Method For Solving Problems Research Articles

Research on the Application of Mathematics in Finance

Abstract. Mathematics is a fundamental science and a problem-solving method that plays an important role in revealing the essential laws of the development of certain things. It has rigorous logic, high abstractness, and wide applicability. This brings great difficulties to enterprises, especially high school mathematics because it involves a wide range of knowledge points and complex calculations. Among them, the formation of financial mathematics has greatly promoted the development of China's financial industry. Moreover, in solving financial problems, relevant knowledge and theories of mathematics can be used to analyze and explore financial laws, and the application effect is significant, for example, using deterministic mathematical method and nondeterministic mathematical method to solving question about financial investment and returns; building securities investment portfolio model or asset valuation model to calculating and expressing some economic models. Based on this, this article discusses the application of mathematical knowledge to several financial problems, analyzes the current problems, and looks forward to the future of financial mathematics.

Preparing the ground for bespoke nursing training in advanced renal cell carcinoma care (RCC4Nurses): An international prospective study

ObjectivesNurses require specialist knowledge and skills to effectively support an increasing population of people affected by advanced renal cell cancer (aRCC). RCC4Nurses was a three-phase project that aimed to develop bespoke training in aRCC for nurses in Europe. Phase 1 examined pre-existing educational programs in kidney cancer, then developed a curriculum of core education topics in aRCC care to suit generalist and specialist nurses’ education needs. MethodsPhase 1 employed a prospective design that involved two parts. Part 1 was a scoping review of educational programs developed for multidisciplinary health professionals in kidney cancer/RCC. Findings of Part 1 formed the basis for Part 2, which was a three-round Delphi study that involved experts by personal experience or profession in aRCC, who rated the importance of a range of education topics and education methods for inclusion in the developing RCC4Nurses. ResultsThe scoping review identified eight education programs via two published reports and six online resources. Existing programs had limitations in accessibility, recency and target professional groups; none of them was developed specifically for nurses. Program content was primarily focused on diagnostic, treatment and management procedures in kidney cancer. Fourteen educational topics were derived from the review and evaluated during Round 1 of the Delphi by 47 experts. By Round 3, 17 topics had iteratively reached consensus for inclusion within RCC4Nurses. Experts showed preference to problem-solving and clinical-scenario learning methods, but not reflective practice learning. ConclusionsGiven the dearth of up-to-date, evidence-based training for nurses in aRCC, we have prepared the ground to develop a bespoke training course in this area of practice. Implications for Nursing PracticeThe RCC4Nurses project will offer accessible, state-of-the-art education to registered nurses in Europe to help enhance nursing competency in aRCC and enhance the standard of care provided to people affected by aRCC.

Effect of problem-solving teaching methods on students' interest and academic performance in animal husbandry in secondary schools for sustainable development in Nigeria

This study investigated the effects of Problem-solving teaching method on Animal Husbandry Students' interest and academic performance in Senior secondary schools in Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria. The Theory of experiential learning was used to explain how learning by active participation in the learning process can increase interest in the learning process. Quasi-experimental. Specially, the pre-test post-test control group were used to collect data from 251 students using an intact class. The results showed that students interest increase as the result of the treatment. The study found that students. performance also increases as a result of their interest in studying Animal Husbandry. The study concludes that teaching using problem solving can increase students interest in studying Animal Husbandry and also improve their performance in the subject for sustainable development in Nigeria. Recommendations include that animal Husbandry teachers should constantly use problem solving teaching methods in teaching animal Husbandry to encourage students to learn animal Husbandry effectively in secondary schools.

