Problematic Transition Research Articles

Problematic transition from residence permit for the purpose of studies to having an employment: Non-EU foreign students from post-Soviet countries and Czech immigration policy

The Czech Republic introduced a migration policy in 1999, and one of the newly emerged residence permits was for the purpose of studies. It allowed non-EU foreign nationals to study in the Czech Republic. However, its rationale was also associated with restricting the permanent settlement of non-EU international students in the country. The policy changed in 2006. However, even up to 2019, it remained challenging for international students to secure permanent residency. In particular, students from post-Soviet countries wanted to settle permanently and had to find a job before graduation to secure their stay. In 2019, the Czech Republic introduced a transitional period for non-EU foreign graduates, enabling them to stay in the country for nine months to find a job. However, despite the advantages, this was late compared to other European countries. This article discusses the situation of non-EU international students before 2019 and the difficulties they experienced due to the complicated transition process from residence permit for the purpose of studies to employee status.

A DFT Study of the VRFB Positive Electrode: Carbon Active Sites for the VO2 +/VO2+ Reaction

The vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) is a promising candidate for use in grid-scale battery applications to support a deeper reliance on intermittent renewable energy. However, it suffers from a sluggish redox reaction at the positive electrode. Previous studies indicate that its performance can be improved by oxidizing a graphene-based carbon electrode and thus increasing the concentration of its oxygen-containing surface sites. While such performance enhancement does not appear to be controversial, the underlying mechanisms is far from being clear. Some authors suggest that this procedure increases the number of electrocatalytically active sites; others simply attribute it to improved wettability. In this ongoing study, we use density functional theory (DFT) to examine the role of hydroxyl and carboxyl groups, as well as free edge carbon atoms, in the oxygen transfer process at the positive electrode. Preliminary results using carefully selected model compounds (with appropriate charge C and spin multiplicity M) indicate that oxygen functional groups are unlikely to be active sites in the electrochemical redox process, which in many respects is analogous to the oxidation reduction reaction (ORR). Both the thermodynamics (less favorable adsorption energy of vanadium oxide) and the kinetics (problematic transition states) are less plausible than in analogous mechanistic steps involving carbene-type active sites. The carbene site was probed through two possible reaction mechanisms: V-down and O-down (see graph below). The former adsorption step is essentially a ‘dead-end’ process. The latter is not only thermodynamically and kinetically more feasible; it is consistent with other oxygen-mediated electron transfer processes occurring on the surface of graphene-based materials, be they catalysts or reactants. Furthermore, it has been shown in such processes that the presence of oxygen functional groups can stabilize and enhance the concentration of free carbene-type sites at graphene edges. Figure 1

Improving Prospective Teachers’ Beliefs About a Double Discontinuity Between School Mathematics and University Mathematics

Prospective teachers often perceive a “double discontinuity” between school mathematics and university mathematics. The first discontinuity can be described as the belief that there is no coherence between school mathematics and university mathematics, which forms part of the notoriously problematic transition from school to university. The second discontinuity can be described as a belief about the lack of relevance of university mathematics for the later professional practice of prospective teachers. Beliefs about coherence and relevance have been known to impact prospective mathematics teachers’ interests and academic success. In this paper, we discuss an intervention involving 72 prospective secondary school mathematics teachers, aimed at influencing their beliefs about coherence and relevance. For this, we refer to the construct of beliefs as the main part of our theoretical framework, as well as the sub-constructs of beliefs regarding coherence and relevance. We then describe an intervention implemented within the first two years of mathematics courses, involving so-called “teacher-oriented” tasks that aim to trigger reflection on the benefit of university mathematics for teaching mathematics in school. The effect of the intervention was measured with a pretest-posttest experimental design using a questionnaire concerning teachers’ beliefs about coherence and relevance. Our results show that the prospective teachers’ beliefs about coherence and relevance generally decrease during the semester. However, statistically significant differences between the treatment group and a control group were found, especially regarding their beliefs about relevance.

