Management Process Research Articles

Business model innovations amidst adverse economic conditions: the role of CEO values

Purpose The current business environment is characterized by high levels of uncertainty that affect the global economic system and have the greatest impact on small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). With an elevated degree of perceived uncertainty, Chief executive officers' (CEOs) of SMEs find themselves in a situation where the old approaches to decision-making are irrelevant and the time to create new ones is limited. The purpose of this study is to examine whether appealing to personal values helps CEOs cope with a high level of perceived uncertainty and make decisions about the further development of the firm by undertaking business model innovations (BMI). Design/methodology/approach This study follows a multiple case study research design drawing on data collected from 10 Russian SMEs. Findings The authors show that CEOs’ communion values lead to innovations in the revenue model and value architecture dimensions of the business model. CEOs who are inclined to agentic values introduce innovations in the revenue model and value offering dimensions. Those executives who balance between the two types of values tend to also balance between different types of innovations in the elements of the business model. Originality/value The results indicate that personal values of CEOs play an important role in managerial processes and the strategic choice of a BMI type. Moreover, personal temporal focus orientation serves as a translation mechanism in the relationship between CEO values and BMI in SME settings.

Validation of Citizen Science Meteorological Data: Can They Be Considered a Valid Help in Weather Understanding and Community Engagement?

Citizen science has emerged as a potent approach for environmental monitoring, leveraging the collective efforts of volunteers to gather data at unprecedented scales. Within the framework of the I-CHANGE project, MeteoTracker, a citizen science initiative, was employed to collect meteorological measurements. Through MeteoTracker, volunteers contributed to a comprehensive dataset, enabling insights into local weather patterns and trends. This paper presents the analysis and the results of the validation of such observations against the official Italian civil protection in situ weather network, demonstrating the effectiveness of citizen science in generating valuable environmental data. The work discusses the methodology employed, including data collection and statistical analysis techniques, i.e., time-series analysis, spatial and temporal interpolation, and correlation analysis. The overall analysis highlights the high quality and reliability of citizen-generated data as well as the strengths of the MeteoTracker platform. Furthermore, our findings underscore the potential of citizen science to augment traditional monitoring efforts, inform decision-making processes in environmental research and management, and improve the social awareness about environmental and climate issues.

Typology and Classification of Management Decisions

Management process is dynamic. Changes in the external and internal environment give rise to the need to make various management decisions. A managerial decision is a choice that a manager must make in order to fulfill the responsibilities of his position. Research objectives: ensuring progress towards the tasks assigned to it. Therefore, the most effective management decision will be the choice that will actually be implemented and will make the greatest contribution to achieving the final goal. Typology and classification of management decisions is necessary to clearly define the characteristics of decisions made at various levels of the organization, and on this basis to formulate requirements for decision-makers, as well as for the information that they should receive. In the process of managing organizations, a huge number of very diverse decisions are made that have different characteristics. There are general characteristics that allow management decisions to be classified and typologized in a certain way.

Virtual Reality Application for the Safety Improvement of Intralogistics Systems

Immersive technologies from the spectrum of Industry 4.0, such as Virtual Reality (VR), are increasingly used in research and safety analysis in industrial and intralogistics systems, including distribution warehouses and production plants. Safety in intralogistics systems is influenced by design and management processes, human behavior, and device performance. In all these areas, VR can serve as a supportive technology for visualization, testing, and employee training. However, this requires the development of principles for integrating VR into standard procedures for the design, modernization, and analysis of intralogistics and production systems. This article discusses the use of VR to analyze the occupational and functional safety of intralogistics systems. It reviews the literature and VR implementations aimed at examining and improving safety in industrial systems. The article explores the integration of VR into the design and analysis procedures for intralogistics and production systems. The authors present a five-dimensional decision space for assessing the use of VR, including identifying subjects of safety analysis, threats and hazards specific to intralogistics, countermeasures for these threats, factors affecting safety, and mechanisms by which VR can improve safety in intralogistics systems. As a subsequent step, the authors discuss using universal simulation environments that support VR technology to study and enhance safety in intralogistics systems, providing a framework example based on the FlexSim (2023 update 2) environment. Finally, this article addresses the threats and limitations of VR technology, along with the challenges and future prospects of VR in the context of Industry 4.0. The article concludes that VR can be an essential tool for increasing safety in the future, albeit with some reservations about certain features of this technology.

