Copyright Problems Research Articles

Evaluation of the Quality of Otolaryngology Information on Persian Websites.

Introduction:More and more patients are using the Internet to achieve information these days. Most patients (85%) use search engines to look for information about health. The quality of this information that patients encounter is highly different. This study aimed to assess the quality of information that an ear, nose, and throat patient would encounter when searching for information about their problem.Materials and Methods:The Persian keywords of most common otolaryngology problems were searched in Google. Moreover, the first 10 websites were selected by each search for the analysis using the DISCERN instrument. This instrument is made to evaluate the comprehensiveness and quality of health-related websites.Results:A total of 100 websites were evaluated in this study. However, 12 (12%) websites were excluded from further analysis due to copyright problems, advertisements, traditional treatments, and other reasons. The total DISCERN score for all 88 evaluated websites was obtained at 1.89 (SD=0.49). Moreover, the highest and lowest scores were 3.66 and 1.21, respectively. The search for “otitis treatment” had the highest results (mean DISCERN score=2.20, SD=0.38). The statistical analysis showed that the mean score for the Wikipedia.com Persian website was significantly higher, compared to the other Persian websites (P< 0.001).Conclusion:Persian websites have information with variable quality for the treatment of otolaryngology problems. Repeated websites, such as Wikipedia.com provided better information; however, the total quality of information was not satisfying.

A beginning and historical development of system of the required copy in Germany in the XV—XXI centuries

An article has іnterdisciplinary character and is at the interface of the document science, a history of the librarianship in Germany as well аs sectoral law written. The objects of study in the article are a hіstorical development of system of the obligatory copies in Germany from the age of modern history and legislation in the domain of addition of the obligatory copies of new published editions in the cource of last centuries. A serious consideration is to the struktur of distribution of the obligatory copies of publications as the whole as their certain types to the national, state and partly regional lіbraries paid. A insufficient elaborated legislation has as a consequence, the problems like a collecting of lіbraries with the Іnternet publicatіons or jurіdical aspects in the branch of carriage of the electronic publіcations are before now not fully investigated. An author describe generalized the ways for an addition of new electronic publications to the library and Web-Harvesting as a modern method for the arciving of the published works and their keeping as Іnternet forms. Moreover take place other topical problems in the brance of obligatory copies in Germany in the early 21st century, but they are today either up to now insufficiently investigated or aren't in general studed. Among their are the problem of copyright and your conform to the Internet publications and also a problem of competition. The quention arises: can the Internet publications as a source for the gratification of information needs with classical institutions like the libraries, archives or museums compete?

A Case Study on the Adjustment of Story Copyright Problems in Internet Game Broadcasting Media

A Case Study on the Adjustment of Story Copyright Problems in Internet Game Broadcasting Media

Academic and postgraduate student awareness of digital product copyright issues

The presentation and sharing of information, especially in digital environments, have become significantly easier with information and communication technologies and this has caused an increase in copyright problems. The aim of this study is to reveal the levels of awareness of academic and postgraduate students of copyrights in relation to digital products. The survey model was used in research conducted with the participation of academicians working at different universities in Turkey and postgraduate students in the 2018-2019 academic year. According to the findings, the knowledge level of the participants regarding copyrights, license agreements and fair use is moderate, their knowledge level about open source software, free software and copyleft is low, and they do not commit copyright infringements apart from downloading computer programs. Those working in the field of informatics commit more copyright infringement than others (such as using unlicensed software, distributing license serial numbers, illegally downloading music, videos etc., using without reference), as also do those in the 20-25 age range. The majority of participants stated that policies to prevent infringement of copyright digital products were insufficient, there is a lack of information about enforcement and their reasons for the situation include the belief in not getting caught and no one getting hurt, as well as not seeing it as a crime.

Cracking the Copyright Dilemma in Software Preservation

Copyright problems may inhibit the crucially important work of preserving legacy software. Such software is worthy of study in its own right because it is critical to accessing digital culture and expression. Preservation work is essential for communicating across boundaries of the past and present in a digital era. Software preservationists in the United States have addressed their copyright problems by developing a code of best practices in employing fair use. Their work is an example of how collective action by users of law changes the norms and beliefs about law, which can in turn change the law itself insofar as the law takes account of community norms and practices. The work of creating the code involved facilitators who are communication, information sciences, and legal scholars and practitioners. Thus, the creation of the code is also an example of crossing the boundaries between technology and policy research.

