Problem Of Resource Distribution Research Articles

Concrete Manifestations of Equity in Education, Using Finland as an Example

With the development of the economy and the times, education equity is receiving increasing attention. Educational equity in China has been gradually developed and improved in the optimization of policies, including the universalization of compulsory education, etc. However, in the context of rapid economic development, the problem of educational resource distribution has increased the difficulty for the complete realization of educational equity. In solving their own problems, they can learn from other countries' excellent education methods and strategies to create various possibilities for their own optimization. Therefore, this paper chooses Finland as a case study of education research, and based on the study of educational equity in Finland, it uses qualitative analysis and literature review to explore the problems China encounters in realizing educational equity. The ideas in this paper can help the government to alleviate the problem of educational inequity and make more people understand educational equity.

Optimal distribution of limited resource in a context of uncertainty

Object of research: methods of rational distribution of limited resource in a context of uncertainty. It is assumed that the system consists of a set of independently functioning elements, and effectiveness of these elements depends on the level of investment. The complexity of solving the problem using traditional methods depends on and is determined by the type of analytical description of production functions of the system elements. Significant difficulties arise if parameters of production functions are uncertain quantities, specified, for example, in terms of fuzzy mathematics. This circumstance emphasizes the relevance of studying approaches to solving the set problem of resource distribution for the case when its parameters are not clearly defined, and this circumstance also determines the goal of the work. Problems arising from the goal consist in developing mathematical models and methods for rational resource distribution for the main types of production functions with their parameters being fuzzy numbers of (L –R) type. To solve these problems, a method is proposed that transforms the original fuzzy problems into clear ones that can be solved using standard constrained optimization technologies. An important result of the research consists in the fact that the proposed method is universal, that is, it is applied in the same way to solve problems of resource distribution in systems wherein production functions of the elements can be of arbitrary nature. Refs.: 11 titles.

Digital Economy Development, Common Prosperity, and Carbon Emissions: An Empirical Study in China

Under the new development model, the digital economy has become a new engine to promote the green development of the economy and realize the goal of “double carbon”. Based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2010 to 2020, this paper empirically investigates the impact of the development of the digital economy on energy and carbon emissions using a series of econometric models such as baseline regression, a mechanism test, and the spatial Durbin model, etc. Common prosperity plays an intermediary role between digital economy development and carbon emissions; digital economic development optimizes resource allocation, effectively solves the problem of uneven resource distribution, and reduces energy and carbon emissions while achieving common prosperity. In addition, green innovation, industrial structure, urbanization level, R&D intensity, and the degree of marketization also have different degrees of influence on energy and carbon emissions. Therefore, the government should accelerate the construction of new digital infrastructure and implement the digital economy development strategy according to local conditions, so as to promote the digital economy to produce a more significant carbon emission reduction effect.

Евристичні моделі вимірювальних процедур в задачах аналітичного дослідження тензометричних систем

The trend of increasing the complexity and hardware of measurement systems (MSS) remains constant in connection with the massive use of computer technology in measurement processes. The excessive complexity of the newly created AZSV, the high cost of components and software, and the sufficiently low level of production quality do not allow us to rule out the possibility of errors, which cause a violation of the AZSV's performance as a whole, as well as a decrease in their productivity. The term «reliability of the AZSV», similar to the term «reliability of the equipment» in the tasks of diagnostics of strain gauge equipment, means that «failures», in this case (it means the presence in the composition of the SV, in addition to purely hardware, as well as software), as a result of the appearance of errors, has a qualitatively different physical nature than purely AZ failures. This indicates the possibility of using certain terms and indicators of the reliability of technical means in the study of the quality of AZSV. In particular, this is justified by the need to solve the problem of resource (or cost) distribution between the AZ and the software (software) while ensuring the given reliability indicator of the JI. Checking the correct functioning of AZ and software, which are part of the JI, is carried out at the stage of configuration and testing. As a rule, the main factor in the adjustment is the time spent on it. Therefore, in a number of models for assessing the reliability of JI, along with the necessary time of their operation in regular modes (the actual implementation of the measurement process), it is necessary to consider another time factor – the time of setting up AZ and PZ in relation to the use of these means as intended. An effective way to determine the reliability of strain gauge systems, and especially at the design stage, is the use of mathematical modeling, the results of which are determined by the correctness of the models of measurement procedures based on it

Negatively Competitive Incoherent Feedforward Loops Mitigate Winner-Take-All Resource Competition.

