Relocation Process Research Articles

Scenarios of Imperial Incorporation of Asiatic Russia within the Discourse of Celebrations Dedicated to the 300<sup>th</sup> Anniversary of Russian Expansion into Siberia (1881–1882)

Based on materials from publications dedicated to the celebration of the 300th anniversary of the Russian expansion into Siberia, the article reconsiders the content of the discourse of celebrations that happened on October 26, 1881, in the capital centers of the Russian Empire, as a promising model for the consolidation of the authorities and society in solving critical issues facing by the government in the eastern outskirts of the empire. The historiographical review reveals that researchers show solidarity in choosing the timing of the anniversary events. The scholars conducted a thorough analysis of the discussions surrounding the determination of the time of celebration in the discourse of authorities and society. They concluded that the debates about the precise dates and years of the “Siberian conquest” were peripheral in nature and not of significant concern in the professional community or public opinion. The study identifies the main “platforms” of the jubilee discourse, as well as the ceremonial and storytelling aspects of the commemoration, dominated during the celebration of the Russian Expansion into Siberia, in the context of formulating and translating the current imperial scenarios to incorporate Asian Russia into the general imperial space. It has been established that the ceremonial components of the jubilee discourse outlined the priorities of the imperial center in making decisions of a colonization nature. The narrative part of the discourse showcased the willingness and ability of the authorities to engage with the social forces. This was particularly evident in the discussion and formulation of the programmatic narrative, which focused on the inclusion of Asian territories in the empire. The discourse emphasized the paramount importance of connecting the European and Asian parts of Russia by rail and introduced flexible algorithms for resolving foreign issues. Furthermore, the discourse aimed to reduce the share of exile as a tool of colonization and promote government-level involvement in the resettlement process.

Strategic Optimization in Distribution Centers: Leveraging Relocation, P-Median, and GIS-Based Routing for Enhanced Efficiency

In the realm of B2C (Business to Customer) company marketing, it is imperative to focus on sales and customer satisfaction. To uphold customer contentment, B2C enterprises must strategically position their delivery facilities to optimize efficiency and minimize both time and operational expenditures. PT ABC, a B2C entity specializing in the distribution of packaged goods, currently faces challenges in handling a substantial volume of requests, some of which are situated far from their distribution centers. This predicament leads to elevated fulfillment costs and an inefficient operational process. Consequently, the relocation of distribution center facilities becomes a necessity. The relocation process will be executed employing the P-Median method, facilitated by LINGO software. The P-Median analysis yielded three potential new locations: Cikupa, Jombang Wetan, and Bencongan Indah. Subsequently, further assessment through the resolution of the MTCVRP (Multitrip Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem) with the aid of ArcGIS software was conducted. As a result, Jombang Wetan emerged as the optimal candidate, exhibiting a remarkable reduction of 165.7 kilometers or a 31.33% decrease in average mileage. This choice promises a more efficient and effective product distribution operation.

Implementation Of Population Administration Policy (Study of Incoming Move-in Registration Residents in Katapang sub-district, Bandung Regency)

This research is driven by the observed shortcomings in the effective implementation of policies related to population administration, particularly concerning the registration of migrants. The research background highlights the following identified problems:1. The inquiry into the execution of population policies in the data migration process of residents within Katapang Sub-District, Bandung Regency.2. Examination of the factors influencing and supporting the resettlement process in Katapang District, Bandung Regency.3. Evaluation of the efforts made by the Katapang District regarding the transfer of registrations from residents within the district.The research employs the policy implementation theory of George C. Edwards III, encompassing Communication, Resources, Disposition, and Bureaucratic Structure. Based on this theoretical framework, the researchers posit the following propositions: the optimal execution of the Policy on the Implementation of Population Administration involves considerations of communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure dimensions.The chosen research method is descriptive with a qualitative approach. Data is gathered through literature review, participant observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The findings of this study reveal suboptimal implementation of policies related to population administration, particularly in the registration of migrants by the Katapang District, Bandung Regency. Indications of this suboptimality include a lack of intensive socialization and information dissemination regarding the registration of migrant residents and insufficient human resources dedicated to facilitating the population's relocation.