A data-based inverse problem-solving method for predicting structural orderings

A data-based inverse problem-solving method for predicting structural orderings

Inverse problem-solving method applied to the acoustic characterisation of a thin film via the Debye series method (DSM)

ABSTRACT The study of the ultrasonic acoustic response of materials is of increasing interest for the characterisation of high-frequency applications. In this work, some elastic properties (acoustic velocity and acoustic attenuation) and some physical properties (thickness and density), together with the phase shift of the transducer, are estimated via one method. Scanning acoustic microscopy was performed via an innovative and different method using a high-frequency (50 MHz) planar wave transducer. In addition, the Debye series model (DSM) was used to model the acoustic response of the bilayer structure of the glass substrate and the resin‒epoxy sample. The inverse problem of estimating the acoustic parameters that results in a DSM reflected echo that matches the experimental signal is solved by proposing an innovative step-by-step curve fitting algorithm. The algorithm for solving the inverse problem is then optimised via relative mean square error (RMSE) curves, resulting in a robust method for assessing the uniqueness of the multiparameter solution.

Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik Melalui Metode Problem Based Learning pada Peserta Didik Kelas 2 Fase A SD Mardi Waluya Cibinong

At Elementary School Mardi Waluya Cibinong, it was found that the critical thinking ability and learning achievement targets of Catholic Religious Education especially in grade 2 were not optimal. This could be due to the use of less varied learning methods and the less optimal implementation of strategies that encourage active student participation. This research aims to improve the character dimension of critical thinking and student achievement targets by applying the Problem-Based Learning method in phase A of especially in grade 2. This classroom action research was conducted in two cycles with materials on the safety of God’s work through Kain and Habel, with each cycle consisting of four stages: planning, implementation, evaluation, and reflection. The research subject is students from Elementary school Mardi Waluya Cibinong with a total of 34 peoples. The results of the research show that the use of the PBL learning model can increase the character dimension of critical thinking in the Pancasila student profile (P3) from 70% to 84%. There was also an increase in student achievement outcomes, with mastery increasing from 20% to 68%, proficiency from 50% to 32%, and a decrease in appropriateness from 18% to 0%, which then increased to 12%. This indicates a significant decrease in the critical thinking dimension of the Pancasila students profile, which overall improves the critical thinking process and students achievement in grade 2 phase A. Recommendation: Teachers can focus on one dimension of P3 in the character development process by applying problem-solving learning methods.

Generalized Parametric Fuzzy Information Measure

Objective: To generalize an existing fuzzy information measure and verify its important properties. Methods: Both objective and descriptive methods have been adopted; problem-solving and problem-posing methods have been used. A collection of properties presented by De Luca and Termini is used as a standard for establishing new fuzzy information measures. Findings: This study has analysed the different features of the parametric measure of fuzzy information that we have presented. The suggested fuzzy entropy measure is a legitimate measure of fuzzy information since it meets all necessary requirements. Its monotonic behaviour has also been studied. Comparisons between the proposed measure of fuzzy information and the corresponding measure of probabilistic information have been discussed. Novelty: The unique quality of the suggested fuzzy information measure is found in its monotonic behaviour corresponding to parameter α. When conducting a multicriteria decision analysis and directing the decision-making process, monotonic fuzzy information measures are more useful. Because the suggested measure satisfies fundamental set features, it can be applied in soft computing for economics, decision-making, and data aggregation. Mathematics Subject Classification: 94 D 05 Keywords: Fuzzy Entropy, Uncertainty, Fuzziness, Measures of Information, Shannon Entropy

Preferred problem-solving methods employed by Grade 4 learners for measurement word problems

Background: Problem-solving as a vehicle to develop independent thinking skills is mostly underestimated and is often either overlooked or not given adequate attention within the existing South African mathematics curriculum. Consequently, numerous learners often display limited skills or lack skills to adequately crack Mathematics problems by applying methods put forward in class. This generally results in under-achievement.Aim: This study aims to explore and emphasise the problem-solving methods applied by Grade 4 learners involved in solving measurement word problems, and to reveal what transpires when the selected learners apply these methods to arrive at meaningful solutions.Setting: Data were collected from a class of 42 Grade 4 learners at a primary school in Cape Town South Africa. Learners were conveniently selected.Methods: A qualitative case study research design was adopted. Data gathering instruments of the study included observing learners solving, measurement word problem activities and focus group interviews.Results: The study revealed that singular methods were applied by Grade 4 learners, such as, adding, multiplying, creating a sketch or diagram, grouping, dividing, subtracting, logical reasoning, guessing and tabulating values.Conclusion: Grade 4 learners are prone to applying methods such as clustering or organising into groups, tabulating numerical values and logical reasoning were all applying mathematically sound methods. Such learners, however, needed a degree of supervision and instruction to indicate the way in which such methods were applied successfully as these methods were not necessarily dealt with in classroom context or in textbooks.Contribution: The findings emphasise the need for tackling learners’ limited problem-solving competencies and accentuate the necessity for greater attention to develop and grow methods for optimal and successful solving of problems in context.