Beyond registration: a systematic review of the challenges in managing geographical indications

Intellectual property is a strategic resource for both companies and nations, with geographical indications (GIs) being one of its main elements. These constitute intellectual property mechanisms applicable to goods and services characterized by the place of origin (harvested, produced, or manufactured), which involve environmental, historical, social, and cultural criteria, and thus, need to be managed appropriately. This study aims to analyze how GI management has been addressed in primary studies on the topic. To this end, a systematic review of the related literature between the years 2013 and 2023 was conducted. Out of a total of 396 publications, 21 national publications were selected in which GI appeared as the main objective along with its management process. However, after a complete analysis, it was found that post-registration management is still treated as a secondary objective, thereby demonstrating the importance of further studies on the topic.

Moving from idea to reality: The barriers and enablers to implementing Child and Family Hubs policy into practice in NSW, Australia

BackgroundAdverse childhood experiences can impact physical and mental health throughout the lifespan. To support families experiencing adversity and improve child health and developmental equity, an integrated, multi-sector response is required. Child and Family Hubs (Hubs) are a feasible and acceptable approach to providing such a response. In the Australian context, a number of federal and New South Wales (NSW) state policies support an integrated, multi-sector response using Hubs to support families experiencing adversity. This study examined NSW policy stakeholder and health service manager perspectives on the barriers and enablers to translating policy into practice in the implementation of Child and Family Hubs.MethodsSemi-structured interviews were conducted with 11 NSW government policy stakeholders and 13 community health service managers working in child and family policy and planning or child and family community-based services. Interviews were of 30–60 min duration and explored stakeholder knowledge, perspectives and experiences around childhood adversity, and barriers and enablers to operationalizing policies supporting Hubs. Analysis of barriers and facilitators to implementation of Hub models of care was undertaken using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR).ResultsKey barriers that emerged included short-term and inconsistent funding, lack of resourcing for a Hub co-ordinator, limited support for evaluation and insufficient time to plan for Hub implementation. Key enablers included flexibility and adaptability of Hub models to meet local needs, formal change management processes, strong governance structures and engagement among Hub practitioners. Key insights included the importance of targeted strategies to support sustained individual practice change and the need for organization-wide commitment to enable the successful adoption and maintenance of the Hub model of care.ConclusionsThis study provides valuable insights and contributes evidence around what is needed to strengthen and support the operationalization and scalability of the Hub model of care. Key recommendations for Hub practitioners include the importance of formal change management processes and establishment of strong governance structures, while key recommendations for policymakers include the need for sustainable Hub funding and a standardized, evidence-based framework to support Hub implementation and evaluation.

Bad governance in Australia and how to mitigate it

AbstractWe argue that new public management (NPM) and other processes have led to adverse selection and agency rent problems within the political elite in Australia. The politicisation of the public service and the rise of careerist politicians have led to the de‐separation of what was once two distinct career paths within the political elite. This has changed the decision premise of the advisory system for policy formation and implementation, leading to worse public policy, even policy disasters. We recommend that some of the principles of the Westminster form of government be updated and re‐instituted for political elites within the structures of the Australian government. We canvass four reforms: return to merit appointments and promotion for public servants; a return to tenure for senior public servants; an enhanced push for descriptive representation within the career public service; and a formal role for staffers with centralised appointments, inability to instruct public servants, and restrictions on political and policy roles once leaving public service. These are designed to end the distrust, perceived corruption, and poor governance in the Australian government.Points for practitioners Having separate career paths for non‐elected policy elites and elected elites is vital for information transmission and good governance. Each should operate with separate decision premises and work together in creative tension. NPM practices have weakened the separate career paths of public servants and politicians, leading to adverse selection and agency rent for both. The Westminster system has a logic that has been diluted or weakened within the Australian government, leading to poorer policy and policy disasters. The paper presents four areas for reform.

