Problems Of Labor Productivity Research Articles

Ways of Upgrading Macro-Economic Stimulation of Labour Productivity in View of Neo-Keynesian Economic Theory

The article analyzed the experience of economic system functioning in view of researching trends acute for resolving problems of labour productivity in Russia. The research goal is to find ways of optimizing economic policy of labour productivity stimulation. The author conducted theoretical research in raising labour productivity within the frames of neo-Keynesian theory and studied retrospective ideas concerning this problem in the previous classical economic theory. The research showed the emergence of ideas dealing with the role of labour in value creation, macro-economic balance between investment and remuneration in labour productivity. The author identified in theory and proved in practice the importance of raising labour productivity as a factor of economic growth. Based on empiric research results of economic policy were analyzed in certain fields, such as wages, investment macro-economic policy and technological policy of state. By using post-soviet economy of Russia as an example the author proved key economic theses about trends of economic policy necessary for stimulating labour productivity. The importance of macro-economic regulation and innovation was highlighted in view of foreign-economic sanctions and trade restrictions. Findings of the research demonstrate key trends needed to resolve the problem of raising labour productivity and put forward steps necessary to reach positive results.

Forms of the higher education participation in ensuring labor productivity

Such a formulation of the question as labor productivity in the context of higher education may seems unusual and controversial, since in most cases this issue is considered in the analysis of economic problems, of the use of such resources in production as the improvement of technology, equipment and management, working conditions and organization. However, this list of means for increasing labor productivity should include an analysis of the preliminary stages at which future specialists begin to develop a set of qualities for productive work - educational process in all its diversity, which receives insufficient attention. The article identifies the forms of participation of Russian universities in solving one of the central tasks in increasing the efficiency of the economy - training future specialists for productive work. As a rule, the concepts ‘productive labor’ and ‘labor productivity’ are used in relation to the real production, as evidenced by numerous studies, technological and economic policies, and actual production activity. The article shows that for the implementation of the national program “Labor Productivity and Employment” the preparatory stage for solving this problem is especially important, which involves a radical reconstruction of the universities’ strategies for training students for future work: career guidance, professional selection, professional practice, and professional adaptation. The author considers these forms of the higher education participation in solving problems of labor productivity and productive labor referring to the research conducted by the Institute of Sociology of the Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences and by the Russian State University for the Humanities and to the conclusions and suggestions of scientists, teachers and practitioners who studied, applied and/or summarized the experience of students’ preparation for future professional life.

IDENTITY FOCUSED ADAPTATION OF NEWCOMERS IN ORGANIZATIONS: RESOURSE FOR PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT

The report addresses the issue of adaptation of newcomers in organizations. This problem is very important now in business and public organizations according to the problem of labor productivity, staff turnover, corporate culture etc. In spite of obvious importance of the adaptation in organization, the studies of this problem require new approaches and methods. Mechanisms are explored that help to retain the staff in organization and to create a desire to continue its activities in this organization. The research is implemented to the framework of the business-psychological approach (S Benton, N. Ivanova, theory of social identity (H. Tajfel, J.C. Turner), concepts of adaptation (T. Bazarov, N. Volkova etc.). Adaptation of newcomers is considered as a natural stage of professional and social self-determination of the individual, as overcoming the identity crisis and identity forming process. In the course of adaptation, an identity is formed that is adequate in relation to the new social roles and goals of activity. The purpose of the study: to develop the identity focused adaptation model, to test the role of this model in the work with newcomers in organization. Methodology: questionnaire (N= 109), Job Satisfaction Survey (N=15), case study in organizations. Results: The role of information and psychological support of a novice from the manager, mentor and team while including a specialist in joint activities is revealed. The directions of improving the system of adaptation of newcomers in the organization are highlighted. An identity focused adaptation model has been developed, which includes the following components: A) Preliminary information to newcomers: preparatory briefing about the company; detailed briefing about the company's rules and regulations. B) Information about newcomers to colleagues: about the new employee, his workplace, the tasks of his adaptation, the appointment of a mentor. C) Communications of the mentor: checking the workplace, the initial conversation, monitoring the problems and successes, the employee's initiation into the company's affairs. D) Communications of the manager: aimed at reducing the uncertainty of the newcomer in the first days of work. E) Communication of newcomers: questions, feedback, ideas, doubts, wishes. Results of this research can be useful for management, counseling and coaching for development of newcomer’s identity, loyalty, and performance. Keywords: business psychology, identity focused adaptation model, personnel management, loyalty, adaptation of personnel, social identity, strategy of communication.

