Inequality Problem Research Articles

An Analysis of the Inequality and Countermeasures of Health care and Education Under the Development of Science and Technology

Significant advances have been made in healthcare and education due to rapid advances in technology, but these advances have not been equally accessible to everyone and have exacerbated social inequalities. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the inequalities caused by the development of technology in the fields of health care and education and to discuss the corresponding countermeasures. Through literature review, data analysis, and case studies, this paper proposes a series of policy recommendations and technical improvements aimed at closing the inequality gap. The inequality in the field of health care and education, the development of science and technology has promoted the progress of health care and education but also brought about the problem of inequality. It is necessary to work together through the government, society, technology, and other aspects to effectively address these challenges, achieve equitable development of health care and education, and propose corresponding response strategies. Highlights include an analysis of inequalities in health and education, such as significant barriers to access to advanced medical technologies and services for vulnerable groups such as the poor and older people. In terms of coping strategies, government should increase government investment in medical resources, improve the medical security system, promote the balanced distribution of medical resources, and improve the quality of medical services. At the same time, government should narrow the digital divide and build online teaching so that people in areas with underdeveloped science and technology can receive better education and improve the quality of teaching.

Optimal design of RBFNN equalizer based on modified forms of BOA

The equalization of digital channels is widely recognized as a nonlinear classification problem. In such scenarios, utilizing networks that approximate nonlinear mappings can be highly advantageous. There has also been extensive research on equalizers based on Radial Basis Function Neural Networks (RBFNNs). This study introduces a training methodology centred on the Improved Butterfly Optimization Algorithm (IBOA) for channel equalization using RBFNN. This approach aims to optimize the performance of RBFNN equalizers by leveraging the IBOA algorithm for training. Previous literature primarily approached the equalization problem as an optimization challenge. In contrast, this study addresses it as a classification problem. This training approach exhibits substantial enhancements compared to conventional metaheuristic algorithms.

Availability of Education in Vietnam: Sociological Analysis

This article analyzes the situation of inequality of educational opportunity in Vietnam and its reasons, and also provides comments and assessments of the impact of some support programs and policies of the Vietnamese government to reduce inequality in educational opportunity in this country. The views and approaches to studying the accessibility of education are revealed, its main characteristics are considered, the main barriers that students face in the educational process are identified; the article provides information on the availability of education in Vietnam. The authors come to the conclusion that despite the fairly successful steps taken by the Vietnamese government, the problem of inequality in education is still far from being completely resolved. The article is based on data from international organizations and the results of sociological surveys, including those conducted with the participation and guidance of the authors.

Solving split equality fixed point problem of generalized demimetric mapping and certain optimization problem via dynamic step-size technique

In this article, we study the split equality problem of certain optimization problem in real Hilbert spaces. We propose a new viscosity iterative algorithm for approximating solution for finite families of split equality variational inequality and split equality fixed point problems of generalized demi metric mapping in real Hilbert spaces. Using our iterative method, we establish a strong convergence result for finding a common element for finite families of variational inequality and fixed point problems of generalized demimetric mapping. We present some consequences and application to the convex minimization problem to validate our main result. Our result complements and generalizes some related results in literature.

Exploring the Noble Values of Humanism in Said Ramadhan Al-Buthi’s Syarah Al-Hikam: A Systemic Functional Translation Studies Approach

This research aims to explore the noble values of humanism contained in Said Ramadhan al-Buthi’s syarah al-Hikam. One important problem to explore in relation to the noble values of humanism in this book is the problem of inequality. Therefore, the research questions in this study can be formulated as follows: (1) how are the noble values of humanism interpreted in syarah al-Hikam based on a Systemic Functional Translation Studies (SFTS) approach, and (2) what strategies are designed to reduce tensions of inequality based on the Sufi texts. The data in this study are the source text (L1) (Arabic) and the target text (L2) (Indonesian and English) in Said Ramadhan al-Buthi’s monumental book syarah al-Hikam. The general design of the research is a descriptive qualitative study. The data analysis uses Spradley's model, including: (1) a domain analysis to map the information structure in syarah al-Hikam, (2) a taxonomic analysis to elaborate the noble human values in the book, (3) a componential analysis to unify the information structure and human values found in the Sufi texts, and (4) an analysis of cultural themes, which concludes that the text of al-Hikam not only examines spiritual issues but also strives comprehensively to show the implementation of human values in everyday life. The contribution of this research is an attempt to reduce tensions of inequality based on Sufi texts and to interpret the Arabic text based on a linguistic approach.

