Problems Of Economic Development Research Articles

Assessment of Jiangsu Regional Logistics Space Nonequilibrium Situation by Boosting and Bagging Algorithms

This study aims to solve the problem of unbalanced regional economic development in Jiangsu and deeply excavates the relevant theories of regional logistics and the unbalanced spatial situation. The classification of regional logistics and spatial disequilibrium and the dimensions involved are studied. At present, the development status of Jiangsu logistics has locked the main reason for the unbalanced situation of the regional logistics space in Jiangsu. The basic principles, application scope, and methods of Bagging and Boosting algorithms are deeply studied. Then, the Jiangsu logistics space nonequilibrium situation assessment model is established based on the Bagging and Boosting algorithms, and the input data is sorted and summarized. Finally, the results are obtained through experiments evaluating the model and analyzed and summarized. The core issues, the factors affecting development, and the uneven development situation have been comprehensively assessed. The conclusion drawn is as follows: the imbalance of the logistics productivity of various regions in Jiangsu will inevitably lead to the imbalance of the regional logistics space in Jiangsu, which affects the coordinated and healthy development of the regional logistics in Jiangsu. These conclusions are significant to the inherent causes and effects of regional logistics spatial disequilibrium and can promote the coordination, synergy, and common development of Jiangsu logistics regions.

Economic development collaboration in public administration research: A systematic literature review

Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) approach, this article investigates 85 articles on economic development collaboration in public administration research, published between 1990 and 2022. Economic development collaboration is the process of interaction among multiple economic development organizations in order to tackle economic development problems that cannot be resolved by single organizations. This systematic review demonstrates seven key aspects of economic development collaboration studies: (1) research questions, (2) collaboration types, (3) empirical designs and methods, (4) antecedents of economic development collaboration, (5) mechanisms of economic collaboration, (6) outcomes of economic development collaboration, and (7) research limitations. Based on these results, this article identifies strengths and weaknesses in economic development collaboration research and concludes with a future research agenda.

Sports Economic Mining Algorithm Based on Association Analysis and Big Data Model.

With the implementation of national strategies such as sports power and national fitness, the sports economy has become an important element of high-quality national development, and the demand for sports economy and management talents is greatly increased. Particularly in the new area with big data as the typical feature, the teaching content, teaching method, and teaching mode of sports economics and management majors have put forward new requirements. The continuous progress of storage and network technology has prompted the generation of massive multisource spatiotemporal data in various fields. The advantage of association analysis algorithms is that they are easy to code and implement. The relationships found by association analysis can take two forms: frequent itemsets or association rules. We use correlation analysis methods to perform correlation learning between sports economy and related big data and thus improve the development of sports economy. Mining and analyzing the relevant big data can precisely reveal the problems of sports economic development and can realize the fine management of sports, thus contributing to the healthy development of sports. Mastering the skills of acquiring, analyzing, and applying big data is the core content of sports economic analysis. The sports economy has refined and intelligent management means, and its adoption of virtual reality reflects the current situation and development trend of the sports business, which further highlights the status and role of multisource big data in the sports economy. Based on these, this paper proposed a sports economy mining algorithm in view of the correlation analysis and big data model. Then, we verified the effectiveness of the model through experiments, which laid the foundation for the development of the sports economy.

From Capital to Capabilities: Human Development Theory and New Directions in Economic Development

This paper investigates the potential of human development theory to provide alternatives to long-standing practical and conceptual problems in traditional economic development. We show that the capabilities approach developed by Sen and Nussbaum provides new solutions to four long-standing problems that define economic development activities focused on industrial recruitment and highly skilled professionals: (1) competition for scarce material resources, (2) connection to other planning specializations, (3) cities’ limited control over economies, and (4) coordinating the unmanageable networks that oversee plans. We demonstrate that these benefits are actual, rather than aspirational, by documenting the growth and diffusion of three types of urban economic policies that enact human development ideas: employment standards, reduced-cost education, and universal public programs