Withered Peach Blossoms —— A Discussion for the Phenomenon of a Poor Sense of Copyright in Chinese Youth Netizens and the Suggestion Contents

This proposal expresses a standpoint concerning a discussion for the phenomenon of a poor sense of copyright in Chinese youth netizens and the suggestion. The phenomenon of a poor sense of copyright in Chinese youth netizens has disadvantages. By analyzing it, a clear status of Chinese youth netizens' problems on the poor sense of copyright will be shown. At the same time, when we consider a discussion for the phenomenon of a poor sense of copyright in Chinese youth netizens and the suggestion, we must address several main reasons that contribute to problem. These include cultural tradition restriction, incomprehensive market system, inappropriate price incentive, imperfective legal institutions and indifference education system. It is valuable for the originators feel free to create better works. Meanwhile, those factors are essential for Chinese youth netizens to consider the way to be cultivated the right spending habits. Only by analyzing all these factors together and then using these results to apply to intensity notional cultural competitiveness and form an innovative market. This paper is organized as follows: The first part will outline the poor sense of copyright in Chinese youth netizens' case studies and analyze. The second part is an introduction of the problems of the phenomenon of a poor sense of copyright in Chinese youth netizens. The reasons causing the problems are analyzed in part three. Some proposals to overcome copyright problem will be advocated in last part. This study found that enhancing copyright awareness is a very complex task for Chinese youth netizens. Cultural tradition restriction, incomprehensive market system, inappropriate price incentive, imperfective legal institutions and indifference education system are all factors which bring difficulties to promote copyright awareness in Chinese youth netizens. Combined those factors with four problems of the phenomenon in China, I offer appropriate suggestions to overcome problems and help youth netizens acquire the knowledge of copyright.

Construction and Planning of Library Service Facilities System Based on Public Digital Culture Education in International Cultural Metropolis

To study the construction and planning of the library service facility system based on public digital culture teaching in international cultural metropolises, the main body of resources construction, channels, selection criteria, construction standards, user service policies, service methods and service objects of the National Digital Library of Russia were analyzed. The construction foundation, policy support and digital resource construction of the Chinese and Russian national digital libraries were compared. The results showed that the problem of digital copyright was solved while the library community was constructing digital resources according to the existing rules. Therefore, this method has certain implications for the construction of digital libraries in metropolitan areas in China.

Mundane Content on Social Media: Creation, Circulation, and the Copyright Problem

This article examines the practices of social media users and explores how people value, protect, and circulate content on social media platforms. Legal scholarship shows us that much of the mundane online distribution and consumption of media infringes copyright law and as a result raises complex questions around the distribution and circulation of content. Through exploring this misalignment between copyright law and everyday social media practices, this article identifies existing norms on social media platforms and asks whether they could provide guidance for a future copyright reform agenda. Drawing on a series of group interviews with people who identified as regular users of social media, we explored emergent norms of attribution and circulation. Applying a grounded theory approach, an emergent thematic analysis of the data uncovered a range of responses coalescing around the themes of attribution, platform norms, and commercialization. The data show that people make complex and nuanced decisions around when they should attribute content, seek permission to use content, or allow others to use their content. We suggest that these decisions are informed by the vernaculars of each platform and a critical assessment of the broader commercial logics of social media, which results in many people placing a greater importance around attribution. The authors conclude by proposing that rather than stretching the logic of a legal framework that is increasingly not fit for purpose for everyday social media content distribution, policymakers should take into account these emergent practices on social media platforms when considering reform opportunities.

The study of security application of LOGO recognition technology in sports video

With the rapid development of information technology and network technology and the rapid popularization of computers and intelligent devices, network video media have gradually replaced traditional media and became the main carrier of information production, storage, dissemination, sharing, and use. However, digital information can be easily copied, modified, and disseminated, which leads to the problem of network video copyright theft which is very prominent. Aiming at the copyright problem of sports video, this paper proposes an idea of using LOGO to identify the copyright of sports video, which can automatically and effectively detect whether the video is genuine or not. Firstly, encrypted LOGO is added to the video by encryption technology, and then, LOGO recognition technology is used to distinguish whether the LOGO is missing in the video, so as to distinguish the legitimacy of the video. In addition, aiming at the shortcomings of traditional LOGO recognition technology, this paper proposes a LOGO detection and recognition technology based on convolution neural network. This method improves the traditional histogram algorithm, proposes an analysis algorithm based on non-uniform block HSV histogram, and introduces region weighting coefficients to extract key frames from the video. Then, the convolution neural network is used to extract the features of the key frames of the video. Finally, the features of the sample LOGO are matched to complete the LOGO detection and recognition. Simulation results show that the effect of feature extraction using convolution neural network is better. Compared with the traditional LOGO recognition technology, the LOGO detection and recognition technology based on convolution neural network proposed in this paper has better detection and recognition performance. It effectively detects the LOGO information in the video and realizes the recognition of whether the video is genuine or not.

