Problem Of Trafficking Research Articles

Narrating Trauma as Victims of Human Trafficking in China: A Study on Select North Korean Memoirs

The memoirs titled In Order to Live; A North Korean Girl's Journey, to Freedom and; A Thousand Miles to Freedom: My Escape from North Korea are written by Yeonmi Park and Eunsun Kim two women who managed to escape from North Korea. They went through an experience of being forced into labour in China as victims of trafficking. In their memoirs these authors vividly depict the pain that comes with being exploited. The main aim of this study is to analyse how memoirs can effectively address the issue of trafficking. These remarkable women skilfully use the memoir genre to make a personal plea for action. They strategically make choices appeal to readers emotions openly share their distressing experiences and support their stories with research and evidence that connect their experiences with the broader problem of human trafficking in China. This study clearly shows that both these memoirs emphasize the importance of the memoir genre in advocating for rights. It also highlights how survivor memoirs have the potential to inspire advocacy and involvement, in combating trafficking.

Bridging the Divides? How Christian Faith-Based Antitrafficking Organizations Construct Co-Ownership in Buddhist South-East Asia

Religious differences are often portrayed as a source of conflict and tension in development work. Such portrayals imply that faith-based organizations (FBOs) struggle to bridge religious divides and construct co-ownership when engaging in multi-religious contexts. This article nuances this view through a study of how Christian FBOs are working with antitrafficking programs in Buddhist South-East Asia. Drawing on interviews and observations in Thailand and Cambodia, the analysis demonstrates that differences in religion need not present an obstacle to the construction of co-ownership. In contrast, a shared religious ontology between FBOs and local stakeholders and beneficiaries facilitates a shared understanding of the problem of human trafficking and the solutions to address it. This indicates that religion can be a resource, rather than a problem, in establishing co-ownership with local actors in the antitrafficking work of the FBOs. However, in interactions with secular antitrafficking actors, finding common ground is more challenging: the secular-religious divide seems wider than the Christian–Buddhist divide. The article thus provides important insights for scholars, policymakers and practitioners by nuancing assumptions about the role of religion in development in multi-religious contexts. Western secularism may in fact present a more significant obstacle than an explicit religious identity when seeking to construct co-ownership with local communities in Buddhist South-East Asia.

Keamanan Manusia dalam Perdagangan Manusia: Analisis Peran IOM Menangani Human Trafficking

Abstract The most crucial thing about human trafficking is that the activity does not disappear and even continues to show increasing numbers of victims. Handling cannot be carried out only by the government or by state officials but requires comprehensive handling from all levels of society. This research aims to highlight the role of an organization in dealing with these problems using a human security approach. Descriptively and qualitatively the facts are analyzed and produce several conclusions: a). efforts to help, defend, rescue based on existing laws which are more outward in nature, but also on efforts to implement human rights values ​​from within. Apart from being an ethical basis, human values ​​are also implemented in every action. b). The problem of human trafficking cannot be separated from structural dimensions such as the fulfillment of welfare, justice and development policies which influence all dimensions of human livelihood. c). The best prevention is through education, providing employment opportunities, welfare and the most important thing is to provide a sense of security for all citizens.

Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Anak Jalanan sebagai Korban Tindak Pidana Kekerasan Fisik dalam Hukum Positif dan Hukum Pidana Islam

This study aims to examine the legal protections afforded to children on the streets who have been victims of haram actions from both an Islamic and a positive law viewpoint. Patient samples were collected from residents of Percut Sei Tuan District for this analysis. A variety of institutions and members of the community were interviewed and observed in order to gather data using qualitative methodologies. Law 35 of 2014 provides legal protection for victims of unlawful actions who are minors living on the streets, according to study results. Also included in this statute are measures that govern the proper penalty for offenders. Islamic law, on the other hand, provides a holistic view of the problem of child trafficking by highlighting the significance of human values and fairness in providing protection for these children. The investigation's results shed light on the many legislative safeguards put in place to keep homeless and victimised children safe. In light of this, it is clear that this endeavour is crucial with respect to positive law and Islamic law.

