Interruption Of Process Research Articles

Factors related to interrupted inpatient stroke rehabilitation due to acute care transfer or death.

To identify factors that are independently related to interrupted stroke rehabilitation due to acute care transfer or death. Medical records of stroke inpatients admitted from 2012 to 2017 were reviewed. Stroke inpatients with interrupted stroke rehabilitation due to acute care transfer or death were enrolled into the case group. Those without interruption admitted in the same month were randomly selected into the control group (case to control ratio of 1 : 5). Ten clinical factors were studied. Among stroke inpatients, 3.2% were transferred to acute care facilities and 0.2% died. The most common causes of acute care transfer were respiratory tract infection, intracranial hemorrhage, recurrent ischemic stroke, ischemic heart disease, and seizure. Three factors were found to be significantly associated with interrupted stroke rehabilitation, i.e. presence of feeding tube, presence of anemia and age. Our results also revealed significant association between presence of feeding tube and respiratory tract infection (p = 0.005). Feeding tube, anemia and old age were identified as independent predictors of interrupted stroke rehabilitation due to acute care transfer or death. Interventions to reduce severe complications should be implemented in order to prevent interruption of rehabilitation process and to reduce the patient transfer rate.

Dual Host-Intracellular Parasite Transcriptome of Enucleated Cells Hosting Leishmania amazonensis: Control of Half-Life of Host Cell Transcripts by the Parasite.

Enucleated cells or cytoplasts (cells whose nucleus is removed in vitro) represent an unexplored biological model for intracellular infection studies due to the abrupt interruption of nuclear processing and new RNA synthesis by the host cell in response to pathogen entry. Using enucleated fibroblasts hosting the protozoan parasite Leishmania amazonensis, we demonstrate that parasite multiplication and biogenesis of large parasitophorous vacuoles in which parasites multiply are independent of the host cell nucleus. Dual RNA sequencing of both host cytoplast and intracellular parasite transcripts identified host transcripts that are more preserved or degraded upon interaction with parasites and also parasite genes that are differentially expressed when hosted by nucleated or enucleated cells. Cytoplasts are suitable host cells, which persist in culture for more than 72 h and display functional enrichment of transcripts related to mitochondrial functions and mRNA translation. Crosstalk between nucleated host de novo gene expression in response to intracellular parasitism and the parasite gene expression to counteract or benefit from these host responses induces a parasite transcriptional profile favoring parasite multiplication and aerobic respiration, and a host-parasite transcriptional landscape enriched in host cell metabolic functions related to NAD, fatty acid, and glycolytic metabolism. Conversely, interruption of host nucleus-parasite cross talk by infection of enucleated cells generates a host-parasite transcriptional landscape in which cytoplast transcripts are enriched in phagolysosome-related pathway, prosurvival, and SerpinB-mediated immunomodulation. In addition, predictive in silico analyses indicated that parasite transcript products secreted within cytoplasts interact with host transcript products conserving the host V-ATPase proton translocation function and glutamine/proline metabolism. The collective evidence indicates parasite-mediated control of host cell transcripts half-life that is beneficial to parasite intracellular multiplication and escape from host immune responses. These findings will contribute to improved drug targeting and serve as database for L. amazonensis-host cell interactions.

Fortalezas y debilidades de la pedagogía en el ciberespacio en época de cuarentena COVID-19

La emergencia sanitaria surgida por el COVID-19 ha alterado por completo la vida de los habitantes del mundo, siendo el sistema educativo uno de los más golpeados por esta pandemia. De este modo, el Ministerio de Educación ecuatoriano ha replanteado el modelo pedagógico constructivista que se empleaba regularmente en los niveles inicial, básica y bachillerato, adoptando como alternativa un enfoque colectivista que usa recursos tecnológicos cuyo escenario es el ciberespacio con la finalidad de continuar con el proceso educativo. Esta metodología ha presentado fortalezas y debilidades para todos los actores del quehacer educativo mismos que serán analizados en el presente escrito. Uno de los beneficios más grandes está la ininterrupción del proceso educativo, pues una de las características de la enseñanza virtual es la inexistencia del tiempo y espacio ya que es asincrónica. No obstante, en el camino se han presentado obstáculos que no han permitido el normal desenvolvimiento y el fácil acceso a recursos que favorezcan la adquisición de un aprendizaje significativo. Dentro de estos limitantes se encuentran: la falta de capacitación en el manejo de TIC, la ausencia de conectividad por diversos factores, entre otros.

