Process Of Structural Transformation Research Articles

Strategi Industrialisasi Hubungan Dengan Sektor Pertanian di Wilayah Sidoarjo

The industrialization strategy exists to respond to challenges that are in line with Indonesia's vision of becoming a sovereign, developed, just and prosperous country. Changes in a country's economy are interpreted as a process of structural transformation. Structural changes in the modern economy include changes in agricultural to non-agricultural activities, from industry to services, changes in the scale of productive units, and changes from individual companies to legal entities, as well as changes in the working status of workers. Analyzing the data in this study is a descriptive research method. The sources used come from literature collected through websites, journals, Central Statistics Agency various relevant sources. In the agricultural industry, it is very important to identify value-added activities that will support the necessary investments through research in the aspects of marketing and processing, application of biotechnology, design and restructuring of distribution systems.

Study on the change of key groups and gasproduction mechanism of different degrees of coal under thermal effect

The key active structure transformation process and gas generation mechanism of different degrees coal during low-temperature oxidation (LTO) under thermal effect were studied by quantum chemical methods, in situ FTIR and programmed temperature rise experiment. Results showed the C-O relative content gradually increased during LTO, and the temperature which the C-O content of low-rank coals increased sharply was earlier than that of high-rank coals, about 20 ℃-40 ℃ earlier. The C=O relative content gradually increased as the temperature increased. The overall content of COOH is lower in low rank coals during LTO, while the relative content of C=O gradually increases, the C-C/C-H content of coals with different degrees shows a similar decreasing trend during LTO, but the decreasing rate of high rank coals is smaller than that of low rank coals. The production of CO, CO2 and C2H4 shows a decreasing trend in stages as the rank of coals becomes larger.

Global value chains and structural transformation: Evidence from the developing world

Multiple studies on economic transition have argued that participation in Global Value Chains (GVCs) can facilitate the process of structural transformation in developing economies by reallocating labor from less productive to more productive sectors. However, there is a dearth of empirical work investigating the claim. We analyze forty countries from the regions of Asia, Africa, and Latin America over the period 1993–2015 to explore the relationship between GVC participation and structural transformation in developing economies. We do not find any significant association between participation in GVCs and structural transformation, as measured by the reallocation of labor towards sectors with higher productivity levels. Rather, we find some evidence that participation in GVCs might be associated with the increasing concentration of labor in sectors experiencing declining productivity growth and /or falling employment in sectors witnessing positive productivity growth, thus contributing towards hindering the process of successful structural transformation in developing economies.

For a Cooperative “Smart” City Yet to Come: Place-Based Knowledge, Commons, and Prospects for Inclusive Municipal Processes From Seattle, Washington

This article explores possibilities for cooperative, equitable, and participatory forms of smart urbanism. We begin by outlining orientations that emphasize the heterogeneity of economic and urban life and center the capacities and priorities of constituencies that currently are often not well served by urban planning and information-gathering processes. We then further iterate these sensibilities in relation to two examples from community organizing in Seattle, Washington, sketching out a broad sense of how community’s and resident’s place-based knowledge, experiences, and forms of expertise might be understood as resources that could be integral to processes of urban planning, organization, and potential structural transformation. Finally, we connect these possibilities to ongoing debates and experiments with “commons” and “commoning”—both conceptually and in actually existing urban experiments—to show how serious engagements with place-based knowledge and capacities understood as commons might be made central within “smart” processes that are radically democratic, inclusive, open-ended, and potentially transformative in ways that are distinctive from more top-down models that often merely manage and reproduce status quo urbanisms. Ultimately, the article suggests possibilities for alternative “smart” urbanist orientations, sensibilities, and techno-political applications to emerge in and through open-ended participatory processes grounded in community and place-based resources and priorities.

