Problematic Relationship Research Articles

Are Today's Gamers Tomorrow's Gamblers? The Relationship Between Problem Gaming and Online Problem Gambling, and the Indirect Effect of Purchasing Loot Boxes' Risk.

The present study aims to bridge the gap regarding the potential influence of problem gaming on problem gambling (PG) by examining the potential indirect effect of risky loot box use in this relationship. We also aim to examine these relationships in an understudied cultural context, that is, Eastern European, thus enlarging the current geographical scope of the research on problematic gaming and gambling. The research was conducted on a sample of 703 Romanians (56.5 percent male, 43.5 percent female), aged between 18 and 46 (M = 23.07; SD = 5.24), who play video games frequently. They completed instruments measuring problem gaming, online PG, and purchasing loot boxes risk. Our findings also indicate that risky engagement with loot box mechanism had a significant indirect effect on the association between the two types of problematic behavior (i.e., gaming and gambling). This suggests that excessive involvement in online gaming is linked with an increased propensity for problematic use of loot boxes, and further with a higher risk of PG. Our results indicate that higher involvement in video gaming may be associated with higher levels of risky engagement, which could plausibly lead to a greater likelihood of purchasing them and this more problematic relationship with loot boxes further increases the risk of PG. Our study contributes to advancing knowledge about these constructs while suggesting the negative impact of loot boxes in that their acquisition is related to higher involvement in online gambling.

Dynamic multiobjective optimization via an improved r-dominance relation and a novel prediction approach

When decision makers are only interested in a portion of the Pareto optimal front (PF) in dynamic multiobjective optimization problems (DMOPs), dynamic multiobjective evolutionary algorithms (DMOEAs) need to search only for the PF portion of interest to decision makers. However, this is challenging for most existing DMOEAs, as they are designed to search the entire PF, overlooking the preferences of decision makers. Therefore, we present a novel dynamic multiobjective optimization algorithm based on decision makers’ preference information, involving an improved r-dominance relation and a response strategy. It focuses on searching for the preference solutions (the region of interest) according to the decision makers’ preference information in dynamic multiobjective optimization. The improved r-dominance relation adapts the angle to measure the closeness between the solution and the preference information, which solves the convergence problem of the r-dominance relation since the original r-dominance relation has difficulty converging to the true PF when the preference information is located in the feasible objective region. The prediction mechanism is based on the movement of the population’s special points; it helps the population make adjustments in its moving direction and step size towards the new PF when a change is detected. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is efficient for dynamic multiobjective optimization and is competitive compared to state-of-the-art methods.

The influence of sibling relationship quality on the social, emotional, and behavioral functioning of children and adolescents: a scoping review

ABSTRACT Families play a pivotal role in the development of social-emotional outcomes. Recent research indicates that sibling relationship quality plays a particularly important role in child and adolescent social, emotional, and behavioral development. To date, there are few studies that have translated this information in a manner that is useful for professionals working with children, adolescents, and their families. The present scoping review aims to fill this gap in the literature. Twenty-three empirical studies published between 1990 and 2021 were reviewed and synthesized. Results highlighted the unique ways that sibling negativity and positivity influence the development of social, emotional, and behavioral outcomes. Namely, sibling negativity was found to play a primary role in influencing adverse outcomes, such as internalizing problems, externalizing problems, and social difficulties. However, in some cases, sibling positivity was found to decrease the incidence of these outcomes. Sibling positivity was also found to be a protective factor in the context of adverse life events, such as trauma. Results indicate a need for assessment strategies aimed at identifying problematic sibling relationship qualities. Additionally, results support the need for interventions that reduce sibling negativity and promote sibling positivity that can be delivered by professionals as well as families.

The Impact of Domestic Violence in the Mental Perspective on Next Generation’s Attitudes towards Marriage and Love

Domestic violence will have the huge psychological impact on the second generation’s concepts about marriage and love, especially in the model of IPV. These concepts including several different reasons, various reaction for treatment and the harmful impact on victims. (focus on next generations) As I will show, reasons for distribution of economics not equal, problem of intimate relationship, different life habits, gender inequality in society and personality flaws of the abuser. In this article, I use the questionnaire and interview as the methods for deep research. This study will conclude the mental impact for children who experienced violent behavior, such as difficulty socializing with people and being alienated from people. In addition, people are always notice some obvious effects for domestic abuse. They are tending to ignoring the underlying systemic issues and the police department’s attitude for cases receivement are highly related to terms of data authenticity.