The effects of host resource limitations on the function of synthetic gene circuits have gained significant attention over the past years. Hosts, having evolved resource capacities optimal for their own genome, have been repeatedly demonstrated to suffer from the added burden of synthetic genetic programs, which may in return pose deleterious effects on the circuit's function. Three resource controller archetypes have been proposed previously to mitigate resource distribution problems in dynamic circuits: the local controller, the global controller, and a "negatively competitive" regulatory (NCR) controller that utilizes synthetic competition to combat resource competition. The dynamics of negative feedback forms of these controllers have been previously investigated, and here we extend the analysis of these resource allocation strategies to the incoherent feedforward loop (iFFL) topology. We demonstrate that the three iFFL controllers can attenuate Winner-Take-All resource competition between two bistable switches. We uncover that the parameters associated with the synthetic competition in the NCR iFFL controller are paramount to its increased efficacy over the local controller type, while the global controllers demonstrate to be relatively ineffectual. Interestingly, unlike the negative feedback counterpart topologies, iFFL controllers exhibit a unique coupling of switch activation thresholds which we term the "coactivation threshold shift" effect. Finally, we demonstrate that a nearly fully orthogonal set of bistable switches could be achieved by pairing an NCR controller with an appropriate level of controller resource consumption.

OPTIMIZATION OF RESOURCE DISTRIBUTION UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF FUZZY INITIAL DATA

The problem of resource distribution in several directions of its spending is considered for the case when the parameters of the distribution efficiency criterion are fuzzy numbers with given membership functions. The purpose of the study is the development of mathematical models and methods for solving the problem of resource allocation for practically the most important criteria, taking into account the fuzziness of the numerical values – of their parameters. An analysis of the well-known approach to solving the problem is carried out and its main shortcomings are identified, which motivate the continuation of research. A method for solving the stated problem is proposed, the computational implementation of which contains three stages. At the first stage, using the membership functions of the fuzzy parameters of the problem, the membership function of the criterion is formed. The function obtained in this case is approximated at the second stage using a four-parameter distribution. An important advantage of this distribution is the possibility, by varying the numerical values – of its parameters over a wide range, to change the mathematical expectation, variance, and asymmetry of the values – specified by this distribution, providing a high quality of approximation. Thus, the criterion for the effectiveness of the task is determined. At the third stage, a mathematical model of the optimization problem of the distribution of a limited resource is formulated. The following three options for constructing an optimality criterion are considered: maximizing the criterion with the maximum possible value of its membership function; maximization of the criterion, provided that the value of its membership function is not lower than the specified one; maximization of the criterion, provided that the value of the membership function of each of its terms is not lower than the specified one. Each of the resulting problems is a standard problem of mathematical programming and is solved by known methods. A possible direction for further research is discussed in order to improve the adequacy of the used analytical descriptions of the membership functions of the fuzzy parameters of the problem.

MANAGEMENT IN HIGH-DIMENSIONAL MARKOV SYSTEMS

A problem of analyzing Markov systems along with a large number of states has been considered. The conventional computational procedure for obtaining analytical ratios for calculating the distribution of system states is based on the use of a system of Kolmogorov differential equations. The system of linear algebraic equations being formed later can be easily solved numerically. However, the complexity of obtaining an analytical solution increases rapidly with the increase in the problem dimension. In this regard, the purpose is to develop an effective method for studying Markov systems, the computational procedure of which ensures the possibility of obtaining solutions for high-dimensional models. The method is based on the decomposition of states graph and system transitions. The obtained analytical expressions allow to set and solve the problem of rational resource distribution for changing the values of the system parameters to increase its efficiency. The method ensures the possibility of solving management problems in Markov systems along with a large number of possible states. An example of method application has been considered.