НОВІ МОЖЛИВОСТІ ЕКОНОМІЧНОГО РОЗВИТКУ УЗБЕКИСТАНУ

To implement the goals of the dynamic development of the domestic economy of Uzbekistan declared by the country's leadership in the context of significant foreign policy and internal economic contradictions, it is necessary that both the goals and objectives of the socio-economic policy of the Republic of Uzbekistan correspond to the existing relations of appropriation and alienation of property both within the country and in relation to other economies. The purpose of the article is to explore the prospects for new opportunities for the economic development of Uzbekistan. The object of the research is the opportunities and incentives for the economic development of Uzbekistan. Research methods. The theoretical basis for the research was the works of scientists on the issues of cooperative-integration relations in the agro-industrial complex. In the process of research, the following methods were used: abstract-logical, monographic, comparative analysis, etc. Research hypothesis. Understanding property relations as, first of all, constantly changing social relations. Presentation of the main material. The transformation of property relations occurs not only and not so much under the influence of external factors, but also primarily as a result of the implementation of an immanent internal logic emanating from the historical dynamics of development. Originality and practical value. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the development of theoretical and scientific-methodological approaches to solving the ecological and economic problems of the region's development. Conclusions and prospects for further research. Overcoming the identified negative trends in the socio-economic situation in the country is possible through the use of mechanisms for improving property relations, including limiting the use of property rights of the state by the bureaucracy; use of a wide range of mechanisms to protect property rights.

Comparison of Imbalanced Data Methods on Logistics Regression (Case Study: Poverty in Indonesia In 2018)

Poverty is still one of the main problems in economic development and inequality, unemployment, and economic growth. This study aims to model poverty directly by using a discrete choice model using binomial regression. The data used is imbalanced data, where one of the value categories is relatively small. In this study, the logistic regression method applies several resample techniques. They include undersampling, oversampling, a combination of both, and Cost-Sensitive Learning (CSL). The results obtained that both sampling techniques provide optimal results when viewed from the indicators of accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, and AUC. In addition, the results show that in households in rural areas, the head of the household is female, unmarried, has low education, married at an early/old age, and has a large household size, has a greater chance of being poor than other categories. So that targeted and comprehensive policy is needed so that the poverty rate can continue to be reduced and welfare increases

The Donbass Economy: State, Development Trends, and Forecasts

—The article, which is a continuation of the study of the problems of economic development in conditions of limited opportunities, published in the journal for 2018, offers an interpretation of predictive scenarios for the development of the autonomous Donbass. An assessment of the general state of economic development of the DPR in the period 2014–2021 is given, the expected trends in the development of the economy are identified, the main internal and external problems of economic development are identified, growth prospects are outlined in key manufacturing industries that have the potential to contribute to the achievement of structural optimality of the economy.

Анализ перспективных направлений развития Ямало-Ненецкого автономного округа в экономической системе Уральского федерального округа

The sustainable development of the national economy is mainly due to the balanced and steady development of its regions. The vast territory of Russia led to the formation of federal districts, which present a unity of the certain territories, on which relatively coordinated mechanisms of territorial development are formed, taking into account the socio-economic characteristics of the regions that are part of macroregions - federal districts. There arises an applied scientific interest in studying the general trends and strategic priorities for the development of a particular federal district, which influence the formation of development prospects for the subjects of the federation. The key socio-economic indicators of the development of the Ural Federal District have been analyzed, the structural and dynamic features of the regions included in its composition have been defined. The strategic priorities of the territorial development of the Ural Federal District are identified, which are detailed in the regional strategies for long-term socio-economic development. Based on the analysis of the territorial specifics of the socio-economic development of the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, its significance in the development of the macroregion is determined, and the most acute problems of economic and social development are identified. Based on the results of the SWOT analysis, the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug was assessed in three main areas (groups of factors): parameter “Person”, parameter “Economy”, parameter “Space”. MatFigs of the SWOT-analysis are illustrated for the priority areas under consideration, which present the factors, strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the region. The priority areas for the development of the raw and non-resource sectors of the regional economy of the okrug were identified, strengthening its balanced and progressive development.