A blind image watermarking algorithm based on amalgamation domain method

Combining with the spatial domain and the frequency domain, a novel blind digital image watermarking algorithm is proposed to resolve the protecting copyright problem in this paper. When embedding watermark, the generation principle and distribution features of direct current (DC) coefficient are utilised to directly modify the pixel values in the spatial domain, then four different sub-watermarks are embedded into different areas of the host image for four times, respectively. When extracting watermark, the sub-watermark is extracted with blind manner according to DC coefficients of watermarked image and the key-based quantisation step, and then the statistical rule and first to select, second to combine are proposed to form the final watermark. Hence, the proposed algorithm not only has the simple and quick performance of the spatial domain but also has the high robustness feature of DCT domain. Many experimental results have proved that the proposed watermarking algorithm has good invisibility of watermark and strong robustness for many added attacks, e.g., JPEG compression, cropping, adding noise, etc. Comparison results also have shown the benefits of the proposed algorithm.

A blind image watermarking algorithm based on amalgamation domain method

Combining with the spatial domain and the frequency domain, a novel blind digital image watermarking algorithm is proposed to resolve the protecting copyright problem in this paper. When embedding watermark, the generation principle and distribution features of direct current (DC) coefficient are utilised to directly modify the pixel values in the spatial domain, then four different sub-watermarks are embedded into different areas of the host image for four times, respectively. When extracting watermark, the sub-watermark is extracted with blind manner according to DC coefficients of watermarked image and the key-based quantisation step, and then the statistical rule and "first to select, second to combine" are proposed to form the final watermark. Hence, the proposed algorithm not only has the simple and quick performance of the spatial domain but also has the high robustness feature of DCT domain. Many experimental results have proved that the proposed watermarking algorithm has good invisibility of watermark and strong robustness for many added attacks, e.g., JPEG compression, cropping, adding noise, etc. Comparison results also have shown the benefits of the proposed algorithm.

Designing the single knowledge space based on network-centric information infrastructure in the modern age of digital economy development (Annual paper presented to the Fourth World Professional Forum «Crimea-2018»)

Traditionally, the annual report opens the World Professional Crimea Forum. Primarily, the speaker focuses on the concept of digital economy interpreted as the economic relations system based on the digital information and communication technologies. The Program “Digital economy of the Russian Federation” is reviewed. Several concepts, e. g. bitcoin and blockchain, Industry 4.0, New Internet, etc., are defined. The current problems of the Internet are examined, in particular, the lack of the single management and development center. The statistical data on the profile and involvement of the internet users is reported. Special attention is given to using Internet in Russia and the related problem of copyright in Russia and worldwide. The role of open access in building the knowledge environment and the role of the main contributors to the process, namely, publishers, libraries, educational institutions, are emphasized. Online education and accessible seamless education environment are specified as the main trends in education, The key vectors of developing knowledge content and its application in the digital environment are defined, these are: inclusiveness, artificial intelligence and green (sustainable) libraries, etc. The current situation in the global book market is evaluated on the basis of the results of the London Book Fair 2018. The project “The modern digital educational environment in the Russian Federation” is examined along with the projected results. The role of the National Electronic Library as the major innovative library project and the national information system is emphasized. The author concludes that the libraries of the future become an essential part of the national and global information infrastructure.

