Labour Process Research Articles

Efficacy of skin-to-skin contact between mother and infant on maternal outcomes during the third stage of labour: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Postpartum haemorrhage is a preventable cause of maternal mortality that commonly occurs during the third stage of labour. Skin-to-skin contact is an intervention that can support the physiological processes of labour by increasing oxytocin levels, which can accelerate placental expulsion and enhance uterine contractions, thereby contributing to the prevention of postpartum haemorrhage. This systematic review aims to evaluate the impact of skin-to-skin contact on key maternal variables during the third stage of labour, including the duration of this stage, placental integrity, the need for manual placental extraction, the administration of therapeutic uterotonics, and the position of the uterine fundus. A systematic review with meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials and prospective quasi-experimental studies was conducted. Studies were searched in PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, CINAHL, Google Scholar, and Web of Science. Statistical analysis was performed using STATA version 18. The results of the meta-analysis were reported using relative risk (RR) for dichotomous data and mean difference (MD) for continuous data, both with 95% confidence intervals (CI). A random-effects model was employed due to the anticipated heterogeneity among the included studies. Sensitivity analyses were performed to assess the robustness of the findings, and a subgroup analysis was conducted based on the type of birth, study design, and country economic level. Twenty-five trials were included. Skin-to-skin contact significantly reduced the duration of the third stage of labour (MD: -4.26; 95%; CI: -5.70, -2.81), increased the likelihood of complete placental integrity (RR: 1.09; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.16), and significantly reduced both the likelihood of a supraumbilical position of the uterine fundus (RR: 0.39; 95% CI: 0.20, 0.76) and the need for uterotonic administration (RR: 0.24; 95% CI: 0.12, 0.48). Skin-to-skin contact is a simple practice that can favourably influence the physiological processes of labour and improve various maternal outcomes. These benefits include reducing the duration of the third stage of labour, ensuring complete birth of the placenta, decreasing the need for uterotonic administration, and increasing the likelihood of a proper uterine fundal position. Therefore, it is recommended to include this practice in labour care protocols.

Effectiveness of the implementation of the birth planning and complication prevention (P4K) program for pregnant women in supporting the optimization of the labor process in the Working Area of Poasia Health Center, Kendari City

Effectiveness of the implementation of the birth planning and complication prevention (P4K) program for pregnant women in supporting the optimization of the labor process in the Working Area of Poasia Health Center, Kendari City

Current socio-environmental transitions and disadvantaged consumers

This essay broaches the topic of people who are fully consumers for their daily provisioning, yet are disadvantaged by being poor, non-white, immigrant, women, and so forth; and it asks how they are experiencing and acting on the supposed "transitions" that are taking place in response to global climate change. Such people will be impacted by powerful changes largely beyond their control, yet their situation is largely neglected, with exceptions, in the "just transitions" literature. The article lays out a series of considerations for studying and acting on these processes. It begins with a vision of consumption as extended reproduction, a demanding household labor process of daily provisioning and longer-term persistence or change, done with commoditized technologies and resource streams, mainly but not entirely by unpaid women. Technologies, resource flows, and labor processes, then, provide ways to think about stresses, risks, and responses by disadvantaged peoples.

N Praise Of Botho, Leadership And Kindness At Work

This paper examises the concept of Botho-Ubuntu, which loosely means humanness, compassion, or kindness, its applicability in leadership and business management is considered to mitigate the crisis of capitalism and motivation of people at work. This is assessed in the context of the nature of capitalism, how the system uses the management function as an instrument of work organization and mechanism of control over the labour process to secure surplus value___ profitability. Through management capitalism not only exploits and underpays workers. It presides over deplorable working conditions, which alienates and dehumanizes a worker. The resultant effect is poor morale, disengagement and resistance which are expressed and released at the point of interface of customer service and occasionally via strikes.

Collagen turnover during cervical remodeling involves both intracellular and extracellular collagen degradation pathways.

