Process Of Technical Innovation Research Articles

Technology-Performance Nexus during Covid-19: A Case of Commercial Banks from Selected South Asian Economies

Technology acceptance affects performance of employees in emerging organizations. This study explores the relationship between technological transformation and performance of the employees of commercial banks from selected Asian economies during Covid-19 pandemic. We also analyze the effect of moderators; training, supervisor support and incentives on this relationship. We have tested the hypotheses by means of the survey of 400 employees of commercial banks from selected South Asian economies of Bangladesh, India, Sri Lanka, Maldives, and Pakistan. The Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression techniques are utilized to investigate the research problem. The identity theory and social learning theory reflects that the individuals get satisfied while relating themselves with the objectives of organization and the goals of nation. Further, they participate in the organizational and national development through technical innovation process if provided with supervisory support, training and incentives. This study recommends to executive management to adopt modern technology for sake of the higher objectives of firms’ performance in a Post- Covid depressed economies.

Has Technological Transformation Influenced Employees’ Performance During COVID-19? A Case of Islamic Financial Institutions of Selected Developing Economies

The technological development is an integral concern for organizational performance in the fields associated with the management sciences. This study intends to explore the relationship between technological transformation and employees’ performance of Islamic Financial Institutions (IFIs) during Covid-19 pandemic. Further, we analyzed the effect of training, supervisor support and incentives on this relationship considering them as moderating for this relationship.We have tested the hypotheses by means of the survey of 300 employees of IFIs from emerging economies of Malaysia, Indonesia, Pakistan, Bahrain, and Turkey. The Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression techniques are utilized to investigate the research problem. From the perspective of identity theory and social learning theory; it is found that the individuals relate themselves to organizational objectives and national goals. Further, they participate in the organizational and national development through technical innovation process if provided with supervisory support, training and incentives. Policy makers are recommended to deepen the technology-performance nexus for the sake of development in a Post-Covid World.

The genesis of genetic programming

This article takes a participant-observer's look back at the genealogy of the computational method now known as Genetic Programming (GP for short). In so doing, it treats GP as a case study for elucidating the process of technical innovation. Working on the assumption that the contrast between sudden Eureka and stepwise improvement is a polarity rather than a sharp dichotomy, it introduces a simple technique for identifying the main steps in the march of GP from margin to mainstream. It is argued that this approach could be applied more widely to other areas of scientific or technological advance - possibly even offering the prospect of resolution to some of the more belligerent academic- priority disputes.

Agricultural distortions and structural change

Many developing countries have chosen to use a variety of policy instruments to transfer resources out of agriculture and to the manufacturing and, in some countries, the service sector. It will be argued in this paper that such policies slow structural change, create incentives for capital intensive production in non-agricultural sectors, and slow the process of technical innovation in agriculture. These arguments will be illustrated by examining the recent growth experience in India.

Study on the Intellectual Property Protection Mechanism in the Technical Innovation of Enterprise

Enterprise is the main body of technical innovation, and the main body of the creation, protection, and implementation of intellectual property. The intellectual property protection and management run through the whole process of technical innovation. The problems existing in the intellectual property protection of the innovational results in the enterprise technical innovation are analyzed, and corresponding countermeasures are suggested in this article.

IT adoption in manufacturing industries: differences by company size and industrial sectors — the case of Chinese mechanical industries

This paper deals with IT adoption in manufacturing industries. Based on the ACK model and Daghfous and White's model of the technical innovation process, this paper provides a revised model to specifically describe the IT adoption process in manufacturing fields in terms of market and production technology change. By applying the model to the Chinese mechanical industry covering 10 major sub-sectors of different sizes and with different market natures, the paper concludes that combined information of firm size and market nature can be an important indicator of the IT adoption pattern. Moreover, IT adoption in Chinese mechanical industries proves to be influenced primarily by sector characters, in which innovative capacity is more important for firms in down-stream sectors, while investment capital power is more important for firms in upper-stream sectors.

A process view on managing quality during the creation of technical innovations: lessons from field research

Quality Management (QM) principles have left their marks on business practice for more than a decade. Amongst the many business functions that have faced the widespread introduction of QM standards and methodologies, the R&D function has been amongst the last to undergo their pervasive influence. The uncertain and ambiguous nature of the technical innovation process, most present during the conceptual and problem‐solving (often R&D intensive) stages, has provided many arguments not to introduce ‘traditional’ QM approaches in R&D settings. These arguments are often based on a rather rigid and mechanistic view on QM. As recent insights show, this need not be the case. QM can offer an avenue to fundamentally scrutinize and re‐think cross‐functional integration strategies in innovative contexts. Therefore, the process of introducing QM principles in an R&D environment deserves close attention. This paper offers a field‐based insight into these fundamental organizational and managerial issues.

Human factors and the innovation process

The goal of this paper is to describe two typologies of human factors that help explain the technical innovation process, and to illustrate their predictive power. The first typology defines five categories of inventors based on inventors' views of success and their corresponding attitudes toward technology, reaching the market, and creating a business. In diminishing order of likely technical innovation success, these five types are ‘entrepreneurs with technology’, ‘industry-specific inventors’, ‘professional inventors’, ‘grantsmen’, and ‘inveterate inventors’. The second typology categorizes the motivations that underlie the choices made by inventors in the development of their technologies. Inventor motivations need to be considered by managers of innovation programs because the success of any innovation program requires that there be some degree of overlap between the program's goals and the inventor's own definition of success. These typologies can help managers of innovation programs direct scarce resources to inventors with the greatest probability of commercial success. They also indicate the types of assistance that will be most instrumental in accelerating the commercialization of new technologies. The ability of these typologies to explain rates of success in the commercial development of new technologies is illustrated using data from the small business and independent inventors who have participated in the Energy-Related Inventions Program (ERIP). The ERIP is a federal program operated jointly by the US Department of Energy and the National Institute of Standards and Technology and is designed to assist the development of non-nuclear inventions with outstanding potential for saving or producing energy.