디지털 환경에서 뉴스콘텐츠의 저작권 문제

디지털 환경에서 뉴스콘텐츠의 저작권 문제

Islamic Law and Copyright In Academic World: The Dynamic Debates between Privatization and Distribution of Knowledge

The article explores copyright problem dynamic in a globalized academic world, especially in the Muslim worlds. The discussed issue in this paper is a conflict of interest between knowledge privatization and distribution, and its relation to the Islamic norms. This paper argues that the main problem of the concept is that the discourse is dominated by the idea of knowledge privatization by the publishers as capitalists, supported by the Government through the policy represented in Copyright law. This study finds that there are several movements emerged in response to the development of copyright law. At least, there are two stream movements; anti copyright movement and movement which demand copyright reform. By presenting examples of copyright resistance movements in the academic world such as Sci-Hub, Libgen, A2K movement, and some copyright experiences in the Muslim world, this article will be guided by Foucauldian genealogical discourse theory. This article confirms that the interests of publishers and academic interests are two things that are difficult to discuss in order to achieve a win win solution. While copyright laws favor the ruling interests of things, it does not fully effective in handling the legal cases on academic and non-profit matters. Besides, Islamic law has its own ambivalence to the copyright case. On the one hand, Islam advocates the widespread dissemination of knowledge, but on the other hand the Muslim worlds have to limit the spread of the sciences in accordance with the interests of intellectual property rights.Keywords: Intellectual Property right, Islam and copyright, privatization of knowledge.

Calculating the consequences of narrow Australian copyright exceptions: Measurable, hidden and incalculable costs to creators

The kind and extent of exceptions and limitations to copyright monopolies are a major focus of copyright reform discussion worldwide. The debate is often portrayed as pitting the interests of creators against users. Australian copyright law features narrow and limited exceptions. Australian creators benefit from copyright monopolies; but do they suffer any costs for lack of flexible exceptions? A national survey of creators showed that they experience significant costs in time and money in making work; avoid or abandon projects because of copyright problems; and avoid developing ideas for projects that involve use of third-party copyrighted materials. These costs have previously been uncalculated and not included in national policy debate. The results provide information not only for the Australian context but for policy discussion internationally.

HICK, DARREN HUDSON. Artistic License: The Philosophical Problems of Copyright and Appropriation. The University of Chicago Press, 2017, viii + 231 pp., $30.00 paper.

HICK, DARREN HUDSON. Artistic License: The Philosophical Problems of Copyright and Appropriation. The University of Chicago Press, 2017, viii + 231 pp., $30.00 paper.

Darren Hudson Hick. Artistic License: The Philosophical Problems of Copyright and Appropriation. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2017. 240 pp.

Darren Hudson Hick. <i>Artistic License: The Philosophical Problems of Copyright and Appropriation</i>. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2017. 240 pp.

The Realist Author and Sympathetic Imagination

The Realist Author and Sympathetic Imagination

From New York to Shanghai: Global Modernism, Cheap Reprint Series and Copyright

This article focuses on the international expansion of modern literature in the early twentieth century through the examples of cheap reprint series published in the United States (the Modern Library), Britain (the Phoenix Library), and Continental Europe (Albatross). Since these series published all kinds of texts (‘high’, ‘low’, and ‘middlebrow’), ‘modern literature’ is defined broadly, to include difficult modernist texts and popular literature. Cheap reprint series created in the fifteen years from 1917 to 1932 opened up new markets for texts by James Joyce, Virginia Woolf, and other writers previously associated with little magazines and small presses. Books have no borders, copyright issues aside. And copyright proved a big headache for the owners of these series, leading to honest mistakes and serious disagreements. The story of modernism as an international product sold to the world is not complete without an overview of copyright issues. The central argument is that copyright problems limited the reach of cheap reprint series and slowed down the international expansion of the new literature. It is not a coincidence that one of the most dynamic markets for modern literature was the Far East, where Anglophone publishers could trade books without restrictions. Continental Europe is another example of a market where the low barriers to access stimulated intense competition and the launch of innovative series such as Albatross Modern Continental Library.

Higher schools’ collaborating with computerized library system aggregators

The authors discuss partnership model of the higher school and aggregators of digital library systems, university structures, including the library, as well as undergraduates and faculty staff of Kemerovo State Institute of Culture in promoting and distributing the Institute’s digital versions of printed publications. It is emphasized that using the Database enables the faculty to comply with the Federal Higher Education Standard requirements, and to use digital versions of documents unavailable in printed format. The project is intended to consolidate the authority of KSIC science and pedagogical schools and to make its science and learning publications accessible. It is also expected to solve the copyright problems (signing agreements with ELS aggregators and licenses with thew faculty), to increase eLibrary.ru science citation index for the authors at Kemerovo State Institute of Culture. The quality operational efficiency of user services are to follow. The strategy of project implementation, applied regulations and standards, publication distributions statistics, 4-year monitoring findings, interaction with eLibrary.ru, as well as its economic and social impact, are discussed.