Assessment of the living standard of the population of the Kazakhstan regions

The purpose of this article is to analyze and give a comprehensive assessment of the standard of living of the population in all regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The concept of “human development” was introduced by UNDP in 1990 in the Human Development Report. The concept of human development is focused on people and proclaims the main and only goal to ensure human well-being. This presupposes the creation of a favorable political, economic, social and ecological environment that would allow people to live a healthy and constructive life for a sufficiently long time. Almost simultaneously with the emergence of this concept, the problem of quantifying the improvement in the lives of people around the world arose. Human development is an abstract concept. In order to measure it (to determine the level, dynamics, direction of changes), a system of indicators is needed that characterizes certain aspects of human development.In this article, based on the methodology proposed by the authors, an integral assessment of the standard of living of the population of the Republic of Kazakhstan is given in the context of the regions. A quantitative and qualitative assessment of the living standards of the population can serve as the basis for the development and improvement of the social sphere, an instrument of effective socio-economic policy, which is confirmed by the experience of the results of industrialized countries in solving the problems of economic development.

Preconditions for the formation of the investment policy of Ukraine as a key set of measures to ensure economic development

The article focuses on investments as a tool for solving economic development problems of the national economy. Based on the analysis of macroeconomic systems' development factors, it is concluded that it is necessary to accelerate economic development to ensure national competitiveness within the current global economy. The necessity of forming the organizational mechanism for the country's economic growth at a transitional stage of development is substantiated. The analysis of foreign investments in Ukraine is carried out. The paper defines the key points, tools, and measures for forming the corresponding mechanism on the example of Ukraine as an economic system in the transitional stage of development. The organizational scheme for economic growth by executive authorities is proposed. One of the critical roles in this mechanism is assigned to the Investment Department and Independent National Science Council; tasks and functions of these units in the structure of the agency are described.

ISSUES OF IMPLEMENTATION OF SYSTEM OF CONTROL IN SUSTAINABLE FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC MANAGEMENT OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES

In recent years, pondium problems in many countries around the world have created a financial crisis, negatively affecting the macroeconomic performance of many countries, which has led to a decline in gross domestic product (GDP) as well as greater problems in economic development. The globalization of economic processes in the world has increased the uncertainty of the external environment in the national economy of both individual and national economies as a whole, creating the need to develop scientifically based methods and approaches to effective management of industries. Today, the formation of an effective management system of the economic system must be based on the principles of sustainable development. Management should be carried out in order to achieve the level of financial sustainability of the enterprise, on the one hand, and on the other hand, in accordance with the strategic objectives of the actual situation of the business entity. This is because the existence of objective uncertainty in the external environment of the enterprise and the subjectivity of decisions make it necessary to develop a control system for the stability of the enterprise, which should allow the formation of optimal management decisions aimed at increasing financial and economic stability. Thus, the stability of an economic system based on scientific methods of modeling and optimization in a dynamic environment, based on preventive measures and the principles of adaptive management. Keywords: sustainable, system, management, enterprise, model, function, purpose, uncertainty.

Strategic guidelines for import substitution in Russia in the context of systemic transformations

The subject of the study is the parameters and key features of the structure and volume of imports of the Russian Federation. The authors consider in detail the key aspects and trends of the import of foreign products of final and intermediate consumption in the Russian Federation, highlight the risks and threats to the sustainable development of the Russian economy in the context of ongoing systemic transformations caused by the sanctions confrontation that escalated in 2022. The logic and tools of the implemented empirical assessments are based on a theoretical and methodological analysis of determining the strategic guidelines for the formation of foreign trade and the tools produced to assess its effectiveness, and also relies on the approach proposed by the authors to determine the priorities of import substitution policy, taking into account the "severity" of the problem and prospects for economic development. The main conclusion of the study is the need to intensify import substitution processes in the most vulnerable areas of supplies of goods and components to the Russian Federation (machinery, equipment and equipment, chemical industry products, metals and products made of them, plastics, rubber and rubber) from the so-called unfriendly countries (Western European states, USA and Japan, etc.) Given that they account for about 28.5% of imports to Russia, restrictions on further supplies of goods from these countries pose serious risks to the sustainable socio-economic development of the Russian Federation in the short term. The novelty and theoretical significance of the study lies in the proposed concept of choosing an import substitution policy depending on the degree of vulnerability of individual industries to localization of import supplies, as well as depending on the scale of the risks of sustainable development of the national economy.