Transformation of the subject field of Russian sociology of labor: from a system of labor relations to the constructivist perspective

The article is devoted to the processes of transformation of the content and boundaries of the subject field of Russian sociology of labor, which occurred from the late 1980s to the present. To achieve this goal, the tasks are solved, consisting in the analysis of scientific and educational literature on the subject of labor sociology; the description of the main methodological approaches to the study of labor relations; the construction of the content of the subject field of labor sociology from the standpoint of the latest concepts of the sociology of life and the existing experience of the Samara School of Sociology of Labor. It is emphasized that in Russian literature there are at least six approaches to the consideration of the subject of sociology of labor, which are mainly based on the systemic approach that prevailed back in Soviet times. In terms of content, one or another aspect of social interaction in the field of work is most often declared the subject of labor sociology: 1) the attitude of society to work (work as a social phenomenon), 2) relations between participants in the labor process (labor relations), 3) the attitude of participants in the labor process to their work. The methodical and methodological difficulties of analyzing labor relations are associated with the existence of many overlapping and contradictory approaches within the directions of sociological realism, nominalism and constructivism, which interpret both their content and the factors influencing them in different ways. The most promising direction of modern analysis of labor relations is the application of the constructivist concept of the sociology of life, in which labor relations can be considered as a synthesizing (unifying) concept in relation to the key components of the employee's life world (labor consciousness, labor behavior and the work environment), which in turn consist of a number of elementary concepts (labor motivation, social well-being, social tension, involvement in labor activity) in the space of the social and labor sphere of society (a structure-forming concept). Based on the experience of empirical research accumulated during the post-Soviet period and using new theoretical foundations, the main directions of modern research in the subject field of Russian sociology of labor are: 1) study of the behavior and life world of subjects of labor relations in conditions of precarious employment, 2) analysis of the content and composition of participants (subjects) of labor relations, 3) problems of inequality and social justice in conditions of everyday labor interactions.

ANALYSIS OF THE POTENTIAL OF SCHOOL DROPOUT STUDENTS IN EAST LOMBOK REVIEWED BY EDUCATION LEVEL AND GENDER

The aim of this research is to analyze the potential for students to drop out of school in East Lombok based on education and gender. This research uses qualitative research methods because the data studied is the result of observations, interviews and documents. The importance of this research is that it uses qualitative research, so that the results provided explain the problem of out-of-school children in more detail and reality. By including analytical descriptive methods, the aim is to provide visual information about the phenomena we use as research material and compare them with existing data in the field. The results state that factors such as learning motivation, interests and talents, school safety, climate environment, social problems, relationships, violence and economics contribute to the high school dropout rate in East Lombok. Even though the Smart Indonesia Card Program is implemented, factors such as learning motivation, interests and talents, and the environment remain the main causes of school dropout in East Lombok. There are no gender equality problems related to potential school dropouts.

A new mixed split feasibility problem model in Hilbert spaces

We study a generalized model of a split problem which is a combination of a split feasibility problem with multiple output sets and a split equality problem in real Hilbert spaces. Employing an unconstrained optimization approach, we propose two new iterative algorithms for solving such split problems. Our algorithms do not depend on the norms of the transfer mappings.

Monetary Policy and Its Impact on Income Distribution in Iraq for the Period 2003-2022

The problem of inequality in the distribution of income is one of the important economic variables that have been focused on in economic studies and research, and the study and analysis of the impact of economic variables in the redistribution of income is of great importance, whether in developed or developing economies, as justice in income redistribution can have important economic effects. This study goes to estimate the impact of some monetary indicators on income distribution in Iraq for the period 2003-2022, where this impact was estimated using the Joint integration according to the self-regression model of distributed slowdown (ARDL) and bound test the results of the test confirmed the existence of a significant impact of the monetary policy indicators represented by the exchange rate, the broad money supply and the interest rate in the redistribution of income in Iraq.

The Role of Judicial Powers in Guaranteeing the Right to Education: A Systematic Study of Litigation in Mexico

Abstract This article aims to analyse the role of Mexican District Courts in cases related to the education sector and, specifically, the stance courts take on guaranteeing the right to education. The study is conducted through thematic and frequency analysis of judgments available from indirect amparo trials in administrative and labour matters across the 32 judicial circuits in Mexico during 2019, 2020 and the first semester of 2021. This study arises from the need to understand, from the perspective of judicialisation, the impact that the Mexican education sector has faced in the context of approved structural reforms in recent years, the problems of quality and equality experienced, and any exacerbations provoked by the covid-19 pandemic. The article’s discussion centres on certain paradigmatic and particularly relevant cases for the protection of children’s right to education in Mexico, including the examination of both the claims presented by the claimants and the arguments developed by the adjudicating institutions.