The Impact of Relocation Policy on the Quality of Life of Residents in the Yellow River Beach Area

Background and Aim: The Relocation Plan for Residents of the Yellow River Beach Area in Shandong Province has yielded positive outcomes, but the relocation process also entails significant changes in agricultural production methods, adjustments in family economic structures, reconstruction of rural political power relations, conflicts, and integration of cultural values, as well as disintegration and reconstruction of social relations. These issues can potentially impact the quality of life of the residents. Materials and Methods: This qualitative research investigates the issues arising from the relocation policy, assesses the effects of the policy, and provides recommendations on enhancing the living standards of residents in the Yellow River beach area. This research involved conducting on-site interviews with 10 villagers and 5 members of a village committee from a village in Caiyuanji Township and a relevant literature review. Results: It was found that the relocation policy for the Yellow River beach area is a positive livelihood policy, as villagers have relocated from dilapidated cottages to modern new communities. However, there remain some challenges, including the high cost of living for farmers, issues related to the division of rights among rural village committees, and conflicts in farmers' values. Conclusion: Thus, this paper offers personal recommendations for the Yellow River Mudflat Relocation Project, including increasing investment in supporting industries for agriculture, promoting correct values among villagers, targeting poverty alleviation efforts, and adjusting the power structure of village committees.

Research on the relationship between social capital and sustainable livelihood: evidences from reservoir migrants in the G Autonomous Prefecture, China

Although hydropower serves as a clean alternative energy source, the global challenge of resettlement due to dam construction underscores the importance of sustainable livelihoods in achieving the targets of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In recent years, the sustainable livelihood theory has offered a new perspective for examine the development of livelihoods of reservoir migrants after relocation. However, in-depth relationship between social capital and sustainable livelihoods has not been explored. In this study, three hydropower resettlement areas were selected in the G Autonomous Prefecture of China as an example. Our investigation delved into the influence of social networks, social norms, and social trust on the livelihoods of reservoir migrants. Study employed semi-structured interviews, participant observation, and qualitative analysis to explore this impact. The results show that the traditional social capital stock of reservoir migrants, dominated by family, neighborhood and religious networks, has declined. Therefore, the structural function of modern social capital should be strengthened by increasing the social trust of reservoir migrants in institutions and civil society organizations. The contribution of livelihood diversification in poverty reduction by 2030 (SDG-1) was realized by focusing on the role of social capital to promote infrastructure, improve living conditions and increase employment opportunities for migrants. The findings further point to the need to fully respect the customs and lifestyles of ethnic minorities during the resettlement process of reservoir migrants in order to preserve the role played by their traditional social capital, thereby promoting the sustainable development of the livelihoods of reservoir migrants.

Implementing BIM and Lean Construction Methods for the Improved Performance of a Construction Project at the Disassembly and Reuse Stage: A Case Study in Dezhou, China

The construction industry is adopting a collaborative paradigm by combining Lean construction (LC) principles and BIM capabilities. Existing studies lack sufficient case studies and performance evaluations, especially for the disassembly and reconstruction stage, creating a gap in the practical application of BIM and Lean construction (BIM-LC) in China. To bridge this gap, this study quantitatively assessed the BIM-LC methodology in a relocation project in Dezhou, China. The project employed BIM-LC practices such as the Last-Planner System (LPS), Just-In-Time (JIT), Kanban, Value-Stream Mapping (VSM), and Continuous Improvement to enhance construction efficiency and minimize waste. Two main areas of the relocation process were investigated: (i) the identification of common barriers and on-site solutions to the implementation of BIM-LC; (ii) evaluation of the construction efficiency, construction and demolition waste (CDW), and carbon-emission performance. The results showed that the BIM-LC strategy improved labor efficiency and productivity by 3.4% and 12.9%, shortened the construction period by 11 days, reduced construction costs by 8.07% (i.e., USD 9093.8), and reduced transportation costs by 12.5% (i.e., USD 1875). The CDW generation rate ranged from 1–5%, which is comparable to the rates observed in residential construction across various countries. The total weight was 1903.8 kg (10.4 kg/m2). Moreover, the carbon emission during the relocation process was 15,288.4 kgCO2e, with a carbon intensity of 83.5 kg/m2. This study extends the knowledge systems on the application of the BIM-LC method in relocation projects and supports data-driven decision making. It also plays a crucial role in fostering new markets for recycled components, contributing to the realization of a sustainable built environment.