Building a Super Smart Nation: Scenario Analysis and Framework of Essential Stakeholders, Characteristics, Pillars, and Challenges

Globally, countries are increasingly facing challenges regarding their national future post the COVID-19 pandemic with respect to decreasing and aging populations; dwindling workforces; trade wars due to restricted movement of goods, people, and services; and overcoming economic development and societal problems. Accordingly, we identify the challenges and corresponding solutions that act as pillars for a framework to build a super smart nation. We analyze 73 peer-reviewed research papers from Scopus index databases and use the Delphi methodology to identify the challenges, which include people and society, robots, technology, research and innovation, digital infrastructure, data, politics, governance, and sustainability. Further, we discuss the relevant solutions, including top leadership motivation and commitment; proactive steps from the government, development of policies; legal frameworks and laws; creation of awareness programs; use of advanced technologies (such as robotics and semantic technologies); and development of interoperable infrastructure; innovation ecosystem; sustainable energy sources; and global standards for education system through transformation of the education system. These novel insights have valuable practical and theoretical implications for guiding policymakers, industry leaders, and researchers in building a super smart nation.

Differentiation of Population Incomes in Russian Arctic Regions

This research analyzed the factors influencing the differentiation of income in regions of the Russian Arctic zone. The demographic indicators of the trends in human capital were analyzed, namely the distribution of workers in the economy by educational level, the number of university students, and the population younger than working age. Based on the data obtained, groups of regions were identified according to per capita income growth and its dependence on level of education. The aim was to study the dynamics of household income growth in the Arctic regions, examine the conditions for the formation of a group with a higher education level, and determine the specifics of the factors influencing these indicators. The results showed that there can be no single solution for regional problems of economic development across the Arctic. In the process of planning and programming the development of this macroregion, one should take into account the specific characteristics of autonomous districts and groups of regions with their unique, historically formed, development tasks.
 Keywords: income, differentiation, region, education, population

Economic problems of the Russian transport system development

The paper considers the main economic problems of the Russian transport system development, defines the role of transport in the development of the national economy. The features of the development of the national transport system within the framework of integration into the international transport system are highlighted. The authors analyzed the main performance indicators of all modes of transport. The negative consequences of the pandemic on the development of the Russian transport system are presented. Proposals for its improvement have been developed.

Based on the Analysis of China Construction Bank's Financing Risk in Supply Chain Finance Business

With the current economic downturn, the difficulty and high cost of financing for small and medium-sized enterprises have become a difficult problem in economic development, and supply chain finance has emerged as the times require. Supply chain finance can improve the credit business of commercial banks and effectively improve the financing difficulties of small and medium-sized enterprises. However, while solving the shortcomings of traditional finance, the operation of supply chain finance will also bring some problems, and many risks are gradually exposed. Taking China Construction Bank as an example, this paper selects 26 companies that CCB cooperate with to use supply chain finance business for research, analyzes the financial statements of these 26 companies in 2021, builds a corresponding indicator system, and uses principal component analysis to conduct analysis. Research its corresponding risks and put forward countermeasures and suggestions.

The 14th Five-year plan and the development of education in China

Over the past two years, the world economy has been severely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, the processes of globalization and regional international economic integration have faced new challenges, trade protectionism has intensified, international labor migration and international technology exchange have slowed down. Under such conditions, it is difficult to maintain China's former economic model based on imitation of innovation, cheap and mass labor of average qualification, and orientation towards export of products. China's response to the current trends and problems of economic development is the implementation of the "14th Five-Year Plan" (2021-2025), as well as the longer-term perspective of the PRC’s Vision 2035. This period is a preparatory stage in China's realization of its long-term goal of achieving the income level of developed countries and becoming a developed and sustainable economy by 2035. Education is undoubtedly the most important factor in human capital development, increasing national prosperity, and a source of long-term economic growth. Over the past 20 years, China has caught up on key education indicators with many middle-income and high-income countries. Based on the results of the 14th Plan, we predict that by 2025 China will be able to meet its educational targets and come close to achieving the long-term goals of 2035. Despite the success in some quantitative indicators, the Chinese government should pay attention to the objective problems of current national educational system, in particular its overall basic quality level which is lower than the average one of OECD countries, some hidden inequities such as the more than five-fold gap in financial investment in education between regions and the level of education which is 15 years behind that of the developed countries.