Integration of Waste Management in Textile Industries of India

The foundation of India's economic growth, the textile sector, has experienced unheard-of growth in recent decades, along with a rise in environmental issues brought on by significant waste generation. This comprehensive study sets out to look into and analyze how waste management techniques are incorporated into the rich history of the Indian textile sector. The study offers a thorough review of current waste management techniques, environmental impact evaluations, and creative solutions influencing the path toward sustainability, bridging the gap between qualitative and quantitative analysis. The introduction sets the context by outlining the mutually beneficial relationship between the expansion of the textile industry and its subsequent environmental load. The clothing industry has gained prominence due to the increase in demand for its products, however, a paradigm shift is required due to the waste generated by this industry. The study aims to perform a thorough analysis of waste management processes, conduct a quantitative assessment of the environmental implications, and investigate comprehensive strategies for sustainable waste management. The chapter on qualitative analysis explores the complex aspects of waste management in the textile industries of India. This section explains the nuances of waste generation at different phases of textile production by carefully examining existing methods, case studies, and industry dynamics. A thorough grasp of the qualitative landscape is revealed, encompassing everything from yarn and fabric waste to the difficulties presented by chemical residues and the disposal of end-of-life textiles. The importance of awareness and corporate responsibility in influencing waste management methods is also highlighted in this section. Case studies of top textile producers present creative approaches and offer insights into the possibilities of technological developments, cooperative efforts, and models of the circular economy. Nonetheless, difficulties ranging from technology constraints to cultural obstacles highlight how difficult it is to smoothly integrate sustainable practices throughout the sector. The chapter on integration strategies looks at potential directions that could change the way waste is managed in the textile industry in India. Models of the circular economy take center stage because they provide a comprehensive approach to production and disposal. Case studies from real-world applications highlight the revolutionary potential of upcycling and sophisticated recycling technology, offering insights into how these strategies could lessen the industry's environmental impact. Co-processing in cement kilns is a two-pronged method that solves waste disposal issues and produces useful resources. The potential for improved trash sorting and identification is demonstrated by the combination of artificial intelligence and data analytics, opening the door to increased process efficiency in waste management. The study's conclusion emphasizes that although the study has been helpful, the search for India's sustainable textile waste management is still an ongoing project. The industry is at a turning point in its evolution, and the factors pushing it in that direction will be sustained research and innovation leading the way toward a time when environmental stewardship and economic prosperity coexist together. Every thread woven into the fabric of the Indian textile industry offers a story of sustainability, adaptability, and responsible International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management (IJSREM) Volume: 08 Issue: 07 | July - 2024 SJIF Rating: 8.448 ISSN: 2582-3930 © 2024, IJSREM | www.ijsrem.com DOI: 10.55041/IJSREM36458 | Page 2 growth; therefore, the success of this journey will depend on the collective duty of industry stakeholders, policymakers, and consumers. Essentially, the goal of this extensive study is to serve as a compass for the Indian textile sector, offering a path forward to a time when environmental conservation and economic growth coexist peacefully.

АНАЛИЗ УСЛОВИЙ РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ УГРОЗ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ ИНФОРМАЦИИ ЧЕРЕЗ ЭКСПЛУАТАЦИЮ УЯЗВИМОСТЕЙ ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫХ АКТИВОВ

The purpose of the study is to analyze the prerequisites and conditions for the implementation of security threats through the exploitation of vulnerabilities of information assets. The research methods consist in generalizing and analyzing the established approach to preventing threats to information security in the public authorities of the Russian Federation through the exploitation of vulnerabilities, as well as in predicting trends and prospects for the growth of vulnerabilities of information assets. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the analysis of the effectiveness of existing information infrastructure vulnerability management processes implemented without the use of specialized process automation tools.

Anaerobic digestion of municipal solid waste produced by the city of Algiers using life cycle assessment

This study analyses the life cycle assessment of anaerobic digestion process of municipal solid waste management (MSWM) produced by Algiers city. Some keys parameters of the processes are then modified to analyze the "hot spots" and perform a sensitivity analysis to identify their influence on the results. Data for the inventory came from actual city facilities, and background process information came from Eco invent version 3.1 of SimaPro 8.1 software. The analyzed process contribution indicates that the global warming potential is affected by the anaerobic digestion because of the NOx and CO emissions from the thermal processes of biogas burning and fuel oil combustion for digesters heating. Furthermore, plastics recycling is environmentally beneficial because of net savings. The energy valorization of biogas produces the least amount of environmental damage, eliminating 403.06 kg CO2 eq/ton of waste, saving 18.2 E+09 MJ/ton of fossil fuels, and producing 2.8 E+08 kWhel/year, or 6% of the city's annual electricity consumption.