Reproductive success requires accurately timed remodeling of the cervix to orchestrate the maintenance of pregnancy, the process of labor, and birth. Prior work in mice established that a combination of continuous turnover of fibrillar collagen and reduced formation of collagen cross-links allows for the gradual increase in tissue compliance and delivery of the fetus during labor. However, the mechanism for continuous collagen degradation to ensure turnover during cervical remodeling is still unknown. This study demonstrates the functional role of extracellular and intracellular collagen degradative pathways in two different settings of cervical remodeling: physiological term remodeling and inflammation-mediated premature remodeling. Extracellular collagen degradation is achieved by the activity of fibroblast-derived matrix metalloproteases MMP14, MMP2, and fibroblast activation protein (FAP). In parallel, we demonstrate the function of an intracellular collagen degradative pathway in fibroblast cells mediated by the collagen endocytic mannose receptor type-2 (MRC2). These pathways appear to be functionally redundant as loss of MRC2 does not obstruct collagen turnover or cervical function in pregnancy. While both extracellular and intracellular pathways are also utilized in inflammation-mediated premature cervical remodeling, the extracellular collagen degradation pathway uniquely employs fibroblast and immune-cell derived proteases. In sum, these findings identify the dual utilization of two distinct degradative pathways as a failsafe mechanism to achieve continuous collagen turnover in the cervix, thereby allowing dynamic shifts in cervical tissue mechanics and function.

Joy, sorrow and invisible work andtheoretical inconveniences in the labour process of community nurses.

This paper uses data from an ethnographic study of a group of NHS community nurses in England, to analyse their work using labour process theory. A theory influenced by Marxist thinking, which is concerned with the examination of the labour process. This study of the nurses' work provides insights into their labour process, as well as proposing theoretical development relating to labour process theory. The paper has been developed using data from an ethnographically oriented study of a group of community nurses. Data was produced from 140h of field observations and also semi-structured interviews with six, community nurses. The data produced from field observations and interview transcripts were analysed thematically and theory building was developed inductively. The analysis within this paper highlights two areas of the nurses' work and both illustrate the theoretical difficulties raised, when using labour process as a tool for analysis, as well as its usefulness. These two areas of work are aspects of invisible work and feelings of joy and sorrow; analysis of both these areas supports a theorising of a distinct relationship between nurse and patient. That is, a relationship between worker and human product, which the paper argues should be accommodated within labour process theory. More research is required to understand the nature of the proposed social relation in production, particularly with reference to other types of worker, in other caregiving settings. As the demands on healthcare workers and other public sector workers are likely to remain consistently high, improved analytical tools to support research into the nature of caregiving work seem both prudent and timely. Labour process theory is a useful (but often under-used and rather unfashionable) tool in the analysis of service-based, public sector work. This paper proposes a theoretical development within labour process theory, which would recognise a social relation in production between a worker and their human product, based on empirical data from a study of community nurses. This theoretical development has the potential to improve the usefulness of labour process theory in the analysis of caregiving labour.

Technology and the Labour Process: Insights from Indian E-Commerce Warehouses

Abstract In the context of innovation in and the application of information and communication technology (ICT), this article seeks to understand how ICT-enabled tools, including algorithmic processing interfaces, cloud computing software, QR codes and barcodes, have become a new managerial equipment for organising, controlling, and disciplining the labour force in the warehouses of e-commerce enterprises in India. This article engages with labour process theory which accords analytical importance to technology in organising work, for managerial control and disciplinary regimes in furtherance of capital accumulation. The evidence here derives from four month’s field work in 2022–23 from Bangalore in south India. Data were generated from 74 semi-structured interviews with employees of, principally, Amazon and Flipkart. The major findings are that an integrated, digitised control system operating in tandem with direct human supervision, ensures the simultaneous processing of products orders and the monitoring of workers’ performance. Further, it investigates how they contribute to work intensification and exacerbated job-related insecurities and vulnerabilities. The outcome is extreme work intensity and the creation of new forms of worker insecurity and vulnerability.

An Overview of the Job Market for Repatriated International Migrant Workers in Vietnam

An employee is someone who directly participates in the labor process, whether by performing manual labor or mental labor. They are paid according to their own capacity through actual labor and employment conduct. Workers returning to their hometowns after working in nations other than Vietnam's territory. For Vietnamese workers who return home after the process of international migration, they face a lot of difficulties in finding jobs in their homeland, although the state and government have supported workers with many policies and welfare support packages, but it is really difficult for workers to integrate into the community due to many different factors. Returning migrants may experience a variety of needs, requiring programs that address those seeking assistance with unemployment, lack of savings, business development, job search, or psychosocial trauma issues or difficulty reintegrating into their communities. Integrated and targeted programs can support migrant workers to return to their local communities and optimize their contribution to the community and the labor market..