Analysis of organic matter stock dynamics in arable soils of Yamal: simulation experiments with the ROMUL model

The goal of this work is to analyze the dynamics of soil organic matter (SOM) in arable soils of Yamal using computational experiments with the ROMUL model. Soil temperature and moisture dynamics were simulated using the SCLISS model. The Yamal experimental station was organized in 1932. The soil is Plaggic Podzol. The thickness of humus horizon (PY) is 30 cm. Pools, kg/m2: SOM – 9.32 and 13.75; N – 0.46 and 0.66 for 0–20 and 0–30 cm respectively. Background: soddy-green-moss tundra near Salekhard. Soil: Folic Podzol: litter (O, 2 cm) and humus-accumulative (AY, 4 cm) and illuvial ferruginous (BF, 6 cm) horizons. Pools, kg/m2: SOM – 1.38 and 2.69, N – 0.03 and 0.18 for 0–2 and 2–6 cm respectively. The quantity and quality of background fall was estimated according to literature data. Clarification of the amount of fall was carried out by the method of inverse problem solving (spin-up). Peat application was simulated: starting application in the dose of 12 kg/m2 and maintenance (every 6 years) in doses 4, 8 and 12 kg/m2, N 1%. Application of mineral fertilizers, 2 variants: a) N 4 g/m2 (40 kg/ha) in peatting years and b) application of the same dose of nitrogen every year. The duration of computational experiments is 30 and 90 years. Computational experiments showed that after the starting peatting of Folic Podzol at the rate of 12 kg/m2 after 30 years, only 15% of the applied detritus remained. Maintenance peatting of 8–12 kg/m2 leads to an increase in SOM pool to 20–30 kg/m2 and excessive accumulation of detritus. Application of 4 kg/m2 of peat once every 6 years for 90 years shows the dynamics of SOM pools from Folic Podzol to Plaggic Podzol which is confirmed by field survey data. Application of mineral nitrogen (4 g/m2) once every 6 years does not affect SOM pools. Annual application of mineral N (4 g/m2) increases SOM pools due to intensified humification. This fact requires experimental verification.

Integration of 3D printing and case-based learning in clinical practice for the treatment of developmental dysplasia of the hip

BackgroundCase-based learning (CBL) utilizing three-dimensional (3D) printed hip joint models is a problem-solving teaching method that combines the tactile and visual advantages of 3D-printed models with CBL. This study aims to investigate the impact of integrating 3D printing with CBL on learning developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH).MethodsWe conducted a prospective study from 2022 to 2023, including 120 fourth-year clinical medical students at Xuzhou Medical University. Students were randomly allocated into two groups of 60 participants each. The CBL group received conventional CBL teaching methods, while the 3D + CBL group utilized 3D-printed models in conjunction with CBL. Post-teaching, we analyzed and compared the theoretical and practical achievements of both groups. A questionnaire was designed to assess the impact of the educational approach on orthopedic surgery learning.ResultsThe theory scores of the CBL group (62.88 ± 7.98) and 3D + CBL group (66.35 ± 8.85) were significantly different (t = 2.254, P = 0.026); the practical skills scores of the CBL group (57.40 ± 8.80) and 3D + CBL group (63.42 ± 11.14) were significantly different (t = 3.283, P = 0.001). The questionnaire results showed that the 3D + CBL group was greater than the CBL group in terms of hip fundamentals, ability to diagnose cases and plan treatments, interesting teaching content, willingness to communicate with the instructor and satisfaction.ConclusionsThe integration of 3D printing with case-based learning has yielded positive outcomes in teaching DDH, providing valuable insights into the use of 3D-printed orthopedic models in clinical education.