Heterogeneous 1-out-of-n standby systems with limited unit operation time

Intensive research has been devoted to investigating the reliability of standby systems in the past several decades. The existing models, however, mostly fail to address bounded operation time of the system units (e.g., resulting from limited production resource in practice). In this work, we contribute by modeling and optimizing the mission success probability (MSP) of a 1-out-of-n standby system with a required mission time and heterogenous units, each characterized by its time-to-failure distribution, initial age, and maximum possible operation time. We suggest a numerical MSP evaluation algorithm and solve the optimal unit activation sequence (UAS) problem with the objective to maximize the MSP of the considered standby system. Impacts of mission time and unit operation time limit on the MSP and optimized UAS solutions are examined using a case study of a water supply system for cooling a chemical reactor. Based on the case study, we further demonstrate the joint optimal product resource distribution and UAS problem and the optimal loading problem as well as their solutions of maximizing MSP.

Cultivation of Entrepreneurial Psychology and Innovation Ability by New Media Art Under the Reform of Publishing Industry.

In order to optimize the resource allocation of the traditional publishing industry in the new media era, it is proposed to integrate the traditional publishing and digital publishing industries to solve the problem of unbalanced resource distribution under dual-track conditions. Professional talents with innovative entrepreneurial ability and psychology in colleges and universities are cultivated to promote the integration and reform process of the publishing industry under the background of new media art. First, the study analyzes the digital reform issues facing the development of the publishing industry in the new media era. Second, in view of the development situation of the publishing industry in the Yangtze River Delta, it is proposed to establish a development model of integrated publishing in the Yangtze River Delta through resource allocation. Then, under the new media art form, the teaching mode of creative and entrepreneurial talents training in art colleges and universities is optimized to cultivate students’ innovative ability and entrepreneurial positive psychology. The research results show that the number of books printed in Shanghai in the Yangtze River Delta is 13,000 types per year, and the number is still rising; however, periodicals and newspapers are affected by the new media industry, and the number of publications is declining. The printing volume has dropped by 50% in 9years; the questionnaire survey results show that 68% of the students are very interested in entrepreneurial activities, but 53% of the students have not carried out entrepreneurial activities at all, indicating that the students’ entrepreneurial ability is insufficient. The results provide a reference for studying the reform direction of the publishing industry and cultivating entrepreneurial talents in the context of new media.

Resource Allocation Schemes for 5G Network: A Systematic Review.

Fifth-generation (5G) communication technology is intended to offer higher data rates, outstanding user exposure, lower power consumption, and extremely short latency. Such cellular networks will implement a diverse multi-layer model comprising device-to-device networks, macro-cells, and different categories of small cells to assist customers with desired quality-of-service (QoS). This multi-layer model affects several studies that confront utilizing interference management and resource allocation in 5G networks. With the growing need for cellular service and the limited resources to provide it, capably handling network traffic and operation has become a problem of resource distribution. One of the utmost serious problems is to alleviate the jamming in the network in support of having a better QoS. However, although a limited number of review papers have been written on resource distribution, no review papers have been written specifically on 5G resource allocation. Hence, this article analyzes the issue of resource allocation by classifying the various resource allocation schemes in 5G that have been reported in the literature and assessing their ability to enhance service quality. This survey bases its discussion on the metrics that are used to evaluate network performance. After consideration of the current evidence on resource allocation methods in 5G, the review hopes to empower scholars by suggesting future research areas on which to focus.

Formalization of Influence Processes of Fuzzy Time Flow on the Solution to Time Resource Distribution Problems

Formalization of Influence Processes of Fuzzy Time Flow on the Solution to Time Resource Distribution Problems

Metro emergency resource distribution model

A novel station-level vulnerability algorithm that takes both passenger flow and network topology into account to reveal critical stations in a metro network is proposed. A vulnerability-based emergency resource distribution model (V-ERDM) is proposed in which a given metro station's vulnerability is measured by a combined index of network topology and passenger demand. The paper compares the proposed V-ERDM with a coverage-oriented model (i.e. a similar model without the vulnerability measure) to evaluate its performance. The models were implemented on two Chinese metro networks (Shaoxing and Shanghai), and these applications validated the feasibility of the proposed models. The unique contributions of this work are two-fold: network vulnerability in a metro system based on the characteristics of the metro network is proposed and the paper introduces a vulnerability index into the emergency resource distribution problem.