System Dialog Message and Its Effect on Task Switching by Age

ABSTRACT System dialog messages are often troublesome for mobile users. In this study, behavioral experiments were conducted on 18 younger (age; 24.7 ± 1.7) and 18 older (63.8 ± 2.0) age groups using mobile devices. In the experiment, system dialog messages were popped up on a smartphone as an interruption in the task switching process, and which attributes of the dialog messages (the amount of jargon and length of the message) significantly affected the performance of the whole task switching process was observed. The results showed that the younger participants did not show significant differences in their task switching performance according to the attributes of the dialog message. However, the older participants showed increased task performance time for the interruption task with extensive jargon. Furthermore, the older participants also revealed difficulty transferring information as they resumed the primary task just after processing the interrupting dialog messages, suggested by correlations between temporal and subjective workload responses. Based on the analysis results, we proposed some guidelines to design system dialog messages for older mobile device users.

Function Modeling: A Modeling Behavior Analysis of Pause Patterns

AbstractThis paper presents a behavior-based protocol study conducted with mechanical engineering students, where the participants developed function–structure models for a novel design problem. A modeling activity video was recorded for each participant and coded using a protocol analysis that captured the modeling sequence, actions, and elements. Pauses in the modeling process were analyzed to identify patterns based on pause time and frequency, the distribution of pauses over the modeling activity, and events preceding and following the pauses. In this study, a pause is characterized as an interruption in the modeling process lasting at least 2 s. Participants were found to spend an average of 38% of the modeling time in pauses, with more of it being allotted to the middle of the modeling activity and less toward the start and end. Three pause types are defined (short, intermediate, and long pauses) based on an analysis of pause lengths, which are then used to analyze events before and after pauses. Participants added elements to the model more frequently, compared to editing and deleting elements. Longer pauses were observed before participants before elements are removed from the model, whereas editing was done more frequently after shorter pauses. Several modeling element pairs are identified that are infrequently separated by pauses, such as the “edge” and “edge text” pair, suggesting that the designer thinks about these as paired elements rather than distinct elements. Limitations of the research methods are discussed, and finally, new research questions are identified as continuing work for this research.

Hospital Dentistry and Dental Care for Patients with Special Needs: Dental approach during COVID-19 Pandemic.

Introduction: The COVID19 pandemic brought a new panorama for the realization of dental treatment for the general population due to the risk of cross infection in the dental office - aerosol formation and insertion of new personal protective equipment. Emergency and emergency dental criteria were defined to limit the flow of patients in the office in order to improve biosafety conditions among patients. Objective: to describe the dental procedures pertinent to outpatient special care or during hospitalization in the VOCID19 pandemic - changes in care and implement biosecurity criteria. Basic procedures: The dental care of the special patient suffers changes - mainly referring to the difficulty of access to the offices - interruption of the conditioning process and difficulty to perform outpatient sedation and sedation with nitrous oxide. Dental care during hospitalization is essential in this patient due to prolonged time of tracheal oro intubation - traumatic oral lesions - preparation of specific oral care protocols - removal of mouth infectious and installation of mouth protectors. Conclusion: Change of care - inclusion of individual protection equipment and new knowledge about the COVID19 allows us to safely assist the patient with special needs both in the dental office and in hospital environment - providing quality of life - oral comfort and reducing oral infections during and after the pandemic. KEYWORDSDental care; Hospitals - Special; Needs assessment; Dental service - Hospital; Intensive care units; Pandemics.