Problematika Perdagangan Manusia Sebagai Kejahatan Transnasional Dalam Perspektif Imigrasi Dan Hukum Internasional

Globalization on an international scale has an impact on progress in the fields of information technology, communication and transportation, making borders between countries thinner or borderless. This is a principle in the international legal order, especially regarding the conception of state sovereignty. Every country in various parts of the world is guaranteed in international law and has the exclusive right to exercise its country's sovereignty without being able to intervene by other countries or any party. The sovereignty of a country is an absolute thing that cannot be ignored, because sovereignty is a sign of an independent and sovereign country. International migration that occurs has a positive impact, but sometimes it creates new problems. Like Human Trafficking or human trafficking. The writing will discuss human trafficking from the perspective of immigration and international law, including the function of immigration as a government agency that monitors the traffic of people in and out of Indonesian territory in order to maintain state sovereignty. This research itself is based on research that is normative, juridical and empirical, namely by elaborating each material followed by studying existing policies and regulations. This is intended so that the problem of human trafficking can be elaborated on existing national and international legal policies as well as from an immigration perspective. .

Konsep Etika Sosial dalam Pandangan Ketuhanan Jean-Luc Marion di Era Postmodern

The problem of human trafficking in East Nusa Tenggara is a humanitarian issue but also a theological problem. Therefore, the attitude of the church and all members of the NTT community is also a determinant for breaking the human trafficking chain in NTT. Therefore, this paper is intended to clearly state and at the same time focus on how the church’s contribution in NTT is actually in participating in solving this problem. This paper, will examine more of the existing literature. Then, the search results will be elaborated in order to get a link to the problem written, and offer solutions to be noticed and followed up.

Advances in Immune Tolerance Induction in Enzyme Replacement Therapy.

Inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs) are a group of genetic diseases that occur due to the either deficiency of an enzyme involved in a metabolic/biochemical pathway or other disturbances in the metabolic pathway including transport protein or activator protein deficiencies, cofactor deficiencies, organelle biogenesis, maturation or trafficking problems. These disorders are collectively significant due to their substantial impact on both the well-being and survival of affected individuals. In the quest for effective treatments, enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) has emerged as a viable strategy for patients with many of the lysosomal storage disorders (LSD) and enzyme substitution therapy in the rare form of the other inborn errors of metabolism including phenylketonuria and hypophosphatasia. However, a major challenge associated with enzyme infusion in patients with these disorders, mainly LSD, is the development of high antibody titres. Strategies focusing on immunomodulation have shown promise in inducing immune tolerance to ERT, leading to improved overall survival rates. The implementation of immunomodulation concurrent with ERT administration has also resulted in a decreased occurrence of IgG antibody development compared with cases treated solely with ERT. By incorporating the knowledge gained from current approaches and analysing the outcomes of immune tolerance induction (ITI) modalities from clinical and preclinical trials have demonstrated significant improvement in the efficacy of ERT. In this comprehensive review, the progress in ITI modalities is assessed, drawing insights from both clinical and preclinical trials. The focus is on evaluating the advancements in ITI within the context of IEM, specifically addressing LSDs managed through ERT.

Upaya Pencegahan dan Penanganan Masalah Tindak Pidana Perdagangan Orang Ditinjau dari Perda Kota Kupang Nomor 3 Tahun 2019 tentang Pencegahan dan Penanganan Masalah Tindak Pidana Perdagangan Orang

The purpose of this research is to analyze the efforts to prevent and handle the problem of human trafficking in review of kupang city regional regulation number 3 of 2019 concerning the prevention and handling of the problem of human trafficking. This research is an empirical juridical research method. The result of this research is that the Government and the Task Force on Human Trafficking have made various efforts in preventing and handling the problem of Human Trafficking in Kupang City by referring to Kupang City Regional Regulation Number 3 of 2019 and in the process of preventing and handling the problem of Human Trafficking in Kupang City there are several obstacles. The conclusion of this research is that the efforts to prevent and handle the problem of trafficking in persons carried out by the Kupang City Government and the Task Force for Trafficking in Persons have not been fully implemented in accordance with Kupang City Regional Regulation Number 3 of 2019, namely not implementing Administrative Control of Population Mutation and Migration, Control of Labor Placement, and Early Detection. Constraints experienced: a. Suboptimal Inter-Agency Coordination; b. Allocation of Meeting Time between Task Force Members is not optimal; c. Lack of Socialization at the Central and Regional Stakeholder Levels; d. Human Resources (HR) are Still Low. Inadequate Human Resources (HR); and e. Misuse of Technology and Information. The first suggestion is that the Kupang City Government and the Trafficking in Persons Task Force should implement activities to prevent and handle the problem of trafficking in persons in accordance with Kupang City Regional Regulation No. 3/2019 in full, namely by implementing activities to control the administration of population mutation and migration, control labor placement, and early detection. The second suggestion is that the Kupang City Government and the Human Trafficking Task Force should increase the number of inter-agency coordination meetings to unify the vision and mission of the Task Force in combating human trafficking.