Evaluation of Machine Selection Problem by Entropy Weighted TOPSIS Method: An Example of A Natural Stone Company

Sürekli yeniliğin simgesi olan teknolojik gelişimlerin bir sonucu olan ar-ge faaliyetleri makine tasarımına ve özelliklerine yansımaktadır. İşletmelerce önemli bir karar olan yeni teknoloji kullanımı bağlamında, bu çalışmada doğal taş(mermer) sektöründe faaliyet gösteren bir işletmede mermer işleme makinesi seçimi problemi fayda ve maliyet kriterleri göz önünde bulundurularak değerlendirilmiştir. Değerlendirme 14 farklı makine markası ve 5 farklı kriter (motor gücü, devir hızı, Z ekseni, maksimum testere çapı ve fiyat)bağlamında yapılmıştır. Kriterleri değerlendirmede Entropi yöntemi, alternatif makineleri değerlendirmede de TOPSIS yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Sonuçta yapılan objektif değerlendirmede en önemli kriterin “maksimum testere çapı (mm)” olduğu ve alternatif mermer işleme makineleri içinden en iyi alternatifin Alternatif 11 (A11) olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Kullanılan yöntemler ve elde edilen sonuçlar dâhilinde bu çalışma, uygulayıcıların sadece makine seçiminde değil, diğer tüm kaynak dağıtımı problemlerinde yararlanacakları bir referans olma özelliği taşımaktadır.

Networked Base-Stock Inventory Control in Complex Distribution Systems

This paper addresses the resource distribution problem in logistic networks with a complex, multi-echelon interconnection structure. The considered class of systems encompasses two types of nodes: controlled nodes subject to inventory management decisions and sources providing goods to the system to sustain the sales. The stock gathered at the controlled nodes is used to satisfy an exogenous, uncertain demand that may be placed at any controlled node. The stock is replenished from the sources and other controlled nodes, and the flow of goods proceeds with positive lead-time delay. The network topology does not assume any structural simplifications typically considered in inventory control problems, i.e., the nodes can form a link with any other node which leads to a mesh, multi-echelon structure. The contribution of this paper is twofold: First, the classical order-up-to policy is analyzed formally with respect to such nontrivial connectivity architectures, and conditions for full demand satisfaction under any bounded demand pattern are established. Next, a networked extension of the classical policy is proposed. The introduced networked policy is shown to generate smaller holding costs while maintaining the same service level as the classical policy. The formal study is supported by numerical tests involving genetic algorithms and simulation-based optimization.

Deployment and Resource Distribution of Mobile Edge Hosts Based on Correlated User Mobility

Mobile edge computing (MEC) is the next paradigm to support the enormous growth of diverse mobile applications that require high computational power, low latency, and high bandwidth. The user experience can be enhanced beyond the constrained resources limited by the user equipment by offloading computation-intensive tasks to the mobile edge (ME) hosts. However, ensuring service continuity of the offloaded tasks while users are moving from cell to cell is a critical factor to be kept in mind before selecting the locations suitable for ME host deployment. Therefore, in this paper, we present an optimization model to address the resource distribution problem of mobile users in an ME system so that the total number of tasks accomplished is maximized by considering the user mobility patterns in the network. Despite the fact that the correlation of human mobility during peak hours is present in the traces of urban cities, there is a lack of a correlated human mobility model in the existing literature. We first developed a synthetic correlated mobility model to reproduce the human traces of mobility during morning peak hours. We then developed a utilitarian resource distribution algorithm to solve the ME host deployment and the resource distribution problem. We anticipate that the findings of this paper will contribute to the development of a real-time network management and monitoring system in the ME system to detect changes in MEC resource requirements and optimize MEC resource orchestration based on the predicted user mobility and services’ usage demands. Our proposed methods will: 1) become a critical part of the future network management system of 5G that employs MEC; 2) contribute to the standardization of the MEC and 5G platforms; and 3) help network operators reduce the massive cost of deploying and operating a large number of distributed servers in the next-generation mobile networks.