Affirmative action and government initiatives to improve gender equality in India: a retrospective view

PurposeThis paper discusses the problems of gender equality in society, the workplace and the household in the specific context of India. It explicates the past and the present gender diversity initiatives by government machinery to bring gender equality through affirmative action.Design/methodology/approachThe design, methodology and approach involve a general review.FindingsDeveloped countries have taken initiatives for gender equality almost in the pre-20th century and were partially successful. Despite gender diversity and affirmative action and legislation, bias still prevails in varied forms. In the case of India, the movement for gender equality started post-independence (1947). Still, there is a high disparity between men and women in society as well as in various occupations, as it is evident through a huge difference in salary, responsibilities, perquisites, recognition and promotions offered to men and women. India needs more transformation in the culture, statutory bodies and the mindset of patriarchal societies, to achieve gender equality. The legislative changes have faced resistance in their implementation due to social, cultural and religious issues, and the expectations and perceptions toward females have not been changed by the patriarchal society.Originality/valueThis paper deciphers the gender equality movement in developing countries like India, and how the planning commission of India focuses on women’s development and government machinery tries to bring down the gender gap through affirmative action. Why, in spite of all these efforts, India is not able to minimize the gender gap and concludes with reasons and implications.

PERAN PROGRAM BANYUWANGI MENGAJAR DALAM MENGURANGI KETIMPANGAN AKSES PENDIDIKAN DAN DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP PEMBANGUNAN EKONOMI DAERAH

The problem of inequality in access and quality of education in Banyuwangi is caused by the unequal distribution of resources, which affects the quality of human resources (HR) and the economy. The purpose of this study is to analyse inequality in access to education in remote areas and the role of education administration in addressing it. role of education administration in overcoming it. This research methodology uses a qualitative, literature-based approach to analyse qualitative, literature-based approach to analyse inequality in access to education and the impact of education administration on the regional economy. The results The results of this study show that collaboration between the government, the community and the private sector in the Banyuwangi Mengajar programme is crucial to private sector in the Banyuwangi Teaching Programme is essential to addressing education inequality in remote areas. The programme successfully programme has succeeded in improving the capacity of the teaching staff and ensuring equitable distribution of education resources. The research conclusions emphasise that this collaboration plays a crucial in improving access and quality of education in remote areas. The programme Banyuwangi Mengajar programme can strengthen synergies between parties, ensure equitable distribution of education resources and sustainably reduce education inequality, and sustainably reduce educational inequality. This research highlights the importance of an inclusive approach in education to build a better foundation for economic and social development in the area. a better foundation for economic and social development in underdeveloped areas. underdeveloped areas.

KESENJANGAN DALAM PEMBANGUNAN EKONOMI ISLAM

This research aims to reveal how inequality exists in developing countries, as well as government actions and Islamic views regarding the problem of inequality in economic development. The research method used a descriptive qualitative approach using primary and secondary data. The research results show that economic inequality is indicated by unequal growth in expenditure between community groups, while non-economic inequality is indicated by inequality in access to basic services, namely health, education, water and sanitation, and other basic services. The government played an active role by developing the economy in an inclusive manner, increasing worker-intensive investment, giving special attention to micro and small businesses, expanding the rural economy and developing the agricultural sector, guaranteeing social protection for all workers, continuing poverty reduction programs. In Islam, regarding the issue of inequality, there must be consistency in terms of economic growth and equality due to creating a fair situation.

THEMATIC ANALYSIS OF TURKISH SHORT FILMS RELEASED ON MUBI

49 Turkish short films published on the MUBI platform were analysed and it was determined that the majority of them were in the fiction genre (78%) and a few were in the documentary genre (22%). In the analysed films, the problem of gender equality in the directing position was observed and it was revealed that the majority of the directors were male. In terms of language use, it was determined that Turkish was dominant (59.18%) and some films did not contain any dialogue (22.45%). In the gender distribution of the main characters, it was observed that female and male characters were used with similar frequency. It was observed that the majority of the films were shot in the Marmara Region and the geographical diversity of Turkey was reflected in the cinema. In the thematic analysis, social and psychological problems came to the forefront, and it was determined that social issues such as migration and women's rights were intensively handled (58.16%) and psychological themes such as melancholy and loneliness (18.36%). In conclusion, it has been observed that Turkish short films published on MUBI bring together various aspects of Turkish cinema with the audience through their language diversity, gender representation, geographical distribution and rich thematic content.