Application of forensic analysis methods in the field of investigation of recruitment of people for sexual slavery abroad

The article is dedicated to the analysis of the human trafficking problem, with a focus on sexual exploitation as one of the main forms of this crime. The author examines this issue from various aspects, particularly through the lens of statistical data, legislative norms, and investigative methods. Special attention is given to the situation in Ukraine, where human trafficking, exacerbated by the full-scale war with Russia, remains an extremely relevant and complex problem. Prior to the conflict, Ukraine ranked 49th among 167 countries in the prevalence of modern slavery. However, due to recent events, the scale and prevalence of this crime have significantly increased. Utilizing statistical data from the National Police of Ukraine, the article points out the high latency of this crime and the significant proportion of sexual exploitation among human trafficking cases. In the context of legal regulation, the author analyzes international and national normative acts that prohibit slavery and human exploitation. In particular, attention is drawn to Article 4 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the relevant articles of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. The article describes how human trafficking is conducted both at the national and transnational levels, with an emphasis on the difficulties of detection and investigation of such crimes due to their hidden nature. It is noted that the investigation of such crimes requires the use of two methods of inquiry: information from witnesses and victims, which can be less effective, and data from operational-search activities, which provides maximum efficiency. For investigating offenses related to sexual exploitation abroad, criminal analysis methods are used, including the analysis of connections, events, departmental, and open-source information. The author emphasizes the importance of using innovative technologies, particularly artificial intelligence and multimodal models based on machine learning, for more effective detection and counteraction of the crime of human trafficking. It is underscored that such technologies can complement traditional investigative methods, providing the ability to better analyze collected information and identify potential victims and criminals. The author of the article calls for attention to and resolution of the human trafficking problem in Ukraine and emphasizes the necessity of adhering to international and internal norms to combat this crime.

Abstract 5242: In vitro cytotoxicity assays to support CAR T cell evaluation against solid tumors

Abstract CAR T cells are donor/patient-derived T cells genetically engineered to express a chimeric receptor against a specific tumor antigen (TA), which allows an MHC-independent recognition and targeting of tumor cells. While CART cell therapies have been tremendously successful against hematological cancers, with 6 T cell products being approved up to date from the FDA (Sengsayadeth S etal, EJHaem. 2022), the activity on solid tumors is more difficult. Solid tumors remain a unique challenge in part due to trafficking problems of CAR T cells, a hostile TME and heterogenous antigen expression, which limits CART cell capacity to find their target. Several strategies are being developed at the moment with the aim to overcome these hurdles, such as multispecific CART cells, co-therapy with checkpoint inhibitors, or inhibition of DNA methylation enzymes to prevent exhaustion. To offer an in vitro platform to assess the effectiveness of upcoming cellular therapies we developed several pipelines to allow the investigation of cytotoxic potential in 2D and 3D formats. We show here our results using a CART cell product expressing a coreceptor to enhance its activation potential upon recognition of the target. We next tested the capacity of these cells to kill solid tumor in vitro by coculturing with potential target cells cultured in a monolayer (2D). By measuring the luciferase expression of the target cells, we could track the cytotoxicity exerted by the effector cells. In vitro, the CART cells were able to kill in a dose dependent manner different solid tumor cell lines expressing the cognate antigen for the co-receptor. At Reaction Biology we have developed spheroid-based 3D killing assays in which target cells from solid tumor entities are pre-cultured to form spheroids prior to their coculture with effector cells. Using this technique, we challenged the capacity of these CART cells to recognize their antigen in a 3D format. This 3D assay system can be used as well in combination with co therapies such as PD1 inhibitors, in a sensitive and high throughput manner. Finally, we evaluated the therapeutic capacity of these CART cells in vivo in a subcutaneous THP-1 tumor model. Mice treated with these CART cells showed a marked reduction of tumor volume. In summary we show here a pipeline to characterize in vitro the effectivity of new T cell products, in particular those designed to overcome some of the hurdles against solid tumors. Citation Format: Carla N. Castro, Veronica Bergo, Holger Weber, Philipp Metzger. In vitro cytotoxicity assays to support CAR T cell evaluation against solid tumors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 5242.