Technology Adoption for NGO Management: a Case Study of Atma Foundation

Mammoth leaps in technology in recent years have revolutionized industry like never before, leading to what is referred to as the 4th Industrial Revolution, or Industry 4.0. The digital transformation of the world has lent new scope to automation, collaboration and man-machine interfaces. According to Haleem et al. (2023)1, Management 4.0 increases efficiency and reduces human error in management processes, through the use of technological advancements like Artificial Intelligence, Virtual Reality, Internet of Things, Robotics etc. In this background, it is relevant to study how Non-Governmental Organisations are adapting, and how well they are poised to harness the possibilities of management 4.0. In India, new regulations by the Government have brought the onus on Non-Governmental Organisations to streamline their management especially with regard to financial transactions, compliance, monitoring etc. This increases the relevance of digital transformation for NGOs in India, and a study on its possibilities and challenges will help NGOs prepare a sustainable roadmap. This paper uses the single case study method to explore how the technological advancements of industry 4.0 are playing out for Non-Governmental Organisations. According to Gilgun, (1994)2 and Takahashi & Araujo, (2019)3 when it is required to do an intensive study of a phenomenon with the aim of understanding its various aspects and repercussions, a single case study method is a useful tool. The organisation chosen here as the ‘case’ is ATMA Foundation, a non-profit voluntary organisation with 17 years’ history, working on different verticals, and hence having a wide scope for adopting better management systems. The methodology used here consists of interviews, observation and review of organisational documents. A checklist of digital tools commonly used by NGOs was prepared, and it was found that ATMA Foundation already uses or is exploring the use of more than 75% of these. The leadership team also expressed their willingness to adopt new technology. The organisational processes were reviewed and a general framework of management needs was prepared. After consultation with experts in digital technologies, the researcher identified new tools which would greatly enhance the efficiency of the organisation. It was found that the organisation is currently making good use of many tools like MS office, cloud storage, emails, Zoom, Google meet, WhatsApp, Tally Prime, Systools and OneDrive. Some of the new and/or AI powered tools identified as suitable for this organisation include Zoho Creator, Zoho CRM, Zoho Projects, Workday, Big Data, MS Office with copilot, Open AI, Bing and Bard. Challenges identified include initial cost, upskilling of employees, realigning management processes and ethical issues. Solutions to overcome these barriers ranged from software donations and pro-bono consultations to conducting change management sessions for leaders and employees. The study concluded that even small NGOs had huge potential to harness technology for Management 4.0, and the challenges involved could be overcome with foresight and planning.

Investigating a novel population health management system to increase access to healthcare for children: a nested cross-sectional study within a cluster randomised controlled trial

BackgroundEarly intervention for unmet needs is essential to improve health. Clear inequalities in healthcare use and outcomes exist. The Children and Young People’s Health Partnership (CYPHP) model of care uses...

FACE RECOGNITION BASED OFFICE RESOURCE CONTROLLING

In contemporary office environments, effective resource management and access control are essential for maintaining security and optimizing productivity. Traditional methods of resource management and access control, such as manual logging and key- based systems, are often cumbersome, prone to errors, and lack real-time monitoring capabilities. In this paper, we propose a Face Recognition-Based Office Resource Controlling (FROC) system that leverages the capabilities of facial recognition technology to automate resource management and access control processes. The FROC system utilizes advanced deep learning algorithms to accurately identify individuals based on facial biometrics, granting or restricting access to office resources accordingly. By integrating facial recognition technology with centralized resource management software, the FROC system enables seamless and efficient control over office facilities, equipment, and confidential information. Additionally, the system offers real-time monitoring and logging of resource usage, enhancing security and accountability within the office environment. Through a combination of hardware components, including surveillance cameras and access control devices, and software modules for facial recognition and resource tracking, the FROC system provides a comprehensive solution for modern office resource management. We evaluate the performance and effectiveness of the FROC system through extensive testing in simulated office environments, demonstrating its potential to streamline operations, improve security, and optimize resource utilizationin office settings. Keywords: Convolutional Neural Networks, image recognition, Tensor Flow, Deep Learning, Teachable Machine,

