Administrative Problems Research Articles

PRÁTICAS INTEGRATIVAS E COMPLEMENTARES EM SAÚDE E SEGURANÇA DO PACIENTE NA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA À SAÚDE

Patient safety is a fundamental aspect of healthcare quality, particularly in Primary Health Care (PHC), which is responsible for a significant portion of the healthcare provided to the population. Recent studies indicate that a considerable percentage of consultations in PHC result in patient safety incidents, including diagnostic errors, medication administration problems, and communication failures between professionals and patients. This study adopts a bibliographic review methodology, analyzing data from sources such as PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, focusing on articles published between 2010 and 2024. The objective is to investigate the influence of National Policies on Integrative and Complementary Practices in Health (ICPS) on patient safety in PHC. The research reveals that the adoption of ICPs contributes to improving patient safety in PHC, aligning with a contemporary health perspective that goes beyond the absence of disease, promoting overall well-being. This study suggests that the integration of ICPS in PHC can transform patients into active participants in the care process, indicating a significant advancement in care quality and health promotion.

Thermochemical Techniques for Disposal of Municipal Solid Waste Based on the Intuitionistic Fuzzy Hypersoft Evaluation Based on the Distance from the Average Solution Technique

The processing and disposal of municipal solid waste (MSW) are global problems, particularly in low- to middle-income states like Pakistan. These economic systems will need to tackle problems regarding municipal solid waste disposal to accomplish a sustainable future in waste management. Still, the determination of MSW procedures is frequently influenced by unstable, vague, and inadequately stated criteria. To deal with this issue, we designed an interactive model that uses intuitionistic fuzzy hypersoft sets (IFHSSs) to find the optimal thermochemical processing system for MSW. The main objective of this research is to define interactional operational laws for intuitionistic fuzzy hypersoft numbers and to use these laws to build interaction aggregation operators (AOs) and ordered AOs along with their basic characteristics. Based on developed operators, a novel Evaluation Based on the Distance from the Average Solution (EDAS) technique is proposed to integrate multiple attribute group decision making (MAGDM) issues. The suggested strategy is used to analyze five thermochemical treatment techniques for MSW, using a case study focusing on Pakistan’s particular MSW administration problems to choose the most economical technique. Therefore, the new structure is assessed with established methodologies to illustrate its stability. The comparison of results proves that the implications of the stated approach will be more effective and capable than the existing approaches.

Implementation of a Digitalized Work System in the Administration Process for ADF and Stock Minus Submission Using the AppSheet Application

Administration in a company is essential. Every day, the administration department is bustling, submitting damaged goods and negative stock. However, there are shortcomings in the administrative process, which still uses a manual method, namely using a logbook, so that the queue to submit damaged goods and the completion of stock minus becomes long and inefficient. The purpose of this study is to provide solutions to the administrative process problems. One way to increase the speed of the administrative process is to implement a digitalization system that employees can use. The data collection method used in this study is by conducting observations and interviews with employees. The implementation of this study is to make two app-sheet-based prototypes that cover the needs in submitting ADF for damaged goods and minus stock so that, from the results of this implementation, the administrative process runs quickly and efficiently.

КОНСОЛИДИРОВАННАЯ МОДЕЛЬ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ РЕГИОНАЛЬНОЙ ВЛАСТИ КАК ФАКТОРОВ ЭФФЕКТИВНОГО УПРАВЛЕНИЯ РЕГИОНОМ