Having a garden or being in the city? The trade-offs and strategies of young middle-class families in Prague

ABSTRACT In recent decades, evolving residential preferences among young middle-class families have diversified spatial mobility patterns, challenging the traditional suburban inclination with the emergence of reurbanization tendencies. Our study employs the concept of life course and explores the decision-making process of housing relocation in a post-socialist city and how housing needs and preferences are confronted with what is affordable for young middle-class families. Through semi-structured interviews in the Prague Metropolitan Area, our findings reveal heterogeneous mobility responses to family transitions and housing market dynamics. A significant trade-off is identified between having a garden and residing in the city without a commute, highlighting variations in parental perceptions of an ideal childhood. Our research underscores distinctions in residential preferences and housing choices in post-socialist cities compared to Western counterparts, driven by factors such as privatism, unique perceptions of suitable housing for young families, and historical development influencing intergenerational transmission of residential preferences.

An exploration of relocation initiatives deployed within and between nursing homes: a qualitative study

BackgroundRelocations within and between nursing homes often induce stress, anxiety, and depression in residents and cause additional workload for and burnout in staff. To prevent this, many nursing homes deploy pre-transition initiatives, bridging initiatives, and post-transition initiatives to support residents and staff during the relocation process. As little is known about these initiatives, this study aims to explore the pre-relocation, bridging and post-relocation initiatives used for relocations within and between nursing homes.MethodsIn seven Dutch nursing homes, eight focus groups were conducted with two to six participants (N = 37) who were actively involved in relocation processes in different roles (i.e., managers, healthcare professionals, support staff, client council members, residents and family). The focus groups were conducted based on a predefined topic list and lasted approximately 60 min. The transcripts were recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic coding.ResultsNursing homes had to be inventive in developing relocation initiatives as neither shared guidelines nor knowledge exchange on this topic were available. A total of thirty-seven relocation initiatives were identified in these seven nursing homes. Nineteen pre-relocation initiatives were identified, of which eight emphasized information and engagement, three highlighted training and practice and eight stressed orientation and visualization. Seven bridging initiatives were identified, of which four emphasized coordination and continuity and three highlighted entertainment and celebration. Eleven post-relocation initiatives were identified, of which seven emphasized evaluation and troubleshooting and four highlighted change and adjustment.ConclusionThe identified relocation initiatives were developed unassisted by nursing homes, due to a lack of shared guidelines, knowledge exchange and mutual learning on this topic. Therefore, it may be expedient and more effective to develop general guidelines for relocations within and between nursing homes in collaboration with nursing homes.

Transdisciplinary Methodology for Refugee Resettlement Process

This paper’s primary goal is to present a novel transdisciplinary (TD) methodology for theresettlement of refugees. Numerous factors, such as budgetary and cost concerns, federal law and policy,administrative difficulties, security screening protocols, education and training, housing and health, crimerate, socioeconomic issues, and many more, can be considered that influence the refugee resettlementprocess. Refugee resettlement is a complex matter with numerous factors to consider. Using the InteractiveCollective Intelligent Management (ICIM) Workshop, the working group developed transdisciplinary collectiveintelligence to investigate the issue. The Nominal Group Technique (NGT) was used to develop and clarifya list of issues about the complex issue through the survey. A condensed example of refugee resettlementthat has ten TD solutions and six complex issue challenges created with ICIM. Using TD integrated tools,TD solutions to create effective administrative processes that will significantly affect the challenging issuesassociated with refugee resettlement have been examined.

THE HISTORY OF PEOPLES IN KAZAKHSTAN DURING THE VIRGIN LANDS: PROCESS AND CONSEQUENCES

The article describes the demographic impact of the peoples who moved to Kazakhstan during the years of development of virgin and fallow lands, one of the largest reforms under the Soviet regime. During this resettlement process, the number of diasporas in Kazakh lands increased dramatically, and the Kazakh people became a minority. This was especially evident in the northern regions of Kazakhstan, where virgin lands were built up. Over the years of developing virgin and fallow lands, Kazakhstan has moved from various industries to the forefront in the union republics. Also during the migration process there were visitors from other countries, except for the union republics. In particular, the Kazakhs who moved to China during the famine were given the opportunity to return to their homeland. Such an event, to a lesser extent, had a significant impact on the share of the Kazakh population in the demographic situation. This migration process was large-scale both territorially and ethnically. During the period in which the chronology of the virgin lands entered, the movement of peoples was also directed to an external channel. Chechens, Ingush, Karachays, Balkars, and others who were involuntarily deported to Kazakhstan during World War II. The peoples were able to return to their homeland. However, most of them remained in Kazakhstan. The article uses monographs, articles and statistical collections of researchers from the beginning of the Mother of God years to the present day. In addition, with the help of the historical-comparative method, the migration process of the peoples of this period was compared with statistical data.

Contribution of diversity of social participation on the mental health of humanitarian migrants during resettlement.