MSME Development to Increase IPR Valuation

This study discusses the protection of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) in Indonesia, particularly in the context of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). Indonesia has regulations that protect IPR through Law No. 21 of 1961 on Industrial and Trade Marks, and Law No. 20 of 2008 on MSMEs, which support business development. IPR protection is essential for MSMEs to enhance competitiveness and obtain legal recognition for their works. However, public awareness and understanding of the importance of IPR remain low, and there are various obstacles in the registration and management process of IPR. This research employs a normative juridical method by reviewing literature related to relevant theories, concepts, principles, and legal regulations. The results show that brand development and industrial design in MSMEs can provide significant added value, as well as the importance of patent protection to encourage innovation. It is hoped that the government can facilitate the registration process and socialization of IPR, and establish a specialized institution for IPR valuation to enhance the economic contribution of MSMEs in Indonesia.

The mediating role of knowledge management processes on the relationship between knowledge-based HRM practices and open innovation in SMEs

Purpose Studies have demonstrated the role of human resource management (HRM) practices and knowledge management processes (KMPs) in innovative performance. However, there is limited focus on the role of HRM practices in facilitating KMPs in organizations, most especially in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) that are constrained by lack of adequate resources, making them dependent on external sources of knowledge. In addressing this gap, this study aims to investigate the link between knowledge-based HRM practices and open innovation (OI) activities through KMPs in Jordanian SMEs. Design/methodology/approach Following the survey method, 500 manufacturing SMEs in Jordan were randomly selected as participants, with a total of 335 responses collated. The structural equation modeling technique, based on AMOS, was used in analyzing the collected data. Findings The findings revealed a significant positive relationship between knowledge-based HRM practices and OI. In addition, KMPs was determined to be a significant mediator of the relationship between knowledge -based HRM practices and OI. Originality/value The study contributes to the literature by emphasizing the organizational elements that boost OI in SMEs. The findings hold significant implications for enhancing the performance of innovativeness, competitiveness and the socioeconomic advancement in the SMEs sector.

Standardising job descriptions in the humanitarian supply chain: A text mining approach for recruitment process.

Uncertainty and complexity have increased in recent decades, posing new challenges to humanitarian organisations. This study investigates whether using standard terminology in Human Resource Management processes can support the Humanitarian supply chain in attracting and maintaining highly skilled operators. We exploit text mining to compare job vacancies on ReliefWeb, the reference platform for humanitarian job seekers, and ESCO, the European Classification of Skills, Competencies, and Occupations. We measure the level of alignment in these two resources, providing quantitative evidence about terminology standardisation in job descriptions for supporting HR operators in the Humanitarian field. The most in-demand skills, besides languages, relate to resource management and economics and finance for capital management. Our results show that job vacancies for managerial and financial profiles are relatively more in line with the European database than those for technical profiles. However, the peculiarities of the humanitarian sector and the lack of standardisation are still a barrier to achieving the desired level of coherence with humanitarian policies.

The mediating role of knowledge management processes on the relationship between knowledge-based HRM practices and open innovation in SMEs

Purpose Studies have demonstrated the role of human resource management (HRM) practices and knowledge management processes (KMPs) in innovative performance. However, there is limited focus on the role of HRM practices in facilitating KMPs in organizations, most especially in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) that are constrained by lack of adequate resources, making them dependent on external sources of knowledge. In addressing this gap, this study aims to investigate the link between knowledge-based HRM practices and open innovation (OI) activities through KMPs in Jordanian SMEs. Design/methodology/approach Following the survey method, 500 manufacturing SMEs in Jordan were randomly selected as participants, with a total of 335 responses collated. The structural equation modeling technique, based on AMOS, was used in analyzing the collected data. Findings The findings revealed a significant positive relationship between knowledge-based HRM practices and OI. In addition, KMPs was determined to be a significant mediator of the relationship between knowledge -based HRM practices and OI. Originality/value The study contributes to the literature by emphasizing the organizational elements that boost OI in SMEs. The findings hold significant implications for enhancing the performance of innovativeness, competitiveness and the socioeconomic advancement in the SMEs sector.