Deposition of Boron-Doped Thin CVD Diamond Films from Methane-Triethyl Borate-Hydrogen Gas Mixture

Boron-doped diamond is a promising semiconductor material that can be used as a sensor and in power electronics. Currently, researchers have obtained thin boron-doped diamond layers due to low film growth rates (2–10 μm/h), with polycrystalline diamond growth on the front and edge planes of thicker crystals, inhomogeneous properties in the growing crystal’s volume, and the presence of different structural defects. One way to reduce structural imperfection is the specification of optimal synthesis conditions, as well as surface etching, to remove diamond polycrystals. Etching can be carried out using various gas compositions, but this operation is conducted with the interruption of the diamond deposition process; therefore, inhomogeneity in the diamond structure appears. The solution to this problem is etching in the process of diamond deposition. To realize this in the present work, we used triethyl borate as a boron-containing substance in the process of boron-doped diamond chemical vapor deposition. Due to the oxygen atoms in the triethyl borate molecule, it became possible to carry out an experiment on simultaneous boron-doped diamond deposition and growing surface etching without the requirement of process interruption for other operations. As a result of the experiments, we obtain highly boron-doped monocrystalline diamond layers with a thickness of about 8 μm and a boron content of 2.9%. Defects in the form of diamond polycrystals were not detected on the surface and around the periphery of the plate.

The functional development of a premature baby – case study

Abstract Introduction. The intensive development of modern methods of treatment in neonatology has significantly reduced the survival threshold of prematurely born children. Early interruption of the maturation process of all systems in utero is associated with the risk of irregularities in the functional development of premature babies. Prematurely born children are exposed in the following years of life to many problems related to motor, cognitive, social and communication development, which is why there is a growing demand for more accurate tracking and research into their development. The impact of screen devices on the development of infants and young children is a growing social problem. Currently, thanks to the development of new digital technologies, small children and even infants are growing up in a screen environment. Aim. The aim of the study was to assess the functional development of a 28 months old child born in 29 weeks of gestation, taking into consideration the multifaceted involvement and effort of parents.

The Impact of Single- and Double-Strand DNA Breaks in Human Spermatozoa on Assisted Reproduction.

Several cellular insults can result in sperm DNA fragmentation either on one or both DNA strands. Oxidative damage, premature interruption of the apoptotic process and defects in DNA compaction during spermatogenesis are the main mechanisms that cause DNA breaks in sperm. The two-tailed Comet assay is the only technique that can differentiate single- (SSBs) from double- (DSBs) strand DNA breaks. Increased levels of the phosphorylated isoform of the H2AX histone are directly correlated with DSBs and proposed as a molecular biomarker of DSBs. We have carried out a narrative review on the etiologies associated with SSBs and DSBs in sperm DNA, their association with reproductive outcomes and the mechanisms involved in their repair. Evidence suggests a stronger negative impact of DSBs on reproductive outcomes (fertilization, implantation, miscarriage, pregnancy, and live birth rates) than SSBs, which can be partially overcome by using intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). In sperm, SSBs are irreversible, whereas DSBs can be repaired by homologous recombination, non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) and alternative NHEJ pathways. Although few studies have been published, further research is warranted to provide a better understanding of the differential effects of sperm SSBs and DSBs on reproductive outcomes as well as the prognostic relevance of DNA breaks discrimination in clinical practice.

Evaluation of a Cyber-Physical Computing System with Migration of Virtual Machines during Continuous Computing

The Markov model of reliability of a failover cluster performing calculations in a cyber-physical system is considered. The continuity of the cluster computing process in the event of a failure of the physical resources of the servers is provided on the basis of virtualization technology and is associated with the migration of virtual machines. The difference in the proposed model is that it considers the restrictions on the allowable time of interruption of the computational process during cluster recovery. This limitation is due to the fact that, if two physical servers fail, then object management is lost, which is unacceptable. Failure occurs if their recovery time is longer than the maximum allowable time of interruption of the computing process. The modes of operation of the cluster with and without system recovery in the event of a failure of part of the system resources that do not lead to loss of continuity of the computing process are considered. The results of the article are aimed at the possibility of assessing the probability of cluster operability while supporting the continuity of computations and its running to failure, leading to the interruption of the computational (control) process beyond the maximum permissible time. As a result of the calculation example for the presented models, it was shown that the mean time to failure during recovery under conditions of supporting the continuity of the computing process increases by more than two orders of magnitude.

Nucleosides Rescue Replication-Mediated Genome Instability of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells.

