Expert Process Research Articles

Requirements towards optimizing analytics in industrial processes

Modern production systems are composed of complex manufacturing processes with highly technology specific cause-effect relationships. Developments in sensor technology and computational science allow for data-driven decision making that facilitate effcient and objective production management. However, process data may only be beneficial if it is enriched with meta information and process expertise, reduced to relevant information and modelling results interpreted correctly. The importance of data integration in the heterogeneous industrial environment rises at the same momentum as new metrology techniques are deployed. In this paper, we focus on optimizing analytics, containing data-driven decision making for predictive quality and maintenance. We summarize key requirements for data analytics and machine learning application in industrial processes. With a use case from automotive component manufacturing we characterize industrial production, categorize process data and put requirements in context to a real-world example.

Construction of the Ishikawa diagram for the incorporation into employment of graduates of the Ministry of emergency situations of Russia

The paper presents the results of the author’s study of the problem of employment of universities graduates of the Ministry of Emergency Situations (EMERCOM) of Russia for vacant posts in the EMERCOM of Russia. The purpose of the study is to develop a draft “road map” aimed at solving the management problem of insufficient active participation of EMERCOM universities in the employment of graduates for civil service in the EMERCOM of Russia. The authors have used the following methods: traditional document analysis, expert sociological survey in the form of a questionnaire; method of studying statistical data; method for constructing the Kaworu Ishikawa chart. As a result of processing statistical data and experts’ answers, the paper presents the author’s view of the draft “road map” the implementation of which will solve the problem of effective employment of graduates of EMERCOM universities. The paper presents for the first time the results of the causal relationship between the need for employment of graduates of EMERCOM universities and the low percentage of this employment presented in the form of the Ishikawa chart.

Money Laundering Risk Judgement and Decision-Making: Influences of Customer Due Diligence Process and Bank Employees’ Expertise

Money Laundering Risk Judgement and Decision-Making: Influences of Customer Due Diligence Process and Bank Employees’ Expertise

МОДЕЛЬ ОЦЕНКИ ОБЩЕСТВЕННОЙ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ КРУПНОМАСШТАБНЫХ ИНВЕСТИЦИОННЫХ ПРОЕКТОВ: ДЕРЕВО ЦЕЛЕЙ И КОЭФФИЦИЕНТЫ ОТНОСИТЕЛЬНОЙ ВАЖНОСТИ

The article proposes a methodology for assessing the public effectiveness of large-scale infrastructure projects. The implementation of large-scale projects affects the gross domestic product, the consumption fund, and making a decision to invest in a particular project is an extraordinary task. Projects of this scale involve a high degree of uncertainty and traditional methods are not acceptable as a tool for evaluating performance. The objects of comparative evaluation are railway projects: the Transpolar Mainline, the Lensk-Kamchatka Mainline and the railway crossing to Sakhalin Island. In the course of the research, the author applies both well-known methods of systems analysis (goal tree, expert assessments, relative importance coefficients, scenario approach) and methods of neo-system analysis (it is proposed to use a hybrid model of verbal and non-verbal assessment models). A tree of public efficiency goals for a large-scale project is constructed. To assess the achievement of the general goal, subgoals were formed: military-strategic, social and economic. The goal tree was considered in three scenarios: optimistic, intermediate, and pessimistic. In the course of the study, a questionnaire was developed and a survey of experts’ opinions was conducted. As a result of processing expert opinions, it was possible to obtain coefficients of relative importance (priorities) of each sub-goal in three different scenarios. At the next stage, the “alternative + scenario” sets were considered, within the framework of the constructed goal tree. This approach of processing the results of the goal tree allows taking into account the “scale” of the project since the analyzed projects have a significant impact on the entire economy, thereby influencing the scenarios themselves, in contrast to the widely used method of hierarchy analysis. As a result of the study, a methodology for evaluating large-scale projects using real experts was tested, which showed the priority of the railway crossing project to Sakhalin Island. When analyzing by the classical methods, the uncertainty of the external environment that affects the implementation of a particular scenario is taken into account, and this is sufficient in the framework of evaluating small-scale projects using the methods of system analysis. But the evaluation of large-scale projects using this method is incomplete, despite the systematic approach, since the implementation of such projects has an impact on the scenario itself, and this fact must be taken into account. It is concluded that it is necessary to use adequate methods of decision-making in relation to large-scale infrastructure projects, the need to use the methodology of non-system analysis, such an approach will allow taking into account the uncertainty of the external environment even more.