Coyote and Badger Optimization (CBO): A natural inspired meta-heuristic algorithm based on cooperative hunting

Optimization techniques play a pivotal role in refining problem-solving methods across various domains. These methods have demonstrated their efficacy in addressing real-world complexities. Continuous efforts are made to create and enhance techniques in the realm of research. This paper introduces a novel technique that distinguishes itself through its clarity, logical mathematical structure, and robust mathematical equations, particularly in the second phase. This study presents the development of a new metaheuristic algorithm named Coyote and Badger Optimization (CBO). CBO draws inspiration from the cooperative behaviors observed in honey badgers and coyotes, with a specific focus on their intriguing communication process. Utilizing the inherent traits of these animals, the proposed CBO algorithm offers an intuitive and effective solution for addressing engineering optimization challenges by providing the best fitness values. To validate CBO's effectiveness in real-time applications, complex engineering problems called pressure vessel design, feature selection in medical system, and tension-compression spring design are used as case studies for testing the proposed CBO compared to other recent algorithms. Additionally, ten benchmark functions and also statistical analysis methods (mean, standard deviation, confidence intervals, t-test, and Wilcoxon test) are used. Experimental results demonstrate that the CBO algorithm surpasses eleven recent algorithms when subjected to common ten benchmark functions. Additionally, CBO outperforms other recent eleven algorithms according to three different case studies. According to the ten benchmark functions (F1 to F10), CBO provides the minimum fitness values which are closed to the exact (standard) values; 0, 0, 0.003, 0.0002, -1.0316, 3.0058, 0.398, 0.02, 0.00076, and 0.000725 respectively. Related to statistical analysis, CBO provides the best mean, standard deviation, confidence intervals, t-test, and Wilcoxon test values. According to case studies, CBO provided the minimum cost value for pressure vessel design, the maximum accuracy value for feature selection, and the minimum cost value for spring design. Hence, CBO superiors other recent algorithms.

Problem Solving Method In Improving Students' Critical Thinking Abilities In Social Studies Learning

Enhancing students' critical thinking skills is a major challenge in Social Studies education in the 21st century. This study aims to explore the effectiveness of the problem-solving method in improving students' critical thinking skills within the context of Social Studies. Employing a qualitative approach with a library research design, this research analyzes various literature related to the application of the problem-solving method. Findings reveal that this method significantly enhances students' abilities to analyze information, formulate solutions, and connect theory with practice. However, challenges such as resource limitations and the need for teacher training can impact its effectiveness. The implications of this research suggest the need for intensive teacher training and systematic integration of the problem-solving method into the social studies curriculum to improve educational quality. Future research is recommended to explore different educational settings and additional method combinations to deepen understanding of problem-solving implementation in social studies education.

Advanced digital competency assessment of vocational teachers': A new approach based on fuzzy-analytical hierarcy process

<p>Teachers need digital competence to adapt easily to the current digital era. This study tries to discover the perceptions of vocational high school (VHS) teachers in Indonesia related to advanced digital competencies, which include information, communication, content creation, digital security, and problem-solving competencies. The multi-criteria Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) problem-solving method is used to rank the priority digital competencies that are most mastered by the respondents, and then their performance is validated by the fuzzy AHP artificial intelligence-based method. A poll was conducted with 392 respondents, with the research instrument adopting the digital competency measurement platform from DigComp. The study's results show that the fuzzy AHP method has proven that the classical AHP method is a very good way to prioritize VHS teachers' digital skills based on several factors. The two methods gave almost identical results in determining the priority order of VHS teacher digital competencies. The survey results reveal that VHS teachers in Indonesia must immediately develop their skills in terms of digital content creation and digital security. Teachers, teacher professional organizations, and decision-makers are expected to use the findings of this study as a reference in implementing VHS teacher digital competency improvement trainings.</p>