By the end of 2022, an estimated 108.4 million individuals worldwide experienced forced displacement. Identifying modifiable factors associated with the mental illness of refugees is crucial for promoting successful integration and developing effective health policies. This study aims to examine the associations between the changes in the diversity of social participation and psychological distress among refugees throughout the resettlement process, specifically focusing on gender differences. Utilizing data from three waves of a longitudinal, nationally representative cohort study conducted in Australia, this study involved 2399 refugees interviewed during Wave 1, 1894 individuals interviewed during Wave 3 and 1881 respondents during Wave 5. At each wave, we assessed psychological distress and 10 types of social participation across 3 distinct dimensions, including social activities, employment and education. The primary analysis employed mixed linear models and time-varying Cox models. Gender-stratified analyses and sensitivity analyses were performed. Refugees engaging in one type or two or more types of social participation, compared with those not engaging in any, consistently had lower psychological distress scores (β = -0.62 [95% confidence interval (CI), -1.07 to -0.17] for one type of social participation; β = -0.57 [95% CI, -1.04 to -0.10] for two or more types of social participation) and a reduced risk of experiencing psychological distress (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.81 [95% CI, 0.65-0.99] for one type of social participation; HR = 0.77 [95% CI, 0.61-0.97] for two or more types of social participation) during the resettlement period. When stratifying the results by gender, these associations in the adjusted models only remained significant in male refugees. Moreover, three specific types of social participation, namely sporting activities, leisure activities and current employment status, were most prominently associated with a reduced risk of psychological distress. The findings of this cohort study suggest that social participation was consistently associated with reduced risks of psychological distress among male refugees during resettlement. These findings highlight the significance of promoting meaningful social participation and interaction may be an effective strategy to improve the mental health of refugees and facilitate their successful integration into society, especially among male refugees.

Arab Refugees with Physical Disabilities: An Exploration of Barriers within the Resettlement Process

Arab Refugees with Physical Disabilities: An Exploration of Barriers within the Resettlement Process

Motivation for relocation and spatial improvement of relocated public libraries in Japan—An evaluation of the role fulfillment of libraries

AbstractJapan faces the serious challenge of a decreasing and aging population, impacting the maintenance and upgrade of public libraries. Concurrently, public libraries, crucial social education facilities in Japan, are expected to assume broader societal roles. In response, some Japanese public libraries relocated to address these challenges and new demands. However, there has been limited research focusing on the relocation process and its subsequent evaluation. This paper fills this gap by concentrating on relocated public libraries (RPLs) in Japan during the recent decade (2010–2020), aiming to investigate their relocation motivations and spatial improvement and evaluate their role fulfillment after relocation. By posting questionnaire sheets to 217 target RPLs, we collected 143 valid responses, did a cross‐analysis on motivations, spatial changes, and library types, and evaluated improved role fulfillment postrelocation. Results suggest that public libraries are serving multiple roles in their communities, and their role fulfillment after relocation was linked to certain locational and spatial improvements. This research could help upgrade and reorganize public libraries in the future and contribute to the literature by understanding the relocation of public libraries from a dynamic perspective.

Стратегії релокації українських high-tech підприємств під час війни

The full-scale war gave impetus to significant migration trends that caused dramatic changes in Ukraine’s economy. Such trends have spread not only to people from the temporarily occupied territories, territories where active hostilities are taking place and there is a threat of shelling, but also intensified the relocation of various enterprises. There was a need to quickly move the assets of enterprises, employees and their families. The nature of such relocation and approaches to its implementation were different, supported by the authorities of Ukraine and other host countries, and depended mainly on the financial capacity of entrepreneurs, readiness to change location and a set of subjective factors, including the type of economic activity. Thus, the article is devoted to the study of the processes of relocation of Ukrainian high-tech companies, most of which are traditionally concentrated in the IT sector. The aim of the article is to study the strategies of relocation of Ukrainian high-tech enterprises during the wartime, to determine the factors influencing the adoption and implementation of decisions on relocation in critical conditions and conditions of uncertainty. The positive trends in the development of the domestic IT sphere before the full-scale invasion are analyzed, including entering the international arena as an outsourcer for Western countries. New challenges, and therefore new opportunities for the development of technologies and the high-tech industry caused by the war, are considered. The concept of relocation, its types and levels are identified. The main difficulties and efficiency of relocation of IT firms are defined, which depend on taking into account localization, the amount of costs, involvement of personnel, customers and partners, time and effort for a relocation, as well as on the reputation of firms and opportunities for their development. Each relocation is a unique economic and social phenomenon, and the impact on an IT firm may vary depending on the specific circumstances. It is quite important to plan and coordinate relocation processes to maximize benefits and reduce possible negative consequences. There is a difference in planning, coordinating, and financing the relocation process between large and small IT companies. The factors influencing the decision-making on relocation are classified. The development and implementation of relocation strategies took various forms. IT companies have demonstrated high adaptability and independence of action in the face of uncertainty and threats. The article conducts a SWOT analysis of Ukrainian high-tech enterprises, proposes typical scenarios for the development of events during relocation in the conditions of wartime in the form of a matrix of strategies. The relocation of Ukrainian IT companies took place on a significant scale, in some cases these processes began to be planned and even implemented even before the full-scale invasion for security reasons. The regional model of relocation was marked by the presence of powerful regional IT ecosystems, a focus on previous business contacts and family ties, relocation mainly to large cities, and the activities of organizations to support Ukrainian businesses during relocation within the borders of Ukraine and abroad.