Evaluation of Epidural Analgesia for Vaginal Delivery: A Retrospective Analysis of a State Hospital

Aim: Epidural analgesia is the most commonly preferred analgesia method for labour pain management. Our purpose is to examine the effects of epidural analgesia on the mother, fetus, and the labour process in this study. Material and Methods: The files of pregnant women undergoing epidural analgesia for labour between January and December 2017 were examined retrospectively. Demographic data, hemodynamic parameters, duration of labour stages, rates of conversion to caesarean section, visual analogue scale (VAS) scores before and after epidural, APGAR score, maternal and fetal side effects, and satisfaction of pregnant women were evaluated. Results: It was seen that VAS scores were 2-3 with our painless labor analgesia protocol, caesarean rate was 2% among 153 labourers, the hypotension rate was 3.9% as a material side effect, the pregnancy satisfaction rate and the rate of requesting another epidural were 85.6%, and the 1st- and 5th-minute APGAR scores were 9-10 without any adverse effects. Conclusion: Epidural analgesia is a method that should be applied with a multi-disciplinary approach by experienced practitioners and obstetricians. This method dramatically reduces both the pain and stress of the mother and increases labour comfort, and we recommend it to all eligible pregnant women for a painless vaginal delivery.

Correlation Of Maternal Characteristics (Age, Parity, BMI) With Success Of Labor Induction Oxytocin Drip

Background: : Labor induction with oxytocin drip is an alternative action that can be used to overcome complications in the labor process. The study aims to determine the correlation between maternal characteristics (age, parity, BMI) and the success of labor induction oxytocin drips in Aminah Hospital Blitar City. Methods: The research design was cohort retrospective—Independent data on maternal age, parity, and BMI. Dependent data is the success of oxytocin drip labor induction. Data was obtained through medical record status with 50 respondent samples. It was taken using proportional random sampling, Inclusion criteria for oxytocin drip labor induction starting in the latent phase, and collected using the data collection instrument sheet on July 12 - 30, 2023. The data analysis used the Chi-Square test. Results: Results of the study showed that there was a relationship between maternal age and labor induction success with oxytocin drip, with an Asymp Sig (0,000) < α (0,05). There was no relationship between parity and labor induction success with oxytocin drip, with an Asymp Sig (0,157) > α (0,05). There was a relationship between BMI and labor induction success with oxytocin drip, with an Asymp Sig (0,000) < α (0,05). Conclusion: Maternal age and BMI affect the success of labor induction, so women should give birth in a safe age range, which is 20-35 years, and a BMI of 18,5-24,9 kg/m2 will reduce the risk of failure in the labor process, especially labor with oxytocin drip induction.

Effectiveness of Birthing Ball Exercises Therapy in Improving Labor Pain and Labor Outcomes: A Systematic Review

Objective: We must treat every woman with respect and compassion during her childbirth, allowing her to choose how she wants to remember the experience. Midwives and nurses use birthing balls to reduce labor pain and enhance maternal comfort without an epidural. The aim of this systematic review was to critically evaluate the available evidences on the effect of birthing balls on labor pain and labour outcomes. Materials and methods: Studies identified through PubMed, Semantic Scholar, and Mendeley electronic databases to gather evidences with selected keywords. This review incorporated randomised controlled trials and quasi-experimental research studies that met specific, predefined inclusion criteria. The search generated 441 titles and abstracts, which were further filtered down to 29 publications that were possibly relevant. Out of those, eight studies met the inclusion criteria. Performed a quality assessment of the articles using the JBI quality assessment tool. Results: All of the included studies show labor pain on a 10-cm Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and interventional groups reported significantly less labor pain in delivery compared to the control group without birth ball exercise. On labour outcome findings, the intervention group had a higher mean score of cervical dilation in 2 studies, quicker head descent in 3 studies, lower labor time in 4 studies, mother satisfaction throughout labor in 2 studies, and a preference for vaginal delivery in 2 studies. Conclusion: Clinical implementation of a birthing ball exercise during the process of labor is an effective intervention to reduce labor pain and improve labor outcomes.