Multimethod to prioritize projects evaluated in different formats

The prioritization of Research, Development & Innovation Projects is an essential step in the innovation management process. As a rule, it is carried out applying methods that allow one to process experts' preferences concerning each project according to established criteria. However, there are different preference formats which experts can utilize: Ordering of Alternatives, Utility Values, Multiplicative Preference Relations, Fuzzy Estimates, Fuzzy Preference Relations, etc. Wherein, each prioritization method usually handles only one of these formats. Thus, the following question arises: how do we prioritize projects taken from portfolios evaluated in different formats? The proposed methodology presents a way to overcome this gap by achieving three main objectives. First, develop techniques that make it possible to crossover between preference formats and prioritization methods. Second, merge two portfolios of projects built applying different prioritization methods. Third, prioritize projects evaluated using different formats. The results of this study are universal and can be applied to replace any method of prioritization. In the specific case, the Mapping method is replaced by the Analytic Hierarchy Process and, then, by the Interactive Multicriteria Decision Making method (so called TODIM method). Techniques are also proposed to ensure compatibility between different preference formats and prioritization methods.•Prioritization of projects evaluated in different formats using the Mapping, AHP, and TODIM methods.•Providing fully consistent evaluation matrices.•Application of techniques to make different preference formats and prioritization methods compatible.

Theory of combined imbalance for quality improvement in green sand molded castings

Foundry is the discipline of experiments. Foundry operation consists of many interconnected, dynamic processes that are complex in nature which demand skills, techniques and caution to ensure and maintain a consistent quality of castings. Such a methodologically complex processes with numerous variables of process parameters also impose quality limitations on final castings. On account of the same, defect reduction becomes the important objective in green sand casting foundries. Foundries need process expertise to improve efficiency by reducing sand casting defects. The identification of process variables is known as process knowledge. This involves the approach to data collection, the conceptualization method, and the study to assess the various process variables associated with a defect-free casting generation. The paper presents a new perspective in the form of the Theory of Combined Imbalance of process parameters, a new dimension for understanding the defect generation mechanism in green sand molded castings.

Practical applications of fuzzy set theory in flight safety management

Risk management is a core of Safety Management System (SMS) of airline. It works in high level of uncertainty and is dealing with variety of information which is fuzzy in nature. So the fuzzy set theory (FST) is natural instrument that should be applied for solving problems that SMS faced with. The article provides a brief overview of examples of the use of FST elements in safety risk management, presents the results of processing expert surveys using fuzzy methods, and describes the developed practical method for assessing the index of probability of an aviation event based on the fuzzy inference technology.

A Study on the Predictive Maintenance of 5 Axis CNC Machine Tools for Cutting of Large Aircraft Parts