Using the Design of Experimental Method for Problem-solving of Noisy Parts in the Automotive Industry

Using the Design of Experimental Method for Problem-solving of Noisy Parts in the Automotive Industry

Community Policing Philosophy

A sociological understanding of crime can adequately respond to criminal challenges through practical engagement with society. Community policing is a proactive strategy that uses problem-solving methods and strategic partnerships to solve problems related to public safety, including crime and social disturbance. The core of this policing system is a flexible organizational structure and decentralized power, in which the officer decides how best to preserve security and order in line with local needs. Decentralized administration at both the command and decision-making levels has been used as an approach to promote the effectiveness of community policy. Consequently, police officers could independently interact with communities, identifying problems and developing feasible solutions. However, this idea has variations, particularly in the debate on how community policy can construct a social system to create better strategies against criminal acts. It is essential to analyze the sociological perspective to understand the main objective of the community-oriented policing strategy. Mainly, a theory that focuses on reducing crime and crime fear enhances the conditions of life for law enforcement personnel and members of society. Hence, this article analyses each strategy component using pertinent and specific sociological theories and criminological concepts, highlighting the significant contribution of sociologists in shaping the community policing strategy. Therefore, based on sociological perspectives, this article argues that community policy can create an inclusive social system within social actors’ collaboration. Keywords: community-oriented, crime, neighborhood, sociological perspective, partnerships

Designing a Context-Driven Problem-Solving Method with Metacognitive Scaffolding Experience Intervention for Biology Instruction

Learner-centered instructional practices, such as the metacognitive strategies scaffolding the problem-solving method for Biology instruction, have been shown to promote students’ autonomy and self-direction, significantly enhancing their understanding of scientific concepts. Thus, this study aimed to elucidate the importance and procedures of context analysis in the development of a context-driven problem-solving method with a metacognitive scaffolding instructional approach, which enhances students’ learning effectiveness in Biology. Therefore, the study was conducted in the Biology departments of secondary schools in Shambu Town, Oromia Region, Ethiopia. The study employed mixed-methods research to collect and analyze data, involving 12 teachers and 80 students. The data collection tools used were interviews, observations, and a questionnaire. The study revealed that conducting a context analysis that involves teachers, students, and learning contexts is essential in designing a context-driven problem-solving method with metacognitive scaffolding for Biology instruction, which provides authentic examples, instructional content, and engaging scenarios for teachers and students. As a result, the findings of this study provide a practical instructional strategy that can be applied to studies aimed at designing a context-driven problem-solving method with metacognitive scaffolding with the potential to influence instructional practices.

Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Discovery untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik Kelas XI IPS 1 SMA Negeri Tulakan Kabupaten Pacitan Tahun Pelajaran 2022/2023 (Materi Ketahanan Pangan, Bahan Industri, Potensi Energi Baru dan Terbarukan di Indonesia)

<p><em>Learning outcomes quality of geography at SMA Negeri Tulakan is not so good yet. The fact is that learning at school still uses several methods such as teacher center, question and answer, and is not used to using problem-solving methods, discussions, and so on the researcher interested to conduct a research on the implementation of the discovery learning model to improve students' learning outcomes in XI First Social at SMA Negeri Tulakan, Pacitan. The discovery learning process involves all students’ abilities to discover new principles or concepts based on their knowledge and experience.</em></p><p><em>In the early conditions, only 52% of students can reach the minimum mastery level on material for food security, industrial materials, potential for new renewable energy in Indonesia, (secondary data). In the first cycle, students were able to reach the minimum completeness limit were 65%. The learning conditions were improved again in cycle 2. As a result, students who were able to reach the minimum mastery level improve to 86%. So, it can be concluded that the implementation of the discovery learning model can conclusively improve the geography learning outcomes in XI First Social students at SMA Negeri Tulakan.</em></p><p><em> </em></p><em>Keywords : learning model, discovery, learning outcome</em>