Dynamics of media convergence in translingual expert interviews — An example from isiXhosa radio in South Africa

Radio remains the most important information and entertainment medium in translingual South Africa. Subject to digitalization, it underwent major technical and structural transformation processes known as media convergence to maintain and to broaden audiences. These transformations have significant effects on the pragmatic realization of interactive talk and knowledge transfer. The study is based on an empirical multimodal discourse analysis of a Facebook video by the isiXhosa radio station Umhlobo Wenene. It observes dynamics of media convergence on the communicative situation. The example from a multilingual and mediated setting highlights impacts of conversation conventions externally imposed by promotional obligations. Furthermore, it examines how material affordances affect the conversation. The analysis shows that radio convergence has some enabling as well as some restrictive effects for realizing translingual knowledge transfer in mediated expert interviews.

Structural and industrial transformation of resort towns’ economies: The case of urban districts in the Republic of Crimea

The study of transformation processes in economies of various settlements, including those taking place in urban districts of a health resort type, still lacks a fullyformed methodology. There are no confirmed approaches and clear methods of cognition, which is a consequence of the uniqueness of such type of settlements. The difficulties of studying their structural and industrial transformation and specialisation, its stability / variability increase due to the need to build long time series of economic indicators, since only in such case the findings can be considered reliable. The paper aims to identify the processes of structural and industrial transformation in the economies of urban districts of a health resort type in the Republic of Crimea in different institutional contexts, as well as to justify the factors behind and conditions for occurring changes, and describe the ‘genetic code’ of the settlements of this type. Methodologically, the paper relies on the regional and municipal economics. The methods include various types of analysis, in particular, structural, time series, bibliometric and content analysis. The data comes from the Crimea’s socioeconomic statistics for 1935–2021. The ‘genetic code’ of the Crimea’s economy and resort towns located in its territory consists in the dominance of the health care sector due to the developed health resort activity, which is based on the use of unique natural treatment factors and resources. The findings indicate that this code remains stable despite changing institutional con texts unceasingly reshaped by the state geostrategic interests, the world geopolitical situation, and the political atmosphere in neighboring territories.

Thermal/kinetic study of the formation mechanism of NbC-Fe composite layer on the surface of GCr15 prepared by hot pressure diffusion

In this study, an NbC-Fe composite layer is in situ prepared on the surface of GCr15 bearing steel. The formation mechanism of the composite layer was investigated in terms of thermodynamics, dynamics, and crystal structure transformation processes during the in situ reaction. According to computational thermodynamics, the reaction at 1150 °C–1200 °C allows NbC, Fe3C, Cr3C2, Cr7C3, and Cr23C6 phases to spontaneously react and stabilize in the Fe-C-Nb-CR system. The functional relationship between the growth thickness, time, and temperature of the NbC-Fe composite layer was obtained experimentally and via computational dynamics. Particularly, the growth activation energy, Q, of the NbC-Fe composite layer was calculated to be 367.06 kJ mol−1. The combination of computational thermodynamic/kinetic research and experimental observation of crystal transformation data revealed that the formation mechanism of NbC in the NbC-Fe layer on the surface of GCr15 caused the C atoms in the bearing steel diffuse into the Nb plate and occupy the octahedral gap of the Nb unit cell to form NbC. In the formation mechanism of the NbC-Fe composite layer, C and Fe atoms partially migrated from the pearlite and diffused towards the direction of the Nb plate to form the NbC-Fe composite layer.

BUILDING COMPOSITES AS OBJECTS OF SYSTEM ANALYSIS

The article is devoted to the consideration of the material science problems from the standpoint of the general systems theory. The method of dialectical pairs "part-whole", "continuous-discrete" and "randomness-necessity" is used, corresponding to the general system coordinates, on the basis of which the third emergent component of a synthetic nature arises. System-theoretic methods make it possible to concretize model representations using elements of the crystallization theory of dynamic information theory. System representations are used to refine the concept of an interface in materials and heterogeneous systems. The dialectical unity of atomistic and geometric concepts in the theory of the formation of a new phase in binders is shown. The probabilistic and informational description is considered as a realization of the dialectical pair "randomness-necessity". The concept of information is closely related to choosing one or more options from many and remembering the choice made. The choice can be made as a result of the action of external forces (information reception) or due to the unstable behavior of the system (the emergence of new information). The process of structure formation can be considered as the dynamics of an information system. The dynamics of the information system should include interactions that provide any structure-forming particle with the possibility of transition between the areas of influence of stable states with subsequent attraction to one of them. The formation of structures in a binder from the position of dynamic information theory is considered as the reception of information. It is necessary to perform work, due to which the system will go into one of the stable states for the reception of information. The formation of new elements and structures ‒ pores, capillaries and cracks is considered as a transition of the system to its own potential minima ‒ the epigenetic landscape of the material as an emerging system. In this case, part of the energy will be lost in the process of dissipation, and the physical entropy will increase by a value exceeding the amount of information received. Such an effect can be considered as the "price" of the observed macroscopic process of self-organization. The involvement of systems theory also helps, on the basis of the principle of adequacy, to indicate the way for choosing a model object that is optimal for studying the processes of structural transformations of a material.