The creative city approach: origins, construction and prospects in a scenario of transition

The change of the century saw the emergence of a series of discourses that conceptualised different aspects related with culture as key elements in the future of urban realities. The fact that these notions have become encompassed within the celebrated label of “the creative city” leads us to think that they form a self-evident model, fully assimilated and of general value. However, the review of the process through which a reasonably cohesive and accepted framework was constructed unveils the complex nature of the creative city. This article introduces the idea of the creative city as an “approach”, in the sense of an epistemological and methodological focus that is distinguishable, yet neither rigid nor closed. An understanding of this type is useful for assessing the validity and the imbalances of the creative city in the midst of an epoch of problematic transition, in which culture and the city are alternatively defined as spaces of conflict or spaces of hope.

Questioning care: ambiguous relational ethics between a refugee child, her parents and the Danish welfare state

ABSTRACT Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork, in this article, I tell the story of a particular Syrian family and their encounter with a day-care institution in Denmark – and by extension with the Danish state. In doing so, I highlight how the initially legitimate worries and genuine care of the institution turned into a form of ‘coercive concern’ (Jaffe-Walter 2016) as the family failed to fully meet the requirements of the Danish educational/ integration regime. I show the problematic transition that occurred in the approach to Aisha as the pedagogues moved from seeing her as a vulnerable refugee in need of care to seeing her as a ‘problem of integration’. Highlighting glimpses of alternative pedagogical approaches, which were co-present though undermined, I argue for the value of relational care as entailing emphatic listening and presence (Noddings 2013). I thus point to the value of doubt and dialogue, rather than a stifled form of certainty through adhering to specific pedagogical mantras vis-à-vis integration policy.

Deutsche Pädagogik zwischen Kriegsverherrlichung und Friedenssehnsucht

Abstract German Philosophy of Education between Preparation for War and Desire for Peace From both a historical and critical perspective, the article reconstructs the problematic transition of German Philosophy of Education from an enlightened to a romantic thinking as well as from the state’s political concept of orientation to that of the people in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. This reveals a strange fluctuation of pedagogy in theory and practice between a latent preparation for war on the one hand and a vague longing for peace on the other hand.

The Justice and Development Party (AKP) and the problematic transition to the presidential system in Turkey A vision in analyzing political reality and facing challenges

The Turkish governments had witnessed dramatic changes during several decades ,So the article researched in realistic situations to estimate the contemporary events according to what happened now a days .
 Therefore , many challenges must be tackled in order to assessment the political scene specially after several military intervention in political life ,So these developments required making of amendments in constitutional law to change the political system toward presidential order instead of parliamentary system , and this was happened in constitutional amendments which hold in sixteenth of April 2017 as a result of it .
 Turkish policies were stable politically and lawfully according to practicing democracy ,and it could be easily to know the nature of political participation as followed constitutionally .So the potentially strongest forces are being enabled to renew the political elites ,and the economic miracle would redistribution of roles among active actors in political life .Erdoğan's supporters point out since the attempted coup which happened in amid of July 2016 ,So the governing party and its government tried to reconstruction of trust between the peoples and political elites mutually , in order to override all challenges and to stabilize the process of democracy

Incorporating High-Impact Practices for Retention: A Learning Community Model for Transfer Students

Transfer from one institution to another is increasingly common for students during the course of their higher education careers. The number of students moving from community colleges to four-year universities continues to rise. Transfer students report experiences of alienation, isolation, and other personal and academic challenges. To address this problematic transition, the authors propose a cohort-based learning community model that incorporates high-impact practices of first-year experience programs demonstrated to improve retention. These include enhanced advising, project-based student collaboration, application of knowledge across courses, collaboration of core faculty, peer support, and required participation in campus activities. This model, applicable to any major and particularly useful for those comprised heavily of upper division courses, is applied in a Sociology department. Findings from the pilot study suggest that students experience increased sense of community, improved academic and social integration, and great promise for retention. Ultimately, the comprehensive model and assessment plan detailed in this article can be implemented in a similar manner across disciplines and universities for a variety of student populations of concern.

