Model Of Working Process Research Articles

Analysis and numerical simulation of a novel gas–liquid multiphase scroll pump

This paper presents analysis of a novel multiphase scroll pump to transport gas–liquid two-phase mixtures, in which each compression chamber has a flank clearance which forms a pressure unloading gap connected to the discharge port. Therefore, this multiphase scroll pump has the function of unloading gas–liquid mixture pressure automatically during the compression process, so the frequently occurring problem of liquid slugging in displacement multiphase pumps is solved. Hence, safety and reliability are improved. In this paper the working process model of the presented multiphase scroll pump is discussed; and equations of fluid motion and geometry of scroll wrap profiles are given. Grid generation and numerical methods are discussed, and numerical simulation of the working process for a multiphase scroll pump is conducted using the commercial CFD software package Fluent, with results suggesting key parameter values for design of multiphase scroll pumps.

Place and Institutional Work

The places in which organizational life occurs can have profound impacts on actors, actions, and outcomes but are largely ignored in organizational research. Drawing on ideas from social geography, we explore the roles that places play in institutional work. The context for our study is the domain of housing for the hard-to-house, within which we conducted two qualitative case studies: the establishment of Canada’s first residential and day-care facility for people living with HIV/AIDS, and the creation of a municipal program to provide temporary overnight accommodation for homeless people in local churches. In examining these cases, we found that places played three key roles: places contained, mediated, and complicated institutional work. Each of these roles was associated with a distinct ontology of place: places as social enclosures, as signifiers, and as practical objects. Our findings have significant implications for how we understand the relationship between location and organizations and allow us to develop a process model of places, institutions, and institutional work.

CPS Modeling of CNC Machine Tool Work Processes Using an Instruction-Domain Based Approach

ABSTRACT Building cyber-physical system (CPS) models of machine tools is a key technology for intelligent manufacturing. The massive electronic data from a computer numerical control (CNC) system during the work processes of a CNC machine tool is the main source of the big data on which a CPS model is established. In this work-process model, a method based on instruction domain is applied to analyze the electronic big data, and a quantitative description of the numerical control (NC) processes is built according to the G code of the processes. Utilizing the instruction domain, a work-process CPS model is established on the basis of the accurate, real-time mapping of the manufacturing tasks, resources, and status of the CNC machine tool. Using such models, case studies are conducted on intelligent-machining applications, such as the optimization of NC processing parameters and the health assurance of CNC machine tools.

An analytical model of claw rotor profiles and working process model with the mixing process for claw vacuum pumps

Claw rotor profiles play an important role on performances of claw vacuum pumps. In this paper, an analytical model of claw rotor profiles, including profile equations, design methods, geometric theories and profile meshing relationships is established; and a working process model with the particular gas mixing process for claw vacuum pumps is also built in order to reveal characteristics of the mixing process. The mixing process, which includes phenomena of gas over compression, gas expansion and mixing, new chamber generation, chamber separation and merge, is investigated in detail. Numerical simulations of working process consisting of the suction, mixing, compression and discharge process are carried out to exhibit flow fields and analyze the thermodynamic process for claw vacuum pumps. The presented flow domain distributions give a good understanding about their physical process. The study results are beneficial to performance evaluations of different types of profiles and designs of novel claw rotor profiles with high performances.

(Opportunities to Apply the Process Model of Work in Public Employment Services)

(Opportunities to Apply the Process Model of Work in Public Employment Services)

A Quasi-Dimensional Model of Diesel Engine Working Process in Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation System

In order to simplify the model of diesel engine working process in Hardware-In-the-Loop simulation system and improve its real time operating performance, a quasi-dimensional model of diesel engine working process based on a new phase divided spray mixing model was formulated and developed. The software MATLAB/Simulink was utilized to simulate the diesel engine working process. The good agreement between experimental results and calculated results indicates that the quasi-dimensional model of diesel engine working process is reliable for predicting power, fuel consumption and emissions of diesel engine. It is concluded that the quasi-dimensional model of diesel engine working process was greatly simplified and the real time operating performance of simulation system was obviously improved by using this phase divided spray mixing model.

