Reintegration Process Research Articles

Surviving in the Post-Repatriation Era: Challenges and Opportunities for Papuan refugees after returning from Papua New Guinea

Although many studies have been carried out on the living conditions of Papuan refugees in Papua New Guinea, little is known about what happens to them once they have been repatriated to the Indonesian province of Papua. This study seeks to fill this void. By focusing on two areas of repatriants’ settlement in Papua Province (Kwimi village of Keerom and Nasem village of Merauke), this article examines their living conditions in the post-repatriation period and identify ways in which the Indonesian government can improve its repatriation program. Data were gathered through focus group discussions, observation, and library research between the second and third week of December 2021. This research, based on a qualitative descriptive approach, found that Papuan repatriants faced difficulties adjusting to life after repatriation. Among their challenges are reintegrating into the community, finding employment, funding their children’s education, gaining livelihoods, and clashing with land settlements. These difficulties stem from the government’s inability to provide proper assistance to repatriated individuals within the first five years of their settlement, which results in challenges for them during the reintegration process. This research also offers recommendations for Indonesia’s central and local governments to formulate a coordinated policy in handling repatriants; develop a project plan in the first five years covering the principles of safety, protection, mentoring, empowerment; and consider the repatriation issue in the country’s best interest. Keywords: Papua; Papua New Guinea; repatriants; refugee

Stigma management during reintegration of older incarcerated adults with mental health issues: A qualitative analysis

IntroductionThe number of older prisoners with mental health issues released from prisons and forensic psychiatric institutions is rising. Their successful integration is important due to its implications for the public's safety and the individual's health and well-being. However, reintegration efforts are hampered due to the double stigma attached to ‘mental illness’ and ‘incarceration history’. To alleviate the burden of such stigma, affected persons and their social networks employ stigma management strategies. This study sought to investigate the stigma management strategies of mental health professionals supporting older incarcerated adults with mental health issues in their reintegration process. MethodsSemi-structured interviews with 63 mental health professionals from Canada and Switzerland were carried out as part of the overall project. To address the reintegration topic, data from 18 interviews were used. Data analysis followed the thematic analysis approach. ResultsMental health professionals emphasized the double stigmatization of their patients which impaired their quest for housing. Lengthy searches for placement frequently resulted in patients' unnecessary long stays in forensic programs. Nevertheless, participants outlined that they were at times successful in finding appropriate housing for their patients due to the use of certain stigma management strategies. They stated that they, first, established initial contacts with outside institutions, second, educated them about stigmatizing labels and, third, provided ongoing collaboration with public institutions. DiscussionIncarcerated persons with mental health issues face double stigmatization that affects their reentry process. Our findings are interesting as they illustrate ways in which stigma can be reduced, and how the reentry process can be streamlined. Future research should include the perspectives of incarcerated adults with mental health issues to shed more light on the various options that they seek for successful reintegration after imprisonment.

Reintegration of Return Migrants in Northern Ghana and their Remigration Decisions: A Qualitative Study

A political discussion has recently erupted over the return of migrant kayayei (head porters) from Northern Ghana. Return migrants were studied meagrely with regard to their reintegration process, skills acquired at their destinations, and chances for productive engagement. These chances allow the return migrants to pursue socially desirable goals. This study attempts to answer the questions pertaining to why migrants remain at home in terms of their experiences in the reintegration process and the reasons for re-migration. The purpose of this study was to explore how the socioeconomic environment of home communities aids the reintegration of return migrants from Ghana's Northern Region. Eighty-nine (89) return migrants from eight districts in Northern Ghana were selected using snowball sampling and their reintegration processes investigated. To analyze the process of reintegration of return migrants, the study adopted the interpretivist and ethnography research design under which qualitative case study approach was used to collect data. Thematic analysis was applied in analysing the qualitative data. The study discovered that some return migrants were eager to stay in their home communities after returning home, not because of greater economic prospects, but because of improved social considerations. They will re-migrate, however, if the individual places a high value on economic factors and the destination offers greater economic possibilities. However, if we want return migrants to stay in their hometowns, government has to increase the job opportunities in their home communities with healthy economic possibilities.