In the process of cutting large aircraft parts, the tool may be abnormally worn or damaged due to various factors such as mechanical vibration, disturbances such as chips, and physical properties of the workpiece, which may result in deterioration of the surface quality of the workpiece. Because workpieces used for large aircrafts parts are expensive and require strict processing quality, a maintenance plan is required to minimize the deterioration of the workpiece quality that can be caused by unexpected abnormalities of the tool and take maintenance measures at an earlier stage that does not adversely affect the machining. In this paper, we propose a method to indirectly monitor the tool condition that can affect the machining quality of large aircraft parts through real-time monitoring of the current signal applied to the spindle motor during machining by comparing whether the monitored current shows an abnormal pattern during actual machining by using this as a reference pattern. First, 30 types of tools are used for machining large aircraft parts, and three tools with relatively frequent breakages among these tools were selected as monitoring targets by reflecting the opinions of processing experts in the field. Second, when creating the CNC machining program, the M code, which is a CNC auxiliary function, is inserted at the starting and ending positions of the tool to be monitored using the editing tool, so that monitoring start and end times can be notified. Third, the monitoring program was run with the M code signal notified from the CNC controller by using the DAQ (Data Acquisition) device, and the machine learning algorithms for detecting abnormality of the current signal received in real time could be used to determine whether there was an abnormality. Fourth, through the implementation of the prototype system, the feasibility of the method proposed in this paper was shown and verified through an actual example.

RETRACTED: Simulation of psychological course satisfaction based on android mobile system and neural network

Adolescents usually show a significant reduction in their inner motivation in their careers. Following self-determination theory, the traditional environment meets young people's three basic psychological needs when they mature their needs, namely autonomy, ability, and relevance. It is assumed that it is not enough. Existing systems are difficult-have a process to identify and computational analysis of psychology course scores. The proposed studies are inconsistent and dissatisfied with the online learning experience, combining a Neural Network analysis course level with a satisfying Android-based mobile phone system, or calculating a latent trait model of mental course scores. Course learning, organization, and evaluation: The findings identified three basic, satisfying components. The purpose of Neural Network is to verify and prepare the relationship between process satisfaction and professional identity and trust this relationship's mediating effect. It shows the strongest relationship of satisfaction, teaching psychological process variables, especially quality and expertise. Based on psychological variables, services, facilities, images, and research activities, Android smart systems are also important. Individual user characteristics, such as outcomes and attitudes, are related to psychological user satisfaction. Neural Network promote user matching of suitable thinking style psychology learning, psychological development course education quality and style, be accurate, and develop positive attitudes such as self-efficacy. For learning assistance, help learners will improve their satisfaction, including Android's intelligent system.

Study of physical and chemical properties of tellurium-containing middlings

The process experts are concerned in tellurium due to its various physical and chemical properties. The copper anode slime is the main industrial source of tellurium, after processing of that tellurium becomes marketable product and can be sold both in elemental form and tellurium-containing middling. Physical and chemical properties of the tellurium-containing middling of Kazakhmys Smelting LLP produced in 2018 have been studied in this paper. The following methods have been applied during the study: particle size distribution, X-ray phase, X-ray fluorescence and scanning electron probe microscopy. It was found that material is mainly represented by the large pieces of 0.2 mm in size, with moisture content of 15.57 %, bulk density of 0.8 g/cm3 without tapping and 0.88 g/cm3 with tapping, the angle friction - 33°. The elemental composition of the material was determined by X-ray fluorescence method as follows, wt. %: Cu – 33.327; Te – 21.863; Se – 0.766, O – 35.116; S – 5.045. X-ray phase analysis showed that material is mainly in the amorphous state, the following phases had been identified: Cu2.5SO4(OH)3·2H2O, Cu3(SO4)(OH)4, CuSO4(H2O)3. Tellurium-containing phases could not be detected due to strong amorphism. Hydrosulfate forms of copper in the form of flakes have been found on the surface of the middlings by electron probe microscopy. EDS analysis of individual areas showed that patina also contains small amounts of chlorine, selenium and up to 25 % tellurium, in addition to such elements as copper, sulfur and oxygen. Small amounts of sulfur, chromium, selenium and up to 45 % of oxygen has been found in the open area of material, that is specific for its oxidation.

