Problem Of Climate Change Research Articles

Interactive effects of drought and deforestation on multitrophic communities and aquatic ecosystem functions in the Neotropics-a test using tank bromeliads.

Together with the intensification of dry seasons in Neotropical regions, increasing deforestation is expected to exacerbate species extinctions, something that could lead to dramatic shifts in multitrophic communities and ecosystem functions. Recent studies suggest that the effects of habitat loss are greater where precipitation has decreased. Yet, experimental studies of the pure and interactive effects of drought and deforestation at ecosystem level remain scarce. Here, we used rainshelters and transplantation from rainforest to open areas of natural microcosms (the aquatic ecosystem and microbial-faunal food web found within the rainwater-filled leaves of tank bromeliads) to emulate drought and deforestation in a full factorial experimental design. We analysed the pure and interactive effects of our treatments on functional community structure (including microorganisms, detritivore and predatory invertebrates), and on leaf litter decomposition in tank bromeliad ecosystems. Drought or deforestation alone had a moderate impact on biomass at the various trophic level, but did not eliminate species. However, their interaction synergistically reduced the biomass of all invertebrate functional groups and bacteria. Predators were the most impacted trophic group as they were totally eliminated, while detritivore biomass was reduced by about 95%. Fungal biomass was either unaffected or boosted by our treatments. Decomposition was essentially driven by microbial activity, and did not change across treatments involving deforestation and/or drought. Our results suggest that highly resistant microorganisms such as fungi (plus a few detritivores) maintain key ecosystem functions in the face of drought and habitat change. We conclude that habitat destruction compounds the problems of climate change, that the impacts of the two phenomena on food webs are mutually reinforcing, and that the stability of ecosystem functions depends on the resistance of a core group of organisms. Assuming that taking global action is more challenging than taking local-regional actions, policy-makers should be encouraged to implement environmental action plans that will halt habitat destruction, to dampen any detrimental interactive effect with the impacts of global climate change.

Energy, exergy and economic (3E) analysis of a novel integration process based on coal-fired power plant with CO2 capture & storage, CO2 refrigeration, and waste heat recovery

CO2 capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) are critical technical measures to effectively mitigate the global climate change problem. However, most of the existing research has focused on the capture end and lacks in-depth analysis of subsequent processes such as compression, leading to limitations in the improvement of system economics. Therefore, a novel CCS system for a 300 MW coal-fired power plant was proposed in this paper with two strategies: (1) a CCS system integrating CO2 refrigeration cycle (CFPP-CCS-CRC); and (2) a CCS co-generation plant integrating CO2 refrigeration cycle (CHP-CCS-CRC). The proposed systems’ performance was comparatively evaluated by applying energy, exergy, and economic (3E) analyses. The results demonstrated that at different CO2 capture percentages (13.1 %∼72.9 %), the CHP-CCS-CRC system has improved energy utilization efficiency by 1.2 %∼5.6 % and exergy efficiency by 7.7 %∼25.8 %, compared to the conventional CCUS system (CFPP-CCS). In particular, at a percentage of 13.1 %, the combined energy consumption of the CHP-CCS-CRC system was 0.39 GJ/tCO2, a 79 % reduction compared to 1.87 GJ/tCO2 of the CFPP-CCS system, which resulted in a static payback period of less than 2 years. In general, the newly proposed system features more adequate energy utilization, lower operating costs, and higher economic efficiency.

A model to follow? The EU and global eco-social policy

In this article, we study the political project promoted by the European Commission (EC) for tackling simultaneously socioeconomic and environmental issues. Based on a detailed analysis of the most relevant EC policy documents (adopted between 2000 and 2020) that explicitly articulate ecological and socioeconomic questions, we offer two contributions to the literature on eco-social policy. First, we identify the nature of what we call the ‘European Eco-Social Model’. This political project subordinates social-ecological goals to the economic rationality of growth, competitiveness and profits and de-politicizes the efforts to promote more sustainable societies and economies. Second, we show how the Commission is repositioning itself as a global leader in the transformation to sustainability, attempting to extend its particular eco-social model to the whole world. Overall, we argue that this ‘model’ is based on self-contradictory assumptions and cannot demonstrate how it should be able to solve problems of social inequality and climate change on a global level.

Green energy innovation initiatives for environmental sustainability: current state and future research directions.