Over the past few years, the landscape of the Russian state’s politics has changed radically. Foreign policy threats have affected both the national and sub-national levels, whose authorities have had to adapt to the new environment and develop new approaches to solving unprecedented problems. In this regard the problem of effective public administration of the region has become even more urgent, and the thesis that the effectiveness of governance depends on the development of the system of organisation of public authority in a particular subject is beyond doubt. There are many factors that contribute to the efficiency of public administration, but within the framework of this paper it is proposed to consider one of them, namely, the model of interaction between regional executive and legislative authorities, since at present the constitutional principle of separation of powers is designed to ensure the systemic nature of achieving the overall state goals. The author proposes to consider the consolidated model of interaction between regional executive and legislative authorities as a factor of effective regional governance, in which the actual power is concentrated within one body of state power. The subjects of the Russian Federation analysed are the Leningrad Oblast and the Republic of Tatarstan. These are two regions that for a long time have been recognised leaders by the criterion of regional public administration efficiency. Based on these cases the factors that contribute to the formation of a consolidated model of interaction between regional executive and legislative authorities are highlighted, and the relationship between the model of interaction between regional authorities and the effectiveness of public administration is analysed.

A Review on Application of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles as Biocide, Problems of Administration, and Improved Delivery Techniques

The incorporation of nanoparticles is trending in a wide range of applications for its antimicrobial properties. The antimicrobial properties, potency, and risk of ZnO nanoparticle have been assessed and justified for its efficacy in different applications. However, there is an existing gap between lab scale and on-site usage due to colloidal stability of the nanoparticles. Despite exhibiting antimicrobial properties under controlled laboratory condition, sensitivity of nanoparticles to ambient condition might reduce or negate its potency under different administered conditions. It is envisaged that encapsulation of zinc oxide nanoparticle shall improve its stability and enhance its performance as biocide. This review paper delves into the attack mechanism of ZnO nanoparticles against different bacteria, fungus, and viruses. In addition, dissolution properties and colloidal stability of nanoparticles, flaws with direct administration of nanoparticles in solid particles form and the current trend in delivery of ZnO nanoparticles were discussed to emphasize the importance of material preservation for performance maximization.

Analysis of the Use of the Sipadu Application by Civil Servants in Manokwari Regency for Administrative Efficiency in Attendance Management

This study aims to analyze the Sipadu application in the Manokwari Regency implemented by Civil Servants (PNS) to increase the administrative efficiency of absenteeism. Before the application came into action, absenteeism was controlled through attendance books or paper forms and everything took more time, then it was necessary to validate and adjust the data manually. The sheer volume of paper and equipment, managing, processing, and storing the attendance data also represented additional costs. The introduction of the Sipadu application shifted attendance recording from manual to automated system, so data entry and processing can be done in real time, paper and administrative equipment can be minimized, and the administrative process can be automated. According to the results of this study, attendance processing using the Sipadu application is faster, data accuracy is increased, and operational costs are reduced. Moreover, since there are automatic verifications in the application, the chances of repetition and tampering with data is reduced to keep the application transparent and reliable. Increasing employee satisfaction, as they are more focused on their activities no longer disturbed by absence input as a result of the benefits of implementing Sipadu linked with the attendance system that are efficient and transparent. This research shows that the Sipadu application as information technology solves the problems of absenteeism administration and public sector efficiency.

Developing a team of district-level civil servants in Hai Phong city according to the model of a developmental state

The article discusses the important role of developing the district-level civil servant team in Hai Phong city in the context of building a developmental state. District-level civil servants not only implement the policies of the Party and the State but also play the role of a bridge between the State and the people, directly solving basic administrative problems and reflecting the aspirations of the people to the superior agencies. In the context of the current requirements of innovation and international integration, the development of the district-level civil servant team has become a key factor to improve the efficiency of the state administrative apparatus. The article analyzes the current situation of the district-level civil servant team in Hai Phong, from professional qualifications, capacity, to work motivation and the management system, evaluating work efficiency. Although there have been many steps forward in improving the quality of the team, there are still some limitations, including lack of work motivation, uneven qualifications, and an imperfect management mechanism. To improve work efficiency and meet the requirements of the model of a developmental state, the article proposes solutions such as: Strengthening training and professional development for district-level civil servants, especially skills in applying information technology and modern management. Encouraging work motivation through improving remuneration policies, creating a friendly and transparent working environment. Building a clear and fair performance evaluation system, in order to properly recognize the contributions of civil servants. These solutions aim to build a professional, modern and effective local administration, contributing to improving the quality of service to the people and ensuring sustainable development for Hai Phong city in the future.

