. As a result, numerous technology transfer factors must be addressed for I4.0 to become a reality. However, the abundance of literature on I4.0 and associated technologies, the key ingredients, and insights for effectively executing I4.0 technology transfer are fairly limited. This study focuses on the success factors of technology transfer for I4.0. The framework is based on systematic literature to outline significant results and factors. Furthermore, this study summarizes, analysis, and criticizes the actual models and their influential variables for I4.0 technology transfer. One of the findings of this study is the significance of cooperation between technology recipients, agents, and inventors for I4.0 technology transfer. Another impressive finding is the significance of the ecosystem component in technology transfer. Combining I4.0 technologies and open innovation is a game-changer, enabling businesses to significantly save time and cost. This article will assist decision-makers in developing policies and strategies to improve the I4.0 technology transfer process. Furthermore, this involves identifying the kind of government assistance that will help accelerate the transition to I4.0 via technology transfer.

Technology Transfer, Sustainability, and Development, Worldwide and in Romania

Technology transfer (TT) is a mechanism designed to accurately make knowledge, innovations, and advancements available to the general population. TT is conducted through scientific papers, educational and governmental initiatives, and the commercialization of technology. The TT process per se is complex, involving many stakeholders and factors that can impact implementation. Feasibility studies are needed to assess the types of technology that can be transferred, the economic options to be chosen, and to stimulate the receptive part, making understandable the whole transfer flow. Furthermore, TT involves a dynamic mechanism that has advanced with the development of technology, with different linear, non-linear, and alternative models being proposed and scientifically validated, and with the possibility of addressing different perceptions of the factors involved. The international TT level, as well as the level of innovation in the economic context, differs from nation to nation. The need for this paper is based on the lack of a comprehensive detailed presentation of the TT infrastructural concept, approached in a novel and in-depth way by assessing international TT, technology flow, technology distribution and expansion, collaborative networks, TT centers and TT models, regional operational programs etc., all of which are related to national/international legislation and sustainable development. The deficit of representation and implementation of this concept in Romania was also covered, the assessment providing the current status and suggesting the need to develop and optimize the implementation of TT in this country.

Evaluation of a motorised patient transfer device based on perceived workload, technology acceptance, and emotional states

Purpose The high prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) among healthcare workers is partly attributed to the low adoption of patient transfer assistive devices. This study aimed to evaluate the nurses’ perceived workload, technology acceptance, and emotional states during the use of the sliding board (SB) and mechanical intervention in the form of a Motorised Patient Transfer Device (MPTD). Methods The SB and MPTD activities were performed by seven nurses on a simulated patient. The nurses’ facial expressions were recorded during the trial. The NASA Task Load Index and technology acceptance questionnaire were also assessed. Results The MPTD significantly reduced the mean overall NASA-TLX score by 68.7% (p = 0.004) and increased the overall acceptance score (median = 8.30) by 21.2% (p = 0.016) when compared to the SB (median = 6.85). All the subjects reported positive feelings towards MPTD. However, facial expression analysis showed that the nurses had a significantly higher peak density of fear while using MPTD (p = 0.016). Besides, there was no improvement in the negative valence and contempt emotion compared to the SB. Conclusion Overall, nurses showed positive perceptions and acceptance of MPTD even when they experienced negative emotions. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION The Motorised Patient Transfer Device (MPTD) reduced the perceived workload of nurses and showed a higher acceptance level compared to the commonly used baseline device (SB). Factors that attributed to the nurses’ negative emotions can be used to improve technology and patient transfer processes. More training should be given to familiarise the health practitioners with the new assistive device to reduce their fear of technology.

Development of directions for modernizing means of technology transfer financing at the account of the non-banking financial market under martial law. the example of Ukraine

This study has revealed the inconsistency of the existing rules for regulating the process of financing technology transfer with the external geopolitical and economic challenges that Ukraine had to face. Including through the introduction of martial law and open armed aggression of the neighboring state. It has been substantiated that the current state of regulatory support for the process of financing and financial support for technology transfer does not meet the strategic interests of the state of Ukraine, the national economy, business, production, and society as a whole. The necessity of a significant expansion of the existing mechanisms for attracting free funds in relations related to the circulation of technologies in Ukraine has been proved. The existing restrictions on the capabilities of the non-banking financial sector in the implementation of financial support for the processes of creation, transfer of rights and implementation of technologies have been identified and systematized. An analysis of the feasibility of their weakening was carried out taking into consideration the interests of consumers of financial services and indirect financial investors. General potential directions, forms, and fundamentals, participation of the non-banking financial sector in the processes of financial support for technology transfer have been formed. These include investment, insurance, lending, financial guarantees, financial leasing, additional financing, and co-financing. The experience of the European Union in this area was analyzed. As a result of the study, the main directions of modernization and change of the current legislation of Ukraine were proposed. These changes are aimed at creating preconditions for involving the non-banking financial sector (financial institutions and financial companies) in the processes of financial support for technology transfer in Ukraine.

An insight of intellectual property management practices in the Agriculture Research System

Innovations are key to economic growth and are major contributors towards enhancing food security, higher social development and environment sustainability. In this study, carried out at ICAR-NAARM during the year 2020, an effort is made to understand the ongoing IP management and technology commercialization practices in ICAR and major challenges/pitfalls involved within, along with suggestive corrective measures. This paper provides evidence to measure technology outputs through patent analytics and other desk-research approaches to assess current level of technology transfer process performed by Agri-Business Incubators (ABIs) to create value and societal impact of technologies developed in the system. Results indicate active patent filings across all agricultural sectors, with a major trajectory after 2008 and a policy-based approach to spur technology commercialization in NARES. It also identifies the roadblocks with suggestive mid-course corrections.