Worldwide, all countries have been facing the crisis of climate change problem. They have been addressing this issue by focusing on implementing green energy innovation initiatives and promoting a sustainable future through environmental sustainability. In this research study, we focus on examining the role of green finance through green energy innovations, which are taking place in several sectors across different regions to promote environmental sustainability. The study has analysed 152 articles on this research domain through a systematic literature review to understand the present state of existing knowledge. The current study examines the Scopus-indexed research articles from the time period 2002 to 2023. Six emerging themes have been examined to understand their development and the potential impact of green initiatives for environmental sustainability. Various institutional theories have been explored to understand their association with the investigated research area. The paper has discussed multiple challenges that need to be addressed for the speedy implementation of green innovations. Finally, future research questions have been proposed based on the findings from the extant literature and the existing research gaps.

Vegetable Cultivation as A Solution to The Problem of Poverty in Indonesia

Objective: The increasing number of poor people in urban areas always creates new problems in society. So there is a need for solutions from various fields, both in the economic, social, environmental, and climate change fields. This research found one way that planting vegetables in the yard is considered a solution to the problem of poverty.   Theoretical framework: This research found a plan for planting vegetables in the yard to be a guide for those who are interested in carrying it out. By planting vegetables in the yard of the house, it is considered that the problem of poverty in the city can be slightly resolved.   Method: This study uses a qualitative method. 83 research informants were low-income residents of the slum area of Medan City, and literature data about strategies for overcoming poverty through gardening in the yard of the house further strengthened this data collection.   Results and conclusion: The results of this study found that planting vegetables in the yard can contribute to overcoming problems of income, purchasing power, nutrition, health, environmental sanitation, and climate change.   Implications of the research: So research on vegetable cultivation is considered one of the strategies for overcoming the problems of malnutrition and poverty.   Originality/value: This research will be a lesson on how to independently carry out a planting system in your own yard.

Coping with Environmental Crisis: Ecological Responsibility and Contemporary Practice in Marx's Happiness View

With the acceleration of the process of globalization and the rapid development of industrialization, human society is facing serious environmental crises, such as climate change, biodiversity loss, land desertification and other problems become increasingly prominent. In this context, the Marxist concept of happiness highlights its importance in dealing with the environmental crisis. Starting from the basic idea of Marx's happiness view, the harmonious development of man and nature is an important condition for realizing human happiness. How Marx regards the relationship between man and nature as the fundamental basis for realizing human happiness and emphasizes the importance of environmental protection and ecological balance. The contemporary practice of Marxist happiness concept in promoting green development, strengthening environmental laws and policies, raising public environmental awareness and strengthening international cooperation.

РАЗВИТИЕ ИНСТИТУТОВ УСТОЙЧИВОГО РАЗВИТИЯ НА ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯХ АПК НА ОСНОВЕ ESG-КОНЦЕПЦИИ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ РЕСПУБЛИКИ ТАТАРСТАН)

Currently, companies around the world are faced with the task of not only increasing their own efficiency and competitiveness, but also complying with the principles of sustainable development. The relevance of this task is determined by increasing climate change and social problems, which force stakeholders to put forward new demands for environmental responsibility and social commitment of business. The ESG concept is a modern concept of doing business based on the principles of sustainable development. It should be noted that the application of ESG in agribusinesses is particularly specific due to the dual role they play in society and the economy: on the one hand, being large sources of greenhouse gas emissions and consumers of natural resources, on the other hand, ensuring food security and promoting development rural areas. The object of the study is the system of sustainable development of the agro-industrial complex of the Republic of Tatarstan. The purpose of the study is to characterize the potential of the ESG concept for the development of sustainable development institutions in the agricultural sector of the Republic of Tatarstan and to identify the most effective practices for strengthening the integration of ESG principles into the activities of agro-industrial enterprises. Research methods: analysis of scientific literature on the topic of ESG and sustainable development in the agro-industrial complex, statistical analysis, general scientific methods. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the analysis of the possibilities of applying the ESG concept at enterprises of the agro-industrial complex of the Republic of Tatarstan, identifying and systematizing factors that promote or hinder sustainable development in this area.

Carbon Emission and Economical Impact of Conversion Yamaha N-Max 150cc into Electric Motorcycle

Due to the increasing usage of oil-powered vehicles, the transportation industry is the largest contributor to global greenhouse gas emissions. Electric vehicles can be a potential solution to the climate change problem because the greenhouse gas emissions produced by electric vehicles are significantly lower than those produced by vehicles with fossil view resources. On the other hand, cost of ownership electric vehicles is highly priced for the middle and lower classes. Therefore, the conversion of conventional vehicles to electric vehicles is growing popularity in the community. As a result, the Indonesian Government, through the Ministry of Transportation, has issued several regulations to control conversion operations so that they can give the benefits they should. Compared to traditional ICE vehicles of the same motorcycle type, Yamaha N-Max-type convertibles can save up to 7.7 times the energy expenses and emit 4 times fewer greenhouse gas emissions; consequently, conversion vehicles can be an alternate solution.