Research on the Cooling Fan Speed Control Scheme of the Large Power Vehicular Diesel Engine in Altitude Environment

The cooling water of the large power vehicular diesel engine often got high or low and engine could not work in the adaptive thermal conditions in altitude environment. In order to solve the problem, analyzed the refrigeration requirement of the diesel engine on plateau section, suggested the amelioration program from installing the fluid operated pump-mot fan speed regulating device. Base on the coupling simulation model of the diesel engine working process and coolant system, took the 90°C water temperature of the diesel engine as the optimally target value, analyzed the change canon of cooling fan speed form the ambient conditions and the diesel engine work condition, established the cooling fan rotary speed control MAP on plateau section, and regulated the cooling fan speed by the methods of open loop preset controlling and closed loop feedback controlling. That would provide the improved method for the large power vehicular diesel engine working well on plateau section.

Modeling the Process of Animation Production

In this study, a work process model for animation production is developed. Interviews with animation studio workers and surveys of their working diaries and shot progress charts are conducted to create a framework for the work processes. The work hours necessary for each operation of the work project are expressed using a gamma function. Workers are classified into two categories, managers and animators, and their behavioral rules are modeled. To establish a rule for the determination of the operation sequence order for an animator to perform multiple work operations, four typical dispatching rules, often used in a scheduling theory, are selected, and the one that is closest to actual data is regarded as the rule that the animator actually follows. As a result of the analysis, it is found that the Earliest Due Date (EDD) and SLACK are closest to actual animators’ behavioral rules. Managers are also found to move the sub-deadline (a deadline of each operation) up about 30% earlier than the actual deadline. The knowledge we obtain is that, in order to realize better working conditions, animators should determine their operation sequence order by using SLACK, and managers should designate subdeadlines by keeping a balance between the prevention of deadline violation and the reduction of overtime work.

Developing a planned work process model for housing associations

PurposeImproving process management within construction projects has been the source of academic and policy research for decades, and continues to be today. This paper seeks to focuses on the relatively under investigated management of Housing Association (HA) planned works and aims to improve this often ill‐defined process by developing a Planned Work Process Model (PWPM) that aids the definition of the phases and activities.Design/methodology/approachFirst step in developing the process model was through semi‐structured interviews with 11 HA practitioners allowing for the identification of 20 planned works activities. Second step considered the responses of 7 HA practitioners to a set of questions about the 20 activities leading to the development of an initial Process Model (PM). Third step contextualises the PM within four case studies with HAs of different sizes from which the PWPM emerged. Finally, the PWPM was validated by a panel of HA practitioners.FindingsThe PWPM is a process model specific to the practices of HAs in the UK. It represents the first step for process management improvement for planned works by providing a structure to facilitate project planning and performance monitoring.Research limitations/implicationsA panel of HA practitioners recognised the uniqueness and value of the PWPM especially in the context of new staff induction and progress monitoring. Further refinement of the PWPM would be possible through a large survey to help improve its practical applicability and refining the activities description and vocabulary.Originality/valueThis research will be of interest to those responsible for planning and delivering HA planned works since it presents a tailored interpretation of the project process that currently does not exist.