Causes Of Rising Drug Trafficking In India And Ways To Stop Drug Trafficking

Abstract Drug trafficking is the worldwide practice of distributing drugs and other substances which are legally banned under narcotics and associated laws. It includes the cultivation, manufacture, distribution, and sale of controlled substances. In India, the use of drugs in society especially among the younger generation has increased in the past decade and continuous to increase. This has direct and hidden effects on the future growth of the country. This paper discusses the problem of drug trafficking in India, their entry inside the country through the country's border and the various drugs which are seized in the country. It also discussed on how the investigation of drug-related cases can be improved by implementing different approaches to reduce the illegal trade of drugs. Drug trafficking is a global illicit trade involving the cultivation, manufacture, distribution and sale of substances which are subject to drug prohibition laws. UNODC is continuously monitoring and researching global illicit drug markets in order to gain a more comprehensive understanding of their dynamics. The consequences of drug abuse can never be overemphasized as it has birthed a lot of problems not only in family but in the nation as well as the international community. Some medical issues associated with drug abuse include – mental disorder, liver cirrhosis, lethargy, irritability, heart disorders, among others. Studies also reveal that drug addiction contributes largely to social consequences such as internet fraud, gang formation, disruption of normal educational activities, cultism, violence, armed robbery, kidnapping, rape, sexual abuse, reduced productivity. Drug and alcohol abuse are serious problems and has contributed largely to the sorry state of our dear nation. It has birthed a lot of social and medical problems, including school dropout, armed robbery, violence, mental disorder, irritability, heart disorders, to mention but a few. Talking about the way out the government alone cannot eradicate this social menace. It is a joint task of you and me – individuals, communities, families, schools, civil society, religious organizations, the media, business entities. Drug trafficking is a key part of this research. The author delves into analysing the current protective legislations in India in the light of drug trafficking and conclude by suggesting the necessary changes that can be implemented to stop drug trafficking.

The problem of slavery and human trafficking: International law and scientific discourse

The expansion of the range of issues related to modern slavery and human trafficking is associated with the intensification of scientific research in this area, which raises the issue of classification and systematization of research in this area. The publication aims at defining the main criteria for systematizing scientific works in the field of combating slavery and human trafficking, and at classifying and analysing one of the selected segments of this body of research. In the context of analysing the process of researching a particular area of scientific interest, the main tools used are the principles of objectivity, scientificity and systematicity, while general scientific methods of cognition – deduction and retrospective, as well as special legal methods – comparative legal and legal forecasting. The analysis of the content and issues of scientific reports on research conducted in the field of combating human trafficking has shown both their high professional level and their focus on processing and summarizing factual data that are mostly not available in the format of ordinary scientific articles. It has also been established that scientific reports are mostly focused on solving practical problems, which increases the benefit of using the formulated conclusions not only in scientific, but also in law enforcement and social work. The practical value of the study lies in the fact that for the first time, an attempt was made to conduct a systematic analysis of a selected segment of works on the problem of modern slavery and human trafficking

Human Trafficking Law Enforcement Over the Victims and Offenders: The Perspective of Anti-Trafficking Stakeholders

ABSTRACT Over the past two decades, the problem of human trafficking has risen to prominence on governmental and advocacy agendas worldwide. This phenomenon has prompted a rapid proliferation of international and national anti-trafficking laws. Within the broad landscape of human trafficking law, there remain many unexplored areas. The enforcement of these laws, in particular, requires further investigation, given the breadth of the subject matter. It remains unclear whether victims’ protection and human rights are being adequately upheld according to the law. Hence, this study was conducted using a qualitative approach to analyze anti-trafficking stakeholders’ interviews and police investigation documents. The findings reveal that police investigations tend to be narrowly focused on the severity of the offense and the corresponding punishment, using a harmonized legal framework. Meanwhile, victim-centered provisions such as rescue, rehabilitation, compensation, financial assistance, and the privacy of the victim are often overlooked and not effectively implemented within the legal system.