대학 교양으로서 일반생물학 수업에서 ‘기후 변화’ 교육

Climate change is an urgent and important problem that all humanity must solve. Therefore, it is indisputable that climate change education should be provided in universities, especially as part of liberal education. This study explored possible climate change education in biology. For this purpose, we analyzed the contents of the general biology curriculum in the general education curriculum and investigated and analyzed the topics of the general biology curriculum offered by public and private universities in the metropolitan area and local regions. As a result we came to the conclusion that general biology classes as a liberal arts subject must, in principle, include an ecology unit in the curriculum. However, most universities in Korea do not include this unit in their general biology curriculum. As a countermeasure, even if the entire ecology unit cannot be included in the curriculum for one or two semesters, the class can connect five to six topics related to climate change to other units. Otherwise, like some universities, there is a need to open a separate ecology course. Alternatively, other science courses that include climate change could be offered. In this case, though, guidance is needed for students to take the courses, and the need for climate change education for teachers in charge of course guidance remains an issue. In addition, various other liberal arts education subjects, including not only biology but also natural sciences, humanities, and social sciences, should also make such attempts to help solve the problem of climate change. Moreover, we propose adding content on climate change to the ‘Purpose of Liberal Education’ statement established by the Korea National Institute for General Education.

Examining honey production with Geographic Information Systems (GIS): The example of Ordu province

Beekeeping is an example of economic farming with its products that can be done without being dependent on plant and ecological production because of its contribution to pollination. This study aims to examine Ordu province, which has been at the top of Turkey's beekeeping activities and honey production for years, with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) based on honey production data between 2013 and 2022. By evaluating the honey production data of registered breeders in Ordu province, cartographic maps were produced to evaluate the spatial projection of honey production for the last ten years. After creating a GIS-based database, district-based shape file (.shp extension) data was used for spatial analysis and mapping of the obtained outputs. After these data were defined in the WGS 84 EPSG:4326 coordinate reference system, the spatial distribution of honey production and yield throughout the study period was analyzed using the open-source QGIS version 3.18.3 software. It was determined that the highest honey production belonged to registered beekeepers in Altınordu district during the relevant time period. Altınordu is also the district with the highest number of registered enterprises. It was determined that the honey production data and the number of enterprises of the beekeepers in Gülyalı district, which is one of the neighbouring districts of this district, are lower than Altınordu district. After Altınordu district, Perşembe, Ulubey, Gürgentepe and Gölköy districts have an important place in honey production. Although these districts are neighbours like Gülyalı district, their high production may have resulted from the difference in cooperation between the districts. As a result, it was determined that honey production activities in Ordu province and districts, which is an important city in terms of honey production, vary depending on the districts. The problem of climate change, which is predicted that the world will be exposed to more in the near future, also directs beekeeping activities towards nomadic beekeeping. It can be said that like most of the breeders in Ordu province, registered beekeepers in other cities will be more orientated towards nomadic beekeeping against the threat of global warming.

Analysis of decoupling between CO2 emissions and economic growth in China's provincial capital cities: A Tapio model approach

Large amounts of CO2 emissions often accompany economic growth. The decoupling analysis is a common approach to assess how economic growth can be achieved without significant negative environmental impacts and by promoting energy conservation and emission reduction. Cities are essential in mitigating climate change problems and promoting low-carbon living. This study analyzes the relationship between economic development and CO2 emissions in Chinese provincial capitals from 2011 to 2021. The Tapio decoupling model and Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (LMDI) decomposition model are used to assess this decoupling relationship based on panel CO2 emissions and GDP data. The results show that: (1) CO2 emissions are still growing at a slow pace, but with big fluctuations during 2019–2021 caused by the COVID-19 pandemic; (2) Cities have significant differences, with some cities reaching a stable weak decoupling, and others with unstable decoupling. Also, economically developed cities have significant advantages; (3) Economic output is still the main factor inhibiting decoupling. The inhibiting effect of population growth is gradually stabilizing. Results demonstrate that energy technology and economic structure have a great role in promoting decoupling. In conclusion, this study emphasizes the importance of energy efficiency and sustainable development through advanced technologies, economic restructuring, and low-carbon strategies for transition toward climate-resilient urban development.