Introduction of a time series machine learning methodology for the application in a production system

Machine learning methods are considered a promising approach for improving operations and processes in manufacturing. However, the application of machine learning often requires the expertise of a data scientist combined with thorough knowledge of the manufacturing processes. Small and medium-sized companies that specialize in certain high value-added, variant rich production processes often lack an in-house data scientist and therefore miss out on generating a deeper data-driven insight from their production data streams. This paper proposes a three-step machine learning methodology to empower process experts with limited knowledge in machine learning: 1) data exploration through clustering, 2) representation of the production systems behaviour through specially structured neural networks and 3) querying this representation through evolutionary algorithms to achieve decision support through online optimization or scenario simulation. The chosen algorithms focus on parameter-light, well-established, general use algorithms in order to lower knowledge requirements for their application.

Plataforma para Procesamiento de Imágenes sobre SoC FPGA de Xilinx

La aplicación de sistemas de procesamiento de imágenes en edge computing resulta cada vez más atractiva y necesaria. Sin embargo, las exigencias en cuanto a consumo de potencia y alto rendimiento impiden que puedan utilizarse plataformas de procesamiento estándares. En este aspecto, los FPGA son una buena opción para el desarrollo de sistemas de visión computacional a causa de su capacidad de explotación del paralelismo. Por otra parte, el flujo de diseño de las herramientas de síntesis de FPGA actuales admiten lenguajes de alta abstracción como descripciones de entrada, en contraposición a los lenguajes de descripción de hardware. La síntesis de alto nivel (HLS) automatiza el proceso de diseño al transformar la descripción algorítmica en hardware digital mientras se satisfacen las limitaciones del diseño. Sin embargo, a los expertos en procesamiento de imágenes puede resultarles compleja la integración hardware obtenida con el resto de los componentes del sistema, como por ejemplo interfaces de captura y visualización. En este trabajo, se presenta un diseño base para la construcción de aplicaciones de procesamiento de imágenes basada en Zynq. Se proporciona además una metodología que posibilita el desarrollo eficiente de soluciones de procesamiento de imágenes embebidas de manera ágil.

Can you Speak Covid‐19? Languages and Social Inequality in Management Studies

The Covid‐19 crisis makes the study of languages in management even more relevant and timely than before the crisis. This “black and brown epidemic,” as Joseph Betancourt from Massachusetts General Hospital called it, brings to the fore social divisions and hardship, accelerating and magnifying processes and practices of linguistic inequality with fatal consequences (Goldberg, 2020).

PROCESSING OF EXPERT ESTIMATES WHEN CONDUCTING AN EXAMINATION OF SCIENTIFIC PROJECTS WITH THE INVOLVEMENT OF EXPERTS OF THE FEDERAL ROSTE

The article is devoted to the issues of increasing the accuracy of expert assessments when organizing the examination of scientific, technological and innovative projects in the information system of the Federal Roster of Experts. The main methods of processing expert assessments are considered. It is shown that for expert and analytical work performed by the information system of the Federal Register of Experts, the optimal method for processing expert assessments is their averaging within expert groups. The analysis of the rating scales of typical expert questionnaires is carried out, the statistical characteristics of expert assessments are determined. The choice of the best group assessment for typical examination schemes is substantiated, as it is proposed to use the arithmetic mean of private assessments. The criteria for making a decision and the threshold values of expert assessments are considered. A method is proposed for increasing the reliability and accuracy of expert assessments by ranking the estimated indicators according to their degree of significance with the subsequent formation of a private final assessment of the project in the form of a weighted sum.

Экспертная оценка значимости выездной формы проведения медицинской реабилитации спасателей в зоне чрезвычайной ситуации

The purpose of the study is to analyze and summarize the results of an expert assessment of the goals, needs, ways and methods of medical rehabilitation of rescuers in the emergency zone to preserve and maintain their professional health and high performance during emergency rescue operations. Materials and methods of research. The study was conducted by interviewing of 248 specialists of the All-Russian service for disaster medicine (VSMC) using three questionnaires developed by the author. The questionnaires included questions on the possibility of using and expediency of the field form of medical rehabilitation of rescuers in the emergency zone, the need for additional preparation and professional training of specialists of field teams, as well as the expected effectiveness of this form of work. The results of the research were analyzed using the STATISTICA V.8.0 application software package. Research results and their analysis. The provisions are formulated as based on the results of processing expert opinions on the possibility, significance and expediency of using modern technologies of medical rehabilitation in the emergency zone, the need to change the professional training of specialists in the field of medical rehabilitation and additional training of specialists of field teams working in the emergency zone.