Influencing Factor Analysis and Prediction Model of Emergency Caesarean Delivery for Advanced-Age Nulliparous Women at the Time of Hospitalization

Objective: In Japan, the number of nulliparous pregnant women of advanced age, defined as 35 years or older, has increased, and the age range has lengthened towards older age with the increased use of infertility treatments. Given this trend, adverse labour outcomes, such as emergency caesarean delivery (ECD), are expected to increase. Therefore, by focusing mainly on maternal age and infertility treatment history, we aimed to establish a new prediction model for the likelihood of ECD after identifying the influencing factors related to maternal and labour-related characteristics. Materials and methods: The medical records of 1,521 pregnant women who were nulliparous between 2017/4/1 and 2024/3/31 at our hospital were retrospectively reviewed. First, for the 675 women who were aged 30 years old or more, we calculated the rates of ECD in 8 groups classified according to maternal age, infertility treatment, and other variables. Next, we performed multivariate logistic regression analysis to assess the effect of each representative factor and established a prediction model based on the number of factors that were significant in the multivariate analysis. Results: Simple comparisons classified by maternal age revealed a constant increase in the rate of ECD with increasing maternal age, and multivariate analysis revealed 7 significant factors, namely, advanced maternal age, history of using assisted reproductive techniques (ART), small height, high Body mass index (BMI), low Bishop score, late-term delivery, and large infant. In the prediction model constructed with these 7 factors, the rate of ECD increased as the number of these factors increased. Conclusion: The negative impact of advanced maternal age, namely, 40 years or older, and ART history, on labour outcome is clear. A new prediction model has the potential to identify patients with an extremely high probability of needing an ECD. These results may indicate that the management of the labour process will become more difficult in the future.

Transformation of the subject field of Russian sociology of labor: from a system of labor relations to the constructivist perspective

The article is devoted to the processes of transformation of the content and boundaries of the subject field of Russian sociology of labor, which occurred from the late 1980s to the present. To achieve this goal, the tasks are solved, consisting in the analysis of scientific and educational literature on the subject of labor sociology; the description of the main methodological approaches to the study of labor relations; the construction of the content of the subject field of labor sociology from the standpoint of the latest concepts of the sociology of life and the existing experience of the Samara School of Sociology of Labor. It is emphasized that in Russian literature there are at least six approaches to the consideration of the subject of sociology of labor, which are mainly based on the systemic approach that prevailed back in Soviet times. In terms of content, one or another aspect of social interaction in the field of work is most often declared the subject of labor sociology: 1) the attitude of society to work (work as a social phenomenon), 2) relations between participants in the labor process (labor relations), 3) the attitude of participants in the labor process to their work. The methodical and methodological difficulties of analyzing labor relations are associated with the existence of many overlapping and contradictory approaches within the directions of sociological realism, nominalism and constructivism, which interpret both their content and the factors influencing them in different ways. The most promising direction of modern analysis of labor relations is the application of the constructivist concept of the sociology of life, in which labor relations can be considered as a synthesizing (unifying) concept in relation to the key components of the employee's life world (labor consciousness, labor behavior and the work environment), which in turn consist of a number of elementary concepts (labor motivation, social well-being, social tension, involvement in labor activity) in the space of the social and labor sphere of society (a structure-forming concept). Based on the experience of empirical research accumulated during the post-Soviet period and using new theoretical foundations, the main directions of modern research in the subject field of Russian sociology of labor are: 1) study of the behavior and life world of subjects of labor relations in conditions of precarious employment, 2) analysis of the content and composition of participants (subjects) of labor relations, 3) problems of inequality and social justice in conditions of everyday labor interactions.