Home Language and Philosophers’ Language

This paper investigates whether Wittgenstein can be considered an ‘ordinary language philosopher’. A central role in his thinking is that of what may be called our ‘home language’ - the language we bring along in coming to do philosophy. The intelligibility of philosophers’ language depends on its relation to the home language. This is the central point of Philosophical Investigations § 116. Traditional philosophical ‘uses’ of a word like ‘knowledge’ have a problematic relation to our customary uses of the word. In consequence, traditional philosophers have sometimes lost the grip on how such words are actually used in human interaction.

The pathways of political elites in the modern information and communication reality

The article is devoted to the socio-political understanding of the functioning of the political and administrative elite in the modern information and communication space. The relevance of the research topic is based on the need to redefine, in current political and social reality, the concepts of political elite and administrative elite, as well as to identify its distinctive features. The authors lead theoretical foundations for defining the concepts of political elite and administrative elite from the point of view of linguistics and political science, analyse the approaches and models of western and domestic researchers on the problem of relations between the political and administrative elites, and put forward the thesis about the relative independence of the administrative elite as a category of political science analysis and the validity of studying public administration outside the framework of the concept of the dichotomy of political and administrative elites. The final part of provides the authors’ assessment of the role and the pathways of Western political elites in the context of modern geopolitical reality.

배럿의 ‘구성된 감정이론’의 도덕 상대주의 문제에 관한 연구: 초등 도덕교육적 시사점을 중심으로

L. F. Barrett criticizes the existing essential view of emotion and insists on ‘The theory of constructed emotion’. From the perspective of construction, emotions are not passive reactions, but rather a process of active meaning construction based on concepts accumulated in experience. L. F. Barrett’s theory, which provides a new perception about emotions, suggests a new direction when educating emotions in moral education. However, L. F. Barrett’s theory falls into the problem of relativism in terms of moral emotion. In other words, problems claiming different moral legitimacy for different emotions felt in the same problem situation arise. Therefore, this study focuses on emotional language to overcome the relativism problem of moral emotion. In particular, it is intended to provide a basis for solving the problem of moral relativism by distinguishing the language of thin ethical concepts and the language of thick ethical concepts of meta-ethics. As a specific educational method for this, the application of role play for the communication and expansion of concepts, and the learning of emotional concepts were presented.

Transference and countertransference in couples therapy

This article, initially presented as part of the series “Lectures from the Tavistock Relationship Model”, aims to give a brief overview of the development and current understanding and usage of the central psychoanalytic concepts of transference and countertransference in psychoanalytic couple therapy. The article discusses the clinical manifestations of the above concepts and compares and contrasts these phenomena in couple work with how they might manifest in individual analytic treatment. The author argues that the terrain of transference and countertransference in analytically informed couple therapy is multi‐layered, offering challenges and opportunities for the therapist. Some of the clinical challenges of working analytically with couples in the transference and formulating interpretations based on the therapist’s countertransference are highlighted. It is suggested that, while the triangular setting of psychoanalytic couple therapy can invite enactments that draw in the therapist, these enactments taking place in the triadic setting made up of the couple and their therapist also offer rich opportunities for working through the couple‐patients’ deepseated oedipal complexes which permeate the problematic relationship presented in couple therapy. The above is illustrated throughout by reference to historical texts from the Tavistock Relationship tradition, as well as literary examples, such as Jane Austen’s novel, 'Persuasion'.