From boxing to geriatric psychiatry : Facets from the work of East German social psychiatrist Bernhard Schwarz (1918-1991)

For the first time, this study presents publications representative for the work of the neurologist and sports physician Bernhard Schwarz, whose career spans from the 1950s to the 1970s. His work is characterized by exceptional originality. Schwarz acted as the physician of the GDR national boxing team and conducted asystematic long-term study of 800 boxers. He found increased occurrences of depression, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases and suggested that these were linked to recurring craniocerebral injury. He was concerned about avoiding such long-term health effects in boxers and suggested arange of preventive measures that were later reflected in the guidelines of international boxing associations. Schwarz was distinguished by his drive to directly implement social psychiatric approaches in the hospital. As head of the psychiatric clinic at Leipzig University, he initiated aclub for geriatric patients to help older patients with the problematic transition from hospitalization to outpatient assistance at home. Influenced by holistic anthropological thinking, he regarded geriatric mental illness as aconsequence of social isolation. In addition, Schwarz was involved in amodel project that assessed the work resilience of patients in the hospital with the goal of optimizing psychiatric rehabilitation. Both projects were successes, according to his published accounts.

Degrees of precariousness : the problematic transition into the labour market of Greek higher education graduates

This paper discusses the transition into the labour market among higher education graduates from 2000 to date. It identifies a number of trends. First, this transition is protracted and not completed for the majority of Greek graduates until their thirties. Second, the labour market is fragmented along education level, place of living (urban or non-urban), gender, age and ethnic lines. Third, higher education does not seem to play a socially integrative role, as it does not shield against unemployment, emigration and precariousness. Fourth, the economic crisis has exacerbated endur­ing problems integral to the labour market and its weak connections with higher education. The multiple and overlapping problems underlying the transition from higher education to the labour market is at the crux of the economic and political problems Greece is facing and they point to a ticking bomb at the foundations of the Greek society.

Youth Perspectives on the Transition to Adulthood

Emerging adults with problematic substance use face many transition challenges and risks for long-term health, mental health, and substance use problems. Yet current research on how these youth view their adulthood transition is scarce. Using qualitative data gathered from semistructured interviews with 31 emerging adults seeking substance abuse treatment, we sought to (1) explore how these youth conceptualize their adulthood transition and (2) investigate their perceived interrelationships between substance use and developmental status. Youth identified adulthood criteria as including increased independence, role transitions, interdependence, and norm compliance. Participants also described the influence of substance use on their pathway toward adulthood and included issues related to substance use and mental health as adulthood criteria. Notably, substance use was described as affecting achievement of adulthood through three main processes: interfering with completion of developmental tasks, legitimizing delays in maturation, and promoting maturation through self-reflection. The findings provide important insights for service provision.

Problematic topic transitions in dysarthric conversation

Purpose: This study examined the nature of topic transition problems associated with acquired progressive dysarthric speech in the everyday conversation of people with motor neurone disease.Method: Using conversation analytic methods, a video collection of five naturally occurring problematic topic transitions was identified, transcribed and analysed. These were extracted from a main collection of over 200 other-initiated repair sequences and a sub-set of 15 problematic topic transition sequences. The sequences were analysed with reference to how the participants both identified and resolved the problems.Result: Analysis revealed that topic transition by people with dysarthria can prove problematic. Conversation partners may find transitions problematic not only because of speech intelligibility but also because of a sequential disjuncture between the dysarthric speech turn and whatever topic has come prior. In addition the treatment of problematic topic transition as a complaint reveals the potential vulnerability of people with dysarthria to judgements of competence.Conclusion: These findings have implications for how dysarthria is conceptualized and how specific actions in conversation, such as topic transition, might be suitable targets for clinical intervention.