시공단계의 BIM기반 건설사업관리 업무절차 모델 개발

BIM과 건설사업관리(Construction Management; 이하 CM)는 건설정보를 통합 관리하고 신뢰성 있는 의사결정을 지원하는 수단이라는 점에서 그 성격이 유사하기 때문에 BIM은 CM에 효율적으로 활용할 수 있으나, CM 분야에서 BIM 도입은 미흡한 실정이다. 이 연구의 목적은 시공단계의 CM 업무에 BIM을 효과적으로 활용할 수 있도록 업무절차 모델 및 가이드를 제시하는 것이다. 문헌조사를 통해 BIM 기능을 BIM 전환설계, 모델 검토, 데이터 추출, 자동 견적, 4D 시뮬레이션, 도면 생성, 엔지니어링 분야 연계분석 등으로 정의하고, CM 업무와 프로세스를 분석하여 BIM의 적용이 가능한 CM 업무를 도출하였다. BIM 기능과 CM 업무 간 연관성 분석을 통해 기존의 업무절차를 BIM 기능과 연계하여 재구성하고, 사업 참여자별 역할을 재정립하여 BIM기반 CM 업무절차 모델을 개발하였다. 개발된 모델의 효용성을 향상시키고자 면담조사와 사례조사를 통해 사업 참여자들의 BIM 업무를 기술한 가이드를 작성하였다. 또한 BIM기반 CM 업무절차 모델의 활용성을 검증하기 위한 선행연구의 BIM 프로세스와 비교 분석하고 전문가를 대상으로 설문조사를 수행하였다. 이 연구는 CM 분야에서 BIM의 활용성을 높이는데 기여할 수 있다. 향후에는 사례적용을 통해 실무적 관점에서 모델을 평가할 필요가 있으며, BIM 도입으로 인한 CM 업무의 확대를 고려하여 지속적으로 BIM기반 CM 업무절차 모델을 업데이트할 필요가 있다. BIM can be utilized variously in construction management(CM) in the respect that it helps to manage comprehensively the construction information and make reliable decisions, but the adoption of BIM is insufficient in the CM area. The purpose of this study is to develop work process models and their guides in order to utilize BIM effectively in CM work at construction stage. This study defined BIM functions as 'BIM converting design', 'Model review', 'Data extraction', 'Automatic estimate', '4D simulation', 'Drawing creation', 'Engineering sector linkage analysis' through literature search, and generated CM works applicable to BIM by analyzing the CM work and process. This study developed BIM-based CM work process models by reconstructing the existing work process in connection with BIM function through an analysis on the relationship between BIM function and CM work, and reconstructing the role of each project participants. In order to improve the usefulness of the developed models, guides that described the BIM works of project participants were prepared through interviews and case studies. To validate the utilization of the models, a comparative analysis on the BIM process of precedent studies was also made and a survey was conducted on experts. This study can contribute to increasing the utilization of BIM in the CM area and can be helpful for CM companies to develop an in-house BIM guide. In the future, it will be necessary to make an assessment on the models from a business perspective through case applications and constantly update BIM-based CM work process model in consideration of the expansion of CM work due to the application of BIM.

Numerical Study on the Quasi-Dimensional Model of Diesel Engine for Performance Optimization

In this paper, a phase-divided spray mixing model is proposed and the quasi-dimensional model of diesel engine working process is developed. The software MATLAB/Simulink is utilized to build the quasi-dimensional model of diesel engine working process, and the performance for diesel engine is simulated. The simulation results agree with experimental data quite well which indicates that the simplified quasi-dimensional model has high precision for predicting diesel engine performance. By utilization of this simulation model, the average computational time for one diesel engine working process is 36 s, which presents good real time operating performance of the model. On the basis of the principle of orthogonal test design, the performance of diesel engine was optimized by use of the quasi-dimensional model.

Calculation and Optimization Design of LJ276M Gasoline Engine Intake System

Based on parameters and design requirements of the original LJ276M gasoline engine, using Helmholtz theory to calculate resonance frequency, intake manifold length and diameter and other structural parameters, rapid design a new resonance intake system. And then apply simulation software GT-Power to build working process model of the LJ276M Electronically Controlled Gasoline engine, and determine the final structural parameters of the intake system through the use of rapid prototyping and test verification methods. Compared with the original machine, the dynamic performance is improved significantly by the use of optimum design of the intake system.