Abstract 285: Resuscitation Practices of Cardiac Arrest in Children with Cardiac Disease in Cardiac Intensive Care Units Compared to Pediatric Intensive Care Units

Introduction: Hospitalized children with critical cardiac disease experience cardiac arrest more than any other disease type. Varying models are devoted to caring for this population, including pediatric intensive care units (PICU) and dedicated cardiac intensive care units (CICU). The process of CPR delivery has not been evaluated in CICUs in comparison to PICUs. Hypothesis: There will be no difference in cardiac arrest resuscitation practices between unit types. Methods: We analyzed patients <18 years from the American Heart Association Get with the Guidelines-Resuscitation database (GWTG-R) with an illness category of medical or surgical cardiac disease who received CPR in a CICU or PICU from 2014 to 2018. Events were assessed for compliance with GWTG-R achievement measures of time to first chest compressions ≤ 1 minute, time to IV/IO epinephrine ≤ 5 minutes, time to first shock ≤ 2 minutes for VF/pulseless VT first documented rhythm, and confirmation of endotracheal tube (ETT) placement in trachea. Results: CPR practices were evaluated on 866 patients, 687 CICU and 179 PICU (55% male and 65% neonatal). Surgical cardiac disease was present in 56%. Cardiac malformations were present in 81% (45% cyanotic 29% acyanotic). Pulseless arrest was the initial event in 41% with a shockable rhythm in 14%. Return of spontaneous circulation occurred in 86% and survival to hospital discharge in 58%. Univariate analysis comparing resuscitation practice is shown in Table 1. ECPR use was the only variable noted to be significantly different between units (CICU 22% vs PICU 6%, P<0.01). On multivariate analysis, there were no differences in GWTG-R achievement measures between ICU types for ETT placement confirmation, time to IV/IO epinephrine dose, time to first chest compression to first shock (P>0.05). Conclusion: Despite differences in infrastructure, process, and provider expertise, there were no differences in cardiac arrest resuscitation practice between CICUs and PICUs.

ОСОБЕННОСТИ ОЦЕНКИ КАЧЕСТВА УРОКА В УСЛОВИЯХ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ ЦОР И ДИСТАНЦИОННЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ

Statement of the problem. The variety of new models, forms and methods of organizing school lessons in the context of ICT actualizes the problem of finding objective and affordable ways to assess the quality of a modern lesson. The purpose of the article is to substantiate an expert-criteria approach to assessment of the quality of lessons, which use elements of e-learning and distance educational technologies. The idea of ​​designing a methodology for assessing the quality of lessons is to create expert questionnaires that include weighted criteria quality indicators, as well as questionnaires and test materials. Research methodology is the analysis and synthesis of regulatory documents of basic general education, research works of Russian and foreign scientists, experience in teaching students computer science at different levels of general education. Research results. The paper proposes and substantiates an expert-criteria procedural scheme for evaluating the quality of modern lessons that use elements of e-learning and distance learning technologies. The method of assessing the quality of lessons consists in creating expert questionnaires that include weight criteria for quality, as well as questionnaire and test materials. Conclusion. Currently, the performance of testing of test tasks for evaluating each type of educational results (personal, subject, and meta-subject) is being tested and a pedagogical experiment is being carried out in Secondary School No. 9 of Krasnoyarsk to conduct lessons in Computer Science of four types: 1) without the use of the digital educational resources (DER); 2) with partial use of the DER; 3) with long-term use of the DER; 4) mega-lessons (the use of the DER throughout the lesson). The procedural scheme for collecting and processing expert indicators is formalized and provides for the possibility of automating statistical data processing and subsequent improvement of criteria based on the “constructor” principle. The proposed method can be used by school administrations to make decisions on the management of the educational process.