Peran Hukum Internasional dalam Memerangi Perdagangan Manusia: Tinjauan Studi Literatur

Human trafficking is a serious challenge in the modern world and requires serious attention from the international community. This article discusses the role of international law in efforts to combat human trafficking through a review of literature studies. By analyzing various previous studies and related reports, this article investigates how international law has developed to address the problem of human trafficking. Through a literature study, this article identifies various international legal approaches that have been taken to address human trafficking as well as evaluates the effectiveness of measures and the challenges faced by the international community in combating human trafficking. The results of this literature review provide an understanding of the international legal landscape regarding human trafficking, as well as identifying areas where further efforts are needed. This article concludes the importance of interstate cooperation and effective legal implementation in efforts to effectively combat human trafficking throughout the world.

Stakeholder perceptions of gaps and solutions in addressing child trafficking

IntroductionGovernments, researchers, and community-based organizations have mobilized to develop interventions and programs addressing child trafficking, resulting in large amounts of financial resources allocated to awareness-raising campaigns, crisis services for survivors, and increasing judicial responses to trafficking. Low-resource and low-income countries face the dual challenge of addressing child trafficking within an environment where extreme poverty is pervasive and customary norms might conflict with national anti-trafficking policies. The purpose of this study is to understand challenges faced in addressing child trafficking and identify interventions that are community-driven and contextually relevant. MethodologyThe study used a qualitative community-based participatory research approach by collaborating with local researchers, government, and NGOs to examine how key stakeholders perceive existing gaps in policies and programs aimed at countering child trafficking in Sierra Leone. ResultsSix gaps in policies and services were identified by stakeholders: access to and availability of local programs and services for families; access to and affordability of schooling and vocational training in local communities; lack of policy implementation and enforcement of existing laws, especially at the local level; inadequate funding for anti-trafficking service providers; lack of community support for survivors of trafficking, and a lack of coordinated and consistent community response. In a demonstration of the trauma-informed and survivor-centered study design, participants also suggested possible ways to bridge these gaps. Discussion and conclusionAn ecological approach is critical in designing policies and programs responsive to the complex problem of child trafficking within an environment of low resources and potential conflicts between cultural norms and national policies. Practitioners in such contexts must be culturally-competent and prepared to seamlessly work across the micro-mezzo-macro continuum to enhance the best interest of the child.

Islamic Law Challenges in Addressing Human Trafficking and Sexual Exploitation

Human trafficking and sexual exploitation remain complex global problems. Islamic law, as one of the legal systems in the world, has a strategic role in participating in overcoming this problem. However, the Islamic legal norms implementation requires support from the state and society. This research discusses the strategic role and challenges of the law in overcoming human trafficking and sexual exploitation. The research method used normative Islamic law with a philosophical approach. The analysis technique used prescriptive analysis, with the analysis process using Islamic legal reasoning. The research results show that Islamic law has a strategic role in resolving the problem of human trafficking and sexual exploitation. The argument is that, philosophically, Islamic law emphasizes the importance of maintaining human honor and dignity, while theoretically, Islamic law recognizes two main concepts in punishment, namely hudud and ta'zir. Hudud is a punishment determined by Allah and has clear rules in the Quran and Hadith. Meanwhile, ta'zir is a punishment determined by a judge for the benefit of society. The challenges of Islamic law in overcoming human trafficking and sexual exploitation are a lack of understanding of Islamic legal norms, which requires human values and justice; Islamic law is not implementable; and there is a perception that the principles of Islamic law can only be applied in Islamic countries. Therefore, global Muslim countries and communities are the main actors in maximizing the application of Islamic legal principles in overcoming human trafficking and sexual exploitation.