Water Content-Controlled Formation and Transformation of Concomitant Pseudopolymorph Coordination Polymers.

Two concomitant pseudopolymorph coordination polymers {[Cd2L2(OAc)4]·2DMSO} n (1) and {[CdL(OAc)2]·2.75H2O} n (2) were synthesized by self-assembly of 1,4-bis(4-pyridyl)-2,3-diaza-1,3-butadiene (L) and cadmium acetate in DMSO. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction confirmed that 1D ladder structural motifs exist for pseudopolymorphs 1 and 2 which contain DMSO and water guest molecules, respectively. Our study illustrated the active role of solvent water content in obtaining compound 2. We find that the presence of water as an impurity in the DMSO solvent creates the possibility of formation of concomitant pseudopolymorph coordination polymers which is a unique event. Furthermore, our analyses showed the effect of environmental humidity on the transformation of unstable compound 1. 1D ladder pseudopolymorphic compound 1 could be transformed to guest-free 1D linear compound [CdL(OAc)2(H2O)] n (3') (the powder form of single crystals of 3) through a scarce case of water absorption from air. Also, the crystalline material of coordination polymer 3 was transformed to coordination polymer 2 through the dissolution-recrystallization structural transformation process in DMF or DMSO. Our study clarified that the amount of water in the reaction container can control the formation of one of the compounds 2 or 3. In the presence of a significant amount of water, compound 3 (coordinated water) will be produced, whereas if a small amount of water is present, compound 2 (uncoordinated water) is prepared as an exclusive product.

Sustainability of coal mining. Is Germany a post-mining model for Colombia?

For centuries, coal mining played a crucial role in Germany's socio-economic history. It not only drove its industrialization but also supported its recovery after World War II. Since the middle of the 20th century in Germany, this industry entered a deep crisis mainly due to its high production costs. This led to the final closure of German hard coal mining in 2018. In Colombia, coal mining has also played an important economic role, especially since the 1980s when the large concessions began. In Germany, the closure of this industry has entailed great challenges, which have been addressed through regional structural transformation processes that continue today. Likewise, Germany's plan to phase out coal from its energy matrix has also entailed great challenges that have increased due to the current energy crisis in Europe. In the case of Colombia, global trends to reduce coal consumption will inevitably affect its national finances in the medium term. A comparative analysis of scenarios of these two countries, along with some projections of energy and coal consumption at world level, show that certain German experiences, especially regarding the processes of regional structural change, can be useful in the definition of strategies for the Colombian context.

Foreign capital and structural change in the Brazilian private health services market

This article analyzes the process of structural transformation within the Brazilian private health services market since the 2000s, with emphasis on the growing participation of financial funds and foreign capital in the process of expansion and consolidation of the sector. The analysis of the movement of foreign capital into health services and plans in Brazil was developed from the construction of a database with a total of 297 equity operations involving companies with activities in health services, including companies operating health plans and insurance and companies administering health benefits. The analysis of these operations shows that the influx of foreign capital was fundamental to enable the centralization of capital in certain companies and catalyze the process of concentration and structural transformation of the health services sector over the last two decades. We concluded that the intensification of the intercapitalist dispute within the health services market led to the emergence of large corporations and new business models, with special emphasis on the emergence of verticalized care networks (operation of plans, hospital services, outpatient services, diagnosis and treatment, and primary care).