Slovak National Communism in Interwar Czechoslovakia

Abstract Slovak national communism as a specific approach to the problem of Czech-Slovak relations gained a significant position within the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia soon after its establishment in 1921. This article analyzes the foundations of this phenomenon and the evolving attitudes of the first generation of Slovak communist intellectuals and Party functionaries. The article’s primary focus is on the Slovak communists’ views regarding the official state doctrine of a unified Czechoslovak nation, Czech-Slovak relations, and the issue of Slovak autonomy. The study highlights the significant external influences, particularly the directives of the Communist International and the pre-existing national stereotypes, that shaped the worldview and nationalist tendencies of Slovak communists.

Associations of disordered eating and unhealthy weight control behaviors with cardiovascular health: The coronary artery risk development in young adults study.

Few studies have investigated disordered eating and unhealthy weight control behaviors and cardiovascular health (CVH) outside of adolescence and early adulthood. We examined the cross-sectional and prospective associations of these behaviors and CVH in middle adulthood. A total of 2,095 Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults participants were assessed at Year 10 (Y10, 1995-1996) and Year 30 (Y30, 2015-2016). The Y10-administered Questionnaire on Eating and Weight Patterns-Revised was used to create the problematic relationship to eating and food (PREF) score (range 0-8). Higher scores indicated greater disordered eating and/or unhealthy weight control behaviors across eight components. PREF was modeled categorically: 0-1 (reference), 2-3, and 4-8. Diet, physical activity, smoking, blood pressure, cholesterol, glucose, and body mass index (BMI) were measured at Y10 and Y30 (diet at Y7 and Y20) and used to define CVH. CVH was modeled categorically: poor-to-intermediate (0-9) and ideal (10-14; reference). Logistic regression was used to evaluate associations between PREF and CVH categories and components. PREF 4-8 was associated with Y10 poor-to-intermediate CVH (OR = 2.35, 95% confidence interval (CI) [1.78, 3.10]) but not Y30 (OR = 1.34, 95% CI [0.96, 1.87]) compared to PREF 0-1. PREF 2-3 was not associated with Y10 or Y30 CVH. Individual PREF components were not uniformly associated with individual CVH components, although all PREF components were associated with Y10 poor-to-intermediate BMI. Disordered eating and unhealthy weight control behaviors are cross-sectionally but not prospectively associated with poorer CVH during middle age. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

“Examining Anew”:

In common with many Viennese thinkers of his time, Arnold Schoenberg was an avid reader of the writings of Karl Kraus. In his day, Kraus was as famous for his recitations of his own works as for the writings themselves, his charismatic renderings producing almost ecstatic responses from audiences. Elias Canetti describes Kraus’ recitations as sites within which the audience was “learning how to hear”.[1] This is both about refining one’s sensitivity to sound and about becoming more sensitive to ideas that are carried upon the acoustic cantilena of the words. The importance of a focus upon listening cannot be over-estimated if one is trying to understand the relationship between Kraus’ style of presentation, the compositions of the Second Viennese School and performances of their works. Schoenberg saw an expression of ‘truth’ in the language of Kraus, an artist for whom what is said and how it is delivered were intimately connected but whose art’s significance lay, as Nicholas Cook has written, “not in the effects it made on the audience […] but in how far the artist, in creating it had attained ‘the origin’”.[2] This seems to echo the often problematic relationship between embodied sound and embedded idea that colours common perceptions of Schoenberg’s music. This article tests these claims through a case study of Schoenberg’s Herzgewächse Op. 20, linking a reassessment of its historicity with aspects of the tension between the musical material and its realisation when uncovered in performance. It suggests that the ‘remaking’ of the voice embedded in the demands written into the soprano soloist’s line becomes a series of ethically-charged encounters between composer, performer (idealised and actual) and, ultimately, audience. These encounters are fraught with hazard, redrawing the boundaries of what constitutes ‘right action’ in terms of creation, enactment and reception. [1] Elias Canetti, The Torch in my Ear, (London: Granta, 1999), 220. [2] Nicholas Cook, “Schenker’s Theory of Music as Ethics”, in Journal of Musicology 7.4. (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1989), 425.