Humanitarian aid practices on the Thai-Myanmar border after the coup: beyond depoliticization and inequality

Since the military coup in Myanmar in February 2021, conflicts have escalated, leading to a contraction of humanitarian space. While local actors have increasingly played a crucial role in adapting to the crisis, they encounter significant constraints within the aid system. This study explores the complex dilemmas of humanitarian aid localization on the Thailand-Myanmar border, focusing on challenges related to unequal power dynamics and depoliticized bureaucratic practices. The research finds that bureaucratic and managerial approaches to depoliticization limit the autonomy of local actors, impair their decision-making capabilities, and reduce humanitarian issues to technical and administrative problems, neglecting the intricate political context of the border crisis. The tension between control and flexibility, intertwined with systemic inequalities, further marginalizes the political subjectivity of refugees, and hinders the effective advancement of the localization process. This paper argues that reforming the humanitarian aid system should shift beyond depoliticization and inequality, emphasizing the importance of respecting marginalized subjectivities to establish a genuine foundation of trust and achieve aid justice.

대학축구팀 운영시스템에 관한 개선방안 연구

This study used focus group interviews in a qualitative research study to explore the problems and improvements in the management system of a college soccer team. The participants of this study were six college soccer team managers. Focus group interviews were conducted to collect data, and thematic coding was applied to refine categories and subcategories. The findings of this study are as follows. First, the study revealed the administrative, financial, and support problems of college soccer. Second, the problems of player selection and career paths were presented. Third, we found problems with student life management, academic management, and athlete education. Fourth, we presented issues related to coaches' salaries, working environment, and coaches' job security. Fifth, for efficient operation, they suggested ways to improve operations, entrance examination system and employment, athlete management, and treatment of coaches.

Общая характеристика административной ответственности и проблемы ее применения

Общая характеристика административной ответственности и проблемы ее применения

The Potential of the Society 5.0 Strategy to Be a Solution to the Political and Structural Problems of Countries: The Case of Türkiye

Türkiye is making great efforts to generate new projects within the scope of the “Türkiye Century” strategy, with the aim of increasing its effectiveness in the international community and the welfare of its citizens. In this respect, it is of great importance to conduct new studies and develop suggestions to further increase the effectiveness of new projects. This study seeks to provide a solution to the problems in politics, education, economy, public administration, justice, and corruption identified and reported by international organizations such as the OECD, the European Union, and the public institutions of the Republic of Türkiye, by associating them with the Society 5.0 strategy. The study aims to test the applicability of Society 5.0 in solving these problems through structural equation modeling using niche innovation and convergent stakeholder theories. In the light of the data obtained, it is realized that Society 5.0 has an effect on all the other variables except for one and the policy variable mediates this situation. In this regard, in accordance with the findings, it can be stated that Society 5.0 can be regarded as a significant alternative for solving the problems experienced on a suitable political basis.

Short-term outcome of personalized theory-based pharmaceutical care service on the medication administration problems of family caregivers: a pre-post intervention study.