Применение владельцами бизнеса HR-технологий в обеспечении роста производительности труда

The Russian economy is characterized by a relatively low level of labor productivity, 2–3 times inferior to the economies of a number of industrially developed countries. In the presence of well-developed macroeconomic labor productivity estimates in the Russian economy can be noted the limited number of micro-economic studies that have comprehensively examined the factors affecting productivity in companies. The issues of ensuring the growth of labor productivity have become especially relevant for Russian business owners in recent years. This is due on the one hand the sanctions pressure on the Russian economy, on the other hand, the pandemic COVID-19. Active implementation of HR-technologies in the practice of domestic business is just one of the reserves to ensure productivity growth. The purpose of the study is to identify ways to increase labor productivity indicators through the development and implementation of modern HR technologies in Russian companies. The research methodology consists in the analysis of literary sources on the problems of labor productivity and the effectiveness of modern HR technologies in solving this issue, as well as the analysis of scientific definitions within the framework of the research topic. This article indicates that labor productivity is one of the key factors in the competitiveness of the national economy. The influence of such modern HR technologies as technologies of personnel motivation based on KPI, technologies of talent management and technologies of continuous development were shown. The study identified ways to increase labor productivity through the development and implementation of advanced HR-technologies.

Labour Productivity in Different Segments of Aircraft Industry

This article is devoted to the problem of labor productivity (LP) in various segments of the global aircraft industry over the past decade. Intense competition forces aircraft manufacturers to pursue a policy of saving resources (primarily, workforce) at the all stages of the life cycle of aircraft and to introduce innovative technologies, automation, and robots. In assessing the relative growth of LP, the inflation (relative to the base 2009) and the purchasing power parity (PPP) of national currencies relative to the dollar are taken into account. The analysis showed that the LP is different for aircraft market segments and depends on development of market relations in the countries-manufacturers. The author believes that the main difficulty to the LP growth in countries with developing markets are monopolism, weak management, and insufficient skills of engineers, marketers, and workers.

Efficiency Issue and Its Relation to Labour/Worker

The purpose of the research to illustrate the relationship between efficiency issues and labour/worker in McDonalds. This research would be using quantitative and qualitative research method together. For the qualitative method is interview. The interview would be collected via email that been using to communicate with the company and individual interviews with a small number of respondents such as McDonalds manager to explore their perspectives on labour/worker efficiency. Second, quantitative method is questionnaires would distribute to targeted segment about their view on productivity. The collected data would be analysing and finalize the result of the research. Labour is part of main factor that might influence the movement of productivity in the company and it is also depends on labour efficiency. Poor productivity happened in McDonald is because of poor labour management. In this research, we will also debunk the factor that leads problems of labour productivity. Listed below are some factor might affect labour productivity or efficiency on their works. The factors are such as Overtime, Morale and attitude, Absenteeism and Turnover, Errors and Omission and Reassignment of Manpower. The factor that have been listed are not finalised yet and would be review and analyse whether it is some others factor that happen at McDonald’s labour. The data that we will collect will be present by graph. From the graph the data can be interpret and present easier. In conclusion, company must gather the factor that affecting labour productivity, so they can immerse their employee in efficient working environment and contribute in economic growth of the company

Labor Productivity Convergence in Indonesia: Spatially Dynamic Panel Data Analysis

The problem of labor productivity in Indonesia is a regional and sectoral inequality. To know the time required to remove inequality, can be measured by the level of convergence of labor productivity. The research would analyze the rate of sectoral labor productivity convergence among provinces in Indonesia spatially and identify the determinant factors of labor productivity. The analytical methods used is spatial dinamic panel data with Spatially Corrected Blundell-Bond (SCBB) estimation method. The results show that there are spatially sectoral labor productivity convergence. Primary sector takes the longest half-life convergence of 7-8 years, while secondary takes 1-2 years and tertiary sector takes 3-4 years. Furthermore, the Gross Capital Fixed Formation, Mean Years of Schooling, and real wage sectoral are significantly have positive affect to the labor productivity while Life Expectancy is significantly have negative affect to labor productivity.Keywords : convergence, spatial analysis, labor productivity