Feasibility and Acceptability of a Virtually Delivered Mindfulness-Based Intervention for Post-9/11 Veterans

This pilot study examined the feasibility and acceptability of a virtual mindfulness-based intervention known as RECLAIM (Reconnecting to Civilian Life using Activities that Improve Mindfulness). RECLAIM is a multi-component intervention that is aimed at post-9/11 veterans to strengthen skillsets (e.g., goal setting, energy management) and protective factors (e.g., sense of purpose, social connection) that can mitigate challenges associated with the reintegration process. Feasibility and acceptability outcomes were study enrollment and intervention completion rates. Participants also completed outcome assessments at baseline and postintervention to facilitate a preliminary exploration of the impact of RECLAM participation on several outcomes of interest (e.g., psychosocial functioning, facets of mindfulness). We also conducted qualitative interviews with participants to elicit additional information about feasibility, acceptability, and the outcomes of interest. Eighteen of the thirty-five (51%) eligible participants contacted by phone enrolled. Sixty-one percent (n = 11) completed the intervention (≥ 5 of the 8 sessions). Postintervention assessments indicated significant changes in psychosocial functioning and depressive symptoms and nonsignificant changes in physical health and most aspects of mindfulness (observing, describing, awareness, non-judging). Qualitative findings further supported acceptability of the intervention; participants indicated they enjoyed the sessions and reported several benefits from participating in RECLAIM, such as acquiring mindfulness skills and connecting with and learning from other veterans. Participants indicated they would recommend RECLAIM to anyone, not just veterans. These findings suggest that the intervention is an acceptable and feasible virtual intervention among post-9/11 veterans.

Reintegration of repatriates: a qualitative study of influencing factors in the context of communities

PurposeIn the context of international assignments, repatriates are confronted with social, organisational and cultural challenges. However, the impact of community and social support on the reintegration process has gone unnoticed. The purpose of this paper is to identify the influencing factors on the reintegration process of expatriates who were sent to Asia, especially considering social support and the role of the community. In the context of the community, this paper discusses which factors influence the reintegration process after repatriates return to Germany.Design/methodology/approachIn order to research reintegration problems as well as social support and the role of the community, seven semi-structured interviews were conducted with repatriates from Germany.FindingsThe central results of the study show that there are variables in different areas that influence the reintegration process of repatriates sent to Asia, which have both reintegration-promoting and reintegration-inhibiting effects. Furthermore, it was found that a lack of support from social networks in the home country has negative effect on the reintegration process causing repatriates to stay in known repatriate communities.Originality/valueThe results of the study demonstrate that social networks and communities in the home country represent crucial challenges in the reintegration process. Furthermore, it demonstrates the need for future exploratory research into this area to gain further insights into this topic.

Bridges between families and foster children: family reintegration and adoption of disabled children and adolescents

The study aimed to describe the perception of caregivers and the role of professionals in the process of family reintegration and adoption of children and adolescents with disabilities in a host institution in Belém/PA. Ten family members of five children and three professionals from the technical team participated. The data were collected during the execution of the Pontes Project, by means of recording in a field diary, and the analysis was carried out with the content analysis technique using the software Iramuteq (Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires). The main findings showed the importance of the families being monitored by the technical team for the process of family reintegration and adoption.

ПРО ДЕЯКІ КОГНІТИВНІ ТА МОТИВАЦІЙНО-ЦІННІСНІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ СУБ’ЄКТІВ ПРОБАЦІЇ З ЧИСЛА ЗАСУДЖЕНИХ ЗА КОЛАБОРАЦІЙНУ ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ

This article explores the cognitive and motivational-value characteristics of probation subjects who have been convicted of collaboration activities. The research aims to investigate the psychological mechanisms influencing the behavior of collaborators and their impact on the rehabilitation and reintegration process. The study is based on the results of a pilot survey of probation subjects conducted in 2022 by the Sector of Psychological Assistance and Innovations in Probation. The analysis revealed that collaborators use social media and television significantly less frequently compared to probation staff, with a particular emphasis on limited use of social media. Researchers identified differences in the choice of information sources between collaborators and probation personnel: the former more often use Telegram, while the latter prefer YouTube. These differences may indicate variability in cognitive styles and information perception between these groups. The article also examines the influence of the information environment on the thinking of probation subjects: social media fosters verbal-logical thinking, whereas video content on YouTube activates visual-spatial thinking. The highlighted differences in activity and information perception can affect how subjects react to the presented information. The research also emphasizes the need to expand the value space of probation subjects, as collaborators less frequently travel abroad compared to probation staff. All these findings underscore the importance of considering the cognitive and motivational-value characteristics of probation subjects when developing rehabilitation and reintegration programs for collaborators. Combining different forms of thinking and taking into account their information environment can contribute to a more successful rehabilitation and reintegration of this group of individuals. Key words: collaborationism, collaborationist, motivation, values, cognitive characteristics, probation.