Family caregivers face many problems during administration of medications. Pharmacists are reliable and accessible healthcare providers in addressing family caregivers' medication related inquiries in primary care. This study aimed to evaluate theshort-term outcome of apersonalized theory-based pharmaceutical care service on the medication administration problems of family caregivers. This pre-post intervention study was carried out among family caregivers at a community pharmacy in Istanbul, Türkiye from May through December 2022. The service was developed by mapping problems using theTheoretical Domains Framework and selecting related behavioural change techniques. The primary outcome was the change in the scores on the Turkish version of the Family Caregiver Medication Administration Hassles Scale (FCMAHS-TR) from baseline to the one-month follow-up assessment. Secondary outcomes were their ability to read health related materials, care burden, and satisfaction. Among family caregivers (n = 100), total score of FCMAHS-TR was significantly reduced after receiving theory based pharmaceutical care service (median [IQR]23.0 [17.0-27.0] vs 17.0 [10.3-20.0]; p < 0.001). The proportion of family caregivers with high ability to read health related materials was significantly increased (34.0% vs 48.0%; p < 0.05) with non-significant change in the proportion of family caregiver with high burden (97.0% vs 94.0%; p > 0.05). Younger family caregivers had significantly higher scores on the Turkish version of Patient-Oriented Pharmacy Services Questionnaire (PSPSQ) 2.0 when compared with the older ones (≥ 65 y) (p < 0.05). Family caregivers' medication administration problems werereduced after receiving thetheory based pharmaceutical care service. Long term impact and national implementation of this service should be assessed in the further studies.

Perceived quality of maternal care and its barriers based on women's perspective in hospitals of Northwest Ethiopia: a qualitative study.

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in health focus on achieving equity to reduce maternal mortality disparities among subpopulations globally. The goal is to lower the maternal mortality ratio (MMR) to below 70 per 100,000 live births by 2030 for countries with an MMR below 420 in 2010. For those exceeding 420, the target is to keep the MMR below 140 by 2030. This target could not be achieved unless quality maternal health care service is implemented in all health care settings. This study aimed to assess the quality of maternal care and perceived barriers based on women's perspectives among women who receive delivery services in hospitals of South Gondar Zone, Northwest, Ethiopia. A phenomenological method was implemented to explore women's perspectives on quality maternal care and its perceived barriers. An in-depth interview (IDI) was used to collect data using a semi-structured in-depth interview guide. The study was conducted from January 1-30, 2021. All in-depth interview notes were translated into meaningful notes. Then notes were organized by coding texts into meaningful elements using open code version 4.03 software. The majority (14 in 20) tried to interpret quality care in terms of respect during procedures, providing family support, and timely care. Some (6 in 20) tried to associate quality care with the competency of care providers, the cleanliness of the procedure, and privacy during care. With regards to perceived barriers to quality care, the majority (15 in 20) of the IDI participants agreed that a high caseload, limited drugs, and administrative problems were barriers to providing quality maternal care. Participants articulate a multifaceted understanding of quality maternal care that encompasses emotional support, accessibility, cleanliness, timely interventions, and respectful treatment. They also identify significant barriers that stem from facility limitations, provider attitudes and knowledge, and administrative inefficiencies. Addressing these barriers is essential for enhancing the quality of maternal health services.

A size-switchable microsphere loaded with salmon calcitonin as two-weekly dosing for osteoporosis therapy

Osteoporosis is a disease with an increased incidence of fractures due to decreased bone mass and destruction of the microstructure of bone tissue. Salmon calcitonin (sCT), as a peptide, possesses the ability to inhibit osteoclast activity and thus regulate bone metabolism in clinical. However, short half-life and unstable physicochemical properties leading to rapid degradation of sCT have severely limited its clinical application. In this study, a size-switchable microsphere was developed to solve the problem of frequent administration and poor stability of sCT. sCT was encapsulated into Egg PC to form anhydrous reverse micelles (ARM) and then ARM was encapsulated into microspheres (MS@ARM). The degradable composite microspheres were utilized to provide a drug reservoir for sustained release of ARM encapsulated with sCT to reduce the frequency of drug administration, while the released ARM encapsulated with sCT entered the blood circulation to further protect sCT. In vitro release experiments demonstrated that the microspheres could sustain the release of sCT for at least 16 days. The microspheres MS@ARM showed the advanced therapeutic effect on the mouse model of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) at a low dosing frequency. The size-switchable microsphere is expected to be a new strategy for delivering sCT for osteoporosis treatment.