SummaryHuman pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) are subject to the appearance of recurrent genetic variants on prolonged culture. We have now found that, compared with isogenic differentiated cells, PSCs exhibit evidence of considerably more DNA damage during the S phase of the cell cycle, apparently as a consequence of DNA replication stress marked by slower progression of DNA replication, activation of latent origins of replication, and collapse of replication forks. As in many cancers, which, like PSCs, exhibit a shortened G1 phase and DNA replication stress, the resulting DNA damage may underlie the higher incidence of abnormal and abortive mitoses in PSCs, resulting in chromosomal non-dysjunction or cell death. However, we have found that the extent of DNA replication stress, DNA damage, and consequent aberrant mitoses can be substantially reduced by culturing PSCs in the presence of exogenous nucleosides, resulting in improved survival, clonogenicity, and population growth.

Cold-to-warm machine perfusion of the liver: a novel circuit for an uninterrupted combined perfusion protocol

BackgroundEx-vivo perfusion of liver grafts is associated with promising results for the preservation of marginal grafts. Recent studies highlight the need for a combination of perfusion conditions, such as hypothermic followed by normothermic perfusion. While comprehensive machines dedicated to liver perfusion have been developed, these systems remain costly and poorly adaptable to perfusion condition switch, which requires a complete interruption of the perfusion process. Our team aimed at developing an adaptable and simple circuit for uninterrupted ex-vivo liver perfusion. MethodsTogether with specialized bioengineers, we developed a highly adaptable circuit that can fit on already pre-existing extracorporeal oxygenation machines routinely used in cardiovascular surgery. This circuit, owing to its reservoir, allows any type of perfusion conditions without interrupting the perfusion process. ResultsIn a preliminary study, to assess the technical feasibility of liver perfusion using our circuit under different conditions, we performed 7 perfusions of discarded liver grafts. HOPE and DHOPE hypothermic perfusion could be performed, and a switch to normothermia was easily possible within seconds. From there, a dynamic perfusion sequence model was developed. ConclusionThis circuit may represent a simpler alternative or a new refinement to existing perfusion systems allowing uninterrupted combined perfusion protocols.

Predicting material properties for embedded structures created with polymer material extrusion additive manufacturing

Embedding with additive manufacturing (AM) is a process of incorporating functional components, such as sensors and actuators, in the printed structure by inserting them into a specially designed cavity. The print process has to be interrupted after the cavity is printed to insert the component. This allows for multifunctional structures to be created directly from the build plate. However, previous research has shown that this process interruption causes failure at the paused layer due to the cooling between the layers. The presence of the designed cavity further impacts the strength of the part due to a reduction in the effective cross-section in contact between the paused and the resumed layers. This research presents a methodology to predict the weld strength between the layers of an embedded material extrusion structure by obtaining the thermal history at the layer interface as a result of process interruption. An infrared camera and an embedded thermocouple are used to obtain the thermal history of the depositing fresh layer and of the layer interface, respectively. The impact of toolpath design on the thermal history of the layer interface is considered by dividing the cross-section area into zones with similar thermal history. Polymer weld theory is utilized to predict the strength at these different zones, where material properties are obtained through rheology measurements. These strength values for the zones are then used to predict the load at failure for different specimens by treating them as composites. Findings confirm that this approach can be used to more accurately predict tensile loads at failure for embedded structures, with errors ranging from 1% to 20 % depending on the toolpath geometry.

An integrated GIS approach to analyze the impact of land use change and land cover alteration on ground water potential level: A study in Kangsabati Basin, India

Land use/land cover change continuously occurs at locally, regionally and globally over the last few decades for excessive demand of mankind. This change creates adverse effects on groundwater potential level (GWPL) due to interruption of recharge process; hence, this study has attempt to assess the impact of land use change and land cover alteration (LUCLCA) on GWPL, furthermore to find out such effective land alteration processes in Kangsabati basin, India. Hydrological parameters were taken for delineation of groundwater potential zones (GWPZs) using Saaty's Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) whereas Pearson correlation matrix (PCM) was used to determine the effective LUCLCA processes on GWPL change. Results revealed that high GWPZ decreases from 1828 km2 to 1333 km2, but low GWPZ increases from 117 km2 to 622 km2 during 2002 and 2016. In order of GWPL change, PCM demonstrated that negative land alteration processes (NLAP) are present in laterite outcrop, fallow land, settlement, and cropland, whereas positive alteration processes (PLAP) are present in dense forest, degraded forest, and wetland. With this validation, twenty-five sites were selected, nine sites have negative GWPL change for NLAP; four sites have positive GWPL change for PLAP, but GWPL change does not found in five sites for the same and low land alteration. In rest sites, model validation does not agree with GWPL change, however, other hydrological parameters are more dominated in this change. Therefore, LUCLCA does not only control the GWPL, but other thematic parameters are signified the potential level. Moreover, this study also helps the planner to predict sustainable land use management for groundwater conservation.