A Review of the Development and Future Challenges of Case-Based Reasoning

Case-based reasoning (CBR), which is based on the cognitive assumption that similar problems have similar solutions, is an important problem-solving and learning method in the field of artificial intelligence (AI). In this article, the development of CBR is reviewed, and the major challenges of CBR are summarized. The paper is organized into four parts. First, the basic framework and concepts of CBR are introduced. Then, the developed technology and innovative work that were designed to solve problems by CBR are summarized. Then, the application fields of CBR are summarized. Finally, according to the idea of deep learning and interpretable AI, the main challenges for the future development of CBR are proposed.

Taṭbīq Ṭarīqah Ĥalli al-Musykilāt litarqiyyah al-Fuđûl al-‘Ilmī wa Mahārāt al-Lugah al-‘Arabiyyah ladai Ṭalabah al-Madrasah

This research focuses on the application of problem solving-based learning methods and is designed to encourage students to actively participate in the learning process through solving real problems. A qualitative approach was used in the research design, as the study included 40 students as a full number for the research, and 20 of them were selected as a sample. Data were collected through interviews and observations with Arabic language teachers and students. The researchers used various data collection techniques to analyze scientific curiosity and develop students' Arabic language skills. Data were analyzed using qualitative methods to evaluate the effectiveness of the problem-solving method in improving students' skills and scientific curiosity. The research results show that problem solving-based learning methods significantly increase students' curiosity, which is demonstrated through their active participation in class and further exploration of the lesson material. Students' proficiency in Arabic has also increased, as can be seen from their ability to complete assignments and understand the concepts taught.

Research on the Use Power Point (PPT) in Junior High School Mathematics Classroom Teaching

Since PowerPoint (hereinafter referred to as PPT) is of great significance to mathematics teaching, more and more attention has been paid to how to use PPT effectively in junior high school mathematics classroom teaching. This paper uses the method of theoretical analysis, through the analysis of the characteristics of PPT, the current teaching situation and the problems existing in students' mathematics learning, combined with the various requirements of the Mathematics Curriculum Standards for Compulsory Education (2022 Edition) (hereinafter referred to as The Standards) for junior high school mathematics teaching, puts forward four strategies for using PPT in junior high school mathematics classroom teaching. Through analysis, we can know that PPT is characterized by its powerful presentation function, dynamic presentation effect, lacks of procedural presentation, multiple ways of emphasis, and strong inclusiveness. The current problem of students in mathematics learning is students do not have a firm grasp of basic knowledge and have an inaccurate understanding of many concepts, students' ability to analyze and solve mathematical problems is weak, and they cannot accurately understand the conditions and requirements of the problems, students lack enthusiasm for learning mathematics, and students have improper learning methods and lack the habit of writing on time. The current situation of mathematics classroom teaching is teachers pay too much attention to the teaching of problem-solving methods and calculations and neglect the inspiration and training of problem-solving ideas, teachers' teaching resources are obsolete, and the use of information technology in teaching is inadequate, teachers' teaching methods are rigid and lack diversity and innovation, and the interaction between teachers and students is mostly ineffective and the overall participation of students is low. The standard puts forward specific requirements for the teaching of number and algebra, graphics and geometry, statistics and probability in junior high school. Therefore, through the above analysis, we give the following suggestions: 1. Making full use of the multiple emphasis effect of PPT to highlight different mathematical symbols; 2. Skillfully using the dynamic presentation function of PPT to make the process of mathematical knowledge formation dynamic; 3. Expanding the scope of use of PPT and give full play to the value of PPT in all aspects of teaching; 4. Integrating and collocating a variety of technologies reasonably, and use PPT in a variety of ways to teach mathematics. These strategies can be used for reference by junior high school mathematics teachers in practical teaching.