Анализ спектров акустической эмиссии при охлаждении расплава алюминия

The results of an experimental study of the acoustic emission spectra in the frequency range 20-200 kHz, which occur when the temperature of the aluminum melt decreases from 860 to 660 °C are presented. The interrelation of acoustic signals with the processes of structural transformations in the melt with a change in temperature is considered.

Structural features of near equiatomic FeCo-2V semi-hard magnetic alloy prepared by MIM technology

The structural properties of a magnetically semi-hard near equiatomic FeCo-2wt%V (FeCoV) alloy produced by Powder Injection Moulding (PIM) (option by fine metal powder - Metal Injection Moulding (MIM) technology) were investigated in this paper. Starting granulate was prepared by mixing FeCoV powder with a low-viscosity binder. After injection, the green samples were first treated with a solvent and then thermally with the same aim of removing the binder. MIM technology was completed by high-temperature sintering for 3.5 hours at temperatures from 1370 OC to 1460 OC in a hydrogen atmosphere, which provides the necessary magnetic and mechanical characteristics. The influence of sintering temperature was investigated concerning the aspects of the processes of structural transformation by the methods of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The appearance of an intense diffraction peak of the ?'-FeCo phase (crystal structure type B2) was registered for all investigated samples. Structural parameters particle size Dmax, Feret X, and Feret Y exhibit constant increase with increase of sintering temperature.

Аморфный лед средней плотности, полученный разложением водно-гелиевого геля

The article presents experimental studies of structural changes that occur during heating of nanosized powders of amorphous ice obtained by decay of a water-helium gel. Thermal annealing of the obtained samples was carried out by short exposures (about 15 minutes) at different temperatures in the range of 110-230K. The behavior of the amorphous phase during annealing was analyzed within the framework of its description by a mixture of amorphous ices of low and medium density (LDA and MDA, respectively). It was found that at the such description, the virgin sample was predominantly in the MDA state, while the proportion of the LDA phase was about 7 times less (MDA/LDA ≈ 7:1). It has been established that during annealing, a multistage process of structural transformations of the initial LDA + MDA sample takes place: from initial changes in the amorphous state at 110 K through crystallization of the cubic ice phase Ic with its intensive growth at a temperature of 130 K to the transformation of cubic ice into the hexagonal phase Ih in the temperature range T =135÷230K.

Research on the Impact of Artificial Intelligence Technology on Regional Industrial Structure Transformation

As a revolutionary application technology, artificial intelligence (AI) has brought profound changes to the production and life of the entire human society. As one of the themes of the development of the times, it has permeated all levels and links of political, economic, cultural, and social development. Since the 20th century, the time allocation of human labor between market production, family production, and family leisure has undergone a significant structural transformation process, which is an important factor affecting the evolution of labor participation rate and labor supply. As a strategic technology for a new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation, the AI technology revolution not only occurs in market production, but also profoundly changes the capital deepening and technological progress process of household production. Today, although AI has not been involved in many fields or its application is not mature, the trend of its integration and collaborative development with industry cannot be denied. Technological progress will have a certain impact on industrial structures, and AI, as a high-tech combined with its own characteristics, will also have a different impact on industrial structures than in the past. This article analyzes the impact of AI on China's industrial structure, expounds the impact of AI on the industrial structure from both the overall and specific industries, points out the shortcomings of AI, and puts forward suggestions.

O papel do capital humano no processo de mudança estrutural

Abstract The objective of this paper is to verify if human capital is an important determinant of structural change in different sectors of the economy and if it can accelerate the speed of this structural transformation. This paper contributes to the literature by developing an empirical test of the model proposed by Li et al. (2019) and by using the GMM methodology. It also uses two proxies for human capital (average years of schooling and the Penn World Table index) and structural change (employment and added value share) in order to verify whether or not they affect the variable of interest. Results showed that human capital has an essential role in the structural transformation process of the economy, since it has an effect on the relative participation of the sectors on total added value or on total employment. Also, human capital proved to be a potential accelerator of this structural transformation.