From institutional care to family reunification in a post-Soviet country: A qualitative study of challenges and opportunities in restoring child-parent relationships

BackgroundFamily reunification is one of the main deinstitutionalization strategies in the Post-Soviet countries, replacing institutional childcare systems. While the family offers a better environment for children, little is known about the challenges and opportunities that children and parents face upon reunification and how multiple traumatic experiences that occurred prior to and during separation affect the family reintegration process. ObjectiveThis qualitative study explores the emotional and interpersonal experiences and difficulties that families experience when they reunite with children following institutional placement.Participants and Setting: Children ages 8–16 with a history of institutionalization and their caregivers (N = 47) were recruited through five child institutions in Azerbaijan. MethodsSemi-structured interviews included questions about children’s and caregiver’s experiences during readjustment to the family environment following deinstitutionalization. Four coders thematically coded the interviews. ResultsChildren and parents were pleased to reunite and return home. At times, upon reunification, children manifested both internalizing and externalizing behavioral problems (i.e., social withdrawal, emotional dysregulation, and overtly aggressive behaviors toward family members). Narratives pointed to relational desires and challenges associated with transition from institutional care to the family environment, including building a better sense of trust and communication, as well as managing role conflict and disparate conceptions of authority in the child-caregiver relationship dynamic, particularly affecting boys. ConclusionsTo improve emotional and psychosocial well-being of reunifying children and their caregivers, deinstitutionalization strategies should incorporate culturally-responsive trauma-informed and attachment-based interventions to heal relational traumas and further equip children and caregivers with coping, stress management and emotional regulation skills.

School Administrators’ Engagement in the Reintegration Process in Selected Secondary High Schools in Jamaica

The study sought to examine school administrators’ engagement in the reintegration of students in schools during the pandemic era. The study was conducted using a multiple case study design that used an open-ended survey design to collect data from the selected school administrators. A total of eight participants were selected using a purposive sampling technique. The results of the study found that several challenges such as disruptions, indiscipline, fights, abnormal behaviors, and inadequate support structures all affected the reintegration process of students during the COVID-19 pandemic era.

Wheelchair Skills, Capacity and Performance of Manual Wheelchair Users with Spinal Cord Injury in a Selected Rehabilitation Centre of Bangladesh

Introduction: There is growing recognition that Occupational Therapist has a significant role along with other professional in wheelchair skills training. In rehabilitation center, wheelchair skills are provided as a part of community re-integration process of people with spinal cord injury. However, individual capacity, confidence, performance in wheelchair skills should be prioritized in collaborative treatment plan to ensure occupational functioning of people with spinal cord injury in the community. Objectives: The objectives are to find out the level of wheelchair skills capacity, confidence, and performance of persons with SCI and determine correlation among capacity, confidence and performance. Methodology: This cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in the community among purposively selected ninety manual wheelchair users using the WST-Q version 4.3. Non-parametric test was used to determine correlation among wheelchair skills capacity, confidence and performance. Result: The median (inter-quartile range) values for WST-Q capacity, WST-Q confidence, and WST-Q performance were 74.26% (57.02%-78.78%), 75.75% (66.66%-80.01%), and 72.00% (54.54%-76.47%). The total WST-Q capacity scores correlated significantly with the total WST-Q confidence scores (r=.955; p<.000) and total WST-Q performance scores (r=.888; p<.000). Success rates were <70% for12 of the 34 individual skills on the WST-Q. Conclusion: Wheelchair skills training enhance confidence and participation among people with spinal cord injury. Occupational therapist should focus on improving participation in occupational functioning at community level.

“Quite an Innocuous Thing”: The Select Committee on the Greater Use of Manx Gaelic and language revitalisation in the Isle of Man

Over the past several decades, Manx Gaelic, the indigenous language of the Isle of Man, a small island in the British Isles, has undergone a profound process of revitalisation and reintegration into the life of the community. At the forefront of this revitalisation process has been a dedicated group of language activists who saved the language following the death of the last native speakers. More recently, however, the Isle of Man government has supported the revitalisation of Manx, mainly through education planning and support for cultural programming. This article examines the Select Committee on the Greater Use of Manx Gaelic, a committee of the island’s parliament, Tynwald, the internal and external contexts that shaped its deliberations and recommendations and the role it played in signalling a change in the attitude of the government towards Manx in the mid-1980s. The Select Committee highlights the important connection between the political (governance) and social (identity) dimensions of islandness in the revitalisation of an Indigenous language in a small island context.