Migration Component of Cooperation between Russia and Tajikistan

Aim. The article is devoted to the argumentation of the role of the migration component of labor resources, identification of socio-economic consequences of labor migration and development of approaches to its regulation in the interaction between Russia and the Republic of Tajikistan.Tasks. To study the role of Tajikistan in the formation and use of labor resources of Russia, to study the causes and consequences of the transformation of migration processes in the Republic of Tajikistan, to substantiate the prospects for the development of the migration component of interaction between Russia and the Republic of Tajikistan.Methods. The study used: analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, comparisons and groupings, economic and statistical analysis, evolutionary and historical approaches; used the legislative base and generalized literature sources on the topic of the study.Results. The study revealed a significant role of migration processes in the formation and use of labor resources, as evidenced by the average annual changes in this indicator calculated by the authors for more than a decade. The relevance of the study of the migration component of interaction between Russia and the Republic of Tajikistan is confirmed by its high share in the total migration flow. The article substantiates a set of factors affecting the migration component of labor resources. The main ones include: multipolarity, confirmed by the creation of interstate associations such as BRICS; changes in migration legislation regulating the activities of migrants, both in the host country and in the country of origin; the development of digital technologies, contributing to the expansion of the use of nonstandard forms of employment such as freelancing and platform employment. In the process of the research, the fundamental principles of forming the labor potential of migrants, which, in our opinion, contribute to the improvement of their labor potential, were identified. It is argued that it is advisable to focus attention not only on the organizational and economic efficiency of production processes. The article concludes that in regulating labor migration it is necessary to take into account the transition from the model of standardized employment to individualized employment, which significantly affects migrants and is confirmed by the spread of precarious work among them.Conclusions. This study examines the migration component of interaction between Russia and the Republic of Tajikistan, which is very important for both countries. For Russia, the expediency of migration processes is due to the fact that they contribute to the solution of demographic and related problems, including the replenishment of the labor force at the expense of young and middle-aged people. For the Republic of Tajikistan, migration is part of the state policy on labor market regulation, which is confirmed by current and prospective measures to regulate the labor market in this country. The positive result of interaction between Russia and the Republic of Tajikistan is achieved with a comprehensive approach to solving this problem, providing for statistical substantiation of the need for labor resources, adequate to changing conditions legislative framework, close connection with the sphere of education. Modern computer technologies cause a high degree of digitalization of organizational and labor processes, manifested in the expansion of non-standard, including precarious, forms of employment, which implies the need for their monitoring and regulation.

Integrated proteomics and metabolomics network analysis across different delivery modes in human pregnancy: a pilot study

BackgroundDelivery mode has been linked to child health, e.g., allergic disease. However, it remains unclear whether protein and metabolite differences across different delivery modes may underlie child development.MethodsA cohort comprising 16 spontaneous onset vaginal delivery (VD), 16 prelabor cesarean delivery on maternal request (CS), and 8 intrapartum cesarean section (Intra_CS) women were analyzed using label-free proteomic and untargeted metabolomics assays on amniotic fluid and cord blood samples, respectively. We used weighted gene co-expression network analyses (WGCNA) to identify modules of highly correlated proteins or metabolites that associated with delivery modes and related clinical traits. KEGG enrichment analyses were performed to investigate the biological function of the identified modules. Integrative multiomics analysis was employed to examine the biological interplay between proteomic and metabolic interactions.ResultsCompared to the CS group, the proteomic and metabolomic profiles were similar between the Intra_CS and VD groups in our study. We did not identify any enriched protein or metabolite pathways related to immune development that could influence the risk of allergic diseases in offspring across different delivery modes. However, we identified seven protein modules correlated with the duration from the rupture of the membranes to full dilation of the cervix, with the actin cytoskeleton module significantly enriched. A metabolic module in cord blood that correlated with VD was enriched in subclasses including C21 steroids, steroid sulfates, and oxysterols. Integrative analysis of proteomic and metabolomic data suggested pathways related to mode of delivery and duration of labor, encompassing the actin cytoskeleton, NADP metabolic process, nicotinate, and nicotinamide metabolism in amniotic fluid, and the steroid hormone biosynthesis pathway in cord blood.ConclusionsDifferences in steroid hormones and the actin cytoskeleton pathway according to proteomics and metabolomics in amniotic fluid and cord blood were more indicative of the labor process. These findings could guide future studies on delivery-associated biochemical pathways.