Tingkat Kepuasan Masyarakat dalam Pelayanan Kesehatan di Provinsi Maluku Utara: Studi Kasus RSUD. Chasan Boesoiri

Purpose: This research aims to identify and analyze the quality of health services in North Maluku Province, the level of community satisfaction with these services, and the role of the government in encouraging efforts to improve health services. Methodology/approach: The data was analyzed using descriptive and qualitative statistical analysis frameworks. Descriptive statistics analyze variables presented in frequency distributions, both in absolute numbers and percentages. Results/findings: The research results show that there are still various aspects of government health services that require improvement, such as administrative problems, medical personnel, equipment, and supporting facilities. Public complaints include medical costs not commensurate with services, a less clean and comfortable environment, and service delays due to a lack of medical personnel. Limitations: Factors such as demographic differences and economic conditions have not been explored, nor have service provider perspectives that could provide insight into internal constraints. This limitation must be considered in further research with more diverse methods and data. Contribution: These findings can be a basis for policymakers in designing strategies for improving health services, including more appropriate budget allocation and improved procedures. This research also opens opportunities to explore demographic factors and service provider perspectives to enrich understanding of challenges and solutions in the health system.

Цифровая трансформация государственной службы в Узбекистане в условиях новой глобализации: мнение студентов

The article raises the problems of public administration in the context of digitalization and new globalization, which the population faces when interacting with civil servants in the Republic of Uzbekistan. The role of digital technologies in the public administration system is demonstrated in order to improve the quality of public services and the efficiency of interaction between the state, business and society. The authors focus on the positive results of introducing digital technologies into public administration in the Republic of Uzbekistan. The place of digitalization in modern society in the opinion of students is shown, the features of the digitalization of public administration are studied, the advantages and disadvantages of introducing digital technologies into the public service are identified, and the reasons that hinder the digital transformation of public administration in the Republic of Uzbekistan are identified. The article presents the main results of a content analysis of the opinions of students from Uzbekistan on the digitalization of public administration, the advantages of introducing digital technologies, and lists proposals for increasing the efficiency of civil servants. The main problem areas according to young people are shown. The object of the study was the process of digital transformation of the civil service of Uzbekistan in the context of new globalization. Based on the analysis, it has been demonstrated that the processes of informatization and digitalization both in Russia and Uzbekistan within the framework of public administration affect the entire management environment, since they allow states to increase their efficiency through information and digital technologies.

Identifying the Administrative Problems Encountered by Secondary School Principals in Agbani Education Zone

This study aims to identify and analyze the administrative problems encountered by secondary school principals in the Agbani Education Zone. The research adopts a descriptive survey design, focusing on 594 respondents, including both principals and teachers, from a population of 1,142. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire, validated by experts, with reliability established using Cronbach’s alpha. The study is guided by two research questions and two hypotheses, tested at a 0.05 level of significance. The analysis utilized mean, standard deviation, and t-tests to evaluate the perceptions of principals and teachers regarding administrative challenges. Key findings indicate that secondary school principals face significant challenges, including truancy, indiscipline among students and staff, poor communication facilities, and inadequate financial resources. These issues were found to detrimentally affect school administration and educational delivery. To address these challenges, the study suggests several strategies, including organizing regular seminars and workshops for principals, involving parents more actively in the administrative process, and improving communication facilities within schools. The study concludes that addressing these administrative issues is essential for improving educational outcomes and overall school management in the Agbani Education Zone. The proposed strategies aim to enhance the leadership capabilities of principals, foster a collaborative environment among stakeholders, and ultimately improve the quality of education in the region. These recommendations underscore the need for a comprehensive approach involving all stakeholders, including government authorities, to create a supportive and effective educational environment.