A system of automated control for the baking process that minimizes the probability of defects

We have designed and investigated a system of automated control for a carbon baking furnace that makes it possible to minimize the probability of defects. Based on the artificial neural networks, it differs from actual systems by the possibility to select the technique to control the process of baking in accordance with the starting conditions and the purpose of the process. Such purposes in the process for baking carbon articles include the obtaining of products with a minimum number of defective structures or a safe reduction in the length of the technological process to save energy. To minimize the number of defective structures in finished products, it is proposed to predict the probability of a defect in a product and, to reduce the duration of the technological process, to apply entropy as an indicator of product readiness. Solving the set tasks is based on the use of artificial neural networks with their capability to generalize data, namely different values of the probability of a defect in the various temperature fields in a baking furnace under operational modes. The issue of the limited amount of data required to train an artificial neural network is resolved by applying a special structure of artificial neural networks, an autoencoder. The designed control system has several advantages over the systems already in use. For example, it makes it possible to select a step of the descent that determines the accuracy of the optimal descent trajectory and, therefore, the accuracy of control in general. Selecting a descent criterion makes the designed system flexible when used under different conditions and for different control tasks. In case of an emergency interruption of the technological process of baking, a given system makes it possible to plan its further progress at any time, thereby providing for an effective continuation of the baking process and thus avoiding unjustified expenditures. The control algorithm used in the system makes it possible to predict the duration of baking and the value of fuel consumption and thus predict the economic efficiency of the technological process. To assess the efficiency of the proposed system of automated control over the baking process, we have performed an experimental study of the designed system operation compared to the actual control system based on a PID-controller. The study results have demonstrated that the use of the new control system makes it possible to reduce fuel consumption by 3‒4 m 3 /h. In addition, there is a decrease in the growth of the temperature of blanks during treatment, which positively affects the quality of the finished products

Short Term Maintenance Tasks Scheduling with Pinch Methodology

Careful assets maintenance planning is crucial in ensuring minimal process interruptions in a chemical plant while fulfilling production demand. This paper aims to propose a systematic framework with easily comprehensible tools for effective and efficient maintenance optimisation. The first step is to identify the optimal maintenance time for the equipment depending on their failure time distributions, minimising the expected maintenance cost. A maintenance tasks clustering model is then formulated for grouping individual preventive maintenance actions, to save the production downtime and cost. The solutions from long-term planning are transferred to the short-term planning model for detailed manpower scheduling. In this work, Pinch Analysis is selected as the targeting tool to maximise the available manpower utilisation and target the extra working hours needed. The daily maintenance tasks are formulated as the ‘Demand/Sink’, while the workers’ shifts are the ‘Supply/Source’. This method not only provides excellent visualisation of the problem/results, it also enables tuneable workers’ daily schedules, tasks delay and the required earliest finished date of a task. A case study of a chemical plant, namely the Tennessee Eastman problem is used to elucidate the proposed approach. The results show that extra 22 h are needed for 8 h shift (5 d/week) for a single worker, but extra 13 h for 12 h shift (4 d/week).