Tracking the Adriatic-slab travel beneath the Tethyan margin of Corsica–Sardinia by low-temperature thermochronometry

A new multi-thermochronological dataset from Corsica–Sardinia is here employed to constrain the Meso–Cenozoic evolution of the Western Mediterranean area and the problematic transition in space and time between the opposite-dipping Alpine (European) and Apenninic (Adriatic) subductions.The dataset, including zircon and apatite fission track and apatite (U–Th)/He data, covers the whole Meso–Cenozoic time interval, and fits the theoretical age pattern that is expected in distal passive margins after continental break-up. This demonstrates that Corsica–Sardinia represents a fragment of the northern Tethyan margin still preserving the thermochronological fingerprint acquired during Middle Jurassic rifting. Mesozoic apatite (U–Th)/He ages from crustal sections located close to the Tethyan rift axis (i.e., central and eastern Sardinia) show that no European continental subduction took place south of Corsica since the Mesozoic. Along the Sardinia transect, post-Jurassic Adria–Europe convergence was possibly accommodated by Adriatic subduction, consistent with the onset of orogenic magmatism. In middle Eocene–Oligocene times, the northward translation of the Adriatic slab beneath the former Tethyan margin induced a coeval northward migration of erosional pulses at the surface, constrained by a trend of progressively decreasing fission track ages from southern Sardinia to NW Corsica. The Adriatic slab reached the Alpine wedge of Corsica by the end of the Oligocene without any breakoff of the European slab, and started retreating in Neogene times triggering the long-recognized basin opening in the backarc region.

The Property Law in Countries in Transition, Taking Albania of after ’90 Years as Reference

One of the characteristics that the researchers of the counties in post-communist transition address to these counties is the transformation of the property’s form from the model of national property into model constituting on the combination of public property with that private. The most part of the effects of this transition are even the variations into legal framework accompanying this process, as well as juridical conception of the property’s law. From the studies carried out it is noted that the transition doesn’t have the same impact and outcomes in these post-communist countries by the point of view of property’s law. Some countries have passed a fastest and smooth transition; meantime some others have passed, or are jet under through a difficult and problematic transition. The studies reached the conclusion that the property’s law has suffered variations, but these changes are frequently problematic for each post-communist country, not-reflecting the same shapes observed on other post-communist countries in transition, and the concept and current practices related to the property’s law in Albania remain jet opened to be improved, and bringing them in conformity with standards of European law. The matter remaining opened to the debate is, so, that of identifying the factors which have contributed in that field and the distinguishing among them for the countries in transition and the property’s law in post-communist countries. This research tends to treat changes on property’s law in the context of the transition of Albanian society. It intends to identify which have been the variations regarding to the property’s law, if those changes are the same or different from those happened in other post-communist countries in transition, and how the happened changes comply with historical and modern concept of the property’s law. The examination of these changes is expanded into a period of 20 years (1990-2010) focusing in legal framework of the property’s law. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n3p204

The Domestic Violence. Law no. 9669 of 18/12/2006 “Measures Against the Violence in Family Relations” in Albania

The domestic violence is a bitter reality of all humanity e a phenomenon which has taken worrying dimensions for the society. The domestic violence is increased during last years not only as phenomenon with social, economic and psychological consequences that impacts significantly the human rights.The extended transition has created more social and economic issues on all democratic societies, but in our country it is not ended for a long time. The democratic system remains unfulfilled with the special legislation in this area, central and local institutions are weak, or are not at the right level to take appropriate measures to reduce the violence of domestic violence, but it is associated with the difficult and problematic transition that our country has had. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2014.v5n3p36

The discursive construction of professional expertise: Appeals to authority in barrister’s opinions

For novice professional writers, the development of professional expertise (including genre knowledge) involves a sometimes problematic transition from the world of the academy to the world of work. This study examines this transition in the context of vocational legal education at a law school in Hong Kong. The study adopts a multi-perspective approach to genre analysis and compares intertextual appeals to authority in novice and expert lawyers’ writing of the barrister’s opinion genre. Two main kinds of intertextual appeals to authority are identified: appeals to authority on law (i.e. on a legal basis), and appeals to authority on fact (i.e. on a factual basis). The comparative analysis reveals that, compared to their expert counterparts, novice lawyers tend to take a more ‘academic’ approach to their writing, overemphasizing the analysis of law and underemphasizing the practical analysis of facts. The paper concludes by considering the possible role of the academy in supporting the development of professional expertise in novice professional writers.