Fighting Inequality Through a Progressive Tax System for a Just Future in Tanzania

The problem of inequality is one of the economic problems that developing countries still face including Tanzania. This research therefore focuses on presenting the status and trends of inequality and the progressive tax system to pay for a just future in Tanzania. Research was anchored on the Ability-to-Pay Principle. The study was typically a desk research whereby it dwelled on analyzing and synthesizing large amounts of complex secondary data/information and literature concerning the issue of inequality in Tanzania. The target population for this study consists of secondary data sources, which included Peer-reviewed journal articles on taxation and inequality Government reports and taxation data from the Tanzania Revenue Authority (TRA). A purposive sampling methodology was employed to choose relevant studies and reports. This approach ascertained that only sources directly related to the research goals were included. The sample consisted of 20 sources, selected based on criteria such as: Year of publication. Content analysis was adopted in analyzing data to discover themes, patterns and trends related to progressive tax systems, income inequality reduction, and wealth distribution. Key variables such as tax policies, inequality measures (Gini coefficient), and wealth distribution patterns were extracted and analyzed to determine the effectiveness of progressive taxation in Tanzania. Findings revealed that while progressive taxes can be a remedy, the presence of large informal sectors, as in Tanzania, hinder their reach. Thus, while Tanzania’s progressive tax structure holds potential, more reforms are in need to boost implementation alongside widening the tax base. Further, the study concluded that there is little wealth-related taxation in Tanzania. Also, assets such as land ownership or financial assets are hardly/not taxed. The study recommended that given the situation, there is a great need to improve the tax collection with a focus on the existing tax base in Tanzania.

Explicit iterative algorithms for solving the split equality problems in Hilbert spaces

Explicit iterative algorithms for solving the split equality problems in Hilbert spaces

The problems of gender equality in the labor market (Nobel Prize, 2023)

The problems of gender equality in the labor market (Nobel Prize, 2023)

СОВЕТ БИЙЛИГИНИН АЛГАЧКЫ ЖЫЛДАРЫНДАГЫ КЫРГЫЗСТАНДЫН БИЛИМ БЕРҮҮ СИСТЕМАСЫНДАГЫ ГЕНДЕР МАСЕЛЕСИНИН СОЦИАЛДЫК-ФИЛОСОФИЯЛЫК АНАЛИЗИ

In this article, the problem of gender in the education system of Kyrgyzstan in the first years of Soviet power was analyzed from a socio-philosophical point of view and presented to the scientific community interested in the topic of gender. It can be argued that the study of gender relations in the sphere of education in the Soviet society is of special interest, and its comprehensive study is one of the topical tasks. The main purpose of the scientific article is to substantiate that the education system is an important tool of education and propaganda of the young generation and to present the facts about the problems of gender equality and inequality in the early years of the Soviet period. The results of scientific analysis allow us to analyze gender stereotypes in the education system of Kyrgyzstan in the first years of Soviet power and identify the contours of gender stereotypes. The article uses the method of theoretical analysis and on the basis of gender philosophy of scientist M.M. Edilova conducted gender analysis in socio-philosophical aspect. The study shows that the public discourse in the education system of Kyrgyzstan in the early years of Soviet power was accompanied by internal contradictions in the assessment of the status of men and women. The unqualified success of Soviet power made it difficult to introduce equality of civil rights of women and men into public consciousness. Stereotypical gender roles remained in the life of Kyrgyz society, and the image of a Kyrgyz woman was mainly associated with the private sphere rather than the public sphere. In realizing the set goals and objectives, the methods used in writing scientific papers were used and the principles were fully observed.

A strongly convergent algorithm for solving split equality problems beyond monotonicity

In this paper, we focus on some split inverse problems, namely the split equality variational inequalities and common fixed point problems, and combine various operator theory techniques to establish minimum-norm strong convergence for our proposed method. We present two strong convergent results with (and without) reference to the monotonicity property of the cost operators. Our convergence analyses assume very mild conditions and thus generalize and extend recent related results in the literature. Furthermore, several numerical examples illustrate the practical potentials and advantages of our proposed algorithm.

Low-rank multilinear filtering

Low-rank multilinear filtering