Business relocation: infrastructure and logistics aspects

The conditions of russia's full-scale war against Ukraine, Ukrainian citizens and business entities have faced an extremely acute problem related to the need to preserve their physical existence. Millions of citizens and thousands of businesses are under the potential threat of entering the area of hostilities and occupation. They faced a dilemma: to survive physically, to lose their assets, to leave their homes, or to relocate to safer places within Ukraine or abroad. Aspects that reflect the essence of the problem, certain elements of similarity with the Second World War, which took place on the territory of Ukraine in 1939–1945 are considered in this paper. Current trends that significantly affect the actions of business entities under martial law are analyzed. The «bottlenecks» of the business relocation process are identified, the threats and certain aspects of avoiding possible risks with emphasis on infrastructural and logistical mechanisms are considered. Special attention is paid to the need of careful planning and preparation of the relocation process, taking into account not only economic and social factors, but also security and geopolitical factors. Components of successful business relocation in terms of optimizing material, financial and information flows involved in the production of goods/provision of services are highlighted in this paper. The need to focus more attention on the financial component of relocation, possible sources of financing for its successful implementation is updated. The author’s attention is focused on the lack of clear legislative regulation of the use of personal income tax funds during the full-scale war. Statistical information concerning relocated enterprises for 2022–2023 has been analyzed. Attention is focused on potential relocation opportunities in different regions of Ukraine. The main stages of relocation are considered, the key points, including relocation of certain types of business outside Ukraine, are highlighted. It is emphasized that enterprises planning relocation should carefully consider all aspects of this process, first of all, from the point of view of impact on business not only in real time, but also in the future.

Calculation of the Deadlines for the Implementation of Key Measures of the Moscow Housing Stock Renovation Program

To ensure the deadlines for the implementation of the Moscow housing stock renovation program, it is fundamentally important to use an up-to-date model for the implementation of the program. The presented article is devoted to the development of methods for assessing the dynamics of the duration of the processes of resettlement of residents and demolition of evicted houses under the renovation program. As a solution to this problem, the use of a time series estimation method is proposed. The purpose of the study was to identify quantitative changes in the values of the average duration of the processes of resettlement and demolition of apartment buildings during the implementation of the renovation program, the development and approbation of algorithms for their calculation. In case of positive experience in the application of the developed methodology, it can be extended to use in the study of the dynamics of other processes in the renovation program. Including when assessing the duration of construction of new houses.

Чехи в Україні в другій половини ХІХ – на початку ХХ століття

Background. More than 100 different nationalities live on the territory of modern Ukraine. This diversity was formed under the influence of economic and socio-political changes that have taken place in Europe in recent centuries. The article identifies the main regions of settlement and residence of Czech colonists within the modern borders of Ukraine, the differences in the conditions of resettlement, settlement, and farming, taking into account the state policy of settlement on Ukrainian lands, makes a comparative analysis of the socio-economic situation, and indicates possible directions for new research. Methods. Using general historical methods – comparative and synchronous, the principle of historicism – the transformational phenomena are considered and analysed taking into account the historical context of the development of social relations; the method of comparative and analytical analysis is used to form a holistic view of understanding the common and distinctive components of socio-economic phenomena In the process of processing the sources, an integrated approach and a comparative method are applied. Results. The author identifies the individual regions of Czechs' settlement in the second half of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The conditions of resettlement are indicated and the characteristic features of the socio-economic and legal status of the Czechs, depending on the region of their settlement, are investigated, as well as the contribution of the Czechs to the formation of socio-economic, scientific and cultural potential for the development of Ukrainian lands in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Conclusions. The migration processes of the second half of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries were the result of the intensive development of a new economic formation in Europe. In search of better living conditions, the process of resettlement of Czechs from Bohemia and Moravia intensified at that time. The settlement boundaries covered not only the territories of the Austrian Empire, but they also colonised the Ukrainian lands of the Russian Empire. The resettlement of Czechs from their historical homeland to the Ukrainian lands within the Austrian and Russian empires in the second half of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries was caused by various factors and preconditions. The process of Czech colonisation of the South of the Russian Empire took place in waves. Most Czechs settled in Volhynia, as well as in the Kyiv and Podillia provinces. By the beginning of the twentieth century, Czechs had become an integral part of the population of the Ukrainian lands