A framework for work process modeling in the chemical industries

Abstract During the life cycle of a chemical product and its associated production process, diverse types of work processes are performed, such as design and operational processes. In this contribution, a framework for the modeling of work processes in the chemical industries is presented which comprises an iterative modeling procedure, an extensible modeling language for work processes, and software tools for its practical application. The framework supports the iterative creation of work process models for diverse applications such as work process simulation or enactment and the subsequent export of the models in suitable application tools. Ease of use has been a key design criterion for the framework. Internally, the framework builds on semantic technologies to provide substantial support for model checking and model transformations.

Simulation of quasi-dimensional combustion model for predicting diesel engine performance

In order to improve the precision of quasi-dimensional combustion model for predicting diesel engine performance and promote the real time operating performance of the simulation model, a new phase-divided spray mixing model is proposed and the quasi-dimensional combustion model of diesel engine working process is developed. The software MATLAB/Simulink is utilized to build the quasi-dimensional combustion model of diesel engine working process, and the performance for diesel engine is simulated. The simulation results agree with experimental data quite well. The comparisons between them show that the relative error of power and brake specific fuel consumption is less than 2.8% and the relative error of nitric oxide and soot emissions is less than 9.1%. By utilization of this simulation model with personal computer, the average computational time for one diesel engine working process is 36 s, which presents good real time operating performance of the model. At the same time, the influence of parameters in calculation of air entrainment on prediction precision of diesel engine’s simulation model is analyzed.

친환경 리모델링 철거공사의 경제성 평가 및 사례적용

건설폐기물의 발생량 증가와 처리방법에 대한 문제점, 그리고 폐기물 처리와 관련한 환경문제들이 사회적 이슈로 논의되면서, 건설폐기물의 처리와 그에 따르는 부차적인 문제점들이 중요한 과제로 대두되고 있다. 건설산업에서 폐기물이 가장 많이 발생하는 단계가 철거공사 단계이다. 선진국의 경우 건설 폐기물의 친환경적인 처리, 재활용률 제고, 재활용 자재의 활용 등 친환경적인 측면의 다양한 연구가 수행되고 있지만 국내의 리모델링 공사의 경우 효율성 위주의 생산성을 강조한 선철거후분리 방식의 철거공사가 실시되고 있다. 이로 인하여, 환경적인 문제뿐만 아니라 폐기물 처리비용 증가 등의 경제적인 문제점이 나타나고 있다. 이러한 문제점들을 해결하기 위해 선행연구인 친환경 리모델링 철거공사프로세스 모델 연구에서 리모델링 공사시 선행되는 철거공사 수행에 있어 친환경 철거관리의 프로세스를 제시하여 분리철거를 통해 철거 폐기물의 재활용률을 높여 친환경 철거공사가 이루어질 수 있도록 하는 연구가 진행되었다. 본 논문은 선행연구에서 제시된 친환경 리모델링 철거공사 프로세스를 바탕으로 실제 건물에 적용하여 친환경 리모델링 프로세스의 경제성에 대하여 평가해 보았다. 또한 도출된 경제성의 평가기법을 실제 사례에 적용한 결과, 친환경 리모델링 철거공사가 재래식 방식에 비하여 경제성이 우수한 것으로 밝혀졌다. When increasing quantity of construction wastes, how to deal with construction wastes and environmental problems relating to disposal of construction wastes are discussed as social issues, treatment of construction waste and subsidiary issues are raised as important problems. The demolition work produce construction wastes most in construction industry. Various researches on eco-friendly treatment of construction wastes, recycling rates and recycled materials were conducted aspect of sustainability in developed countries, however, domestic remodeling projects were performed demolition work with first-demolition and second-classification method which emphasize productivity focused on efficiency. It caused not only environmental problems, but also economical problems such as increasing disposal cost of construction wastes. Solving these problems, the previous study, suggested the process model of eco-friendly demolition work to recycle materials. This paper applied eco-friendly remodeling process to practical projects and economic feasibility on eco-friendly remodeling process. Moreover these results expect to contribute the revitalization of eco-friendly demolition work in remodeling projects.