Managers and innovation: Strategies for Biotechnology

The managment of technical innovation in a firm is crucial if their knowledge trajectory is to increase. It is vital, therefore, for managers to recognize when new technology should be introduced, since the success of the firm relies on their decision. Using detailed case studies, the author shows how managers have interpreted market, technical, competitive and other influences on their projects. The problems which arise from making technical innovation a viable business proposition may then be addressed. It is this process of innovation management upon which the book centres. By way of analysis of the process of technical innovation in early biotechnology, the author demonstrates the interplay of cognitive and social processes in the construction of new technology. This book is aimed at students of technology management, as well as managers with an interest in biotechnical policy and industry.

Towards a Problem-Solving Based Approach for Robotics-Systems Implementation

The implementation of robotics systems (RS) in factories have to consider not only the technical and economic aspects but also the organizational and social aspects. To obtain substantial innovation regarding all these aspects, participatory implementation strategies and methodologies are necessary. The main advantage of the presented approach is the foundation on a problem-solving heuristic with participatory orientation. Therefore, it is recommended to start any technical innovation process at the needs and wishes of the final users. With this approach the design process will be a systematic prototyping process.

Technological change and elasticities of substitution in Korean agriculture

In this paper, by using the translog cost function, two issues are investigated concerning the Korean agricultural sector during the prewar (1918 to 1938) and postwar (1949 to 1971) periods. First, characteristics of the technology used and the process of technical innovation are analyzed. Second, an attempt is made to determine the partial elasticities of substitution for various pairwise combinations of land, labor, fixed capital, and working capital. We find that the technological innovations in Korean agriculture were land and labor saving, fixed capital neutral, and working capital using. Further, we find that working capital was a strong substitute for land and labor in the prewar period and a weak substitute in the postwar period. Fixed capital was a weak substitute for land and labor in the prewar period and a weak complement to land and labor in the postwar period. Finally, working capital and fixed capital were weak substitutes in the prewar period and strong complements in the postwar period.

Restraints on computerization in developing and least developed countries

Abstract There are many social economic and technical obstacles to the introduction of information technology [IT] in third world countries. These countries not only face barriers raised by their own circumstances but also those which impede any process of technical innovation; whatever the environment. The study described below investigated the extent to which six factors—funding, resistance to change, organizational policy, training, hardware/software availability and individual confidence—were restraining computerization. The study was conducted amongst accounting and finance specialists in developing and least developed countries. Using strategic informant sampling techniques, data were collected from 210 respondents, spread over thirty nine countries. The study found that some of the six factors were considered by the respondents to be seriously inhibiting computerization. Other factors, particularly employee resistance to change, were not seen as important constraints. In some areas the study found ...

A Historical Reassessment of Early Japanese Development

Development and ChangeVolume 16, Issue 2 p. 235-250 A Historical Reassessment of Early Japanese Development Richard Grabowski, Richard Grabowski Assistant Professor of Economics at Southern Illinois University–Carbondale, Carbondale, Illinois. His research has concentrated on the process of technical innovation in the agricultural sectors of less developed countries.Search for more papers by this author Richard Grabowski, Richard Grabowski Assistant Professor of Economics at Southern Illinois University–Carbondale, Carbondale, Illinois. His research has concentrated on the process of technical innovation in the agricultural sectors of less developed countries.Search for more papers by this author First published: April 1985 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7660.1985.tb00209.xCitations: 4 AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Citing Literature Volume16, Issue2April 1985Pages 235-250 RelatedInformation

Sources of innovation in agricultural technology

This paper focuses attention on environmental and biological characteristics of agriculture which shape the process of technical innovation. The interaction of natural selection and human purposive selection and experimentation is shown to result in a continuous process of innovation placing farmers in the informal R and D systems as well as scientists in formal R and D systems in an innovative treadmill. The importance and limitations of informal R and D are reviewed. A discussion of the characteristics and potential of formal R and D systems leads to the identification of some major problems of policy inherent in, and specific to, the organization and management of agricultural research resources. These include: genetic vulnerability, choices between environmentally specific or widely adapted technologies, the location of research activity, the linkages between agricultural producers and scientists and methods for maintaining and strengthening informal R and D systems.

The process of innovation: A study of the origination and development of ideas for new scientific instruments

The process of technical innovation is treated as occurring in three phases: 1) idea generation; 2) problem solving; and 3) implementation and diffusion. Two questions are addressed in a study of the origin and development of 32 new scientific instruments: first, what information led to the origination of ideas for these new products, and second, how was information acquired and used in developing these ideas? Idea generation was assumed to require a synthesis of several pieces of information. Innovators relied on oral communications outside their firm in generating ideas. Conversely, they tended to rely on sources inside their firm and to use first local sources of information (literature and experience), then secondary sources (discussion) and finally primary sources (analysis and experiment) in problem solving.