A Simple Torque Estimator for In-Service Efficiency Determination of Inverter-Fed Induction Motors

This article deals with air-gap torque estimation in inverter-fed induction motors. Torque estimation is an important stage in the methods used to evaluate energy consumption and efficiency. Those methods are essential to monitoring electric motors and processes in mining and metal industries. As some of the drives have voltage and current sensors already installed in them for condition monitoring, it is very attractive to use measurement data available to perform torque and efficiency estimation. It is highly desirable to implement these functions without process interruption and/or requiring minimum changes in the drive configuration. Most of the torque estimation algorithms require two or three voltage and current measurements to be implemented. Aiming to reduce the number of sensors and obtain a lower cost setup, a strategy to estimate torque that requires data acquisition of the current and voltage of only one phase suited to be used in algorithms of efficiency estimation of in-service induction motors was presented in a previous article by the same authors. There, the performance of the method was investigated when applied to induction motors directly connected to the power grid. In a second published article, the performance of the method was additionally investigated for induction motors supplied by means of pulsewidth-modulated frequency inverters. The effects of unbalance in voltage supply were also described and analyzed there. In this article, in addition to the analysis performed in the last published article, a measurement uncertainty analysis is done. Simulation and experimental results are used to check the validity and performance of the proposed technique.

Lived Experiences of Newly Hired Teachers: Basis for Policy Recommendations

This phenomenological study described the lived experiences of newly hired teachers about their journey towards achieving the goal of imparting knowledge among their students and attaining excellence in their chosen profession. The testimonies of the participants provided bases for policy recommendations. The study was participated by ten (10) teachers who were purposively and randomly sampled among public elementary schools in the Schools Division of Calamba City. The purpose was to obtain participants from the rostrum of teachers with a 5-year length of service. An interview guide question was used during the Focus Group Discussion (FGD). The following themes emerged from the experiences shared by the participants: unprepared, under pressure, high expectations, opportunity, errands, culture shock, accountability, confusion, tradition, challenging, and unequipped. These and all other challenges in classroom management and instructions, students’ behavior and varied abilities, and lack of resources changed the life of newly hired teachers. They coped with all these challenges by doing researches, being updated, asked for technical assistance, and pursuing continuing professional development. Policy recommendations on deployment and handling of newly hired teachers were highlighted: Process of Assigning Tasks among Newly Hired Teachers, Classroom Management and Discipline, and Diversity of Learners, Interruption of Teaching-Learning Process, and Having a Good Start.

Factores que conducen a interrupción de la atención psicológica: um estudio de caso

The objective of this study was to verify the factors that led to the premature interruption of the therapeutic process of a teenager pacient of a school-service of Pshycology of a private University located on the interior of Rio Grande do Sul-RS. The adopted methodoly was a unique and systematic study of case, with exploratory character. As a result, it was verified that factors as the pacient not having available hours that matched the hours of the school-service, lack of family adherence in the treatment and low therapeutic aliance have influenced in the premature abandonment. It is concluded that is necessary to take into account the factors that influence the interruption of treatment, having a deep and broad look at the most diverse aspects.

A Framework for Schizophrenia EEG Signal Classification With Nature Inspired Optimization Algorithms

One of the severe and prolonged disorder of the human brain which disturbs the behavioral characteristics of an individual completely such as interruption in the thinking process and speech is schizophrenia. It is a manifestation of many symptoms such as hallucinations, functional deterioration, disorganized speech and hearing sounds and speeches that are non-existent. In this paper, a computerized approach based on optimization and classification is done to analyze the classification of schizophrenia from Electroencephalography (EEG) signals. As EEG can analyze a lot of brain disorders and is used to study the diseases of the brain in an in-depth manner, it can be used to analyze the schizophrenia EEG signals. In this paper, three feature extraction techniques are employed such as Partial Least Squares (PLS) Non linear Regression technique, Expectation Maximization based Principal Component Analysis (EM-PCA) technique and Isometric Mapping (Isomap) technique. The extracted features are further optimized with four optimization algorithms such as Flower Pollination algorithm, Eagle strategy using different evolution algorithm, Backtracking search optimization algorithm and Group search optimization algorithm. The optimized values are then classified with varied versions of both Adaboost classifier and Naive Bayesian Classifier. The individual results show that for normal cases, Isomap features when optimized with Backtracking search optimization algorithm and classified with Modest Adaboost classifier, a classification accuracy of 98.77% is obtained. The individual results show that for schizophrenia case, when Isomap features are optimized with Flower Pollination optimization algorithm and classified with Real Adaboost classifier, a classification accuracy of 98.77% is obtained.