VOĐENJE KAO NEZAOBILAZNA FUNKCIJA SUDIONIKA ODGOJNO-OBRAZOVNOG PROCESA U SUVREMENOM VRTIĆKOM KONTEKSTU

Kvalitetno obavljanje odgojno-obrazovne djelatnosti u kontekstu suvremenih ustanova ranog i predškolskog odgoja i obrazovanja zahtijeva profesionalno pedagoška, didaktička i metodička znanja stečena kroz inicijalno obrazovanje, ali i dodavanje i primjenu brojnih drugih kompetencija. U radu je analiziran kontekst ustanove za rani i predškolski odgoj i obrazovanje u svjetlu suvremenih paradigmi u odgoju i obrazovanju iz kojih nedvojbeno proizlazi potreba stjecanja novih kompetencija s naglaskom na voditeljske kompetencije koje postaju bitna pedagoška svojstva svih nositelja odgojno-obrazovnog procesa (odgojitelja, stručnih suradnika i ravnatelja). Akceptiranjem vođenja kao procesa kojim se u određenim situacijama nastoji utjecati na pojedinca ili grupu kako bi se postigli određeni ciljevi otvara se potreba višedimenzionalnog pogleda na taj fenomen.

Lifelong learning governance and International Organisations

Lifelong learning policies are subject to various approaches of educational governance. Our research presents a hypothesis that lifelong learning policies are creating and engaging with new facets of governance. To test for proof of concept, the lead author conducted interviews with officials and policy makers from international organisations such as the United Nations Education, Science and Culture Organisation, the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, the International Labour Organisation and the Council of Europe. The thematic analysis of the data revealed lifelong learning governance is characterised by an «effects spiral» or «interactive governance» – an institutional formation, functioning and conditioning in decision making of international, European and national actors. A double issue is also highlighted: the economic difficulties (employability, flexi-security, funding and mobility) and the monitoring process (expertise, comparison, transposition, supervision and control), which are prioritised over the social role of education. This is important because it is the social role of education that empowers citizens to realise national, regional, and international strategic plans, and the monitoring process for sustainable development. The thematic analysis reveals new forms of governance in lifelong learning policies, namely collaborative governance, competitive governance, control governance and thematic governance. The authors present this taxonomy on lifelong learning governance with recommendations of how lifelong learning policies can be optimised.

Analysis of the factors affecting the Industry 4.0 tendency with the structural equation model and an application

Technology, the development of which has gained significant momentum recently, has caused critical innovations in the production sector. Having a lot of various components, Industry 4.0, also known as the fourth industrial revolution, has turned into a concept on which enterprises have started to concentrate their attention to adapt to difficult conditions of competition. Industry 4.0 represents a phenomenon, which has the potential to considerably influence the performance of businesses with a lot of superiorities, including its cost-effectiveness, high speed, effectiveness and quality, automated and communicating systems, and considerably simpler processes. Furthermore, businesses adapting to Industry 4.0 can keep up with the age, and they also have the possibility to increase their market shares under competitive conditions and improve current customer satisfaction. In the present paper, the criteria influencing the Industry 4.0 tendency were revealed, and the analysis of the impacts of the above-mentioned criteria on Industry 4.0 was performed using a structural equation model (SEM). In the model, nine criteria (factors) were utilized, including “business models, products, and services,” “market and customer access,” “value chains and processes,” “IT (Information Technology) architecture,” “compliance, risk, security,” “organization and corporate culture,” “leadership, strategy, culture, management,” “IoT (Internet of things) data protection, processing, and team expertise,” and “data integration for analysis.” Reliability values for all variables of the model were determined to be above 0.6. In addition, it was determined that all 9 criteria had a positive effect on Industry 4.0, 6 of which were significantly effective. The criterion with the most importance degree was determined as market and customer access. It is believed that this research may guide enterprises on Industry 4.0.