Very low frequency electromagnetic (VLF-EM) and electrical resistivity (ER) investigation for groundwater potential evaluation in a complex geological terrain around the Ijebu-Ode transition zone, southwestern Nigeria

Groundwater exploration in either a basement or sedimentary environment is often fairly well defined and focuses on delineating weathered/fractured rocks or saturated formations, respectively. Conversely, unique geological structures, the complex coexistence of different rock types and poorly defined basal/lateral contacts between basement and sedimentary rocks make groundwater development in a geological transition environment very challenging. Ijebu-Ode and its environs lie within such a problematic transition zone, between the Precambrian basement rocks and Cretaceous sediments of the Dahomey Basin, in southwestern Nigeria, where associated acute groundwater development challenges require adequate subsurface information to maximize its groundwater resource potential. This study integrated very low frequency electromagnetic (VLF-EM) and electrical resistivity (ER) geophysical prospecting techniques for a detailed terrain study of Ijebu-Ode in order to establish the reasons for the low groundwater resource potential in the area. Thirty five VLF-EM profiles, 140 vertical electrical soundings (VES) and relevant hydrogeological data were acquired along grids and profiles. Data were filtered, inverted and enhanced using appropriate software packages. The current density and geoelectric parameters of the VLF-EM and VES data were employed to generate terrain maps, the conductivity distribution and a subsurface basement model of the study area. Current density plots and geoelectric parameters identified up to three layers in the basement complex terrain which comprised lateritic topsoil, weathered basement and fresh basement rocks. The five layers encountered in the sedimentary terrain were topsoil, a lateritic unit, a dry sandy unit, a saturated sandy unit and fresh basement rocks. The hydraulic conductivity of the thick (3–18 m) lateritic unit was determined to be 1.32 × 10−5 mm s−1, while that of the underlying sandy units ranged from 2.65 × 10−4 to 1.36 × 10−3 mm s−1. The thick but less permeable lateritic unit which overlaid the more permeable rocks constituted a partial impermeable overburden that prevented an adequate groundwater recharge during and immediately after rainfall. Three zones were delineated as low, medium and high groundwater resource potential areas, located in the northern, central and southern part of the study area, respectively. The low groundwater resource potential around Ijebu-Ode is due to the less permeable lateritic overburden, which prevents an adequate recharge during rainfall and the rugged/undulating basement topography that controls the distribution and storage of the limited recharged water. The southern part of the study area can be developed to meet the water needs of the inhabitants.

BOOK REVIEW: "Review of Divided Over Thaksin: Thailand's Coup and Problematic Transition" edited by John Funston

BOOK REVIEW: "Review of Divided Over Thaksin: Thailand's Coup and Problematic Transition" edited by John Funston

Students’ experiences of managing type 1 diabetes

To explore the experiences of young people managing their type 1 diabetes at college or university. A convenience sample of 23 students, aged 17-19 years, with type 1 diabetes participated in semi-structured telephone interviews. Thematic data analysis identified four main themes: balancing diabetes and further education; adverse diabetes management strategies at college or university; reduced quality of life with regard to participation in social events; and problematic transition from paediatric to adult diabetes clinics. Young people often face difficulties in their diabetes self-management at college or university because of psychosocial issues, and may experience barriers when changing from paediatric to adult diabetes clinics.

Book Review: Divided over Thaksin: Thailand's Coup and Problematic Transition

Review of the edited volume: Funston, John (ed.) (2009), Divided Over Thaksin: Thailand’s Coup and Problematic Transition, Chiangmai: Silkworm Books, Singapore: ISEAS. ISBN 978-981-230-961-7, 203 pages.