Labour productivity: Perception of site managers on building projects

A successful construction project has many important components, one of which is labour. Many construction projects fail to achieve their goal due to poor labour productivity. Thus, this research evaluated labour productivity on building projects based on the perception of site managers. The objectives identified the factors that affect the productivity of construction operatives, examined the importance of factors affecting labour productivity, assessed the management policies to improve productivity of workers on site, and suggested solutions to the problem of labour productivity on building sites. The sample frame consisted of the 26 construction organizations registered with Lagos Chamber of Commerce and Industry (L.C.C.I). Random sampling technique was used to administer 62 questionnaires to site managers of the building projects of the 26 construction organizations in the frame. Data obtained were analysed using frequency, mean and relative importance index. The findings showed that topmost among the factors that affect labour productivity are clarity of technical specification, equipment shortages, skill of labour, coordination level among design disciplines, payment delay, and material shortage with mean values of 4.24, 4.20, 4.20, 4.17 and 4.17 respectively. Training, welfare amenities and specialization with mean values of 4.36, 4.02 and 4.00 ranked highest among the management policies for improving operatives’ productivity. It is recommended that operatives should have access to equipment; payment should also be done promptly; in addition to organizations supporting operatives on regular training on relevant skills

«Русская модель управления» и проблема производительности труда: философский анализ

«Русская модель управления» и проблема производительности труда: философский анализ

Исследование проблемы производительности труда в контексте ключевых теоретических положений неомарксистской парадигмы, теории справедливости и нейроэкономики

Исследование проблемы производительности труда в контексте ключевых теоретических положений неомарксистской парадигмы, теории справедливости и нейроэкономики

Тенденції продуктивності праці та заробітної плати в Україні

The article presents the results of the analysis of indicators of labor productivity and wages for 10 years during 2005-2015 at the macro level in Ukraine. The mentioned factors of growth of labor productivity, the relationship of wages and labor productivity in the economy of the state, suggested recommendations for raising the level of labor productivity, the level of wage growth (based on the model of economic development of developed countries of the world). The level of economic growth in this study is determined by means of a comparative assessment, which is calculated on the basis of the following indicators: the ratio of gross domestic product of the country and the economically active population of the country, the level of productivity and wages, calculated the coefficient of progress of productivity growth, in comparison with the growth rates of the average monthly wage, the dynamics of changes in labor productivity indices and wages for the period under study was analyzed. Labor productivity and wages are the most important indicators of the economic growth of the state, generalizing the notion of labor productivity. The main indicators of Ukraine's productivity and wages are lagging behind developed countries of the world, not to mention the countries of the European Union. This is a consequence of the ineffective use of the labor potential of the population. Proper implementation of labor potential in the process of labor creates material, intangible values, provides a variety of services, and as a consequence, forms the gross domestic product of Ukraine. Features of the modern stage of economic development determine new approaches to the evaluation of economic activity, including the problem of labor productivity, as well as the need for an effective system of management of labor potential to increase labor productivity and wages in the country, developing a mechanism for activating the labor potential of the state. It is necessary to analyze the indicators of wages and labor productivity, to improve the factors that influence the activation of labor productivity growth reserves.

Long-term development of the Russian economy and the problem of labour productivity

This paper analyzes the limitations imposed by the development of the Russian economy on human resources. The contribution of productivity to economic growth in recent years is determined. The key factors affecting the productivity of labor in the Russian economy are revealed. The possible dynamics of production in high-tech sectors under the impact of restrictions on labor resources is reviewed.

Evaluation of Macroeconomic Condition in Azerbaijan in 2010

This analytical review had been prepared by the experts of the National Budget Group with the aim to evaluate macroeconomic activity in Azerbaijan in 2010. Basic macroeconomic indicators (GDP, employment, income of the population, foreign trade, foreign investments, poverty, etc.) of Azerbaijan in the recent 5 years (2006–2010 years) were analyzed in the presented review in the background of global economic processes observed in the world. Dependence of fiscal parameters on oil revenues, state investments and infrastructure expenditures, social policy (education, healthcare, social protection), taxation and administrative reforms, main parameters of monetary policy (money supply and inflation rates, real effective currency rate variations, credits, interest rates) and state of banking sector during the analyzed period were subjects of research in this paper. It was revealed as a result of conducted research that the economy of Azerbaijan for recent years including 2010 demonstrates decline in dynamics of real economic growth rate; in addition, it was determined that there is a risk of deficiency in technological productivity of the current economic growth originators necessary to maintain sustainable economic growth rate. The research showed that the main impelling power of GDP in Azerbaijan economy is the actual final consumption, and there is no unique tendency in the role of export and saving. High dependence on raw oil, natural gas and oil products still remains in export operations which are the main components of the GDP. In addition, the research defined that “Deindustrialization symptom” of “Dutch disease” intensified in Azerbaijan’s economy with diminishing share of industrial and agrarian sector and relative expansion of share of the service sector in the GDP structure. Analyzes show that less share of nominal growth and nominal volume of GDP was provided by non-oil sector as compared to the oil sector; however, non-oil sector, particularly its construction segment, continues to hold the leading place in the investments made in economy; the poverty level is gradually decreasing, whereas employment level and nominal incomes of the population are increasing in Azerbaijan. Simultaneously, there is a problem of labour productivity in the economy, including serious salary differences between oil and non-oil sectors.