Legal Problems of Labor and Employment of Minors

The employment of minors is an indicator of the state's social orientation to maintain and harmoniously involve young people in the labor process. However, much in this matter depends on the relevance and the possibility of applying legislative provisions in practice. The purpose of the study is to analyze the current state of legal regulation of labor and employment of minors and identify promising areas for the development of domestic labor legislation in this area. Materials and methods. In the study of the problems of labor and employment of minors, general scientific methods were used – analysis, synthesis, generalization and comparison. The use of the content analysis method made it possible to identify existing approaches to solving the problem of involving young people under 18 in the world of work. The methods of comparison and system analysis made it possible to place emphasis on the issue of further improvement of legislation on labor and employment of minors. The research uses particular scientific methods: comparative legal, formal legal, statistical ones. The analysis of legislative provisions on regulation of the labor law status of a minor employee and the practice of their implementation in the Russian economy is carried out. Results. The problem of labor and employment of adolescents aged 14 to 18 years has always been acute in Russia. There are several reasons: the financial costs of the employer, short term of the employment contract, special requirements for labor protection. A new impetus to solving the problem of youth employment was set in 2021–2022, when minors began to en masse register as self-employed. However, self-employed minors do not have the guarantees and the degree of protection that an employment contract provides them. It is noted that regulation of the labor law status of minors is primarily focused on ensuring an increased level of their social and legal protection in the field of hired labor. Attention is drawn to the shift in the emphasis of the Russian state's policy on the problem of underage employment from a classical solution of this issue to the interest in early career guidance and harmonious involvement of young people in the labor process. Implementation of this state task implies, among other things, the need to update the provisions of legislation on the labor and legal status of minors. Conclusions. Based on the analysis of legislative innovations introduced by Federal Law No. 259-FZ dated June 13, 2023 in the regulation of juvenile labor, a further direction for improving the labor law status of minors has been determined – softening the requirements for minors’ employment in terms of parental consent and medical examination while maintaining the level of their rights guarantee.

Stress, distress and anxiety in surgical specialists

The purpose of the study is the assessment of the level of anxiety among surgeons providing medical care in specialized COVID-19 hospitals, multidisciplinary hospitals, and polyclinics during the pandemic of the novel coronavirus infection COVID-19, as well as early diagnosis, prediction, and prevention of the development of anxiety associated with the level of occupational burnout in this category of medical specialists. Material and research methods. The study was carried out on the basis of the Department of Occupational Diseases and Clinical Pharmacology named after honored scientist of the Russian Federation professor V. V. Kosarev, FSBEI HE Samara State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, and the Department of Occupational Pathology, Regional Center for Occupational Pathology of the Samara City Hospital No. 5. The study was carried out within the framework of a complex theme «Systematic approach to early diagnosis, prevention, and prediction of the impact of low-intensity production factors on workers’ health» (state registration number AAAA-A18‑118122190069‑6, registration date — December 21, 2018) of the Department of Occupational Diseases and Clinical Pharmacology named after honored scientist of the Russian Federation professor V. V. Kosarev, FSBEI HE Samara State Medical University. The study was approved by the local ethics committee of the FSBEI HE Samara State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation on November 23, 2021. Patient consent. Each participant of the study gave informed voluntary written consent to participate in the study and publish personal medical information in an anonymized form. The study included the following groups of subjects: group 1 consisted of surgeons working in a COVID hospital (in the «red zone») (n=61); group 2 included doctors of surgical specialties working in a multidisciplinary hospital (n=58); group 3 consisted of surgical specialists working in a polyclinic (n=55); group 9 consisted of nurses working in the polyclinic (n=29); group 4 was the control group (n=190) comprising workers of engineering, technical, and economic specialties not related to medical organizations (healthy). The method for assessing the anxiety in medical workers during the pandemic of the novel coronavirus infection COVID-19 was the original test method «Application of the Integrative Anxiety Test», created in 2005 at the St. Petersburg Psychoneurological Research Institute named after V. M. Bekhterev by PhD Candidate in Psychology A. P. Bizyuk, PhD in Medicine, professor L. I. Vasserman, and PhD Candidate in Medicine B. V. Iovlev. The technique is reliable and adapted for the Russian-speaking population, which was the basis for its use in the study of anxiety in healthcare workers during the pandemic of the novel coronavirus infection COVID-19. The obtained data were processed using the Statistica package from StatSof t (USA). Results. The professional activities of surgical specialists providing medical care in the «red zone», multidisciplinary hospitals, and clinics are associated with the exposure of physicians to a number of risk factors in the working environment and the labor process, interrelated with the provision of regular or occasional care to COVID-19 patients, which, under conditions of exposure to increased levels of occupational stress, leads to an increase in the level of anxiety in these categories of medical workers. The increase in the level of anxiety among medical workers of medical institutions of various profiles during the pandemic of the novel coronavirus infection COVID-19 is due to the fact that medical workers faced many additional difficulties during this period: sleep deprivation, stress, strain, and fatigue. Fatigue can affect behavior, communication, learning, and decision-making, which generally leads to an increase in the level of anxiety of doctors and nursing staff. Limitations of the study. The study has regional (Samara Region) and professional (in terms of detailing working conditions in the studied comparison groups) limitations. Conclusion. Thus, the obtained data indicate that when identifying risk factors for an increase in the level of anxiety in medical workers providing care in situations of high epidemic risk, there is the need to use specialized rehabilitation measures with relaxation techniques, art therapy, as well as professional adaptation programs, physiotherapeutic techniques, such as electrosleep and reflexology, and, if possible, resort treatment in health care centers, local sanatoriums, etc. with visits to psychotherapy offices, as well as psychopharmacological medications.