Analyzing how COVID-19 moderates the relationship between organizational learning capabilities, technological innovation, supply chain management and enterprise performance in the automobile industry

PurposeThis study explored how COVID-19 moderated the relationship between organizational learning capabilities (OLCs), technological innovation (TI), supply chain management (SMC) processes and enterprise performance (EP). It aimed to give ideas on how organizations could change and do well during big disruptions.Design/methodology/approachDesign: A structured questionnaire served as the data collection tool, employing a stratified sampling technique. Partial least squares (PLS) was utilized for data processing. Information was gathered from the automobile industry in Xian, China, providing an in-depth understanding of how COVID-19 moderated the variables under examination.FindingsThe study discovered that COVID-19 changed how organizational learning, TI, SCM and EP interacted. Some organizations had trouble keeping up with learning and innovation, but others used them to make their SCM stronger, leading to better performance. Also, different effects of COVID-19 were seen in various industries and organizations.Practical implicationsThis study provided practical implications for managers, policymakers and practitioners. It emphasized fostering OLCs and TI as crucial for resilience during disruptions like COVID-19. Strategic investments in SCM were highlighted to mitigate disruptions and seize opportunities. Additionally, context-specific approaches were underscored for navigating pandemic-induced challenges.Originality/valueThis study enhanced existing literature by analyzing how COVID-19 moderated the link between organizational learning, TI, SCM and EP. Through diverse methodologies and organizational contexts, it offered fresh insights into dynamic organizational responses to disruptions, advancing both theoretical understanding and practical knowledge in the field.

Analyzing how COVID-19 moderates the relationship between organizational learning capabilities, technological innovation, supply chain management and enterprise performance in the automobile industry

PurposeThis study explored how COVID-19 moderated the relationship between organizational learning capabilities (OLCs), technological innovation (TI), supply chain management (SMC) processes and enterprise performance (EP). It aimed to give ideas on how organizations could change and do well during big disruptions.Design/methodology/approachDesign: A structured questionnaire served as the data collection tool, employing a stratified sampling technique. Partial least squares (PLS) was utilized for data processing. Information was gathered from the automobile industry in Xian, China, providing an in-depth understanding of how COVID-19 moderated the variables under examination.FindingsThe study discovered that COVID-19 changed how organizational learning, TI, SCM and EP interacted. Some organizations had trouble keeping up with learning and innovation, but others used them to make their SCM stronger, leading to better performance. Also, different effects of COVID-19 were seen in various industries and organizations.Practical implicationsThis study provided practical implications for managers, policymakers and practitioners. It emphasized fostering OLCs and TI as crucial for resilience during disruptions like COVID-19. Strategic investments in SCM were highlighted to mitigate disruptions and seize opportunities. Additionally, context-specific approaches were underscored for navigating pandemic-induced challenges.Originality/valueThis study enhanced existing literature by analyzing how COVID-19 moderated the link between organizational learning, TI, SCM and EP. Through diverse methodologies and organizational contexts, it offered fresh insights into dynamic organizational responses to disruptions, advancing both theoretical understanding and practical knowledge in the field.

Reducing target reliability index of concrete bridge beams through compression yielding

Damage to reinforced concrete (RC) bridges due to accidental overloading is inevitable, especially for those that deteriorate over time due to various environmental and operational factors. When significant damage occurs, it needs to be replaced. However, replacing bridges is expensive and time-consuming. This problem can be well resolved by the concept of compression yield (CY) structures. When an overload occurs, the CY block in the beam is triggered like a fuse, forcing the beam to deform in a ductile manner, thus preventing further overloads. Additionally, the damaged CY blocks can be replaced without replacing the entire beam. Due to this safer failure mode and lower cost of failure, the safety reserve of the CY beam can be significantly lower than that of the traditional RC structure, which means that the target reliability of the CY bridge needs to be re-established. The objective of this study is to develop the target reliability of CY bridge. The target reliability of structures is determined through cost optimization. The life-cycle costs for bridges are determined based on the practical construction and post-construction management process. The calculated results indicate that although the initial cost of CY beams could be higher, the losses associated with failures are significantly lower compared to RC beams. Consequently, the target reliability and life cycle costs of CY bridge can be lower than those of the RC bridge.