Venezuela’s social and economic model in the new reality

Since president Hugo Chavez came to power in 1999, the vector of social and economic development of Venezuela has changed dramatically. The nationalization of the key companies as a part of the course towards "Socialism of the 21st century" made it possible to create a system of state income redistribution, to raise education and healthcare to a new level, and to solve the problems of poverty and social stratification. However, the fundamental problems of economic development – monoculturalism and rentoriented economy – have not been resolved during the first 14 years of reforms. Development within the framework of a new social and economic model was interrupted by unfavorable conditions on the global oil market, global economic crises and especially by powerful sanctions (economic war) from the United States. In the new reality, the government was forced to change approaches to economic management. After Hugo Chávez’ death in 2013, president Nicolás Maduro first made attempts to increase state control. However, deep social and economic crisis, which has been deepening since 2014, forced the government to significantly liberalize economic relations. These measures, the increase of oil prices and some easing of pressure from the United States made it possible to achieve insignificant positive economic results in 2021.

THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF MECHANISMS OF FORMATION OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF THE REGION

The article comprehensively examines the conceptualization of national interests in the field of international relations. The author through a comprehensive analysis of scientific and methodological literature determined that based on the conceptualization of mechanisms for the formation of sustainable development of regions, the mechanism for implementing sustainable development strategies at the regional level should be considered as a tool for direct impact on socio-economic system. Analysis of the socio-economic situation in specific regions, aimed at developing an active policy of sustainable development, showed that a special approach to solving the problem of sustainable development, related to the structure of the district's economy, its demographic, national and religious composition, natural conditions, state of use subsoil and their prospects. Such an analysis showed that in order to ensure sustainable socio-economic development of the region, it is necessary to adhere to a certain hierarchy of goals and priorities. Emphasis is placed on the fact that among the many mechanisms for the formation of sustainable development, special attention is paid to such methods as organizational and technological, socio-economic; administrative. In particular, the organizational and technological method, first of all, involves the creation of a specialized, dedicated organizational structure, the area of responsibility of which is the creation, maintenance and operation of the entire structure of the mechanism. Performance of official duties is carried out by means of the modern software and hardware complex which separate aspects are used for the decision of the set tasks, within the limits of achievement of the purposes of sustainable development. It stated that the fact that all the problems of social and economic development of the region cannot be solved without financial support, bearing in mind the whole range of budget financing, monetary circulation, liquidity, and the functioning of the securities market, because for a market economy mobilization of financial resources and their effective use are gaining importance in the implementation of social and economic programs.

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ ПІДПРИЄМНИЦТВА В КОНТЕКСТІ РЕГІОНАЛЬНОГО РОЗВИТКУ (НА ПРИКЛАДІ ЛЬВІВЩИНИ)

The article presents the economic essence of the term "entrepreneurship", highlights the basic classification of enterprises by structure, which allows to assess the flexibility and maneuverability of firms in relation to socio-economic processes in society. A number of general objective and subjective factors of business environment development on the example of Lviv region are highlighted, among which are the following: geographical border position of the region, numerous technological innovations, traditions of entrepreneurship, legislative aspect. A structural and dynamic analysis of the number of enterprises in the Lviv region with a division into large, medium and small enterprises during 2018-2020. It is proved that on the basis of the carried out analysis it is possible to trace dynamics of development of business of this region. The study considers the performance of enterprises by cities of regional importance and districts of Lviv region in 2020. The number of enterprises, the number of employees, wages and sales of products in terms of the studied region were analyzed. The amount of revenues to the local budgets of the Lviv region of income taxes, income taxes and taxes to increase the market value, which in turn affect the development of the analyzed region. It is noted that in recent years in the local budgets of Lviv region there is a constant and rapid increase in revenues from the above taxes. It is noted that Lviv region has made a significant step forward in implementing new approaches to the development of the region, which are based primarily on the use of its competitive advantages in the region. The document which defines tendencies and the basic problems of social and economic development of area, strategic and operational purposes, priorities of development of region for the corresponding period is resulted. The results of the study can be implemented in the activities of enterprises of various forms of ownership and government agencies in terms of implementing measures to create a favorable environment for business development.