Privacy, promotionalism and the proliferation of state-performed criminal record screening in the Netherlands: How a restrictive legal framework can still result in a steep increase of criminal background checks

The Netherlands has endorsed a unique system regarding the management, disclosure and screening of criminal records. Disclosure to third parties is strongly restricted, yet all (potential) employees can request a government agency to provide a risk assessment − known as a Certificate of Conduct (‘VOG’ in Dutch) − for every kind of employment application to determine whether they are fit for a given job. This article explains how and why this Dutch policy approach, deemed respectful of individual privacy rights, can nonetheless go hand in hand with the promotion, proliferation and pervasiveness of criminal record screening. It challenges the often dichotomic approach of the comparative literature on criminal record policies and helps understand that privacy protection alone cannot be fully equated with the rehabilitation and re-entry in society of people with a criminal history. Although the Dutch criminal record system avoids any unnecessary publicity of criminal record data, it nonetheless triggers adverse impairments on reintegration processes through stigmatisation and exclusion resulting from the ubiquitous use of Certificates of Conduct in the labour market. This questions the promotion of the Dutch screening instrument as an exemplary model for criminal record information sharing within Europe.

Practices and Needs in Reintegration Programs for Violent Extremist Offenders in the United States: The Extremist Perspective

As violent extremists continue to be released from prison and put on probation, further research is needed on the best programs and methods for the reintegration of this population. Based on a series of semi-structured interviews of former extremists, this study describes common challenges and helpful elements in the reintegration process. We identify five notable themes: the importance of rapport, challenges in accessing adequate mental health treatment, the impacts of solitary confinement, and difficulties with counter-productive probation conditions.

Pains and injuries in the life of the instrumental musician: definitions and causes, impacts and damages, prevention and reintegration

This research has as its main objective the undersanding of the scenario of pain and injuries in the life of the instrumental musician, raising data on the awareness of healthy habits, prevention and reintegration. Is is a qualitative investigation. The methodology responds to data collection through the literature review based on articles related to the theme in the last thirty years. The subject is relevant, since the damage caused by the injury is a reality and the prevention and reintegration process is a necessity. The results dialogue with the awarenessa of the problem, presenting actions that promote self-knowledge, proprioception, building a lifestyle and instrumental performance that respects the time and the psychological an physiological characteristics or each instrumentalist; the pedagogical procedures based on reflection and criticality and the search for balance between the demands and aspirations of the individual in the contemporary world.

Social support of veterans of the Russian-Ukrainian war and their families during the war and post-war period

The increase in the number of veterans/veterans in connection with the full-scale invasion of Russia on the territory of Ukraine has exacerbated the issue of developing effective mechanisms for their social support at the state level. The article offers its own understanding of the content of social support; the results of the study of the available domestic and foreign experience in the organization of social support for veterans in the activities of primary state and communal institutions are highlighted; the work prospects of state and communal institutions of relevant ministries (the Ministry of Defense, the Ministry of Veterans Affairs and the Ministry of Social Policy) regarding the implementation of social support for veterans of the Russian-Ukrainian war and their families were developed and highlighted. It is noted that social support is a set of activities, programs and services provided by local authorities, public organizations and other institutions or organizations with the aim of facilitating the process of reintegration and ensuring a dignified life for veterans/veterans and their family members. It was determined that the primary institutions for the organization and implementation of social support for the specified population category are three institutions: territorial recruitment and social support centers of the Ministry of Defense, territorial departments of the Ministry of Veterans Affairs, Centers for the provision of social services/Centers of social services of the Ministry of Social Policy, which are obliged it is necessary to clearly divide powers and take responsibility for the implementation of social support for veterans/veterans and their family members.

Methods of researching the state of historical buildings energy efficiency

While rebuilding post-war Ukraine, there will be a need to introduce historical buildings into the discourse of energy-efficient improvements both to ensure the energy security of the country and to preserve the historical fund and increase its potential in the context of prospects. The process of energy-efficient reintegration of a historical building requires the use of complex methods for collecting information about the current state of the building, which include both historical and social history collection, as well as non-invasive measurements of the building's characteristics, as well as object modeling for analytical studies of the building's indicators. These studies are conducted to establish the energy-economic characteristics of the building in order to identify the potential for reducing energy consumption and minimizing the impact of the building on the environment.
 Methods of researching the current state of historical buildings energy efficiency are determined by two principled approaches, which involve either direct measurement of building characteristics, or simulation of an analytical model to calculate indicators, based on parametric data and characteristics of the building environment. However, they are preceded by the collection of the building`s historical anamnesis, to understand the context, essence and processes that historically took place in the building and affect the current energy consumption. A careful analysis and a balanced understanding of the historical building is required to set goals for the ongoing renovation of the historical building for the further selection of innovative solutions and energy-efficient strategies.