Work Process Modeling for Interruptions in Nursing Workflow

Work Process Modeling for Interruptions in Nursing Workflow

Diagnostic Reasoning in the Use of Travel Management System

We explore the appropriation of a self-management administrative system from the perspective of diagnostic reasoning. The case study, based on documents, ethnography and videotapes, concerns the appropriation of a travel management system in a major university in Finland. To explore this process from a user-centric view, we focus on the diagnostic work required in the appropriation of the new system, analyzing both the generic diagnostic reasoning of how the users navigate in the system and their individual and collaborative problem-solving strategies. This approach reveals the interaction between the users and the technology, which incorporates inbuilt models of users, administrative work and work processes. Our analysis concerns interactive instances which resulted from misdiagnosis of the functions of the system. For example, the orchestration and labeling of items in the application pose diagnostic challenges to end-users and may eventually be resolved in collaboration with administrative personnel. The individual and collaborative diagnostic reasoning sheds light on the hidden organizational embeddedness of self-management solutions, providing suggestions for developing the design and deployment of administrative self-management systems. The appropriated self-management system should finally be based on the end-user's diagnostic reasoning so that the employees can base their actions on their taken-for-granted competence and the skills gained during the appropriation of the system.

A human task-oriented simulation study in autonomous production cells

Simulation on human tasks has become increasingly important in manufacturing systems’ design, assessment and improvement. In order to evaluate working processes and human factors in autonomous production cells (APCs), a collective analyzis of human-centred simulation approaches in advanced manufacturing systems is carried out, and a human task-oriented simulation methodology is proposed in this paper. Based on the methodology, a comparative simulation study is carried out in a 3D laser welding production cell from the aspects of human task spectrum, human error and occupational requirements. Human task network models of both conventional working process and APC working process are constructed using timed coloured Petri Nets. The evaluation criteria architecture for the simulation is formulated and the respective algorithms and parameters for the criteria are discussed in detail. A simulation program using C++ is developed based on Poses++ Petri Net simulator. The simulation results show some important transitions of system performance and human factors from the conventional production cell to the APC, which can support the decision-making when redesigning the conventional production cells to fit the requirements of APCs.

Decision process support for participatory democracy

AbstractThis paper presents a project and case study integrating decision methods into democratic processes. The case discussed is a set of three complicated decisions in a municipality in Sweden. The decisions had been postponed on several occasions prior to bringing in the method described in the paper. The method employed consists of two main parts. The interaction part contains the communication channels directed to the stakeholders. The decision‐process part consists of a three‐layered working process model. As a part of the method, the project was highly visible on the web. Citizens were encouraged to submit material to the project. All intermediate results of the process were continuously published, enhancing transparency. For each decision, the analysis consisted of comparing all alternatives, taking the respective criteria into account as weighted or ranked by the participants. A method for recording compromises analytically was also used. The purpose was not to replace the political process but to support it in a structured way. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

A modelling and experimental study of transient NOx emissions in turbocharged direct injection diesel engines

A working process model for turbocharged direct injection (DI) diesel engines was developed by intensively analysing the in-cylinder spray and combustion process. The model can be used to predict the comprehensive performance and NOx emission of turbocharged DI diesel engines under transient conditions. A transient test-bed was constructed, which was composed of a six- cylinder turbocharged DI diesel engine, a console, a measuring and control PC (personal computer) system for data collecting and exhaust gas sampling control in transient conditions and an exhaust gas sampling and measuring system. Tests of three types of transient operating conditions were carried out. These tests and model simulations show that the NOx emission laws are different during transient conditions and in some acceleration and load acceptance conditions NOx emissions are better than the corresponding steady state conditions.