Power and its exercise in the Vatican City State

AbstractThe problem of relations between Church and state has existed from the very beginnings of Christianity and has evolved over centuries. The dominant model today is one of separation between the state and religious communities. In the context of the Roman Catholic Church, the Vatican City State remains the only exception to this principle. This article examines the tensions inherent in the way in which the Roman Pontiff, as head of the Vatican City State, exercises both religious and secular power, and how rule of law principles operate to constrain the operation of power as between the various organs of this state.

Formation of Inter-Ethnic Solidarity of The Kazakhstani Society Based on The Implementation of The Multiculturalism Concept in The Student Environment

The article presents the results of a sociological study on the problem of modern inter-ethnic relations among students based on the concept of multiculturalism. The purpose of this study is to identify the attitudes of urban students towards the implementation of the ideology of multiculturalism, and the implementation of interethnic communication; to identify possible strategies for their behavior in a situation of interethnic tension and conflict in the context of the implemented state policy in the field of interethnic relations. The survey showed that Kazakhstani students have a high level of interethnic tolerance and are ready to enter into interethnic relations, which confirms the existence and implementation of the ideas of multiculturalism. The ideas of multiculturalism in the higher education system of Kazakhstan are implemented through various mechanisms that allow for preserving ethnic diversity and strengthening interethnic harmony, which contributes to the formation of interethnic solidarity in society.

Asystemic Application of the System of Law

In the prism of a specific act of law enforcement, an urgent problem of systemic relations between norms and principles of various branches of law that are outside the traditional institution of bluntness has been identified. The theses were substantiated that the application of the rule of law should be based on a systematic approach to the entire legal space, that compliance or enforcement of a prescription within one branch of law should not be a tort-forming factor in another branch of law, the norms of one branch of law objectively cannot prohibit what is permitted by the norms of another branch of law; if this is the case, then this indicates a systemic problem of the legal space. And this question is addressed not so much to the legislator as to the law enforcement officer, the answer to it is in the plane of professional legal understanding. Only the formation of a systematic approach to the application not of a single rule of law, but of normative legal prescriptions in a system of corresponding links with the provisions of other norms of various branches of law can serve as a guarantee of proper law enforcement.

Simulation‐Training‐Based Deep Learning Approach to Microscopic Ghost Imaging

Herein, deep learning‐ghost imaging (DLGI) based on a digital micromirror device is realized to avoid the difficulties of a charge‐coupled device (CCD) scientific camera being unable to obtain the sample images in extremely weak illumination conditions and to solve the problem of the inverse relationship between imaging quality and imaging time in practical applications. Deep learning for computational ghost imaging typically requires the collection of a large set of labeled experimental data to train a neural network. Herein, we demonstrate that a practically usable neural network can be prepared based on the simulation results. The acquisition results of the CCD scientific camera and the simulation results with low sampling are used as the training set (1000 observations) and we can complete the data acquisition process within one hour. The results show that the proposed DLGI method can be used to significantly improve the quality of the reconstructed images when the sampling rate is 60%. This method also reduces the imaging time and the memory usage, while simultaneously improving the imaging quality. The imaging results of the proposed DLGI method have great significance for application in clinical diagnosis.

Those Infinite, Multiform Stories without Fixity: Myth and History, a Very Long Engagement

This paper deals with the problematic relationship between ancient historiography and mythology, or mythological stories as historical sources for historical research. Although Greek historiography had, in a sense, already been confronted with the problem of mythological intrusions into the substance of methodologically well-developed historical procedures (as early as the 5th century BC), Roman historiography continued for a long time to critically investigate and purify the stories of the foundation myths. This paper presents a detailed analysis of some methodologically relevant passages that reveal the attitudes of individual Greek and Roman historiographers towards myth as a (non-)source. At the same time, it questions the attitude of (early) Roman historiography towards myth by examining the philosophical treatise of the 2nd/3rd century philosopher Sextus Empiricus.