Livestock and climate change frames and interaction strategies in East Africa: exploring tensions between adaptation and mitigation options

ABSTRACT East African livestock systems, which support many livelihoods, are suffering from climate change but also contribute a large portion of national greenhouse gas emissions. There are various ways to frame livestock and climate change problems and solutions. We use data from interviews, policy documents and participant observations of science-policy interfaces in Ethiopia, Kenya and Uganda to answer: (1) How do frames used by scientists and policymakers affect discussions about climate change and livestock keeping in East Africa? and (2) What framing interaction strategies are employed to deal with ambiguity in science-policy interfaces? Findings show emphasis is given to framings describing livestock and climate change problems and less to response framings. While adaptation and mitigation are both used as issue frames in general discussions, funding availability to address climate issues draws attention to the need for measurement, reporting and verification systems, leading to more concrete discussions on mitigation-related response options and less attention on adaptation. Actors use different interactional framing strategies to co-construct meaning around problems and response options. The findings highlight the need for governments and partners to co-create knowledge on how livestock interventions can address adaptation and mitigation simultaneously to move away from the adaptation-mitigation divide in response framings.

EU Climate Leadership: Contradictions Inherent in Carbon Regulation

The article analyzes the EU Carbon Border Adjustment mechanism (CBAM) through the lens of the EU’s aspiration to strengthen its leadership in fighting climate change. The introduction of CBAM is viewed as another step toward achieving the EU's goal of climate neutrality, which has become a standard for global development. By studying the internal and external dynamics of CBAM's implementation, the article aims to analyze its role as a tool for diplomatic and exemplary leadership. On the one hand, the EU seeks to protect European producers from producers from countries with lower climate standards. On the other hand, the EU’s desire to involve other countries in creating CBAM-style mechanisms is supposed to strengthen the EU’s leadership, contributing to the formation of multilateral “climate clubs” and the gradual revision of the existing climate regime. However, the article suggests that there are inherent contradictions in the EU's approach. While it seeks to protect its economy through CBAM, it also frames these measures within the narrative of multilateral cooperation. This dual approach poses challenges to the EU's leadership potential. The protectionist nature of CBAM makes other global players, primarily the U.S., follow the same path of taking protective measures. China is not willing to give up its own framing of the climate agenda due to its importance for the construction of China’s international identity. Russia’s perception of the climate change problem is infl uenced by its national interests and the structure of economy. The projection of regulatory power beyond the EU’s borders also provokes resistance from developing and least developed countries, which can seriously damage the EU’s role as a normative power.

Food Security and Climate Agenda

In the era of globalization and the global distribution of goods, including food, food security is not always adequately considered, especially in the so-called global North. This approach contrasts sharply with the climate agenda, which focuses on the existential side of food security. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) reports that almost 12% of the world’s population is severely food insecure; 29% is moderately or severely food insecure; almost one in three people in the world (2.37 billion) do not have access to adequate nutrition, and the prevalence of malnutrition has reached 9.8% in 2021. These negative trends existed long before the coronavirus pandemic, which only aggravated the situation, causing food insecurity levels to spike in 2020 (up 1.5% from 2019). Food security is closely intertwined with other global problems of modernity, in particular, with the problem of climate change on Earth. In this regard, Russia’s role as a leading exporter of agro-food products, especially wheat, is great. The article considers the relationship between food security problems and climate change, analyzes the evolution of understanding of the food security problem and approaches to its solution. The factors affecting the state of food security in Russia are examines separately.

Mind the gap between the economic effect of climate change and the reality

Climate change increases its severity day by day and poses a great threat to our world. Climate change problems almost cause the global economic system to be questioned. This issue is also very important for China, India, Brazil, Russia, Indonesia, Mexico and Turkey, which are expressed as E7 (developing) countries. Climate change forecasts for many countries predict that temperatures will rise as precipitation increases or decreases. Technological improvements are predicted to play an important role in mitigating and adapting to the negative consequences of climate change. This study aims to determine the effect of climate change on the economic growth of E7 countries between the years 2004-2021 using panel data methods. Analysis was done with the Stata 15 program. In the study, firstly, the literature on climate change and economic growth is included. Afterwards, the economic consequences of climate change are discussed. In the following section, solutions that will be effective in combating climate change are explained. Then, the empirical analysis and the obtained findings were included and the study was concluded with the conclusion and evaluation. All variables are statistically significant. Accordingly, while temperature and precipitation negatively affect GDP; Urbanization, population growth and HDI positively affect GDP. According to the consequences of the analysis, it was concluded that climate change negatively affected economic growth.

Learning from climate change news: Is the world on the same page?