Comparative Legal Analysis on Drug Trafficking

Narcotic drug and psychotropic substances have been used in the world in different form since long time. Similarly trading in these substances has been carried on over a considerable period of time. Narcotic drug and psychotropic substances have been regarded as one of the worst enemies of the humans since centuries and it is same in this scientific and technological age. Drug trafficking and abuse is a global phenomenon and has acquired the dimension of epidemic, affects the economic policy of the state, corrupt the system and is also detrimental to the future of the Country. The illicit trafficking and abuse of these drug is raising at alarming rates and if the trafficking of these substances are not prevented then the same will bring big disaster and mismanagement in the system of governance, as well as future of mankind would be questionable. The drugs are cultivated and manufactured in some parts of the globe and are trafficked to other parts of the world by international criminal syndicates to satisfy the demands of the consuming public. Trafficking in narcotics is, therefore, a big challenge faced by the world community and the same needs to be addressed in order to find some practicable and long lasting solution. Inspite of the concerted efforts by various enforcement agencies both at the national and international level, the problem of trafficking continues to remain a big issue. There are a number of reasons for this illicit trade to continue and thrive unabated and it is believed that the most important factor which makes trafficking in narcotics a highly attractive proposition is that it is a high profitable criminal activity.

АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ МЕЖДУНАРОДНОГО СОТРУДНИЧЕСТВА В БОРЬБЕ С КОНВЕНЦИОННЫМИ ПРЕСТУПЛЕНИЯМИ

The problem of human trafficking itself is relevant for all countries of the world, regardless of the economic or political position of that country on the world stage. The current norms of international law, reflecting the interests of man and citizen, his freedoms and rights, require revision and rethink-ing, and, on this basis, the development of new approaches to the methods of operational-search and investigative activities aimed at combating this social evil- human trafficking.
 The article considers the problems of organizing international cooperation in combating human trafficking. It is suggested that, in order to solve these problems, the work aimed at more effective application of operational-search and investigative activities, collection and realization of evidence and assistance to victims and witnesses should be qualitatively improved. It is also proposed to intensify efforts to raise public awareness of the problem of human trafficking and to involve the gen-eral public in the fight against these crimes.

ASEAN Children Trafficking: The Status and Recommendations

Trafficking in persons is a major problem worldwide. ASEAN countries are not an exception to the challenge of trafficking in persons. Trafficking in children is a significant problem in ASEAN countries, whereby children are trafficked into exploitative labour and sexual exploitation. This study aimed to highlight the problem of trafficking in children in ASEAN countries and how children are exploited after being trafficked. The study findings will add to the existing knowledge on trafficking in general and the trafficking of children in particular in ASEAN countries. The researcher relied on a library-based (literature review) approach that involved analysis of existing literature on the topic. The study revealed that a lot of children are trafficked in ASEAN countries. It was also discovered that poverty, conflicts, and a promise of a better future are key drivers of trafficking. The research also revealed that labour and sexual exploitation are rampant among trafficked children. This paper adds to the existing body of knowledge on trafficking in children. ASEAN countries should come with joint concerted efforts to tame trafficking in children by sealing all the existing loopholes.

Deconstructing the Myth of Women Who Have Been Forced into Sex Trafficking in India

Trafficking of Women in India is a grave issue that has affected millions of women and girls, and the numbers have only been increasing daily. With more frequent occurrences of natural calamities and global pandemics like COVID-19, people from marginalized communities have become more vulnerable alongside the increasing cases of trafficking and exploitation of women post-pandemic period. Traffickers are increasingly expanding their avenues in establishing connections with vulnerable and marginalized people, especially from rural areas prone to the vagaries of nature and where economic opportunity is abysmal; most often, traffickers take to different roles to lure unsuspecting potential victims like posing as agents in the name of providing good jobs in large and metropolitan cities. Despite the seriousness of the issue, the majority of the masses mostly remain uninformed or prefer to stay aloof from it due to the issue being a topic of taboo. The paper shall attempt to deconstruct several myths and hearsay surrounding forced sex trafficking in India as a crucial step in addressing this multifaceted dimension of the problem of sex trafficking. It focuses on socioeconomic vulnerabilities, psychological coercion, social stigmatization, and limited choices that often propel women into the sex industry. The article has been framed to bring insights into the nuances and challenges faced by women; it highlights the importance of trauma-informed care, education, community awareness, and collaborative efforts in social work interventions. The integration of these holistic approaches is necessary to realize the goal of breaking the cycle of exploitation, with an aim to offer the victims an opportunity to reintegrate into society and rebuild their lives. The paper is based on the study of women trafficked from rural hinterlands of Indian subcontinents for sexual exploitation to various metropolitan cities of India. It attempts to comprehend the intricacies of their life and the complex nature of the problems they face through the continuum of source-transit-destination of trafficking syndicates.