Zoning of the Lower Volga Region and Formation of Territory, Okrug, District and Rural Bodies of Soviet Authority in 1928: First Stage

Introduction. The article examines the process of formation of the Lower Volga region and Soviet authorities at the level of regional, district, and rural administration at the first stage of zoning (before the liquidation of okrugs). Methods and materials. The research was carried out based on traditional methods of historical research (historical-genetic, retrospective, historical-systemic, and historical-comparative). The use of an array of unpublished archival documents stored in the State Archives of the Volgograd Region and the Documentation Center for Contemporary History of the Volgograd Region, and materials from periodicals and legislative sources of government bodies of the USSR and the RSFSR, greatly facilitated the research process. Analysis. The study is aimed at identifying the regional specifics of the zoning process and the accompanying process of formation of Soviet authorities (at the level of councils and executive committees of councils of the Lower Volga region). Results. The zoning of the Lower Volga region already at the first stage revealed a range of problems, the systematic solution of which in the future will make it possible to transform the agricultural region into the industrial center of the Volga region. In the process of reform, along with positive aspects – the reduction in cost of the management apparatus, the bringing closer to the population of Soviet authorities endowed with significant powers (district executive committees and councils) – there were also clearly negative consequences. The distance of rural councils from middle management and the consolidation of individual rural councils, on the one hand, led to the planned reduction of hardware costs but, on the other hand, excluded remote villages from active public life. Districts became the main operational unit of economic and Soviet work in the region. There were several issues to address, including the imbalance between districts with different population sizes, from small ones with just over 2,000 people to large ones with populations approaching 100,000. Additionally, there was a lack of communication between administrative units and personnel problems, which emerged as a significant hurdle in the development of district and rural Soviet administration at the second stage of zoning (in the conditions of the liquidation of okrugs).

Perceived outcomes of medical teaching institute reforms: insights from management, faculty, and administration in Pakistani tertiary health care

ObjectiveThe study aims to explore the perceived outcomes of Medical Teaching Institution (MTI) reforms on autonomy and overall performance within tertiary healthcare institutions in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) province, Pakistan.MethodologyA cross-sectional study was carried out from September 2023 to March 2024, involving interviews with frontline staff, administrative personnel, and senior management within MTI-affiliated institutions. The methodology employed, using both qualitative and quantitative data analysis techniques.ResultsThe study showed that institutional staff members’ knowledge and understanding of the MTI changes differed. Some observed very minor adjustments, while others saw advances in hospital operations and service delivery. Administrative complexity, political meddling, and resource allocation problems were noted as challenges. Positive results were also observed, though, and they included improved infrastructure, possibilities for staff training, and decision-making procedures.ConclusionDespite significant improved, there are still challenges, such as inconsistent staff comprehension, mixed impacts on service delivery, resource allocation issues, and political meddling. Addressing these issues necessitates improved communication, continuous evaluation, and coordinated efforts to improve administrative systems and obtain consistent funding.

Telemedicine's Hesitant Reception Among Digital Natives: A Cluster Analysis of Polish Students' Attitudes.

Objective: As digital natives appear to be the most suitable target group for technological innovations, we tested this notion by analyzing their attitude toward the implementation of telemedicine in Poland. Methods: An online survey was conducted from April to October 2021, yielding responses from 475 university students on their experience with teleconsultations, which are an essential part of telemedicine. Satisfaction-related questions were used to perform cluster analysis, and subsequently, clusters were compared based on significant differences in responses including sociodemographic and utilization patterns. Open-ended questions were analyzed to further gauge the rationale behind the demonstrated attitude. Results: The responses were polarized. In the cluster analysis, on one side were the "Skeptics" and "Enemies," who shared negative opinions on professionalism and convenience, differing only in their assessment of intangible skills. On the other side were the "Enthusiasts," who were satisfied in all categories; the "Indifferent," who lacked strong opinions; and the "Time-pressed," who, while openly admitting its drawbacks, were highly likely to continue using it due to its time-saving potential. Recurring concerns in open-ended questions focused on unreliable diagnoses and uncooperative administrative personnel. Conclusions: The reception was polarized. The split in answers suggests that administrative problems were limited to some providers, indicating they should be possible to overcome. There is a clear pattern that telemedicine is seen as an incomplete service. However, many would happily continue to use it due to its convenience and time-saving benefits.