Government Strategic Policy in Agricultural Development

It is very important to implement agricultural sector policies in Indonesia. The Agricultural Census conducted by the Central Statistics Agency provides agricultural data needs both at the national and global levels. The policy in the 2023 Agricultural Census (ST2023) activities is designed so that the results obtained are of international standard. The International Standard Agricultural Census refers to the FAO program known as the World Program for the Census of Agriculture (WCA). With the realization of Food Security starting from the individual and household levels, villages, sub-districts, districts, provinces to National Food Security becomes a national goal.
 Through food security policies, one of the important elements of national security can be implemented. Therefore, the government intensively cooperates to realize Food Security and Farmer Welfare. Food security targets in 2024 self-sufficiency in industrial sugar and 2026 self-sufficiency in beef, towards Indonesia's Vision in 2045 to become a World Food Barn. The food policy achievements above have also improved the welfare of farmers. This can be seen from the poverty indicator in rural areas in March 2021 at 13.10 percent, down to 12.53 percent in September 2021. (BPS, 2021). In guarding and ensuring that the structural transformation process can be carried out in a precise and directed manner, various policies that have been and will be implemented need to be supported by an accurate agricultural database.
 Then strengthen infrastructure, financial institutions, farmer's markets and others. Capacity building of Human Resources (HR) to become professional and productive. The key actor in agricultural development policy is to utilize the results of the agricultural census. A strategic and sustainable agricultural data ecosystem. Then the availability and accessibility of data and awareness of data users that the data exists. The government needs to make policies that are pro-Agricultural sector right on target.

Insight into the Role of Copper in the Transformation of a [Ag25(2,5-DMBT)16(DPPF)3]+ Nanocluster: Doping or Oxidation.

Structural transformation in nanoclusters is important not only in obtaining functional nanoclusters controllably but also in understanding their structural evolution. This study investigated the role of Cu2+ ions in structural transformation. It was revealed that Cu2+ exhibits two different functions, doping and oxidation, in determining the final products. Starting with a new silver nanocluster, [Ag25(2,5-DMBT)16(DPPF)3]+ (Ag25), a doping process would occur when no more than 0.5 equiv of Cu2+ was added, resulting in the formation of [Ag25-xCux(2,5-DMBT)16(DPPF)3]+ (Ag25-xCux). When 1 equiv of Cu2+ was introduced to Ag25, a structural transformation process would occur instead, forming [Ag22-xCux(2,5-DMBT)12(DPPF)4Cl4]2+ (Ag22-xCux). Considering the similar Cu doping amounts in Ag25-xCux and Ag22-xCux, an oxidation process induced by Cu2+ in the solution can account for this transformation process, which was further demonstrated by the addition of other oxidant substitutions. On the other hand, the role of other valence states of copper in the transformation of the Ag25 cluster was explored. It was found that copper powder can hardly change Ag25 and Cu+ can only proceed the doping process, both of which are different from the role of Cu2+. Overall, this work explores the role of copper in the transformation of the Ag25 cluster in detail, including its concentrations and valence states.

Africa’s new urban spaces: deindustrialisation, infrastructure-led development and real estate frontiers

ABSTRACT Many African governments have embraced centralised spatial planning and the construction of large-scale connective infrastructure as a means to synergise industrialisation and functional urban development. This article examines the tensions between these economic and urban development objectives in Ghana and Kenya. Infrastructure-led development in both cases has fuelled extended and unplanned urbanisation and the production of new frontiers for real estate investment. However, the evidence indicates that it has failed to contribute to processes of structural transformation. This argument advances debates about the tensions between supply chain and rentier capitalism and problematises the assumed relationship between infrastructure-led development and industrialisation.

Population Aging and Structural Transformation

We quantify the role of population aging in the structural transformation process. Household-level data from the United States show that the fraction of expenditures devoted to services increases with household age. We use a shift-share decomposition and a quantitative model to show that US population aging accounted for about a fifth of the observed increase in the service share in consumption between 1982 and 2016. The contribution of population aging to the rise in the service share is about the same size as the contribution of real income growth and about half as large as that of changes in relative prices. (JEL D12, E21, E23, J11, J14)