Diasporic Capital: Canadian Sex Workers of Color Hacking Sexual Racism

The cultural economy of the contemporary Canadian sex industry, particularly the upscale sectors, requires workers to conform to white aesthetics and gestures in conscious attempts to generate desire among white consumers. This article, drawing on a qualitative study, posits Canadian sex workers of color as a critical point of inquiry to understand how they negotiate market expectations against the backdrop of popular representation of, for example, the “Jezebel,” “Sapphire,” the Dragon lady, and the Bollywood Queen. Sex workers of color in my sample are mostly immigrant women and Canadian women with full or partial ancestry in a foreign country. Drawing attention to research participants’ immaterial and intimate labor practices, which include emotional and aesthetic labor processes, I examine how these sex workers of color utilize diasporic capital to juxtapose dominant gender-, class-, and citizenship-based negative controlling images against sexual racism. Such labor practices involve negotiating their multiple, fluid, and overlapping identities as the workers unapologetically celebrate and revalorize their diasporic identities and cultures. Strategically mobilizing economic, social, cultural, and symbolic capital facilitates the transformation of their body capital to establish a minority niche within the contemporary sex markets.

Monopoly Power upon the World of Work: A Workplace Analysis in the Logistics Segment Under Automation

ABSTRACT This paper aims to investigate the impact of monopoly power on the world of work within the logistics segment, particularly in the context of automation processes. We conduct a fieldwork analysis of three workplaces situated in Italy, each owned by distinct types of monopolies: a corporate monopoly, Philip Morris, the global leader in tobacco and cigarette production; a state-owned monopoly, Poste Italiane, the exclusive public provider of mail services within the national borders; and a novel form of digital monopoly that holds control over intangibles and exhibits monopsonistic control over labour — Amazon. Through a comparative examination of these three diverse forms of monopolies, utilising corporate-level metrics and patent data, we scrutinise the restructuring of labour processes following the introduction of Automated Guided Vehicles. Employing a qualitative analysis that includes semi-structured interviews with HR professionals, IT specialists, and workers, we underscore that powerful monopolies play a crucial role in shaping the trajectory of technological development, adoption, and utilisation. Despite notable distinctions observed among the three cases, we document a common trend of standardisation and codification of human activities when interfacing with automated machines.

Bronchopulmonary pathology among egg poultry workers

Introduction. Poultry farming is one of the leading branches of agriculture, whose workers work under the influence of various factors that have a sensitizing, fibrogenic and toxic effect on the respiratory system. Materials and methods. As part of a cross-sectional study, the incidence of diseases of the respiratory system, medical and social factors of life, and the state of the respiratory system in one hundred thirty five egg poultry workers were studied. A hygienic assessment of the factors of the working environment and the labour process was carried out. The results of the study were statistically processed using the Statistica 10 software. Results. The air condition of the working area at the enterprise under study was established to meet sanitary and hygienic requirements. A high incidence of chronic bronchitis and a significant prevalence of respiratory dysfunction in egg poultry workers have been detected. With an increase in work experience, there is a decrease in the indices of external respiratory function and an increase in the level of allergic mood of the body of employees of the main occupationso. The use of smoking tobacco products is not a priority risk factor in the formation of diseases in workers of the main poultry farming occupations. Taking into account the results obtained it is planned to continue research on the study of working conditions that are risk factors for violations of the state of the respiratory system in egg poultry workers and the mechanism of their formation. Limitations. The study has regional (Saratov region) and occupational (poultry farm workers) limitations. Conclusion. The concentration of the dust in the air of the working area in workers in the main occupations of egg poultry does not exceed acceptable values. At the same time, a high incidence of chronic bronchitis was revealed, as well as a significant prevalence of respiratory dysfunction in workers, which is associated with an increase in occupational experience. The results of the assessment of the state of the respiratory system determine the expediency of studying modern working conditions in egg poultry workers and their influence on the formtation of bronchopulmonary pathology.