Imperial and Soviet experience of the policy of agrarian resettlement in the Russian Far East: Similarities and differences

The article examines the current scientific problem of implementing state agrarian resettlement to the Far East in the 1850–1980s. The use of a systematic approach made it possible to determine, on the one hand, the influence on the resettlement process of a subjective factor – political, and on the other – demographic, objective. Taking into account these factors it is possible to highlight the similarities and differences of state resettlement within the studied chronological framework on the following grounds: state tasks, conditions for providing land, tax and other preferences, organization of transportation, loans and cash benefits, geography of resettlement places. The study found that during the time under study, resettlement traditionally remained a way to solve militarypolitical and socio-economic problems. The relationship was also evident in migration incentive measures – benefits (loans, benefits, housing, travel), and the geography of new settlers. The uniqueness of the Soviet period lay in the planning and mobilization nature of the implementation of the resettlement policy. Significant differences include differences in the use of land and the size of land plots.

Factors associated with primary healthcare provider access among trans and non-binary immigrants, refugees, and newcomers in Canada

ObjectiveTrans and non-binary (TNB) immigrants, refugees, and newcomers (IRN) face intersecting challenges and barriers, including stigma and persecution in countries of origin, and others unique to the Canadian resettlement process. The present study aimed to investigate factors that are associated with having a primary healthcare provider among TNB IRN. DesignTrans PULSE Canada was a community-based, national study of health and wellbeing among 2,873 TNB people residing in Canada, aged 14 and older, who were recruited using a multi-mode convenience sampling approach.. The survey asked questions about identity, community, service access, health – and IRN were asked questions specific to immigration/settlement. ResultsOf the 313 IRN participants who completed the full survey version (age M = 34.1, SE=0.75), 76.4 % had a primary healthcare provider. TNB IRN largely reported being Canadian citizens (59.8 %), gender non-binary or similar (46.9 %), currently living in Ontario (35.5 %), and having immigrated from the United States (32.1 %). Chi-square analyses revealed that having a primary healthcare provider was associated with age, gender identity, citizenship status, region of origin, current location in Canada, length of time since immigrating to Canada, status in gender affirming medical care, and having extended health insurance. With modified Poisson regression, we found that TNB IRN who were non-permanent residents, originating from European, African, and Oceania regions, or living in Quebec and the Prairie provinces were less likely to have a primary healthcare provider. ConclusionResults may inform settlement organizations of the unique needs and barriers of TNB IRN. Schools and LGBTQ+ organizations may better serve this population – especially those originating from highlighted regions, who live in Quebec or the Prairie provinces, and/or are non-permanent residents – by offering programs that connect them to primary healthcare providers who are competent in cross-cultural trans health.

Point Cloud-Based Spatial Environment Development for Near Real-Time Erection Simulation in Shipyards

<i>Interference and collisions often occur in the loading process at shipyards. Existing simulation methods focus primarily on resource processes and schedules, and there is a lack of real-time reflection in the complex and highly variable loading process. This study aims to develop a spatial environment incorporating real-time product data, such as hulls, and confirms its effectiveness by simulating various construction scenarios. As a method, a near real-time spatial environment based on broadband laser scanning was established, with the situation of loading heavy cargo assumed when converting an existing ship into an LNG dual-fuel propulsion ship. A case study simulation of near-real-time cargo loading processes was then conducted using Unity 3D to confirm the interference and collision risks within the spatial environment. The results indicated that interference occurred in structures previously not identified in the design data, and a collision occurred during the loading object erection phase. The simulation confirmed that the identification of interference and collision risks during the erection phase highlights the need for a relocation or removal process of potential hazards before erection takes place. An improved erection simulation that integrates near real-time data could effectively prevent interference and collision risks.</i>