"Why Moan About It?" An IPA Analysis of Ex-Core Members' Experience of a Pandemic Without a CoSA.

Successful reintegration following prison for those with sexual convictions is a key aim of criminal justice policy. Whilst there is a wealth of research detailing the desistance and reintegration process of current Core Member's (CMs) within Circles of Support and Accountability (CoSA), there is limited research that captures the experiences of ex-CMs once the support of the volunteers had ceased. In addition to this, there is limited research that focuses on the impact COVID-19 has had upon those convicted of sexual offences, living within the community following a CoSA. This study aimed to explore these experiences finding that whilst volunteers helped some ex-CMs to form their own support networks, some ex-CMs appeared to rely more upon informal community support. Participants also maintained fears of their past being discovered and thus, avoided transparency, which is valuable for reintegration. In relation to the pandemic, COVID-19 was recognized as having some detrimental effects for ex-CMs, however, positive impacts and adaptability were also discussed. Conclusions drawn from the analysis provide implications for future multi-perspective and longitudinal research.

The Social Re-Integration of Ex-Prisoners of the Kondengui Central Prison into the Society (Yaounde-Cameroun)

Objective: This article is a result of a study carried out in the town of Yaounde in order to analyse the process of ex-prisoner reintegration in the community. The objective is in an attempt to understand the socio-cultural perceptions that the community holds about ex-prisoners which makes re-integration difficult. Method: Both the qualitative and quantitative methods were used in data collection. This was done through techniques such as documentation, interviews, observations, focus group discussions and a review of literature. Analysis was done using the conflict, incapacitation and the equilibrium model theories respectively. This data was categorised into themes and sub themes such as community’s socio-cultural perceptions, family treatment and consequences of these perceptions on ex-prisoners. Results: Findings revealed that, the family is the determinant factor that helped ex-prisoners re-integrates in the society. This is because 11 out of 15 informants were able to re-integrate into society following the help and understanding from their families. By studying the cases of those rejected by their families, it can be deduced that, their crimes contributed enormously to this rejection. Nevertheless, if one puts aside the fact that they have been able to re-integrate without much problems, the prison is not a place one should be proud of being a member. We then confirmed the saying that the prison is the best place to keep all criminals. Conclusion: This article presents the entire life of ex-convicts while in prison and after (professional, political, economical, social, cultural, distractive and even religious). This will help us understand clearly the link between life in prison, and out of prison. This article is to know the professional activities that have been carried out in prison hence, the influence it might have on them on release back into mainstream society. A senior staff officer in the Kondengui central prison advised that, a good method of ....

Reintegration of crisis services employees: a systematic literature review

PurposeCrisis services personnel are frequently deployed around the globe under highly demanding conditions. This raises the need to better understand the deployment process and more especially, sustainable reintegration after deployment. Despite recent research efforts, the study of the post-deployment stage, more specifically the reintegration process, remains fragmented and limited. To address these limitations, this review aims at (1) describing how reintegration is conceptualised and measured in the existing literature, (2) identifying what dimensions are associated with the reintegration process and (3) identifying what we know about the process of reintegration in terms of timing and phases.Design/methodology/approachFollowing the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) protocol, the authors identified 5,859 documents across several scientific databases published between 1995 and 2021. Based on predefined eligibility criteria, 104 documents were yielded.FindingsResearch has primarily focused on descriptive studies of negative individual and interpersonal outcomes after deployment. However, this review indicates that reintegration is dynamic, multi-sector, multidimensional and dual. Each of its phases and dimensions is associated with distinct challenges.Originality/valueTo the authors’ knowledge, this is the first research that investigates reintegration among different crisis services and provides an integrative social-ecological framework that identifies the different dimensions and challenges of this process.

Life after detention: challenges encountered by released juvenile offenders in Accra, Ghana

This article explores the challenges encountered by released juvenile offenders in Accra, employing the qualitative research method, using the phenomenological approach. Twelve young male adults released from the senior correctional center in Accra took part in interviews which analyzed the Interpretative Phenomenological Approach. The findings of the study reveal that the participants encountered educational and employment challenges. Factors that fueled these challenges include the lack of financial resources and stigma. The lack of state support for the reintegration of released juvenile offenders was also another major contributing factor, the study identified. The findings of this study reveal the need for implementing the Justice for Children policy in Ghana. Context-related reintegration processes for children in conflict with the law suitable for the African and the Ghanaian terrain must be incorporated into the juvenile justice administration. This move is to ensure that released juvenile offenders are cared for. The findings further call for more research into reintegration programs fit for the African context and curated to meet the needs of these released juvenile offenders.