Climate change challenges countries around the world, and news media are key to the public's awareness and perception of it. But how are news media approaching climate change across countries? With the problem of climate change and its solution being global, it is key to determine whether differences in climate change news reports exist and what they are across countries. This study employs supervised machine learning to uncover topical and terminological differences between newspaper articles on climate change. An original dataset of climate change articles is presented, originating from 7 newspapers and 3 countries across the world, and published in English during 26 Conference of the Parties (COP) meetings from the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCC). Three aspects are used to discriminate between articles, being (1) countries, (2) political orientations, and (3) COP meetings. Our results reveal differences with regard to how newspaper articles approach climate change globally. Specifically, climate change-related terminology of left-oriented newspapers is more prevalent compared to their right-oriented counterparts. Also, over the years, newspapers' climate change-related terminology has evolved to convey a greater sense of urgency.

Behavioural Factors Affecting Corporate Environmental Sustainability. Evidence From a Field Study Among Polish SMEs and Implications for the EU Environmental Policies

Considering climate change problems that European countries are currently struggling with, the aim of this paper is to examine the behavioural factors that affect corporate environmental sustainability (CES). Based on the relevant academic literature and reports behavioural barriers and enablers for corporate environmental sustainability are identified using the ABCD (attention-belief formation-choice-determination) framework. Selected issues are further investigated in a survey among a representative sample of 350 small and medium-sized Polish enterprises and discussed in a broader European context. Our research reveals what goals and motivations Polish SMEs employ to make green investments, how they asses their environmental efforts compared with peer companies, what sources of environmental information they consider as trustworthy, as well as what factors they believe most strengthen the firm’s determination for sustainable development. The contribution of this paper lies in shedding light on the starting dispositions of entrepreneurs as targets of public policies promoting environmental goals in the EU. Such insights are instrumental in designing and implementing effective policy interventions.

Urban ecological human settlements design based on green and low-carbon concept

In recent years, the continuous growth of global carbon emissions has brought about climate change and global ecological environment problems, as well as severe challenges to the development of human settlements. Based on the concept of low carbon, this paper analyzes and summarizes the current situation of green space in typical residential areas, and quantifies its annual carbon sequestration. Then this paper discusses the design optimization strategy to improve its carbon sink efficiency based on the current situation. Finally, the effectiveness and enforce ability of the optimization strategy are verified by estimating the annual carbon sequestration increase value of the green space after the optimization strategy is applied to an example. The method has a certain reference value for the design and research of urban ecological human settlements with the concept of green and low carbon.

Multi-criteria assessment of climate change due to green house effect based on Sugeno Weber model under spherical fuzzy Z-numbers

Using the multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approach, this research piece addresses the urgent problems of environmental degradation and climate change. The method provides a structured way to examine and compare different criteria and options, which improves the precision of decision-making. In order to make this method even better, we combine Zadeh's Z´-numbers with limitations and reliability factors in an effort to fill the current knowledge vacuum about their maximum potential. We investigate Z´-numbers, which are unexpected and fuzzy, in an effort to use them to our advantage by combining them with spherical fuzzy sets (SFSs). We present the idea of spherical fuzzy Z´-numbers (SFZ´Ns) that allow for flexible and adaptive handling of uncertain data by facilitating fast pairwise comparisons of decision-making options. We develop a full set of operational rules and create aggregation operators (AOs) based on the Sugeno Weber Γ¯-norm and Γ¯-conorm to formalize this new method. We use the average and geometric AOs, two of these operators, to show how our suggested technique works and how practical it is. In decision-making situations including climate change assessment, our comparison study highlights the importance of the suggested operators and approaches, especially in relation to the greenhouse effect. Our study helps us understand Z´-numbers better and how they might be used to handle uncertain data by tackling the interaction between fuzziness and randomness. By emphasizing clarity and specificity, our research provides a solid basis for better decision-making and handling of ambiguity in several fields.

The disappearing generation and climate change: evidence from Zimbabwe

The passing on of key elderly members of communities is presenting new challenges on the well-being of the natural environment as their disappearance signifies the end of Indigenous Knowledge that had protected the ecological environment. Using 60 in-depth interviews situated in 2 rural settlements in the Shamva District of Zimbabwe, complemented by documents on climate change literature, the article demonstrates that the dying of elderly community members is contributing to climate change. With unprecedented levels of migration globally in the absence of Indigenous Knowledge transfer, the continued survival of this important body of knowledge is seriously threatened and this is also greatly contributing to climate change. An end to the free-market economy has been proposed as a solution to address the global problem of climate change. However, the inclusion of Indigenous Knowledge into the education curriculum, including its digitalisation, may go a long way in climate change adaptation and mitigation.