How strong is the democratic defence of ‘defence spending?’ Consequence of military expenditure for democracy in OECD countries

AbstractThe article identifies and seeks to abridge a gap in the literature consisting of the problem of relations between military expenditure and democracy, especially the consequences of the first for the second. It specifically investigates the consequences that military expenditure produces for democracy among contemporary Western and comparable societies such as OECD countries during 2006–2017. It first surveys the relevant pertinent literature about the relationship of military expenditure and militaristic processes with democracy and political, civil and individual liberties. Then it proposes a theoretical sociological framework for approaching the problem of military expenditure and democracy, focusing on the consequences of the first for the second variable. It develops this framework by formulating testable hypotheses regarding the nature of consequences that military expenditure has for democracy. Next, it specifies data and their sources, the method and variables that the study uses. It reports empirical findings such as descriptive and proximately causal (regression) results. It infers that these findings for the most part support the theory and hypotheses that large and increasing military expenditure has adverse consequence for liberal democracy in general, and in OECD countries in particular.

Potential For Religious Exploitation of Conflict in Indonesia

In Indonesia, the problem of inter-religious relations seriously needs attention. Conflicts that use religious sentiment mostly exploit religious diversity to hide the real intention. The exploitation of religion in the form of falsifying religious identity is used as an effort to destabilize Indonesia, and religious interpretations are used as justification for discriminating against and dominating other religious groups, which is often found in conflicts in Indonesia. Potential adversaries likely use hybrid war to break unity and trust among Indonesians, to disintegrate the Republic of Indonesia and ultimately to control Indonesia's natural resources. Cross-institutional and civil group cooperation is needed to strengthen tolerance and affirm harmony in diversity, where Indonesian people embrace mutual understanding, care for diversity, and strengthen unity between people of different religions.

Intimate Partner Violence and Antenatal Depression Among Underserved Pregnant Women.

Introduction: Few studies have examined the associations of intimate partner violence (IPV) exposure during pregnancy and types of IPV with antenatal depression among underserved pregnant women. Methods: Data came from participants from a Healthy Start program in South Carolina between 2015 and 2019 (n = 1,629). The first two questions in the Woman Abuse Screening Tool (WAST) were used to measure IPV exposure, that is, having a problematic relationship with their partner. Those who had IPV exposure were assessed with six additional questions of the WAST. Principal component analysis was conducted on the 8-item WAST data to identify underlying types of IPV exposure. Antenatal depression was defined as the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scores ≥16. Results: Participants were racially diverse (71% black, 21% white) with 85% Medicaid recipients. Nearly 12% of participants reported IPV exposure and 30% reported antenatal depression. The odds of having IPV exposure were higher among unmarried women, those with less than a high school education, and those who lacked family support. The odds of having antenatal depression were 2.5 times higher (95% CI: 1.9-3.5) among women with IPV exposure. After controlling for covariates, a one-point increase in the scores for psychological IPV (Factor 1) or a problematic relationship (Factor 3) was associated with increased odds of antenatal depression. Conclusion: This is one of the first studies to estimate the prevalence of IPV exposure using a proxy measure (a problematic relationship) among underserved U.S. pregnant women. Its positive association with antenatal depression suggests the utility of screening for a problematic relationship using a two-item WAST and providing assistance to those with IPV exposure.

Industrial Relation Climate and Provision of Labour Welfare Measures in Manufacturing Sector

The study was conducted on a sample population of 150 employees of two manufacturing units based in West Bengal, India. Mostly permanent workers at plant level and employees of the zonal offices were considered for the purpose of the study. The overall objectives of the study focus on finding the general causes of job dissatisfaction and industrial fatigue among workers in the manufacturing sector, including the problem of industrial relations and getting proper statutory labour welfare benefits. Improper job scheduling, overburden of work and job complexities were some of the major factors of industrial fatigues that had been detected from structured questionnaire survey. Though majority of the employees revealed that the general industrial climate was good, in many cases employees were not aware of the claim settlement procedure about various provisions under the Gratuity Act and ESI Act leading to delays and payments not being received in time. This study also established the fact that overall industrial relation climate, availability of welfare measures and awareness level of the employees about different social security schemes varies with the educational level, total tenure of the employees in the present company and total years of working experience of the employees in the manufacturing sector. Lastly, lack of proper trade union to reflect employee grievances, proper training and engagement programmes are the other causes of disengagement and attrition of employees in the manufacturing sector, as also reflected from this study.