Determination of the optimal production volume of the industrial enterprise

The article observes the methodology and practices of formulating and solving the problem of resource distribution for the industrial enterprise effective management. Methods and models of linear programming are widely used when solving problems of economical and efficient use of resources. One of the tasks solved by the method of linear programming is to determine the optimal production volume having limited resources. The implementation of the found optimal plan will ensure the achievement of the company’s goal of maximum efficiency. Secondly, the mobilization of surplus resources within the identified reserves will increase the efficiency of the industrial enterprise, and thus stabilize its market positions.

Hierarchic Optimization of Resource the Resources Allocation among the Units of Aviation Company

Abstract This paper deals with the problem of optimal resource distribution in optimal way among the units of an aviation company. This task could be solved by using the method of dynamic programming. Using Mathcad 14 programming language, there was created a special program that allows to make corresponding calculations. The solution of the real task for an aviation company is observed in this paper as a numerical sample of limited resource distribution between the units of the company in order to get the maximum profit.

ДОБЫВАЮЩИЕ КОМПАНИИ И МЕСТНЫЕ СООБЩЕСТВА: СОЦИАЛЬНОЕ ПАРТНЕРСТВО КАК ОСНОВА БЕСКОНФЛИКТНОГО РАЗВИТИЯ (на примере провинции Бату Хиджау, Индонезия). Рецензия: Enacting the Corporation: an American Mining Firm in Post-Authoritarian Indonesia by Marina Welker. Berkeley – Los-Angeles – London: University of California Press, 2014. 289 p.

<p>The articlerepresents a review of the monograph by American anthropologist Marina Welker (Cornell University,USA), dedicated to the socioanthropological study of the relationship of the American industrial corporation Newmont leading mineral extraction on Sambava island (Indonesia), with the local population communities. Based on results of two-year field work, the author analyzes the most important aspects in terms of social tension in areas of intensive mining, the main components of the conflict discourse around the resource rent extraction and distribution problems, and the experience of the American corporation for the normalization of relations with local communities. The book under review is of considerable interest from the point of view of development in the Russian practice of socio-anthropological research in the problem field extractivism, its social and environmental development impact. This review is available to Russian-speaking reader for the first time. Previously, it has been published twicein foreign scientific journals in English [1] and Estonian [2]. </p>

Multi-Targeted Downlink Scheduling for Overload-States in LTE Networks: Proportional Fractional Knapsack Algorithm With Gaussian Weights

In Long-Term Evolution (LTE) and beyond systems, radio resource scheduling mechanism plays one of the main roles in system performance maximization. From this perspective, due to the conflicting quality requirements of different traffic types, providing a compromise among all performance targets for heterogeneous traffic is difficult. Moreover, the centralized scheduling mechanism for the ever growing number of users along with the massive variety of services, especially in overload states, is infeasible due to the extensive cost of information acquisition and computations. In this paper, we design resource scheduling policies for supporting the efficient delivery of heterogeneous traffic in overload states of a cell. To this end, we cast the class-based bearer-level resource distribution problem as a Proportional Fractional Knapsack model. The objective of the formulated problem is to meet Quality of Service (QoS) requirements and provide fairness for all standardized service classes. Since the solution of this problem is computationally expensive, due to the uncertainty and limited information on network and user operation, we develop a Gaussian-based analytical model and drive a formula for simplified computation of the weight of service bearers. Then, we propose Proportional Fractional Knapsack algorithm for guaranteeing effective utilization of resources for heterogeneous traffic. Finally, performance evaluation results are provided and demonstrate that the proposed scheduling approach can provide a significant level of fairness, in balance with the QoS and throughput performance targets, comparable with optimal ones.

Distributed resources and care choice: formulation through the capability approach

Background: Facing the problem of healthcare resource distribution under a severe healthcare budget constraint, care providers or healthcare authorities are strongly required to cut costs, which co ...