Increase of labor productivity in multipurpose hydraulic construction

1. An increase in social labor productivity is a most important condiincreasing the effectiveness of socialist construction. 2. The coverage of all categories of hydraulic builders by various forms of education in economics will promote the most rapid introduction of advanced economic methods of managing hydraulic construction. 3. It is necessary to improve radically the methods of compiling, the content, and the implementation of plans of organizational and technical measures, the end purpose of which should be an increase in the productivity of active labor and an economy of past manpower at hydraulic projects. It is necessary to enlist research and development and to examine them with the participation of all links of construction which have their own tasks in this plan. 4. It is desirable that the Ministry of Power of the USSR together with the Central Administration of the Scientific and Technical Society of the Power Engineering and Electrotechnical Industry announce a series of outlines on the development and implementation of measures for large-scale mechanization of labor-consuming processes which will markedly reduce manual labor, for utilization of secondary resources which will economize materials, etc. Preference must be given to these operations with their inclusion in the plan of new technology. 5. It is desirable that the Ministry of Power of the USSR together with the Central Administration of the Scientific and Technical Society of Power Engineering and the Power Industry outline the development and implementation of measures to be taken for large-scale mechanization of labor-consuming processes which will reduce manual labor markedly; for the use of secondary resources which will save stocked materials, etc. Preference must be given to these works when including new technology in the plan. 6. It is necessary to increase the volume of literature published on problems of labor productivity and present experience accumulated in this area in current-awareness bulletins.

Problems of Initiating Industrial Labour in Preindustrial Community.

In the newly developing countries, there are areas still remote from industrialization, where the people have imbibed very little industrial culture. Sometimes too, such areas offer bright opportunities for introducing industrial enterprises and then the necessity for initiation and commitment of the people to wage employment arises. It is supposed that in the mode of introduction and commitment of labour either by progressive policy or non-policy can be rooted some of the intriguing problems of labour productivity, response to incentive systems and some negative patterns of attitudes to work and industrial cooperation in the developing countries. The introduction of industrial labour in a preindustrial community starts with the acquisition of land for setting up the industrial enterprise. This equally requires careful handling, otherwise the interaction between the land-owning community and the initiated local labour could generate a permanent pattern of internal and external relations that could be embarrassing to the development and growth of the enterprise to be established. Enugu Coal-Mining Industry in Nigeria offers a very interesting case for this kind of problem. It was originally a Government operated enterprise run as a Government department but was later converted to autonomous statutory corporation. This fact makes it more apt for this kind of study, because the newly industrializing countries place a lot of faith on state-operated industrial enterprises or joint enterprises between private and state capital for quick industrialization. Industries taking advantage of the potentialities of little explored territories may benefit from acquaintance with the kind of experiences outlined here. Enugu in which the Nigerian Coal Industry is situated is the capital of East Central State of Nigeria or of Eastern Nigeria before the Civil War. It is situated at over i 000 feet above sea level on Udi Plateau which is the height of a general gradual rise from the south-west from the River Niger basin and the south and south-east from the sea coast and the Cross River basin respectively.

A Book on Methods of Measuring Labor Productivity

As we know, an increase in the productivity of labor is, in the final analysis, decisive to the triumph of a new social order. In the national economic plans of the socialist state, increase in labor productivity emerges as the decisive condition for the fulfillment of objectives in increase in production, and toward further uplift of the living standards of the people. The major significance of the problems of labor productivity for the socialist method of production provides advance assurance of broad reader interest in economic and statistical literature dealing with these problems. The work by A. I. Rotshtein, Methods of Measuring the Productivity of Labor in Industry, published by the Government Printing Office for Statistics, is particularly worthy of serious attention.

A Book on the Problems of Labor Productivity in the Machine Building Industry

An increase in the productivity of labor is the principal source of a steady expansion of social production. Our country has already outstripped England and France in the productivity of labor in industry. The task of catching up to and surpassing the USA in this respect is being successfully accomplished. In this connection the productivity of labor in the USSR is growing primarily because of an increase in the technical equipping of the branches of the national economy, the mechanization and automatization of production processes, and the extensive introduction into production of the newest achievements of science and technique.

Problems of Labor Productivity in Wartime

Problems of Labor Productivity in Wartime